MOSA IP-PBX 防骇措施
mos管防短路电路
mos管防短路电路在电子设备中，我们经常会遇到短路问题，而短路往往会导致设备的损坏甚至发生火灾等严重后果。
为了解决这一问题，人们设计了mos管防短路电路，用以保护电子设备的安全运行。
mos管防短路电路是一种基于金属氧化物半导体场效应管的电路，其作用是在电路短路时及时切断电流，防止电流过大而导致设备损坏。
这种电路通过对mos管的控制，使其在短路时迅速关闭，切断电流的通路，以保护电路的安全。
mos管防短路电路通常由保护电路和控制电路两部分组成。
保护电路是为了检测电路短路而设置的，它能够感知电路中的异常电流，并通过信号传输给控制电路。
控制电路根据保护电路的信号来控制mos管的开关状态，以实现电路的切断。
通过这样的设计，mos管防短路电路能够在短时间内迅速切断电路，避免电流过大而导致设备损坏。
mos管防短路电路的工作原理是利用mos管的特性来实现的。
mos 管是一种三端器件，由栅极、漏极和源极组成。
在正常情况下，当电流经过mos管时，栅极与源极之间的电压控制着mos管的导通状态。
当电路发生短路时，电流会迅速增大，导致栅极与源极之间的电压超过mos管的承受能力，从而使mos管迅速关闭，切断电路。
这样就能有效地防止电流过大而导致设备损坏。
mos管防短路电路的设计需要考虑多方面的因素。
首先，需要合理选择mos管的型号和参数，以满足电路的需求。
其次，需要合理安排保护电路和控制电路之间的连接方式，以确保信号传输的准确性和稳定性。
此外，还需要考虑电路的可靠性和可维护性，以方便对电路进行检修和维护。
在实际应用中，mos管防短路电路广泛应用于各种电子设备中。
例如，手机、电脑、电视等家用电器中都采用了这种电路来保护设备的安全运行。
此外，工业领域中的各种控制系统和电力系统中也广泛使用了mos管防短路电路。
这些电路的应用不仅能够保护设备的安全，还能提高设备的可靠性和稳定性。
mos管防短路电路是一种能够保护电子设备安全运行的重要电路。
接口防护措施总结
xx接口防护措施总结关键字：xx 接口防护xx是IDU系列产品的低端产品，定位于替代SDU的部分低端市场，主要用于接入网、小模块局、微站等市场，同时兼顾部分户外基站市场的需求xx包含很多接口,其中包括电源输入端口、串口、模拟量输入端口、E1端口、传感器电源输出端口、网口、USB口、I2C口等。
如果不进行端口保护，外部危险信号就会通过端口直接引入而造成器件的损坏，特别是电源端口、网口和E1端口等，还会引入雷电信号。
xx根据其端口的自身特点进行了一些保护措施，现在对各个端口保护措施进行分析说明。
1。
电源输入端口图1 电源输入端口输入电源电压为直流20V-60V.根据电源输入端的特点，防护措施包括防雷、防浪涌、以及过流、防反接等。
①防雷或防浪涌冲击的措施采用压敏电阻通过放电管接地的方式进行雷击保护，压敏电阻型号为S20K60.它的防雷电压为85V，可以防护6.5kA的雷电。
如图1,采用R152和R151与放电管G1连接来防护共模雷,其中放电管G1可以缩短压敏的泄放通道。
R149用来防护差模雷，不采用R152和R151串联的方式来滤除差模雷，是因为这两个压敏电阻串联后的防雷电压为170V,这样将无法滤除85V～170V之间的差模雷.②过流保护措施电源保护电路在正级输入端串联保险丝F1来进行过流保护，当电流太大时，保险丝熔断来对单板进行保护。
③防反接保护措施在电源的负极串入二极管D66通过它的单向导电性能来实现电源的反接保护。
当电源极性反接时，电路不工作,单板不损坏.④电源滤波图1中，C139、C154、L26、C140、C141、C158组成了电源滤波器，它对滤除差模噪声和共模噪声都有一定的效果。
共模电感L26在滤除差模噪声的同时对共模噪声有显著效果，同时，C140、C141也是滤除共模噪声，其选用为0。
022微法的陶介电容，有较好的高频特性。
2. 以太网输入端口以太网接口作为一种宽带网的基本通信接口在产品中得到了大量应用。
如何保护您的无人机网络安全(二)
无人机（Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, UAV）作为一种新兴技术，已经被广泛应用于军事、民用、商业等领域。
但与此同时，无人机网络安全问题也日益严峻。
为了保护无人机网络的安全，我们需要采取一系列措施来防止恶意攻击和数据泄露。
首先，最基本而且最容易忽视的措施是加强物理安全。
无人机在飞行过程中可能会面临各种潜在的威胁，如侵扰者试图通过干扰无人机的控制信号来获取控制权。
因此，确保无人机在飞行过程中不受未经授权的干扰至关重要。
可以在无人机上安装保护装置，如遮挡无人机通信信号的金属层，以防止无人机被控制信号干扰。
其次，对无人机的控制信道进行加密是保护无人机网络安全的重要手段。
在实际操作中，无人机的控制信号经常会通过无线通信方式传输，这为黑客渗透和控制无人机提供了机会。
采用强加密算法，如AES（Advanced Encryption Standard），能够有效保护无人机的控制信号免受恶意攻击者的入侵和篡改。
此外，无人机的固件和软件也应加强安全性。
固件和软件的漏洞往往会被黑客用于入侵和控制无人机。
制造商应加强对固件和软件的漏洞扫描和检测，及时发布补丁和更新，以防止黑客利用已知漏洞。
同时，无人机的网络连接也是一个关键的安全风险。
无人机的网络连接可能会被黑客追踪和攻击，从而使其暴露于控制权的丧失和数据泄露的风险之下。
使用具有高度安全性的网络连接技术，如虚拟专用网络（Virtual Private Network, VPN），可以有效保护无人机网络传输的安全。
此外，无人机操作员和相关人员的安全意识培养也至关重要。
操作员应接受相关培训，了解无人机网络安全的重要性，并学习防范恶意入侵的基本技能。
在操作和维护无人机的过程中，还应遵守相关的安全操作规范，确保无人机系统长期稳定运行。
最后，应建立起一套完善的监测和响应机制，及时发现并应对潜在的网络安全威胁。
通过安全系统和网络设备的实时监测，及时识别异常行为和攻击迹象，并采取相应的应急措施，可以有效应对潜在的网络攻击和数据泄露风险。
金属氧化物避雷器的特点和试验方法
金属氧化物避雷器的特点和试验方法金属氧化物避雷器（Metal Oxide Surge Arrester, MOA）是一种常用的电力设备，用于保护电力系统中的设备免受过电压影响。
其主要特点是高阻抗、快速响应和大放电能力。
MOA通过将金属氧化物（通常是锌氧化物）作为主要材料，可以有效地将过电压引流到地线上，保护系统设备不受损坏。
金属氧化物避雷器的特点如下：1. 高阻抗：MOA具有高阻抗特性，可以在正常工作状态下提供高电阻，保护系统设备免受过电压的影响。
2. 快速响应：MOA的响应速度非常快，可以在数微秒内将过电压引流到地线上，避免电压过高对设备造成损坏。
3. 大放电能力：MOA能够承受大电流的放电，保护系统设备不受过电压的破坏。
4. 长寿命：MOA的金属氧化物材料具有优良的耐热和耐老化性能，能够长时间稳定运行。
5. 防止电弧延续：MOA在放电时能够迅速熔断电路，防止电弧的延续，保护设备免受二次损坏。
经过一段时间的使用后，金属氧化物避雷器需要进行试验以确保其正常运行。
下面是金属氧化物避雷器试验的一般步骤：1. 外观检查：检查避雷器外观是否完好，无明显变形、损伤或渗漏现象。
2. 影视放电测量：通过对避雷器施加电压，观察避雷器放电情况，并使用特定设备记录放电的电压波形。
3. 泄放电流测量：通过将避雷器连接到电流表，测量其泄放电流。
泄放电流应在合理范围内，不能过高或过低。
4. 承受重复高电压试验：通过对避雷器施加高电压，观察避雷器是否能够正常承受重复高电压。
5. 动态放电电压测量：通过对避雷器施加动态电压，观察避雷器放电情况，并使用特定设备记录放电的电压波形。
6. 热试验：将避雷器加热并观察其性能和耐久性。
7. 复合波击穿电压试验：通过对避雷器施加复合波电压，观察避雷器是否能够正常工作。
以上试验方法仅供参考，具体的试验方法和标准需参考国家和行业标准。
在进行试验时，需要使用专用的设备和仪器，并由专业人员进行操作。
莫扎（Moxa）PoE解决方案简介说明书
Digital MiningReal-time Video Streaming and Monitoring Network for Autonomous Haulage System in Surface MiningCCTV Surveillance Solutions for Onboard Mining LocomotivesPowering Up IP Surveillance and Wi-Fi Communications through Centralized Underground Security MonitoringSmart RailCommunication Network for Tramway Ticketing SystemIntelligent TransportationSmart City Traffic Improvement with Intelligent Transportation SystemTraffic Monitoring and Plate Recognition for Highway SurveillancePoE Networks for Intersection CCTV SurveillanceOil and GasRemote Pipeline MonitoringPower SubstationsSecurity Monitoring Network for Power Substation Access ControlContainer T erminal AutomationReliable PoE Networks for Crane OCR SystemsLear more about Moxa PoE solutions, please visit: https:///mat/anz/poe-solutions/index.htmRequirements• A reliable cellular communication and networking solution for real-time monitoringof autonomous mining trucks• A compact, robust design for on-board equipment that withstands constantvibration and harsh environments• PoE switches for powering the powered devices (PDs) on trucks• Ease of configuring and diagnosingWhy Moxa• High MTBF and five-year warranty• Anti-shock and anti-vibration PoE switches, IP cameras, remote I/O, and industrialcomputers with M12 connectors, all with dust-tight IP rating• OnCell LTE Cat 4 cellular router featuring VPN, firewall, and NAT functions toprotect internal networks from unauthorized access• Fanless design that delivers outstanding thermal performance• Awarded multiple industry certifications• ABC-01 Series configurators offer automatic network configuration backup andrestoration, improving maintenance efficiency while reducing system downtime•Up to 2 Gigabit ports with optional bypass relayfunction• 8 PoE and Ethernet combo ports compliant withIEEE 802.3at/af• 30 W maximum per PoE port with a total powerbudget of 120 W• Intel® Celeron®/Intel® Core™ i3/i5/i7high-performance processors• 2 hot-swappable HDD/SSD slots, 2 Mini PCIeexpansion slots• M12 connectors• Support global cellular bands, including those inAmerica, Australia, Europe, Asia, and Japan• Advanced cybersecurity features, includingsecure boot, VPN, firewall, and NAT• Rugged and compact designMoxa ProductsEN 50155 M12 ManagedPoE SwitchesEN 50155 x86 IndustrialComputersIndustrial LTE Cat 4Secure Cellular RoutersTN-5500A SeriesV2406C SeriesOnCell G4300-LTE4 SeriesCCTV SurveillanceMining LocomotivesRequirements• Continuous CCTV monitoring with crystal-clear image quality and a widedynamic range suitable for both dark and light environments• High-performance video streams for smooth video surveillance• Vibration, humidity, and dust-resistant devices with a temperature tolerancerange of -40 to 75°C and ability to withstand harsh environmentsWhy Moxa• EN 50155 IP cameras provide superior image quality under any lightingcondition• Optimal streaming performance in low-bandwidth environments and easymonitoring of devices’ operation status in the driver’s cabin• Compact, industrial-grade switches to power up cameras• Computers, switches, IP cameras, and panel displays are all equipped withM12 connectors for enhanced anti-shock and anti-vibration performance• High MTBF & five-year warranty• M12 connectors• Up to 8 IEEE 802.3af compliant PoE and Ethernetcombo ports• IEEE 802.3/802.3u/802.3x support•-40 to 75°C wide operating temperature range•Intel® Celeron®/Intel® Core™ i3/i5/i7 high-performance processors for network video recorder• 2 hot-swappable HDD/SSD slots, 2 Mini PCIeexpansion slots• M12 connectors• Clear color image output during day and night• High quality image performance in changing lightingconditions• Built-in IR illuminator and ICR for low lux environments• Up to 3 H.264 or MJPEG independent video streams• 10/12-inch panel computer• Intel Atom® processor E3845 1.91 GHz• 1000-nit sunlight-readable LCD• Wide operating temperature range of -40 to 70°Cwithout a fan or heaterMoxa ProductsEN 50155 M12 UnmanagedPoE SwitchesEN 50155 x86 IndustrialComputersEN 50155 720P IPCamerasEN 50155 720P IPCamerasEN 50155 x86 IndustrialPanel ComputersTN-5308A SeriesV2406C SeriesVPort P16-1MP-M12 SeriesVPort P16-1MP-M12-IR SeriesMPC-2101/2121 SeriesSecurity MonitoringRequirements• PoE to connect and power IP cameras, security devices, and Wi-Fi accesspoints (APs)• Compact devices that fit in confined spaces• Rugged design with high vibration resistance to withstand the environmentalhazards of mining sitesWhy Moxa• MDS-G4000 Series’ modular, flexible design provides up to 24 PoE ports, whichnot only supply sufficient power to numerous IP cameras and Wi-Fi APs, but alsoallow for future expansion• Rugged, compact housing that fits in confined cabinet spaces• Robust diecast frame can withstand 30 G shocks and up to 10 G of force• Hot-swappable modules that can be easily replaced without tools, minimizingdowntime• Wide operating temperature range suitable for outdoor environments•PoE output 36 W per port, 720 W maximum power budget•Hot-swappable modules for uninterrupted operations• Rugged diecast design for harsh environments• -40 to 75°C wide operating temperature range• Dual power inputs• Concurrent dual-band Wi-Fi with aggregated data ratesup to 1.267 Gbps• Easy network setup with NAT• Millisecond-level client-based dual band Turbo Roaming• P68-rated; -40 to 75°C wide operating temperaturerange• IEC 62443-4-2 certified• Visualize the network topology, network traffic, anddevices status in real time• Real-time alert notifications• Ease to manage and configure• Monitor the status of Moxa AWK wireless deviceswith MXview Wireless add-on moduleMoxa Products28G-port Layer 2 FullGigabit Modular ManagedPoE SwitchesIndustrial IEEE 802.11acWireless AP/ClientIndustrial NetworkManagement SoftwareMDS-G4028 SeriesAWK-4252A SeriesMXview One Seriesfor Tramway Ticketing System Requirements • Long-distance data transmission from multiple ticketing kiosks for traffic analysis • Redundant network connectivity to ensure uninterrupted system operations • Industrial-grade durability to withstand onboard shocks and vibrations • Cost-effectiveness Why Moxa • RKS-G4028 Series’ fiber module supports long-distance communication • RKS-G4028 Series with optional 802.3bt PoE module supports 90 W power output per port • Turbo Ring and Turbo Chain technologies support Gigabit network recovery time of less than 50 ms at 250-switch load • RKS-G4028 Series features a wide operating temperature range from -40 to 75˚ C • EN 50121-4 certified to withstand extreme wayside conditions • Complete communication networks with network infrastructure, edge connectivity, and computing solutions to ensure interoperability and reduce system integration costs• Support IEEE 802.3bt PoE up to 90 W output per port• Gigabit Turbo Ring and Turbo Chain (recovery time < 50ms @ 250 switches), and STP/RSTP/MSTP for networkredundancy• Dual isolated power inputs• High EMC immunity• -40 to 75°C wide operating temperature range• Concurrent dual-band Wi-Fi with aggregated data ratesup to 1.267 Gbps• Easy network setup with NAT• Millisecond-level client-based dual band Turbo Roaming• Built-in 2.4 and 5 GHz band pass filter• -40 to 75°C wide operating temperature range• IEC 62443-4-2 certified• Intel ® Celeron ®/Intel ® Core™ i3/i5/i7 high-performanceprocessors for network video recorder• Dual display (HDMI, DP), 4 serial ports, 4 GbE ports,4 DIs, 4 DOs, 4 USB, and 2 Mini PCIe slots• Compliant with EN 50121-4 for wayside applications Moxa Products28G-port Full GigabitRackmount ManagedPoE SwitchesIndustrial IEEE 802.11acWireless AP/Clientx86 Industrial ComputersRKS-G4028 SeriesAWK-3252A SeriesV2403C SeriesSmart City TrafficTransportation SystemRequirements• Effective traffic management solution for communication between vehicles,operators, and onsite control stations• Remote monitoring as part of onsite failure detection• Real-time data collection from various roadside sensors• Robust design that withstands outdoor harsh environmentWhy Moxa• Comprehensive solution for real-time response• Moxa’s V2403C Series is a cutting-edge computing platform that acts as a roadsideunit (RSU) for collecting data from sensors and surveillance videos from cameras.Via Moxa’s EDS-4012 Series managed switches, it also serves as a bridge betweenedge computing devices and the ITS server for real-time communication.• Moxa’s EDS-4012 Series managed PoE switches supply adequate power to IPcameras for surveillance, and to Wi-Fi APs for municipal free internet service.• Moxa’s Turbo Ring technology ensures a network recovery time of less than 20 msand STP/ RSTP/MSTP offers network redundancy, thereby helping maintain stablenetworks for real-time communication.• Industry certified for secure and stable operation under harsh conditions•High-capacity 90 W IEEE 802.3bt PoE per port• Fast Ethernet switches with the option for 4 Gigabit SFPuplink ports• Fast recovery time (< 20 ms @ 250 switches)• Compliant with the IEC 62443-4-2 cybersecurity standard• Dual power inputs•Dual display (HDMI, DP), 4 serial ports, 4 GbE ports,4 DIs, 4 DOs, 4 USB, and 2 Mini PCIe slots• Cellular and Wi-Fi 5 wireless capability with GigabitEthernet• Certified by Azure and AWS• Power ignition management• -40 to 70˚ C wide operating temperature range• Visualize the network topology and status formaximum visibility• Real-time alert notifications to respond swiftlyand minimize downtime• Easily manage and configure Moxa networkdevices remotelyMoxa Products8+4G-port Managed EthernetSwitches with 8 802.3bt PoEPorts OptionRugged IIoT EmbeddedComputerEDS-4012 SeriesV2403C SeriesIndustrial NetworkManagement SoftwareMXview One SeriesTraffic Monitoring andPlate Recognition forHighway SurveillanceRequirements• High-bandwidth fiber network backbone to transmit high volumes of data back tothe control center• High tolerance for outdoor operations• 802.3bt PoE and high power PoE for powering outdoor PTZ IP cameras• Network redundancy with secure data encryption capabilities• Real-time monitoring of events and network statusWhy Moxa• High bandwidth supports HD CCTV throughput• Fanless design that features a wide operating temperature range from -40 to 75°C• 90 W PoE for PTZ cameras (Smart PoE automatically configures the switch for upto 90 W power supply as required)• Supports Turbo Ring and Turbo Chain featuring less than 20 ms networkredundancy• NEMA TS2 certification• MXview One Series real-time network management tool provides intuitive, easy-to-use visualization tailored for automation engineers• Support for IEEE 802.3bt PoE for up to 90 W outputper port• Extensive power input options• Compact and flexible housing• Compliant with IEC 62443-4-2 industrial cybersecuritystandards• Turbo Ring and Turbo Chain (recovery time < 20 ms @250 switches), and RSTP/STP for network redundancy• Visualize the network topology and status formaximum visibility• Real-time alert notifications to respond swiftlyand minimize downtime• Easily manage and configure Moxa networkdevices remotelyMoxa ProductsIndustrial Network Management SoftwareMXview One Series8-port Managed Ethernet Switches withOptions of 4 802.3bt PoE Ports or 4 GigabitUplink PortsEDS-4008 SeriesPoE Networks for Intersection CCTV Surveillance Requirements • HD CCTV surveillance systems to be installed as part of a nationwide municipal public safety program with a limited budget • Both PoE and existing non-PoE IP cameras for real-time intersection traffic monitoring • Limited space for additional installation and cabling • Systems must withstand outdoor conditions Why Moxa • EDS-P206A-4PoE Series unmanaged PoE switches and SPL-24 Series PoE splitters offer cost-effective PoE solutions that can be implemented at a national scale and integrate with existing devices • Wide operating temperature range from -40 to 75˚ C and high MTBF to withstand extreme weather conditions • Small form factor offers installation flexibility• IEEE 802.3af/at compliant PoE and Ethernetcombo ports• Maximum 30 W output per PoE port• 12/24/48 VDC redundant power inputs• Intelligent power consumption detection andclassification• -40 to 75°C wide operating temperature range•IEEE 802.3af compliant; splits power and data from PoE equipment• Support maximum output power of 12.95 W at 24 VDC• Short-circuit protection for power output• -40 to 75°C wide operating temperature range Moxa Products6-port Unmanaged EthernetSwitches with 4 IEEE802.3af/at PoE PortsPoE SplittersEDS-P206A SeriesSPL-24 SeriesRequirements• Long-distance Gigabit network backhaul to connect subsystems in the field• Reduce power cabling issues for remote IP cameras and other PDs• Reliable, high-density Ethernet switches with multiple interfaces that can aggregatereal-time video, voice, and data from remote subsystems• Resilient industrial-grade devices that can operate in harsh conditions• Din-rail design to fit inside cabinetsWhy Moxa• Modular switches with fiber interfaces to connect pipeline subsystems to theremote control center over long distances• Adequate PoE power supply• Gigabit Turbo Ring supports network recovery time less than 50 ms• Fanless, compact, and rugged ATEX Zone 2-and C1D2-certified designfeaturing DIN-rail installation• MXview One Series network management software offers real-time monitoringof network status from the control center• PoE output 36 W per pot, maximum 720 W powerbudget• Hot-swappable modules for uninterrupted operations• Rugged die-cast design for harsh environments• -40 to 75°C wide operating temperature range• Dual power input• HTML5 dashboards for easy configuration• Gigabit Turbo Ring and Turbo Chain networkredundancy (recovery time < 50 ms @ 250 switches)• Visualize the network topology and status formaximum visibility• Real-time alert notifications to respond swiftly andminimize downtime• Easily manage and configure Moxa network devicesremotelyMoxa Products20G-port Layer 2Full Gigabit ModularManaged PoE SwitchesMDS-G4020 SeriesIndustrial NetworkManagement SoftwareMXview One SeriesControl Requirements • Millisecond-level recovery networks to connect more than 150 substations nationwide • 24/7 reliability for continuous security monitoring • Connectivity and availability during EMI and surge conditions • Reduce power cabling issues for remote IP cameras and VoIP • Real-time monitoring and management to reduce costly visits to remote unmanned locations Why Moxa • EDS-P510A Series PoE switches allow for high bandwidth, long-distance transmission as well as PoE+ power supply to remote powered devices • EDS-P510A Series and IKS-G6728A Series support Turbo Ring and Turbo Chain network redundancy • Industrial-grade products designed to withstand harsh operating conditions • Embedded Smart PoE function enables the EDS-P510A Series PoE switches to detect failures and auto-reboot powered devices to ensure continuous operation • 8 built-in PoE ports compliant with IEEE 802.3af/at • Up to 36 W output per PoE+ port• 3 kV LAN surge protection• PoE diagnostics for powered-device mode analysis • 2 Gigabit combo ports for high-bandwidth and long-distance communication• Gigabit Turbo Ring and Turbo Chain (recovery time < 50 ms @ 250 switches), and STP/RSTP/MSTP for network redundancy• 1 kV LAN surge protection• 4 Gigabit combo ports for high-bandwidth communication• 8 built-in PoE ports compliant with IEEE 802.3af/at, with a 36 W maximum output per PoE+ port (IKS-6728A-8PoE)• Visualize the network topology and status for maximum visibility• Real-time alert notifications to respond swiftly and minimize downtime• Easily manage and configure Moxa network devices remotely Moxa Products8+2G-port Gigabit ManagedPoE Switches24+4G-port Gigabit Rackmount Managed Ethernet SwitchesEDS-P510A SeriesIKS-6728A SeriesIndustrial NetworkManagement SoftwareMXview One SeriesRequirements• PoE switches to overcome wire-deployment obstacles at height or on the ground• Each port supplies 60 W power to high-resolution cameras, including PTZ cameras,for accurate container recognition• Robust switches must withstand outdoor environments, particularly constantexposure to humid and salt-rich coastal air• High-reliability networks to ensure real-time image processing and transmission• User-friendly network management software that allows operators to manage thecrane OCR system network remotely and effectivelyWhy Moxa• Complete PoE switches portfolio that satisfies all IP camera power sourcingrequirements• To power up multiple cameras, the EDS-P506E-4PoE Series supports up to four 60W PoE ports with a 180 W power budget• High EMI protection, a fanless design for harsh outdoor environments, and a wideoperating temperature range from -40 to 75°C• Smart PoE function supports automatic powered device (PD) failure detectionand rebooting for network recovery, eliminating or minimizing the need for manualinspection or maintenance• MXview One Series network management software features real-time visualizationof network status to improve crane OCR system reliability•8 built-in PoE ports compliant with IEEE 802.3af/at•Up to 36 W output per PoE+ port• 3 kV LAN surge protection• PoE diagnostics for powered-device mode analysis• 2 Gigabit combo ports for high-bandwidth and long-distance communication• Built-in 4 PoE+ ports support up to 60 W outputper port• Wide-range power inputs of 12/24/48 VDC• Smart PoE functions for remote power devicediagnosis and failure recovery• 2 Gigabit combo ports for high-bandwidthcommunication• Visualize the network topology and status formaximum visibility• Real-time alert notifications to respond swiftly andminimize downtime• Easily manage and configure Moxa network devicesremotelyMoxa Products8+2G-port Gigabit ManagedPoE Switches4+2G-port Gigabit ManagedEthernet Switches with 4PoE Ports Compliant withIEEE 802.3af/atEDS-P510A SeriesEDS-P506E SeriesIndustrial NetworkManagement SoftwareMXview One Series。
MOSAvoip解决方案
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX公司话音通讯系统解决方案目录一、需求分析 (3)1.1系统现状 (3)1.2 对组网与设备的需求 (3)二、解决方案 (4)2.1方案描述 (4)2.2设备选择 (4)2.3 方案特点 (4)2.4 拨号策略 (5)2.5 方案结构图 (5)2.6系统配置 (6)三、投资回报 (6)3.1公司现有电话成本 (6)3.2、投资回报 (7)四、系统的安装及维护 (7)五、产品介绍 (7)5.1 前言 (8)5.2 V oIP简介 (8)5.3 Mosa 4600 Plus简介 (8)六、南方华信科技有限简介 (17)七、系统的安装及工程人员配置 (20)系统的安装 (20)八、安装环境要求 (20)8.1 设备维护环境 (20)8.2 电源及接地 (20)8.3 语音交换机的设定 (21)8.4 数据交换机的设定 (21)九、售后服务 (21)9.1技术支持服务特色 (21)附录一MOSA IP-PBX产品典型应用案例及客户 (22)Mosa产品客户 (22)MOSA IP-PBX产品典型应用案例 (23)附录二2005/2006年国际电子产品博览会语音网关唯一获奖产品 (28)一、需求分析1.1系统现状XXXXXXXXX公司在等地有分公司,总部设在。
各公司都连入了因特网。
各个分公司的电话采用程控交换机PBX方式。
XXXXXXX公司拥有多家分支机构，建立一个功能强大、稳定而且先进的语音网关系统才能满足公司业务发展的需要。
1.2 对组网与设备的需求1、网络电话不能影响原有各地之间的网络，要求语音网关必须具有占用带宽小、稳定、灵活的功能。
2、安装配置总部和分公司的网络电话，共计3个点。
3、系统能够提供最简码拨码，便于分公司或下设机构快速通话。
4、语音网关应支持多种网络管理方式，能够实现各种近端和远程的管理。
5、提供尽可能多的增值服务。
二、解决方案2.1方案描述在各地共安装两个内线8口板和一个内线3口板，与语音网关连接。
许继保护使用说明书
3.2
发电机不完全纵差保护........................................................................................................................ 19
3.3
发电机裂相横差保护............................................................................................................................ 19
2.8
机械性能................................................................................................................................................ 18
2.7
寿命........................................................................................................................................................ 18
2.9
环境条件................................................................................................................................................ 18
雷电防护基础
雷电防护基础作者：TIMES 转贴自：防雷技术论坛雷电防护基础现代防雷技术的特点现代防雷技术的理论基础在于：闪电是电流源，防雷的基本途径就是要提供一条雷电流（包括雷电电磁脉冲辐射）对地泄放的合理的阻抗路径，而不能让其随机性选择放电通道，简言之就是要控制雷电能量的泄放与转换。
德国专家希曼斯基在《过电压保护理论与实践中》提出了现代防雷保护的三道防线：外部保护---将绝大部分雷电流直接引入地下泄散；内部保护及过电压保护----阻塞沿电源线或数据线、信号线引入的侵入波危害设备；过电压保护----限制被保护设备上雷电过电压幅值。
这三道防线相互配合，各尽其职，缺一不可。
IECLPZ防雷分区按电磁兼容的原理把信息系统所在建筑物或构筑物按需要保护的空间由外到内分为不同的雷电防护区(LPZ),以确定各LPZ空间的雷击电磁脉冲的强度及应采取的防护措施。
雷电防护区可分为：直击雷非防护区（LPZOA）：本区内的各类物体完全暴露在外部防雷装置的保护范围之外，都可能遭到直接雷击；本区内的电磁场未得到任何屏蔽衰减，属完全暴露的不设防区。
直击雷防护区（LPZ0B）：本区内的各类物体处在外部防雷装置保护范围之内，应不可能遭到大于所选滚球半径雷电流直接雷击；但本区内的电磁场未得到任何屏蔽衰减，属充分暴露的直击雷防护区。
第一屏蔽防护区（LPZ1）：本区内的各物体不可能遭到直接雷击，流经各类导体的电流比LPZ0B区进一步减小；且由于建筑物的屏蔽措施，本区内的电磁场强度也已得到了初步的衰减。
第二屏蔽防护区（LPZ2）：为进一步减小所导引的电流或电磁场而增设的后续防护区。
第三屏蔽防护区（LPZ3）需要进一步减小雷击电磁脉冲，以保护敏感设备的后续防护区。
过电压造成建（构）筑物及设备损坏的几个方面(1)雷电A.直击雷：是指雷电直接击在建筑物构架、动植物上，因电效应、热效应和机械效应等造成建筑物等损坏以及人员的伤亡。
一般防直击雷是通过避雷装置即接闪器（针、带、网、线、）引下线构成完整的电气通路后将雷电流泄入大地。
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選擇Ping 回應模式
7
適用版本：V3.07.0 (2010/08/12) 以後版本
將主機對 Ping TCP封包或無效的UDP封包回應的模式，改成【不回應】或是 【每秒最多回應5個Ping】 減少回應無效的封包，提高系統穩定性!
選擇Ping 回應模式
啟動黑名單機制
8
適用版本：V3.07.0 (2010/08/12) 以後版本
建議!! 增加密碼強度
4
適用版本：V3.07.0 (2010/08/12) 以後版本
增加SIP分機註冊密碼安全性：
將密碼的強度設定為加強，密碼必須為8碼以上、英文與數字混合。 增加密碼被攻破的難度，可降低被猜中註冊盜打的機率，減少客訴 。
調整分機撥打權限
5
依照分機使用者來修改撥打自動路由權限，與長控等級權限。 避免被盜打昂貴的國際電話。
CLI session with the system is open. To end the CLI session, enter [Exit].
MOSA4604 IP PBX>enable Telnet進設備的第一層密碼 MOSA4604 IP PBX#config Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z MOSA4604 IP PBX(config)#password console read 123456 MOSA4604 IP PBX(config)#password console write 123456 MOSA4604 IP PBX(config)# 進入Enable層的密碼
CLI session with the system is open. To end the CLI session, enter [Exit].
IP PBX>enable IP PBX#config Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z IP PBX(config)#service_port web 6080 將WEB Port改成6080 System need to restart IP PBX(config)#service_port telnet 6023 將Telnet Port改成6023 System need to restart IP PBX(config)#service_port ftp 6021 將FTP Port改成6021 System need to restartge (Asia Pacific) Ltd.
Anson
Anson@mosa.hk
QQ : 1285072368
IP Phone 註冊時，資訊記得要更改為MOSA IP-PBX使用的SIP信令端口。
更改MOSA主機 Service Port
3
修改主機的Service Port：
修改主機的WEB Port、Telnet Port、FTP Port(出廠預設為80、23、21) 請修改為非標準端口，避免被駭客鎖定標準端口不斷攻擊，而影響系統穩定 性及語音品質。
未使用的SIP Line 分機端口，請將其 狀態設為關閉，需 要使用時再開啟。
設定白名單機制
6
適用版本：V3.07.0 (2010/08/12) 以後版本 可以增設IP範圍
輸入您會遠端登入管理的外部IP。非白名單內IP來的TCP封包直接drop 不回應 此設定需小心，以免造成無法連入WEB。
請輸入可供遠端管理的IP 如59.100.200.111
MOSA主機可自動閉鎖已用錯誤密碼來註冊超過多次的SIP用戶 黑名單機制的登錄閉鎖時間設定為0表示不啟用，建議設定最大值255 (出廠預設值) 延遲被攻擊成功的時間!
修改WEB登入密碼
9
預設帳號為WEB、密碼空白，請設定一組登入密碼。
修改Telnet & FTP登入密碼
10
預設密碼空白，請設定一組登入密碼。
1
MOSA IP-PBX防駭措施
2010/12/10
建議!! 更改MOSA主機SIP 信令端口
2
SIP信令端口預設為UDP 5060 (V3.07.2出廠值將會更改) 請修改為非標準端口，避免被駭客鎖定SIP標準信令端口不斷嘗試註冊，而影響 系統穩定性及語音品質，也避免盜打電話。
若MOSA是透過寬頻路由器上網，未使用遠端分機，路由器端可不開放SIP信令 端口。