非谓语动词考点归纳经典

考点四
分词做后置定语
The flowers ____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A.to smell C. smelt B. smelling D. to be smelt
The flowers which smell sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
分词的独立主格结构
当分词的逻辑主语不是主句的主语时，要给出 它自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。 The job finished, we went home. The weather being fine, we went swimming. He being absent, nothing could be done. 相当于：
考点六 分词的逻辑主语问题
I often hear him sing this song. often hear this song sung. Hearing the news, he couldn’t help crying. 1. Finding her car stolen, _________. D A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help I
例二、When_______ help, one often says
“Thank you.” or “It‟s kind of you.” A．offering B．to offer C．to be offered D．offered
when + doing sth / done when he/she is offered help
考点二
连词 + doing sth /done
When learning a foreign language, we remember more words. = when we learn a foreign language, we remember more words. 睡觉的时候，你最好把音乐开小一点。 You‟d better turn down the music when sleeping. / when you are sleeping. 进行听力训练时，请用磁带录音机。 Use your tape recorder when doing listening practice. /when you are doing exercises.
考点九 有些动词后既可以跟不定 式，又可以跟动名词，但意义上有 区别
如：forget，remember， mean，regret，stop， try等。
1.有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别
1）forget to do 忘记要去做某事（此事未做） forget doing忘记做过某事（此事已做过或已发生） 2）stop to do 停止、中断（某件事），目的是去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在或经常做的事 3）remember to do 记住去做某事（未做） remember doing记得做过某事(已做) 4) regret to do对要做的事遗憾 regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔 5）try to do努力、企图做某事 try doing试验、试一试某种办法 6) mean to do打算，有意要… mean doing意味着 7）go on to do 继而（去做另外一件事情） go on doing 继续（原先没有做完的事情） 8）propose to do 打算（要做某事） proposing doing建议（做某事）
She has no choice but to wait for the news. The man can do everything but speak French.
动词want, need, require, deserve 等和形容 词worth后接V-ing形式的主动形式作宾语， 表示被动关系，如接不定式时，则必须用被 动形式. 即need doing=need to be done
A.being known C. to be known be known to sb
B. having been known D. known
Don„t use words, expressions, or phrases which are known only to people with specific knowledge.
作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动 词不定式常常省去to 后面的动词，只保 留to 。
A:Would you like to come to my party? B: Yes , I’d love to ( come to your party).
Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。
Mary wanted to use my bike, but I asked her not to ( use my bike).
以下短语中to 为介词，接名词，代词或V-ing 作宾 get down to 开始认真（做某事）look forward to
stick to
坚持
turn to 翻到，求助于 …
see to 照顾；处理 devote oneself to
be used to (doing sth.)
注意：1.分词和不定式都作状语明，而不定 式表示目的和结果，关键是体会句意之间关系。 例 1.He stood there holding a book in his hand .
在用分词短语作状语时, 它逻辑上的主语一般 必须与句子的主语一致, 但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻 辑上的主语, 这种结构称
考点七
独立结构
独立结构可以表示伴随动作或情况, 表示时间、原因、条件等,
He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. (伴 随情况) The shower being over, we continued to march. (时间) So many students being absent, we decided to put the meeting off. (原因) Weather permitting, we’ll have an outing tomorrow. (条 件)
考点三 分词放在句首，或在逗号后面 作状语的形式
_______for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. A. Blaming C. To blame B. lamed D. To be blamed
After the job was finished, we went home.
Because the weather was fine, we went swimming.
Because he was absent, nothing could be done.
• Seeing from the top of the hill, we find the city beautiful. • Seen from the top of the hill, the city is beautiful. • We seeing from the top of the hill, the city is beautiful.
考点八 有些动词后只跟动名词作
宾语
如：admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，
delay，dislike，enjoy，escape， excuse， finish，imagine， keep，mind，miss， practise，resist， risk，suggest，deny等。
考点 一、疑问词 ＋ 不定式结构
常见的疑问词有who, which, when, where, how, what等。 疑问词＋不定式结构在句子当中起名词的作 用，可充当主语、表语、宾语。
[例1]
I’ve work with children before, so I know what ___ in my job.
sb be blamed for sth 某人为某事承担责任
______ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.
A. Faced
C. Facing
B. Face
D. To face
sb be faced with （ 被迫）面对什么
考点五 分词做状语
After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, _________. A. exhausting B. exhausted C. being exhausted D. having exhausted
“ You can ‟ t catch me! ” Janet shouted, __________ away. A．run C．to run B．running D．ran
It‟s no good/ use doing
There‟s no doing… 不可能…
There‟s no knowing.
There‟s no telling when he will be back. There‟s no joking.