讲解__名词性从句.ppt
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名词性从句PPT课件
1.概念 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合 句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介 词宾语等, 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能, 名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、 表语从句和同位语从句。
Who will win the match is still unknown.
whichever (book) you like.
whose
• Whose表示“谁的”。 • 在句子中充当定语的成分，其后一定会加
when, where, how, why, however… when, where, how, why, however…
that的用法
• 在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何具体意思。 • 引导的句子相当于一个陈述句。 • 只起到连接的作用。
主语 做及物动词宾语
宾语 做介词宾语
表语 同位语
一般不省略 可以省略 不可以省略 一般不省略 一般不省略
(3) It ＋ 不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… It appears that… 似乎…
(4) It is ＋ 过去分词＋从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It has been proved that… 已证实… It is said that… 据说…
He doesn’t know whether to stay or not. E) 后面紧接or not 时。如：
We didn’t know whether or not she was ready.
② 关联词只能用 whether或if, 不能用 that的情况如下：
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合 句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介 词宾语等, 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能, 名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、 表语从句和同位语从句。
Who will win the match is still unknown.
whichever (book) you like.
whose
• Whose表示“谁的”。 • 在句子中充当定语的成分，其后一定会加
when, where, how, why, however… when, where, how, why, however…
that的用法
• 在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何具体意思。 • 引导的句子相当于一个陈述句。 • 只起到连接的作用。
主语 做及物动词宾语
宾语 做介词宾语
表语 同位语
一般不省略 可以省略 不可以省略 一般不省略 一般不省略
(3) It ＋ 不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… It appears that… 似乎…
(4) It is ＋ 过去分词＋从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It has been proved that… 已证实… It is said that… 据说…
He doesn’t know whether to stay or not. E) 后面紧接or not 时。如：
We didn’t know whether or not she was ready.
② 关联词只能用 whether或if, 不能用 that的情况如下：
高考英语语法完全讲解——名词性从句课件(共17张PPT)
三、what/whatever与
which/whichever的区别
what/whatever意为“什么/无论什么”，描述的事物在上下 文中没有范围；which/whichever意为“哪个/无论哪个”， 描述的事物在上下文中有范围。 To be honest, I can hardly understand what/whatever you have said. Here is the dress. This is what I have been dreaming of. Here are many beautiful dresses. You can choose whichever you like.
高考英语语法完全讲解 名词性从句
定义及分类
在句中起到名词所能充当的句子成分的从句称之 为名词性从句，名词常用来作主语、宾语、表语、 同位语，因此，对应的名词性从句可以分为四大 类：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从 句。
主句从句
1、作句子主语的从句叫作主语从句。 2、为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从 句，把主语从句置于句尾。常用的句型有：It is/was+ 形容词/名词/过去分词+that从句。
表语从句
位于系动词之后作表语的从句叫表语从句。 The problem is who is to pay and when we can start.
同位语从句
同位语从句说明其前面名词的具体内容。通常由that引 导，常接同位语从句的名词有：news, conclusion, possibility, rumor, certainty, story, word, mystery, idea, doubt, hope, truth, question, belief, fact, message, evidence, information, explanation, rule, probability, question, wish, thought, statement, report, opinion, principle等。
高中英语名词性从句课件(共42张ppt)
China is no longer _w__h_a_t_ it used to be.
4. A modern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland ten years ago. （天津） A. what B. which C. that D. where
which
作主/宾/
3. 连接副词： when、 where、why、ho表w
作状语
主语从句一般有三种结构： 1. 主语从句+谓语 That she will win the match is certain. 2.主语从句+形容词（名词词组、过去分词）+that从句
It is important that we teens should learn English. It is a good news that he will attend the meeting on behalf of our school.
1. __T_h_a__t _ he said so made us angry . _W___h_a_t_ he said at the meeting made us angry.
2. A computer can only do___w__h_a_t__ you have
instructed it to do. （全国） 3. 中国不再是过去的样子了。
It looks as if it’s going to rain.
3.the reason why … is that … 和It is because …等结构。
It was because I got up late.
同位语从句在句中作同位语，它一般要放在主 句中某些名词的后面，说明这些名词的含义。可跟 同位语从句的名词主要有： fact, news, promise, reason, idea, hope, word, belief等。 如：
4. A modern city has been set up in ______ was a wasteland ten years ago. （天津） A. what B. which C. that D. where
which
作主/宾/
3. 连接副词： when、 where、why、ho表w
作状语
主语从句一般有三种结构： 1. 主语从句+谓语 That she will win the match is certain. 2.主语从句+形容词（名词词组、过去分词）+that从句
It is important that we teens should learn English. It is a good news that he will attend the meeting on behalf of our school.
1. __T_h_a__t _ he said so made us angry . _W___h_a_t_ he said at the meeting made us angry.
2. A computer can only do___w__h_a_t__ you have
instructed it to do. （全国） 3. 中国不再是过去的样子了。
It looks as if it’s going to rain.
3.the reason why … is that … 和It is because …等结构。
It was because I got up late.
同位语从句在句中作同位语，它一般要放在主 句中某些名词的后面，说明这些名词的含义。可跟 同位语从句的名词主要有： fact, news, promise, reason, idea, hope, word, belief等。 如：
初中英语名词性从句详解(共43张PPT)
4. 据说他已告诉了她一切.
It is said that he told her everything.
It is said只有 it 句型
More
注意: It looked that he was right. ( × ) 可以说: It looks as if….
用形式主语 it 的主语从句常见结构
stay.
b.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if. eg: I worry about whether I hurt
her feeling.
Practice time
if / whether
1. I asked her __if__/_w_h_e_t_he_rshe had a bike. 3. We’re worried about ________ he is safe. 4. I don’t know _________w__hehtheeirs well or not. 5. I don’t know ___w_h_e_th_e_ro/rifnot he is well. 8. I don’t know _______ to go.
4. This school is no longer what it was before. 这所学校已不再是从前的那个样子了. what =the thing that
More
注意下列表语从句中where, how, why 的译法
1. This is where Lu Xun once lived. 这就是鲁迅曾经住过的地方.
Note: It is important/necessary/natural/our duty/essential/strange
that sb (should) do sth. 固定句型, should可以省略
It is said that he told her everything.
It is said只有 it 句型
More
注意: It looked that he was right. ( × ) 可以说: It looks as if….
用形式主语 it 的主语从句常见结构
stay.
b.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if. eg: I worry about whether I hurt
her feeling.
Practice time
if / whether
1. I asked her __if__/_w_h_e_t_he_rshe had a bike. 3. We’re worried about ________ he is safe. 4. I don’t know _________w__hehtheeirs well or not. 5. I don’t know ___w_h_e_th_e_ro/rifnot he is well. 8. I don’t know _______ to go.
4. This school is no longer what it was before. 这所学校已不再是从前的那个样子了. what =the thing that
More
注意下列表语从句中where, how, why 的译法
1. This is where Lu Xun once lived. 这就是鲁迅曾经住过的地方.
Note: It is important/necessary/natural/our duty/essential/strange
that sb (should) do sth. 固定句型, should可以省略
高中英语语法-名词性从句精讲(共73张PPT)
Whoever wants the book may have it. I’ll do whatever I can to help him. Buy whichever is cheapest.
连接副词 when, where, how, why
when • When they will start is unknown yet. where • Where she has gone is a mystery. how • How this happened is not clear. why • Why he did that wasn’t quite unclear.
主语从句关联词 连词 that, whether 连接代词 what, who, whom, which 连接副词 when, where, how, why
连词 that, whether
只起连接作用 在从句中不充当任何句子成分
• That he will win is certain.
• It has been reported that sales of beef in China will increase.
宾语从句关联词 连词 that, whether; if 连接代词 what, who, whom, whose, which 连接副词 when, where, how, why
• I doubt _______ he will come soon. • I do not doubt _____ he will come soon. • Do you doubt _____ he will come soon?
• what surprised me was what he said.
名词性从句讲解(共30张PPT)
This is his job. This is what he does every day.
I don’t like his job. I don’t like what he does every day.
I don’t know about the man, Mr. White. I don’t know about the fact that he is a teacher.
主语
表语
4. This is what he does every day.
主语
表语
5. I don’t like what he does every day. 动词宾语
主语
宾语
英语句子的种类
简单句 (simple sentence) 并列句 (compound sentence) 复合句 (complex sentence)
❖Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. ❖She says (that) she won’t take part in the sports meeting next Sunday. ❖Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party.
引导词
连词 that, whether, if
疑问代词 who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whatever等
疑问副词 when, where, why, how等
Object Clause 宾语从句
1. I know him . （简单句）
主语 谓语 宾语
think, find, consider, believe, feel, make
I don’t like his job. I don’t like what he does every day.
I don’t know about the man, Mr. White. I don’t know about the fact that he is a teacher.
主语
表语
4. This is what he does every day.
主语
表语
5. I don’t like what he does every day. 动词宾语
主语
宾语
英语句子的种类
简单句 (simple sentence) 并列句 (compound sentence) 复合句 (complex sentence)
❖Lin Tao feels (that) his own team is even better. ❖She says (that) she won’t take part in the sports meeting next Sunday. ❖Jim thought (that) the train was like a big moving party.
引导词
连词 that, whether, if
疑问代词 who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whatever等
疑问副词 when, where, why, how等
Object Clause 宾语从句
1. I know him . （简单句）
主语 谓语 宾语
think, find, consider, believe, feel, make
名词性从句PPT课件
语态：被动语态和主动语态
被动语态
表示动作的接受者是主语，如 "The book was written by him."中的主语从句"The book was written"使用被动语态。
主动语态
表示动作的执行者是主语，如 "He wrote the book."中的主语 从句"He wrote the book"使用 主动语态。
抽象名词翻译
在汉译英时，有时需要将具体 名词抽象化，以使译文更加符
合英语表达习惯。
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04 名词性从句的特殊结构
it作形式主语
形式主语用于代替主 语从句，避免句子结 构不平衡。
It is important that we should learn English well.
It is+形容词/名词 +that+主语从句。
强调句型中的名词性从句
01
It
is/was+被强调部分
+that/who+句子其余部分。
表示现在的动作或状态，如"I know who he is."中的宾语 从句"who he is"使用现在时态。
过去时态
表示过去的动作或状态，如"He said that he was a student."中的宾语从句"he was a student"使用过去时态。
将来时态
表示将来的动作或状态，如"I will tell you what will happen."中的宾语从句"what will happen"使用将来时态。
高中英语名词性从句课件(38张ppt)
The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.
(that在从句中不充当任何成份)
The idea （that/which） he gave surprises many people．
(that在从句中作gave 的宾语)
宾语从句须注意
1) 由疑问词引导的从句中, 词序按陈述句 顺序排列。
e.g. I wonder what he is doing. 注意：I wonder what was wrong /the matter
with him. 2)当主句的谓语动词是过去时的时候, 从句的 谓语动词应用相应的过去时。自然规律和客观 真理例外。
4) That在其他名词性从句中均不可省略，只有 在宾语从句中that有时可以省略，但在并列 的宾语从句中第二个that 不可省略。
e.g. He said (that) he would leave and that he would never come back again.
5) 否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, 等, 其后的宾语 从句若含有否定意义, 一般要把否定词转移到 主句谓语上, 从句谓语用肯定式。 e.g. I /we don’t think this dress fits you Well, does it?
3. 连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,whose, which（哪个）： 不仅起到连接一个句子的作用,同时也是从句 的一个组成部分；从句不完整，缺成份。
(that在从句中不充当任何成份)
The idea （that/which） he gave surprises many people．
(that在从句中作gave 的宾语)
宾语从句须注意
1) 由疑问词引导的从句中, 词序按陈述句 顺序排列。
e.g. I wonder what he is doing. 注意：I wonder what was wrong /the matter
with him. 2)当主句的谓语动词是过去时的时候, 从句的 谓语动词应用相应的过去时。自然规律和客观 真理例外。
4) That在其他名词性从句中均不可省略，只有 在宾语从句中that有时可以省略，但在并列 的宾语从句中第二个that 不可省略。
e.g. He said (that) he would leave and that he would never come back again.
5) 否定的转移 若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, 等, 其后的宾语 从句若含有否定意义, 一般要把否定词转移到 主句谓语上, 从句谓语用肯定式。 e.g. I /we don’t think this dress fits you Well, does it?
3. 连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,whose, which（哪个）： 不仅起到连接一个句子的作用,同时也是从句 的一个组成部分；从句不完整，缺成份。
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名词demand, suggestion, proposal, advice 等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气, 结构为 should + do, should 可省略
He gave me a suggestion that I ( should ) be calm now.
宾语从句的时态呼应
同位语从句
名词从句
在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于 名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、 表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在 句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句在功能上相当于名词
inspired us. 5.I don’t think it necessary _t_h_a_t_____ you should
read English aloud. 6.He told me __(_t_h_a_t)____ his father had died
and ____th_a_t____ he had to make a living alone.
他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。
How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( F ) How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( T )
你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？
Could you tell me where he lives?
1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的 具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且 在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分 时可省略。
2.同位语从句对中 心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明， 表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体 含义,且不可省略.
Attributive or Appositive
1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed. AT 2. We expressed the hope that they would come
to China again. AP
1.The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university. AP 2.The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value. AT
江苏教育学院附属高级中学 蔡勇
Practice:
1.___A___ the baby could speak made his parents very happy. A. That B. What C. Why D. If 主语从句
2. I wonder __C__ you will go shopping or stay at home. A. that B. if C. whether D. what 宾语从句
that / what
1.__W__h_a_t he wants is a book. 2. __T__h_a_t he wants to go there is obvious. 3.The result is _t_h_a_t__ we won the game.
4.This is _w_h__at_ we want to know. 5.Is _w__h_a_t he told us true ? 6.We should pay attention to _w__h_a_t_ the teacher is
1. 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语 可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态. a .他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的. He bei_ll_c_o_m__e_t_r_u_e_s_o_m_ e. day b .请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么. Please tell me __w_h__a_t _y_o_u_w__e_re__d_o_in_g__a_t_t_h_is_.time yesterday
3. This is __C___ he was often late for school. A. what B. that C. why D. whether 表语从句
4. We all know the truth __B__ the earth ____ around the sun. A. if; moved B. that; moves C. why; move D. whether; move
三、同位语从句的引导和辨别
1.同位语从句的格式：n.+ 连接词 + 从句 2.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea, news,
information, order, belief, suggestion, advice等 3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用
whether, what, when, where 等来引导同位语从句。
8. I don’t know w__h_e_t_h_e_r to go.
其它连接代词和副词的连用
主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的 选择who、which、when、where、why、 how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义， 又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。
我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。
引导词that 的省略
that 可省略的情况： 单个宾语从句中的that可省略
that不可省略的情况： a. 主语从句 b.表语从句 c.同位语从句 d.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句 e. 并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的 引导词that 不能省略
that/ (that)
1.I don’t think _(_th__a_t)___ she is coming. 2.It is a pity _t_h_a_t____ he has made such a mistak 3.The reason is __th_a_t_____ he is careless . 4.The news __t_h_a_t___ our team won the match
{His job is important.
主语 What he does is important.
This is his job.
{ 表语 This is what he does every day.
{I don’t like his job.
宾语 I don’t like what he does every day.
should get up earlier and take more exercise. 4.I have no doubt ___t_h_a_t__ he will win. 5. I have some doubt _w__h_e_th_e_r_ he will win.
同位语从句和定语从句的区别
(T )
Could you tell me where does he live? ( F )
二、名词性从句连接词的选用
（1）that 和what 的选用
that 和 what 都可引导所有的名词从句。 但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名 词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主 语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从 句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。
that/ whether / where/ how
1. I have no idea ___w_h_e_r_e__ he comes from. 2. He can’t answer the question ___h_o_w___ he
got the money. 3.He gave us many suggestions ___t_h_a_t __ we
Object clause
3.The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far. Predicative clause
4. She sensed that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark coat. Object clause
saying. 7. I have no doubt _th_a_t__ he will come. 8. I have no ideaw_h_a_t__ he did that afternoon.
if 和whether 的选用
不能使用if 的情况： a. 主语从句 b. 表语从句 c. 同位语从句 e. 介词后的宾语从句 f. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用if to do. g .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.
if / whether 1. I asked heri_f _/__w_h_e_t_h_e_r she had a bike. 2.W__h_e_t_h_erwe will hold a party in the open air
tomorrow depends on the weather.
3. We’re worried about _w_h_e_t_h_e_r_ he is safe. 4. I don’t know _w__h_e_th_e_r_/_i_f _ he is well or not.
5. I don’t knoww_h_e_t_h_e_r__ or not he is well. 6. The question is w__h_e_th_e_r___ he should do it.