主系表结构造句解析

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五种基本句型

五种基本句型

简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂,但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。

这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。

换言之,绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。

这五个基本句式如下:S十V主谓结构S十V十P主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构说明:S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语基本句型一:S十V主谓结构这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,这些动词常见的有:appear, apologize,arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise,等等。

如:1). 学生们学习很努力。

_____________________________________2). 她再次向我道歉。

_______________________________________3). 事故是昨天晚上发生的。

_____________________________________补充: 少数不及物动词后面能跟一个相同意义的名词作宾语,这个名词和前面的动词在词根上是相同的或者在意义上是相近的,这样的宾语就叫做同源宾语。

常见的能带同源宾语的动词有:lead, live, die, sleep, dream, breathe, smile, laugh, fight, run, sing等。

例如:4). Under the leadership of the Party, the peasants lead a happy life.5). I dreamed a terrible dream last night.6). Our soldiers fought a wonderful fight against the floods last August. 。

英语句子成分分析,简单句句型

英语句子成分分析,简单句句型
the guitar now.
有些词既是及物动词又是不及物动词,那就要看意思上的区别了:
他们放风筝。 They fly the kites.
风筝在天上飞。 The kites fly in the sky.
She teaches us.
She teaches us English. She teaches English.
助动词 辅助动词
do / does / did have / has / had will / shall / be going to can / may / must / shall / need
情态动词
could / should / would / might have (has) to / had better
He bought me a new bike.
也可以改为for sb. 的句式
He bought a new bike for me.
(B) give / take / send / bring / teach / show / tell / pay / write / read / sell / lend / pass / return / throw / offer / hand She lent me a book.
简单句的五种基本类型
预备 知识
Full Verb
实义/行为 动词? Predicate 谓语? Object 宾语?
Subject 主语?
还 “简单句”呢--分不清了耶!!! 郁闷死!
Link Verb 连系动词?
Predicative 表语?
休要担心少要害怕----
简单句(Simple Sentences) 就是只包含一个主谓结构的句子

英语五大基本句型结构

英语五大基本句型结构

英语五大基本句型结构基本句型一:SV(主+谓)Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词(英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语,可把动词分成不及物动词与和及物动词。

不及物动词:字典里词后标有vi. 的就是不及物动词.不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象(即宾语)。

若要跟宾语,必须先在其后添加上某个介词,如to,of,at后方可跟上宾语.具体每个动词后究竟加什么介词就得联系动词短语了,如listen to,look at….),不及物动词常见的有:appear,apologize,arrive,come,die,disappear,exist,fall,happen,rise (好像还有所有的感官动词(如以上的listen—-Eragon注)等等。

如:The students work very hard.学生们学习很努力。

She apologized to me again。

她再次向我道歉.The accident happened yesterday evening。

事故是昨天晚上发生的。

(happen是不及物动词,但表示“某地(某时)发生了什么事",常用“sth.+ h appen +地点/时间"这一结构来表达,此时主语应是事情;表示“某人出了某事(常指不好的事)”,要用“sth.+ happen+to sb.”这一结构来表达——Eragon注)基本句型二:SVP(主谓表)(好像有的叫SVC(主系表)——Eragon注)Subject(主语)+Link。

V(系动词)+redicate(表语)(表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的,表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当,它常位于系动词(be, become, appear, seem, look, sound,feel,get, smell等词)之后。

——Eragon注)这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类:(1)表示状态的连系动词。

五种基本句型-主系表结构

五种基本句型-主系表结构

五种基本句型——主系表结构主(语)+系(动词)+表(语)主语,主语是五种基本句型都具备的。

从位置上来看,主语一般在句子开头,也就是一个句子的“头把交椅”。

从意义上理解,主语一般是一个句子的“陈述对象”,后面的一切都是针对主语来说的。

主语一般是名词或代词(当然还有其他,这里暂且详细讨论)系动词是联系动词的简称,顾名思义,它是起到联系作用的动词,是连接主语和表语的。

系动词的数量是有限的,常见的只有十来个,我们把它们分成四组,这样有助于我们记忆系动词:一、be动词类:am、is 、are 、was 、were二、表示变化类:become、get 、turn 、grow 、go三、感官动词类: 眼(look )耳(sound)鼻(smell)舌(taste)身(feel)四、表示延续性的动词:remain 、stay 、keep表语从位置上来讲,它总是在系动词后面(系动词和表语关系甚为紧密,没有系动词,就没有表语:没有表语,就没有系动词。

二从意义上讲,表语通常是来说明主语的性质、特征的。

表语通常是由形容词、介词短语、名词、代词、动词不定式、doing 等来充当。

上面就是对主系表结构的简要介绍,其中,系动词是主系表结构的核心,它是这个结构的标志,看到了系动词,也就能立刻判断出句子的结构是主系表,因此,记住系动词非常重要。

练习找出下面句子中的主语、系动词及表语,并指出主语和表语分别是由什么词性或词类来充当的。

1 Tom is a student.2 He is fat.3 I am tired .4 We are students.5 The bag was lost .6 The boy was foolish .7 They were kind.8 She is in the room.9 The books are on the desk.10 Snow is white.11 Kate was here yesterday.12 My father became a teacher in 1978.13 The weather gets hot in summer.14 She looks beautiful.15 The flower smells good.16 We were very happy.17 You are right.18 The soup tastes delicious.19 The chair is yours.20 The children are asleep.21 The story is interesting.22 He feels better today.23 The leaf turns green.24 I stayed awake all the night.25 The weather still remained cold in April.26 The little girl is six.27 My work is to look after the baby.28 His job is taking care of the patient.29 The girl is very pretty.30 He went mad.31 Please don’t get angry.32 The weather is getting colder and colder.33 You look angry.34 She looks like her mother.35 You look unhappy, what’s the matter?36 Those roses smell beautiful.37 This tastes nice. What’s in it?38 Do you feel happy?39 He remained silent.40 The weather is going to stay fine.41 M y job is teaching English.42 She is at home.43 I feel terrible.44 He is older than he looks.他比看上去要老。

句子结构

句子结构

句子结构句子的基本结构及主要成分英语中只含有一个主谓结构并且句子各成分都只由单词或短语构成的独立句子或分句叫做简单句。

按结构划分,主要有五大基本句型。

S+V 主谓结构S+V+O 主谓宾结构S+V+O1+O2 主谓双宾结构S+V+O+C 主谓宾补结构S+V+P 主系表结构1.主谓结构(S+V)在这种结构中,只需要一个主语加一个谓语动词就可以表达一个完整的句子意思了主语往往是名词,代词,动名词,不定式等。

注意:这里的谓语是不及物动词(vi),也就是说此类谓语动词后面不能不能接名词作宾语。

The sun rises.The friendship remains.I will leave tomorrow.Who cares?They talked for half an hour.He is crying.It is very kind of you to say so.Seeing is believing.不及物动词本身是意思完整的,如: smile, live, die, come, go。

自然界中的自发性动作属不及物动词,如:melt, rise, grow, sprout, freeze.注意:there be句型是一种特殊的SV句型,他是一种倒装结构,be动词后面的是主语。

造句练习:1.有些事情改变了。

Something has changed.2.老师离开了。

The teacher has gone.3.水果的价钱下跌了。

The price of fruits goes down.4.孩子们都睡着了。

The children are sleeping.5.他们走路已经走了两个小时了。

They walked for two hours.6.他说话声音太大了,我们什么都听不见。

She speaks loudly, and we cannot hear anything.7.在运动会中,我的左胳膊受伤了。

英语简单句的5种基本类型

英语简单句的5种基本类型

宾语补足语(宾补)有些及物动词除了 要有一个宾语之外, 还须加上一个补足语。 如果没有补足语(宾补), 有时候句子的意 思就不完整。 充当宾补的有: 1. 形容词作宾语补足语
The sun keeps us warm. 2. 介词短语作宾语补足语:
I found her i Please let him in.
4. 名词作宾语补足语。 We made him monitor of the class 5. 动词不定式和分词也能用作宾语 I asked him to come.
定语 定语修饰名词或代词(即在汉语里 的……的) 1. 形容词作定语(一般放在被修饰 语之前,修饰不定代词时放在后面)
They have a clever son.
系动词
be (am is are was were) / seem / keep /…是/好象(似乎)是/保持 look / feel / taste / smell / sound / …看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去) become / turn / get / grow / …变得
表语:表示主语是什么(身份)或者怎么样(处于什么状态)。 由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当。 和系动词一起构成谓语,也就是说: 连系动词后面的就/才是表语!
状语的位置 1. 在一般情况下,用于句末。
We like our school very much. 2.为了强调状语,可以把它放在句首.
I usually get up at six, but this
morning I got up at eight. 3. 表频度的副词通常用于句中, 如
always, usually, often, hardly, never, 用于行为动词前,be动词、助动词和 情态动词后

英语简单句的5种基本类型

英语简单句的5种基本类型

3. 副词作宾语补足语。 Please let him in. 4. 名词作宾语补足语。 We made him monitor of the class 5. 动词不定式和分词也能用作宾语 I asked him to come.
定语 定语修饰名词或代词(即在汉语里 的……的) 1. 形容词作定语(一般放在被修饰 语之前,修饰不定代词时放在后面) They have a clever son. I have something important to tell you.
状语的位置 1. 在一般情况下,用于句末。 We like our school very much. 2.为了强调状语,可以把它放在句首. I usually get up at six, but this morning I got up at eight. 3. 表频度的副词通常用于句中, 如 always, usually, often, hardly, never, 用于行为动词前,be动词、助动词和 情态动词后
时间和地点状语也可以位于句首, 表示强调或 使上下文更为连贯 Usually I read the newspapers in the morning, but yesterday I read them in the evening.
预备 知识
Full Verb
实义/行为 动词? Predicate 谓语? Object 宾语?
3. 代词作定语:This song is better than that one. 4. 数词作定语:There are only thirty students in our class. 带有数字的复合形容词.当复合形容 词用连字号连接时,其中的名词要用 单数形式. a two-day holiday a three-yearold boy

五种基本句型练习题

五种基本句型练习题

五种基本句型练习题五种基本句型练习题语言是人类交流的重要工具,而句子是语言表达的基本单位。

在汉语中,句子的结构多种多样,但总体上可以归纳为五种基本句型:主谓结构、主谓宾结构、主谓宾补结构、主系表结构和主谓双宾结构。

掌握这五种基本句型的用法,对于提高语言表达能力至关重要。

下面将给出五种基本句型的练习题,帮助读者更好地理解和掌握这些句型。

一、主谓结构1. 请用主谓结构造句,表达以下动作:a) 她唱歌。

b) 他跳舞。

c) 他们学习。

d) 我看电视。

2. 请用主谓结构造句,表达以下状态:a) 我很快乐。

b) 他很累。

c) 她很漂亮。

d) 他们很聪明。

二、主谓宾结构1. 请用主谓宾结构造句,表达以下动作:a) 她吃苹果。

b) 他喝咖啡。

c) 他们写作业。

d) 我看电影。

2. 请用主谓宾结构造句,表达以下状态:a) 我喜欢音乐。

b) 他爱运动。

c) 她讨厌蔬菜。

d) 他们欣赏艺术。

三、主谓宾补结构1. 请用主谓宾补结构造句,表达以下动作:a) 她把房子装修得漂亮。

b) 他把问题解决得很好。

c) 他们把作业完成得很快。

d) 我把房间打扫得干净。

2. 请用主谓宾补结构造句,表达以下状态:a) 我把他生气得发疯。

b) 他把我感动得流泪。

c) 她把大家吓坏了。

d) 他们把我高兴得笑出声。

四、主系表结构1. 请用主系表结构造句,表达以下状态:a) 我是医生。

b) 他是学生。

c) 她是老师。

d) 他们是朋友。

2. 请用主系表结构造句,表达以下状态:a) 我很忙。

b) 他很疲倦。

c) 她很开心。

d) 他们很有才华。

五、主谓双宾结构1. 请用主谓双宾结构造句,表达以下动作:a) 她给我一本书。

b) 他送给我一束花。

c) 他们借给我一支笔。

d) 我买给他一杯咖啡。

2. 请用主谓双宾结构造句,表达以下状态:a) 我给他留下了深刻的印象。

b) 他送给我一份礼物。

c) 她借给我一本书。

d) 他们买给我一个生日蛋糕。

通过以上练习题,读者可以巩固和运用五种基本句型的用法。

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主系表结构造句
1.I am a middle school student.
2.I am from China.
3.I am fourteen years old.
4.I am a fourteen-year-old girl.
5.I am very outgoing.
6.I am happy everyday.
7.I am interested in English.
8.I am proud of my parents.
9.I am glad to help others.
10.I am very energetic.
11.You are my best friend.
12.You are my favourite friend.
13.You are very honest
14.You are you are really beautiful.
15.You are really great.
16.You are a very hard-working student.
17.You are quite a hard-working student.
18.You are such a good child.
19.You are very helpful.
20.You are an honest person.
21.He is a scientist.
22.He is really successful.
23.He is an extremely kind boy.
24.He is very clever.
25.He is very lucky.
26.He is very energetic.
27.He is very confident.
28.He is a sunny man.
29.He is not too tall.
30.He is very serious.
31.She is really my mother.
32.She is my aunt's friend.
33.She is very friendly.
34.She is very strict
35.She is an artist.
36.She is quite beautiful.
37.She is only 5 years old.
38.She is my good friend.
39.She is our classmate.
40.She is a volleyball fan.
41.It is a useful dictionary.
42.It is my pet dog.
43.English is is very interesting.
44.Da Li is very touristy.
45.The school building is very high.
46.We are your fans.
47.We are in Class 67.
48.We are very busy .
49.We are really tired.
50.We are your new friends.
51.We are very healthy.
52.We are primary school students.
53.We are happy every day.
54.We are very confident.
55.We are very polite.
56.You are good students.
57.You are too confident.
58.You are very sunny.
59.You are our best friends.
60.You are so beautiful.
61.You are really hard-working.
62.You are very helpful.
63.You are great inventors.
64.You are visitors.
65.You are quite polite.
66.They are our new students.
67.They are professional actors.
68.They are very loving.
69.They are extremely sleepy.
70.They are really pianist.
71.They are professional singers.
72.They are very honest.
73.They are very patient.
74.They are in trouble.
75.They are endangered animals.
76.My father is very strict with me.
77.My parents are proud of me.
78.My friends are all friendly.
79.My teachers are all very patient.
80.My classmates are all good at sports.
81.Your parents are both kind.
82.Your teachers are serious.
83.Your brother is a hard-working boy.
84.Your friends are all quite clever.
85.Your study is really great.
86.His father is a violinist.
87.His hometown is very fascinating.
88.His English is the best in our class.
89.His pronunciation is very poor.
90.His life is very happy.
91.Her mother is an actress.
92.Her sister is a waitress.
93.Her uncle is a great waiter.
94.Her computer is broken.
95.Her writing is very beautiful.
96.Its name is Mi Mi .
97.Its owner is Mr Wu.
98.Its hobby is to eat fish.
99.Its color is yellow.
100.Its favourite food is bread.
101.Our teachers are all hard-working.
102.Our favourite sports are basketball and football. 103.Our health is the most important.
104.Our duty is to study hard.
105.Our duty is to protect the environment.
106.Your duty is to water the trees.
107.Your safety is very important.
108.Your success is our hope.
109.Your English is very good.
110.Your language is difficult to learn.
111.Their duty is to plant trees.
112.Their ways are very good.
113.Their lives are very happy.
114.Their hometown is very beautiful.
115.Their spoken English is wonderful.
116.Keeping healthy is very important.
117.Eating healthy food is necessary.
118.Protecting the environment is our duty.
119.Playing computer games long is bad for our eyes. 120.Eating healthily is good for us.
121.Chatting on line is very interesting.
122.Shopping on line is very popular.
123.Meeting Internet friends is dangerous.
124.Holding on to your dreams is very important. 125.Helping others is to help ourselves.
126.Planting trees is very necessary.
127.Being honest is important.
128.Being polite is also important.
129.Saving water is everyone's duty.
130.Being confident is important.。

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