Predicative and appositive clauses1
apposition and appositive clause
• 2. "To start with I must admit that at first I harbored reservations about a mixed marriage, prejudices you might even call them..." (para.7)
prejudices
• 1. Her mother, Deborah, all along had been supportive of our relationship, and even joked about when we were...(New Horizon English, book 2, unit 3, para.5) her mother
The Apposition & Appositive Clause
The Apposition
•noun or noun phrase • used after another noun phrase which refers to the same person or thing.
The Appositive Clause
=
Deborah
• 2. "To start with I must admit that at first I harbored reservations about a mixed marriage, prejudices you might even call them..." (para.7)
• noun clause introduced by that (fact, idea, news, etc.) • used for further explanation of the specific content of the term (noun)
人教课标版高中英语选修8 Unit1_Grammar名师教学设计
2.T: From the analysis of the sentence patterns, can you tell me what types of noun clauses are there.
S:Noun clauses are classified as subject clause, object clause, predicative clause and appositive clause.
It happened that…碰巧…
It appears that…似乎…
4It is＋过去分词＋从句
It is reported that…据报道…
It has been proved that…已证实…
It is said that…据说…
it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
it作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如:
DELC2获取新知识
Step2
Production
（学习
新知）(20mins)
1.Teacher guide Ss to learn the grammar rules of noun clauses.
名词性从句
【概念与分类】在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
It hasn’t been decided whether (if) we shall attend the meeting.
较为简单的宾从与表从 (1)
连接副词
I would like to tell you how this bread is made. Do you know when we shall have a meeting? Please go and find out where your father is. I don’t know why he was late.
He suggested that we (should) take your advice. He insisted that we (should) help him. He demanded that we (should) do it at once. He ordered that we (should) follow his advice.
10年 As a new graduate, he doesn’t know takes to start a business here. it
A. how
B. what
C. When D. which
(08重庆25) People in Chongqing are proud of they have achieved in the past ten years. A.that B. which C. what D. how (08北京30) The companies are working together to create they hf transport in the 21st century. A. which B. that C. what D. who
I don’t think this dress fits you well, does it? We don’t believe that you are right, are you? I don’t suppose he is used to this diet, is he?
高考英语必考语法点精讲精练：名词性从句(含高考真题)
⑤ We haven’t decided __w_h_e_t_h_e_r__ to take part in the competition. ⑥ No one have settled the question so far w__h_e_t_h_e_r the world will
The important thing in life is that you should have a great aim and the determination to attain it.
Appositive clauses:
e.g.: There is no doubt that he will win the game. He must answer the question why he did that. He failed again due to the fact that he didn’t work hard.
Tips: Nouns can function as subject, object, predicative, appositive.
Definition:
➢What impresses me most is your smile.
TC➢itlpDaosodu:nasey’.sttphuattofuffntciltlitoonmaosrrsouwbwjehcatt,sohboujeldctb,e done
His broad smile suggested that he __h_ad__e_n_c_o_u_n_te_r_e_d____ (encounter) someone he adored.
whether & if（只用whether情况）
unit3-grammar-宾语从句与表语从句
无义 1. The mother’s question was that she has no time to look after her daughter.
是否 2.The question is whether that boy will
turn up in time.
….的样子 3. Tom is no longer what he used to be .
4. I don’t know _w__h_e_t_h__eror not he is well.
5. I don’t know _w_h__e_th__erto go.
• 由疑问词引导的宾语从句 用who, whom, what,
when, where, how, whenever等关联词引导 时，连接词在从句中担当 一定成分，具有一定的意 义，从句语序要用陈述语 序。
if / whether
1. I asked her i_f_/_w__h_e_t_h_e_rshe had a bike.
2. We’re worried about _w__h_e_t_h_e_ rhe is safe.
3. I wonder __w__h_e_t_h_e_r_/_ifhe is well.
注意2：whether / if
A. 引导宾语从句时可互换. B. 位于介词后要用whether. C. 位于句首时要用whether. D. 引导表语从句, 主语从句, 同位语
1. He asked （谁能回答这个问题） _w__h_o_c_o_u_l_d__a_n_sw__e_r_t_h_e_q_u__es_t_io_n___.
2. Do you know__w_h_o_m__t_h_ey__a_re__w_a_it_in_g__for （他们在等谁）
各种从句的英语表达
各种从句的英语表达主语subject谓语predicate宾语object定语attribute状语adverbial补足语complement表语predicative同位语从句: appositive clause定语从句: attributive clause非限制性定语从句Non-restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句restrictive Attributive Clause先行词: an antecedent表语从句：predicative clause1.宾语从句：1.主句现在时从句根据实际进行调整：He says (that) he will have a walk soon.（一般将来时）He said he would take a rest.（过去将来时）2.主句过去时从句过去时：He wondered if I would come.3.从句表客观真理，用一般现在：Mr. Li said the moon is smaller than the earth.＊＊4宾语从句用陈述句语序。
Could you tell me that when you will get back to Wuhan?（不是will you）2.状语从句：1；状语从句中if(如果), unless(除非)，when(当…的时候), as soon as(一…就…)，before, after, until, as(当…的时候)所引导的状语从句用一般现在时。
例句：I will call you up if I leave for Shanghai next week.（一般将来时）Wait for your brother at the bus station until he arrives.（祈使句）You may take a rest when/until you finish doing your work. (不表过去的情态动词) 2；主句过去时从句过去完成时（had done）：When he got to the park, his classmates had left.3.定语从句：关系代词who和whom只指人，which只指物。
高三英语名词性从句表格
同位语从句说明其刖面的名词的具体内容，常用的名词如：fact,news,idea,hope,thought,order,,word,proof，belief,truth,suggestion,story,
Hedoesn'tcareifitisn't
a
whether常与ornot连用，不能用if代替。
作介词宾语要用
whether不能用if。从
句是否定句时般
特殊疑问意义
who,whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,
Pleasetellmewhatyouwant.Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.
WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.
把它移到句子后面，前面用引导词it来作形式主语。
2、宾语从句:
关联词
例句
说明
陈述意义
that
Ibelieve(that)heishonest.
Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.
等引导，以示疑
Theproblemis(that)theycan
eeaget
he在非正式的文体中that可以省去。
连接代词
whowhatwhich
enThOp.sjustwhatIwant.
Thequestioniswho(whichofyou)willbethenextspeaker.
人教版高中英语选择性必修二Unit 2 第三课时 Discover useful structure
_T_h_a_t_s_t_u_d_e_n_t_s_h_a_v_e_t_o_w__r_it_e_c_o_u_n__tl_e_ss__r_es_e_a_r_c_h_p__a_p_e_rs__a_s_p_a_r_t of their _co_u__rs_e_w__o_rk__w_a_s__n_o_t_s_o_m__et_h_i_n_g_t_h_a_t_C__h_e_n_H__a_o_w__a_s_r_e_a_d_y_f_o_r_.
social life.
object 宾语
4. She says that she’s proud of being a cultural messenger.
1、2、3 2
4
noun clauses
Study the following sentences. Pay attention to the functions of nouns (or noun phrases) in each one.
2.to identify and conclude forms and features of noun clauses (名词性从句);
3.to express feelings and describe situations by using noun clauses.
图片来自教材
Xie Lei
but you can figure out what a long sentence means by following a few simple steps. 1 Decide if the sentence is compound (look for and, but, or, etc.) or complex (look for who, when, where, etc.). 2 Find the main clause if it is a complex sentence. 3 Look for modifiers.
《英语句子成分》PPT课件
The relationship between sentence components
Subject predicate relationship
The relationship between the subject and predicate, indicating the relationship between the action executor and the action itself.
and omitted components
01 Overview of English Sentence Elements
Definition and Function
Definition
English sentence components refer to the various parts that make up an English sentence, each of which plays a different role in the sentence and together form the complete meaning of the sentence.
Tense consistency
The subject and predicate must be consistent in tense, that is, the present tense subject uses the present tense predicate, and the past tense subject uses the past tense predicate, etc.
Function
The object plays an indispensable role in English sentences by taking action and indicating the object or result of the action.
Unit5-Appositive-Clause
responsibility.
A. that B. which
C. what D. if
7. They expressed the suggestion _____ she accept the award.
A. what B. when
C. that D. which
Tip:在某些名词（demand, suggestion, advice等） 后的同位语从句,谓语动词要用(should) +do！
注意:
若被同位语从句说明的名词是：advice,suggestion, demand,request,order等表示 建议、命令、要求的词时，同位语从句的谓语用 "(should)+do"
1).I made the suggestion that the meeting _(_s_h_o_u_l_d_)_b_e__b_ro_u__g_h_t__(bring) to an end.
Have you any idea _w_h_a_t_ he is doing now?
They asked me the question _w_h_e_t_h_e_r_the work was worth doing.
The question ＿wh＿o ＿should do the work requires consideration.
Tell the difference
宾语 1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.
定语从句
（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）
2)The news that Tom would go abroad
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Predicative and appositive clausesDesigned by Xuting Teaching aims:By the end of the class, students will be able toe the correct conjunctions to introduce the predicative and appositive clauses.2.apply predicative and appositive clauses to writing.一，按要求改写成名词性从句，意思不变。
Example：The president wishes to meet the clever boy at the airport. (表语从句) —The president’s wish is that he will meet the clever boy at the airport.1. The wise man suggested our flying to Berlin tomorrow. (表语从句)2. He decided to help the poor old man as much as he could. (表语从句)3. He hopes that his father can get a well-paid job. (表语从句)Example：It is not probable that the war should break out this week. (同位语从句) —There is no probability that the war should break out this week.1.It is possible that they might do better in the project. (同位语从句)2.Bill suggested that the machine should be tested as soon as possible. (同位语从句)3.We hope that more people can join us in stopping the pollution. (同位语从句)二，填上适当的连接词。
1. His advice is we should learn from the foreign students.2. My suggestion is we have a discussion before making a decision.3. The reason why they quarrelled yesterday is they knocked into each other.4. The thought he could beat the opponent made him full of energy.5. Word came the president would visit the country soon.6. We need some help. The question is will help us.7. I have no idea the snowstorm will strike the area in two days.8. What the doctors worried about is the patient can live through the night.9. We are short of money. That’s we will borrow money from the bank.10. The elder brother insists that he should be the first to use the computer and that’sHis younger brother disagrees.三．高考链接1. Along with the letter was her promise ________ she would join us in the work. A．which B．what C．that D．whether2. The news ________ is spreading around the airport is ________ a heavy storm is coming. A．what；不填 B．that；that C．不填；that D．that；which3.____made the school proud was ____more than 90%of the students had been admitted to key universities .A What / becauseB What / thatC That / whatD That / because4.___she couldn’t understand was ___ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons .A What / whyB That / whatC What / becauseD Why / that5. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A. thatB. howC. whatD. why6. The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. though7. News came from the school office ________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where8.Why not try your luck downtown，Bob? That’s the best jobs are.A. whereB. whatC. whenD. why9. A warm thought suddenly came to me I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.A .if B. when C. that D. which10. See the flags on top of the building? That was we did this morning.A. whenB. whichC. whereD. what11. There is much chance Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race. A．that B．which C．until D．if12. —I drive to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that __you had a few days off?A. whyB. whenC. what D where四，用合适的连词完成短文There is no doubt ____1___Andy was a famous writer, but we have no idea___2____she came from and ___3____she was born in 1961 was still a mystery. The reason ____4___ she was popular with poor people is ___5____ she always helped ___6____was in need of money. Andy was generous and helpful, but some people thought she was chasing fame. Andy said she didn’t understand ___7____they were so narrow-minded, but it didn’t matter8 others said. She just wanted to do ____9____ was right. That is ___10____I agree.五，写作练习（使用表语和同位语从句）我的梦想就是将来能被大学录取。
原因是大学里有优秀的老师和先进的设备。
为了实现这个梦想，我们应该做的就是我们要用知识和技能武装自己。
我们需要注意的是我们要提高学习效率。
我做出了一个决定，我们要充分利用时间来复习。
毫无疑问我每天都致力于学习。
老师也给了我很多鼓励并建议我坚持记笔记。
让我高兴的是我取得了很大的进步。
我的信念是有志者，事竟成。
Homework根据汉语提示补全句子1.I have no idea (谁是第一个完成任务的)2.Some people hold the view (应该重建圆明园)3.Can't you hear the demand (把会议推迟到下星期)？4.They have reached the conclusion (充分利用太阳能是必要的)5.The question (他能不能做出正确的决定)remains to be answered6.He played the computer game for thirty hours. That's (他在课上睡觉的原因)7.You have neglected the important fact (他们对结果不满意)8.My hope is (他们能同甘共苦)9.The reason why Tom can't sleep is (他害怕黑暗)10.There is some doubt (能否排除这个可能性)11.My demand is (你必须让别人理解你的意思)12.Did you hear the order (每个人上交一篇论文)？高考真题1. Parts of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _______ it was rather closely modeled on his own life.A. whatB. thatC. whyD. whether2. —He was born here. -- That is _______ he likes the place so much.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. how3. ________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.A. What … thatB. That … whatC. What … whatD. That … what4. The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years. A. what B. which C. that D. though5. News came from the school office ______ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. where6. Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea ______ the party is to be held?A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where7. There remains a doubt among the public ______ the vaccine is safe enough for children.A. whetherB. thatC. whatD. how8. The mother was filled with anxiety ______ her daughter might be disabled by the accident.A. whetherB. thatC. whatD. which9. Standing in the hall, Patty had an uneasy feeling ______ somebody was watching her.A. whyB. whetherC. thatD. which10. The doctor tried to remove the man's fear______ his wife might die during the operation.A. whenB. thatC. whetherD. what1.I have no idea___________(谁是第一个完成任务的)who was the first to complete his task.2.Some people hold the view___________(应该重建圆明园) that Yuanming Yuan should be rebuilt.3.Can't you hear the demand___________(把会议推迟到下星期)？that the meeting be put off until next week.4.They have reached the conclusion___________(充分利用太阳能是必要的) that it is necessary to make full use of Solar energy.5.The question___________(他能不能做出正确的决定)remains to be answered. whether he is able to make the right decision6.He played the computer game for thirty hours. That's___________(他在课上睡觉的原因) why he fell asleep in class.7.You have neglected the important fact___________(他们对结果不满意) that they were unsatisfied with the result.8.My hope is___________(他们能同甘共苦) that they can share weal and woe.9.The reason why Tom can't sleep is___________(他害怕黑暗)that he is afraid of the darkness.10.There is some doubt___________(能否排除这个可能性) whether this possibility can be ruled out.11.My demand is___________(你必须让别人理解你的意思)that you should make yourself understood.12.Did you hear the order___________(每个人上交一篇论文)？that each turn in an essay?ABDAA1—5 CCDCB 6—10DAACB。