上海市浦东新区2017届高三12月教学质量检测(一模)政治试题
浦东新区2016学年度第一学期教学质量检测高三政治试卷考生注意：1．本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间60分钟。
2．本考试分设试卷和答题纸。
试卷包括两部分，第一部分全部为选择题，第二部分为综合题，包括材料分析题、论述题等题型。
3．答题前务必在答题纸上填写姓名、班级。
4．作答必须涂或写在答题纸上。
在试卷上作答一律不得分。
第一部分的作答必须填在答题纸上相应的区域，第二部分的作答必须写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置。
一、单项选择（16小题，48分。
每题只有一个正确答案，选对得3分，错选得0分）1．2016年被誉为“军改元年”，一年来，在正风肃纪、净化军营风气方面已经取得了明显的成效，为全面深化国防和军队改革打下了坚实的基础。
由此可见A．全面军改是巩固人民民主专政的需要B．建设强大国防是青年学生的历史责任C．全面军改是国际军事竞争的必然要求D．改革强军要把思想政治建设摆在首位2．根据第十二届全国人大常委会对《中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法》第104条的解释，“拥护中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法，效忠中华人民共和国香港特别行政区”，既是该条规定的宣誓必须包含的法定内容，也是参选或者出任该条所列公职的法定要求和条件。
这一解释的主旨是A．全国人大常委会有解释法律的权力B．香港必须坚持“一个中国”的原则C．香港特别行政区享有高度的自治权D．公职人员宣誓有利于香港繁荣稳定3．2016年6月16日，国务院办公厅发布《关于加快中西部教育发展的指导意见》，要求实施万名教师支教计划。
在对口支援机制下，每期选派1万名内地教师赴西藏、新疆任教。
万名教师支教西藏、新疆A．是实行民族区域自治制度的客观要求B．旨在提高少数民族人民民主自治能力C．将促进各民族大团结和共同繁荣发展D．有利于建立社会主义新型的民族关系4．下列做法中，符合我国宗教政策的是A．张同学在教堂里做无神论宣传B．某初中王老师在课堂宣传宗教C．刘妈妈强烈要求女儿信仰宗教D．宗教人士张某在政协积极谏言5．下列属于公民直接参与民主决策的是A．苏先生参加职工代表大会讨论绩效工资改革B．谢女士通过人大代表提出改善环境状况建议C．刘先生推选听证会代表参加市电价听证会议D．李女士通过市长信箱建议改善市民医疗条件6．“上海发布”是上海市政府实名认证的政务微博。
五年来，平台及时发布权威的上海政务信息，努力提供涉沪实用资讯，积极与网友开展互动，回应群众关切。
数据显示，“上海发布”微博粉丝近1200万，微信粉丝近260万，影响力始终位居全国政务微博、微信前列，省区市第一。
可见，“上海发布”A．是政府履行经济建设职能的重要窗口B．是建设公正严明法治政府的主要手段C．扩大了公民有序政治参与的民主权利D．有利于建设务实高效透明的服务政府7．2016年12月2日，最高人民法院再审聂树斌故意杀人案改判聂树斌无罪，22年的冤案得以昭雪。
从法制建设基本要求看，最高人民法院纠正冤假错案A．行使了审判权B．符合有法可依C．坚持执法必严D．体现违法必究8．下图反映的是2010-2015年我国城乡居民家庭的恩格尔系数（%）根据上述信息，可以判断A．城乡居民收入差距逐步缩小B．城乡居民消费水平差距缩小C．居民生活从温饱向小康迈进D．城镇居民生活水平提高更快9．下列举措有利于维护消费者受尊重权的是A．网购的消费品可以七天无理由退货B．商家未经同意不得随意打推销电话C．菜场管理人员在出口处放置公平秤D．商家做出所售商品假一赔十的承诺10．近年来，安徽探索“农地经营权+”抵押贷款，农民通过流转土地和地上附着的养殖场、大棚、果树等等能获得更多的贷款。
“农地经营权+地上附着物”抵押贷款方式A．降低了银行放贷的风险B．提高了农村资源利用率C．提升了农地经营的利润D．改变农村主要经济制度11．市场经济以市场作为资源配置的基础性方式和主要手段，合理而有效地配置资源是其主要功能之一。
下列事例中体现这一功能的是A．国庆前后各地密集出台住房限购政策B．国家加大对西部贫困地区的支持力度C．王先生通过众筹平台筹集善款助贫困D．华为智能手机的市场占有率持续增加12．2016年11月18日，神舟十一号飞船返回舱在内蒙古中部预定区域成功着陆，执行飞行任务的航天员景海鹏、陈冬身体状态良好，天宫二号与神舟十一号载人飞行任务取得圆满成功。
此次成功主要说明了A．人的能力受客观物质条件制约B．意识具有能动认识世界的能力C．人能发挥主观能动性利用规律D．要重视关键部分对整体的作用13．政治学中把作为国家制度的民主分为实质民主和程序民主两个方面。
从哲学上看，这两个方面符合下列关系A．原因和结果B．现象和本质C．内容与形式D．必然与偶然14．历史和现实告诉我们：解决中国的问题，关键在党；解决党自身的问题，重点是党的各级领导机关和领导干部，关键是高级干部。
从哲学视角，根据材料可以得出A．人民群众是治国理政的主要方面，决定国家的性质B．从严治党是解决中国问题的“牛鼻子”，起决定作用C．解决党自身的问题除了抓住重点，更不能忽视两点D．高级干部是共产党员的主体，必须抓住关键和主流15．据了解，我国每年因新建、拆除、装修等产生的建筑垃圾约为15．5亿~24亿吨。
如果这些建筑垃圾无法资源化利用，我国每年将要拿出20多万亩土地用于处理建筑垃圾。
下图是两种处理方式对比：对比发现，非传统处理建筑废渣的方式A．坚持理论创新，提升环保意识B．弘扬科学精神，勇于探索创新C．转变发展思路，突出次要矛盾D．发挥能动作用，揭示事物本质16．第十三届全运会将于2017年9月在天津举行。
此次全运会会徽由书法字“津”、“13”、“张开双臂的人形”和“海河”等元素构成，呈“火炬”造型，取名为——奔向未来。
此次全运会会徽设计，从选择构成元素来看，体现的思维方法主要是A．从一般推导出个别B．将部分组合为整体C．概括全运会的历程D．从感性具体到抽象二、单项选择题（4题，共12分。
每题只能选择一个选项，不同选项有不同分值，每题最高为3分。
）17．按照上海市委和市人大常委会的统一部署，区县、乡镇两级人大换届选举工作历时9个多月，16个区县和109个乡镇进行了投票选举，选民参选率95．84%。
材料主要体现了，此次换届选举过程A．必须坚持中国共产党的政治领导B．实行全体选民直接选举人大代表C．是中国根本政治制度的有效实行D．是对基层民主自治的健全和完善18．全面推进依法治国这件大事能不能办好，最关键的是方向是不是正确、政治保证是不是坚强有力，具体讲就是要坚持党的领导，坚持中国特色社会主义制度，贯彻中国特色社会主义法治理论。
党的领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征，是社会主义法治最根本的保证。
中国特色社会主义制度是中国特色社会主义法治体系的根本制度基础，是全面推进依法治国的根本制度保障。
中国特色社会主义法治理论是中国特色社会主义法治体系的理论指导和学理支撑，是全面推进依法治国的行动指南。
这三个方面实质上是中国特色社会主义法治道路的核心要义，规定和确保了中国特色社会主义法治体系的制度属性和前进方向。
——《关于〈中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定〉的说明》全面概括上述材料的实质是A．法治理论规定和确保了法治前进的方向B．我国的法治是中国特色的社会主义法治C．社会主义制度保障了全面推进依法治国D．党和法治的关系是法治建设的核心问题19．下图反映的是我国近几年财政状况。
根据上图信息，可做如下推论A．近四年我国财政赤字率增速逐渐加快B．全国财政赤字明显高于地方财政赤字C．我国实施扩张财政政策增加财政支出D．我国财政收入增长比财政支出增长快20．优秀文艺作品反映着一个国家、一个民族的文化创造能力和水平。
改革开放以来，我国文艺创作迎来了新的春天，产生了大量脍炙人口的优秀作品。
同时，也存在着有数量缺质量、有“高原”缺“高峰”的现象，存在着抄袭模仿、千篇一律的问题，存在着机械化生产、快餐式消费的问题。
这告诉我们，当前的文艺创作A．要重视创作量的积累，创造更多的文艺作品B．要创新文艺作品形式，主动适应市场的节奏C．要适应社会实践需要，坚持不断地推陈出新D．要辩证看待传统作品，学习和借鉴外来文化三、材料分析题（共20分）4620121020304050贫富差距较大对国际和地区和平具有政治混乱，社会动荡国家治理良好，政治稳定倡导国际合作，对世界各民族融合发展四、论述题（共20分）22．《中国制造2025》全面开启了中国制造由大变强之路，这必将全面提升中国制造业的发展质量和水平，促进“中国制造”向“中国智造”转变，迎接世界范围内新一轮科技变革和产业革命的严峻挑战。
人类正在迎来全新的“智”时代，其最鲜明的表征就是，数控和智能化产品，正以不可阻挡之势改变着我们的制造业，也影响着我们的生活。
武汉长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司采用智能化改造的生产工艺、设备，每分钟可拉出3000米的光纤，速度全球第一；三一重工打造工程机械“云端”数据平台，接入了全球212549台工程机械，积累了1000多亿条数据，实现了配件需求的精准预测……无论传统行业还是新兴产业，都面临着信息化和智能化技术带来的巨大改变。
安装了GPS天线、摄像头和雷达传感器的“鸡蛋车”将成为未来道路上自行驾驶的“汽车人”，实现安全驾驶；写字台大小的“迷你医院”将实现远程医患交流与就诊；提供运动负荷心电图的智能衣，将实现更科学的健康指导……中国的高新技术产品将让人们进入智能生活。
结合材料，运用经济常识，从生产和生活的角度阐述“中国智造”的现实意义。
高三政治试卷答案要点及评分标准一、单项选择题（每小题只有一个正确选项，每小题3分，共43分）1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A6．D 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．B11．D 12．C 13．C 14．B 15．B16．B二、单项选择题（每小题只选一个选项，不同选项有不同分值，每小题最高3分，共12分）17．A1分B2分C3分D0分18．A0分B3分C1分D2分19．A2分B1分C3分D0分20．A0分B1分C3分D2分三、材料分析题（共20分）21. 答案示例：（1）A.最大的成就是“经济迅速发展，人民生活水平较高”；最突出的问题是“贫富差距较大”。
（2分）B.处理成就与问题之间关系：一方面要提高效率，促进经济持续增长和人民生活水平不断提高，为促进社会公平奠定基础；另一方面要更加注重社会公平，不断完善分配制度，缩小贫富差距，使发展成果人民共享，实现共同富裕，为社会经济发展增添新的动力。
（4分）（2）A.作为中国公民，要努力向世界传播中国的和平理念，传播中国和平发展的声音，客观真实地把一个和平发展的中国介绍给世界，增强民族自尊心、自信心和自豪感。
（4分）B.作为中国公民，要认真学习宣传我国的对外政策，正确看待国际涉华舆论，不断提高鉴别能力，自觉维护国家利益与安全、维护社会稳定和民族团结。
2017届上海市黄浦区高三上学期期终调研测试(一模)政治试题及答案
黄浦区2017学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试政治试卷（完卷时间：120分钟，满分150分）考生注意：1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须写在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
2．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
一、单项选择题（共90分，每题3分。
每题只有一个正确答案）1．前些天的“双十一”网购狂欢让金融、物流快递的业务量迅猛增长，与此同时一些不真实的需求信息沿着供应链逆流而上，并被逐级放大，亦造成了相当程度的资源浪费。
材料表明A．生产决定消费方式B．消费对生产具有反作用C．消费中要勤俭节约D．市场配置资源最有效率2．9月教育部出台新高考方案，实现两类人才、两种模式的高考。
一种是技术技能人才的高考，考试内容为技能加文化知识；一种是学术型人才的高考，考试内容与现在的高考相似，将两类高考分开。
“两种模式高考”的方案A．能够增加大量的劳动就业岗位B．更加适应我国就业结构的变化C．有利于实现用创业来代替就业D．可以使劳动者树立正确就业观3．今年公布的世界500强企业名单中，中国上榜企业达100家，上榜主体包括68家国有企业，其中，中石化以4572亿美元的收入位居全球第三。
这表明国有经济A．在国民经济中占据主体地位B．以股份制作为主要实现形式C．竞争力和控制力在不断增强D．在国民经济中所占比重最大4．国务院批转的《关于深化收入分配制度改革的若干意见》提出，要根据经济发展、物价变动等因素，适时调整最低工资标准，到绝大多数地区最低工资标准达到当地城镇从业人员平均工资的40%以上。
调整最低工资标准的根本依据是A．当地经济发展水平B．当地物价水平C．当地平均工资水平D．当地城镇化水平5．某商业银行发售的一款理财产品期限为180天，认购金额在5万到10万元之间，预计到期年化收益率（即当前收益率算成年收益率）为6.20%。
一市民购买7万元该产品，其预期收益的计算方法为A．70000×6.20% ÷180 B．70000×6.20%C．70000×6.20%÷365×180 D．70000×6.20%×1806．《政府工作报告》指出，今年居民消费价格涨幅要控制在3.5%左右。
上海市浦东新区区2017-2018学年度高三第一学期期末质量监控英语试卷
上海市浦东新区区2017-2018学年度高三第一学期期末质量监控英语试卷第Ⅰ卷Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension（25 分）Section A – Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a gym. B. In a shoe-repair shop.C. In a department store.D. At a track.2. A. $200. B. $400.C. $250.D. $500.3. A. Take classes. B. Find a job.C. Learn more.D. Get ready for the next term.4. A. To leave her a message with her roommate. B. To solve a problem in his homework.C. To talk with her roommate.D. To ask about his homework.5. A. He likes physics. B. His physics is the best in the class.C. He is working hard at physics.D. His physics is very poor in the class.6. A. A sportsman. B. A doctor.C. A news reporter.D. A game designer.7. A. Unforgettable. B. Impressive.C. Pleasant.D. Disappointing.8. A. Coins and banknotes. B. Weights and measures.C. Shapes and areas.D. Volumes and sizes.9. A. It’s too crowded and he can’t breathe very well. B. The next stop is the terminal station.C. The next stop is their stop.D. A lot of people get off at the next stop.10. A. The Parking places are very far away. B. He had no problem finding the park.C. There is enough parking space.D. He isn’t very good at parking the car.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. The driver took the wrong route. B. He missed his flight.C. He failed to get to the airport.D. His taxi got stuck in a traffic jam.12. A. One of the wings caught fire. B. The plane encountered a strong storm.C. There was something wrong with the engine.D. The hijacker forced the captain to do so.13. A. He had forgotten to lock his front door. B. He had lost his keys to the front door.C. He had left his luggage in the taxi.D. He had picked up the wrong suitcase.Question 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Women now want to be car repairwomen instead of teachers.B. Women tend to do jobs that are traditionally intended for men.C. More girls are choosing fixed jobs in Scotland.D. British women choose non-traditional jobs more than women in other countries.15. A. Because women see many job opportunities on TV.B. Because women feel car repairing is cool on TV.C. Because women are influenced by their stars on TV.D. Because women are told about job choices by career officers on TV.16. A. Britain needs more women to do non-traditional jobs.B. The media should call for women to do non-traditional jobs.C. British women have taken up too many traditional jobs for men.D. The change in men’s attitudes is not important for women job choices.Question 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. For ten years. B. For nine years. C. For eight years. D. For one year.18. A. She is more concentrated on her career. B. She is not sure about the marriage.C. She’s holding hatred against Frank.D. She’s not comfortable with children around.19. A. Keeping persuading Claire. B. Give up and compromise.C. Fight harder with Claire.D. Give Claire some time.20. A. They have just been to Hawaii for a holiday.B. They cannot reach an agreement on having a baby.C. They are planning to get a divorce.D. They are trying to overcome career crisis.Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary（20 分）Section ADirections: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.As a young child, Ann Makosinski would spend hours experimenting with her toys and other everyday objects around her to create her own inventions.Now a first-year Arts student, Makosinski is a well-known inventor and entrepreneu（r创业者）. She won the2015Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award of Excellence,21recognizes innovative business solutions to social problems—the same recognition given to Barack Obama in 2014. Her own inventions, the Hollow Flashlight and the e-Drink, have been causing excitementinternationally 22 their creation.At the age of 15, Makosinski created a prototype（原型）for a flashlight 23 （power） by the heat of one’s hand. This invention was the result of a ninth grade science project, but Makosinski’s goal was 24 （o ffer）a practical solution to people with unlimited access to power and electricity.“I’m half-Filipino and half-Polish, and one of my friends from the Philippines told me that she failed school 25 she couldn’t afford electricity. She had no light to study with at night, so that was kind of the inspiration,”Makosinski explained.“I’ve always been interested in doing science projects, so I thought, why don’t I find a way to provide her and a lot of other people with light?”The Hollow Flashlight is made from Peltier tiles（珀耳贴贴片）that produce energy when one side 26 （heat）and the other side remains cool. The flashlight can produce a steady beam of LED lightfor 20 minutes, 27 （use）only the warmth of the human hand.Her advice to other student innovators?“S tart now. There 28 be nothing holding you back. Some students at colleges or even in high school think‘Oh, I’m a student. I just need to study.’ 29 may think it important to make friends and be social. The truth is, you can do a lot of other things. You can do 30 you want. Just go ahead.”Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. potentiallyB. filmedC. droppedD. commonlyE. treatsF. sympathyG. sensitive H. eyebrow I. domesticated J. selection K. confidentPuppy Dog Eyes Are for the Benefits of HumansDogs make puppy dog eyes for the benefit of humans and rarely use the pleasing facial expression when on their own, a new study has shown.It has long been assumed that animal facial expressions are involuntary and dependent on emotional state rather than a way to communicate.But scientists at the University’s Dog Cognition Centre at Portsmouth University have found that dogs mostly use facial expressions when humans are present, as a direct response to attention. Puppy dog eyes, in which the 31 is raised to make the eyes appear wider and sadder, was foundto be the most 32 used expression in the study. Researchers do not know whether the dogs are aware they look sadder, or have just learned that widening their eyes invites 33 a nd affection in humans.Dog cognition expert Dr Juliane Kaminski: “We can now be 34 that the production of facial expressions made by dogs are dependent on the attention state of their audience and are notjust a result of dogs being excited.”“In our study they produced far more expressions when someone was watching, but seeing food 35 did not have the same effect.”“The findings appear to support evidence dogs are 36 to humans’ attention and that expressions are 37 active attempts to communicate, not simple emotional displays.” The researchers studied 24 dogs of various breeds, aged one to 12. All were family pets. Each dog was tied by a lead a metre away from a person, and the dogs’ faces were 38 throughout a rangeof exchanges, from the person being oriented towards the dog, to being distracted and with her body turned away from the dog.facial They found that when a human was not watching the animal,they39 expressions.Dr Kaminski said it is possible that dogs’ expressions have evolved as they were 40 . “Domestic dogs have a unique history –they have lived alongside humans for 30,000 years and during that time selection pressures seem to have acted on dogs’ability to communicate with us, ”she said.Ⅲ. Reading comprehension（45 分）Section ADirections：For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When I was a child of seven years old, my friends, on a holiday, filled my pocket with coppers.I went at once to a shop where they sold toys for children. Being 41 with the sound of a whistle that I had seen by the way, in the hands of another boy, I handed over all my money for one.I then came home, and went whistling all over the house, much pleased with my whistle, but 42 all the family. My brothers and sisters and cousins, when I told of the43 I had made, said I had given four times as much as the whistle was worth. They put me in mind of what good things I might have bought with the rest of the money, and laughed at me so much for my folly that I cried with vexation( 烦恼). Thinking about the matter gave me more44 than the whistle gave me pleasure.45 , this was afterwards of use to me, for the impression continued on my mind, so that often, when I was 46 to buy something I did not need, I said to myself, “Don’t give too muchfor the whistle, ” and I saved my money. As I grew up, came into the world, and 47 the actionsof men, I thought I met with many, very many, who “gave too much for the whistle.”If I knew a miser（守财奴）who 48 every kind of comfortable living, all the pleasure of doing good to others, all the esteem of his fellow citizens and the joys of friendship,___49__gathering and keeping wealth--- “Poor man,” said I, “ you pay too dear for your whistle.”When I met a man of pleasure, who did not try to improve his mind or his fortune but_____devoted himself to having a good time, perhaps neglecting his health, “ Mistaken man, you are providing51 for yourself, instead of pleasure; you are paying too dear for your whistle.” If I saw someone fond of 52 who has fine clothes, fine houses, fine furniture, fine earrings, all above his 53 , and for which he had run into debt, and ends his career in a prison. “Alas,” said I, “he has paid dear, very dear, for his whistle.” 54 , the miseries of mankind are largely due to their puffing a(n) 55 value on things --- to giving “too much for their whistle.”41. A. faced B. charmed C. sympathized D. provided42. A. disturbing B. attracting C. entertaining D. confusing43. A. trouble B. attempt C. choice D. bargain44. A. satisfaction B. relief C. annoyance D. stress45. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. However D. Indeed46. A. tempted B. determined C. forced D. persuaded47. A. took B. observed C. admired D. followed48. A. turned against B. gave up C. cared about D. relied on49. A. in case of B. instead of C. for the sake of D. in terms of50. A. merely B. similarly C. strangely D. positively51. A. inconvenience B. burden C. frustration D. pain52. A. appearance B. wealth C. comforts D. necessities53. A. demand B. fortune C. standard D. value54. A. As a result B. By contrast C. On average D. In short55. A. unexpected B. great C. false D. extraSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）When you think about coffee alternatives, garlic is probably one of the last things that comes to mind, but that is exactly the ingredient that one Japanese inventor used to create a drink that looks and tastes like coffee.74-year-old Yokitomo Shimotai, a coffee shop owner in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, claims that his unique “garlic coffee” is the result of a cooking blunder he made over 30 years ago, when he burned a steak and garlic while waiting tables at the same time. Intrigued by the scorched garlic’s aroma, he mashed it up with a spoon and mixed it with hot water. The resulting drink looked and tasted a lot like coffee. Making a mental note of his discovery, Yokimoto carried on with his job, and only started researching garlic coffee again after he retired.Committed to turning his weird drink into a commercial product, Yokitomo Shimotai spent years optimizing the formula, and about five years ago, he finally achieved a result he was satisfied with. To make his dissolvable garlic grounds, he roasts the cloves in an electric oven, and, after they’ve cooled off, smashes them into fine particles and packs them in dripbags.“My drink is probably the world’s first of its kind,” the garlic coffee inventor told Kyodo News. “It contains no caffeine so it’s good for those who would like to drink coffee at night or pregnant women.”“The bitterness of burned garlic apparently helps create the coffee-like flavor,” Shimotai adds. He claims that, although his garlic coffee does give off an aroma of roasted garlic, it doesn’t cause bad breath, because the garlic is thoroughly cooked. And if you can get past the smell, the drink apparently does taste a lot like actual coffee.If decaf isn’t good enough for you, and you’re in the mood for something new, you can try Yokitomo Shimotai’s garlic coffee at his shop, in the city of Ninohc, Iwate Prefecture, or buy your own dripbags for just 324 yen（$2.8）.56. Which word is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “blunder ”in the second paragraph?A. mistakeB. showC. mixtureD. brand57. Who is not suitable to drink garlic coffee?A. A woman bearing a baby.B. A student having trouble with sleep.C. A cleaner working on a day shift.D. A young lady sick of garlic.58. Which of the following is not characteristic of garlic coffee?A. It is caffeine-free.B. Garlic powder dissolves in water.C.The burnt garlic creates bitterness.D. It is an improvement on a garlic dish.59. Which of the following can be used to describe Yokitomo Shimotai?A. venturous and greedyB. innovative and perseverantC. hardworking and cautiousD. observant and helpful（B）How an advertisement is put togetherWhen you read an advertisement there are many factors you should consider, including: target audiencebrand namessloganspictures and colourspecial offers/couponsemotive/persuasive vocabularyTarget audienceAdvertisers aim particular products at different groups of people according to age, sex, social class and interests. They will often make assumptions about people and label or stereotype them.Who do you think these products would be aimed at: nappies, diamonds, mint chocolates, sports cars?What kind of products would be aimed at these people: teenagers, 25-year-old single men, 40-year-old working mums?Brand namesBrand names are chosen carefully. They can suggest particular lifestyles, values or interests and are intended to appeal to the target audience.Nissan Primera: this suggests quality. Primera is similar to premium and premier.Ford Ka: the spelling of Ka suggests novelty and simplicity. It is modern and futuristic. It is also bound to stick in your mind when you are looking for a new car!SlogansA slogan has to be catchy and memorable. Slogans use a range of devices: alliteration, repetition, puns, questions, personal pronouns and humour.Have a break. Have a Kit Kat. RepetitionThe totally tropical taste. AlliterationPicture and colourAll pictures try to make you feel something and most are biased, even photographs. They create aview of what the world is like using different tricks such as lighting and colour.Different colours have different associations that can be linked to particular products.Yellow: freshness, sunlight, lemons. This colour would be good for advertising washing up liquid. Green: countryside, natural, healthy. What would you use this colour for ?What do you associate these colours with: red, black, orange, gold, blue?Special offers/couponsAdvertisers often appear to offer something for nothing’: if you buy one product you will receive another one free or half price. These offers are incentive to try a new product or to encourage loyalty to an existing one.Emotive/persuasive vocabularyIn advertising you will find lots of words and phrases that are intended to persuade you or appeal to your emotions.mouthwatering silky free chocolateromantic creamy luxurious like mum used to make60. What color is suitable for dishwashing liquid?A. Green.B. Red.C. Orange.D. Yellow.61. Which of the following slogans applies the device alliteration?A. Mosquito Bye Bye Bye.（RADAR）B. We do, we said.（HENNESSY）C. M&Ms melt in your mouth（M&Ms）D. Start ahead.（RLJOICE）62. According to the passage, to reta.n the regular customers, advertising companies tend to.A. impress them with colorful picturesB. use promotional strategiesC. change slogans frequentlyD. create eye-catching brand names（C）Dental health: Brush with confidenceChildren should be taught to brush their teeth regularly. But the suspicion remains among some people, dentists included, that even so, certain children are doomed to develop dental cavities. The hypothesis behind this fear is that some combinations of genes may give rise to the sorts of oral bacteria which are responsible for cavities. If true, that would be sad for the youngsters concerned. But a study just published in Cell Host and Microbe, by Andres Gomez and Karen Nelson of the J. Craig Venter Institute, in San Diego, suggests it isn’t true.The mouth is home to many species of microbes. Most are good. Some, though, are well known to secrete acidic waste products when fed sugar. This acidity weakens teeth, causing them to decay.To try to find out whether a child’s genes play any role in encouraging such acid-secreting bugs, Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson set up an experiment with twins.Their“volunteers”were 280 pairs of fraternal twins and 205 pairs of identical twins, all agedbetween five and 11, who had not taken antibiotics during the previous six months. The children were asked to stop brushing their teeth the evening and the morning before the crucial moment of data collection. This was when the researchers swabbed the children’s gingival sulci（the clefts betweenteeth and gums, in which bacteria collect）to find out what was there. The children also had their teethscored by dentists as belonging to one of three categories: having no signs of current or previous dental cavities: having signs of current or previous cavities affecting the enamel（a tooth’s hard, outer layer）; or having signs of cavities that penetrated the enamel and allected the underlying dentine as well.Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson found that, though identical twins shared many groups of bacteria which were not shared by fraternal twins, none of these was a type responsible for cavities. Moreover, similarities in bacterial flora were greatest among five-to seven-year-olds, weaker among seven- to nine-year-olds and weakest among nine-to 11-year-olds. This suggests that any role genes do play in regulating the mouth’s ecology fades with time.Far from supporting the idea that some children are fated to suffer from cavities no matter how well they brush their teeth, these results make it clear that the power to control the growth of the relevant bacteria is very much within reach of children and their parents. Brushing, however, may not be the only approach. Avoiding sugary foods is obviously de rigueur. It seems likely, though, that which other foods a child eats may help shape his oral ecosystem, too. This is an area of ongoing research. But, as in the intestines（肠道）, so in the mouth, scientific medicine is at last coming to grips with the fact that the mixture of microbes present is both important and capable of manipulation, to the benefit of the host.63. What doe s“hypothesis”refer to in paragraph 1?A. Children’s failure to brush their teeth properly leads to tooth decay.B. Some children are programmed to develop tooth decay.C. Youngsters are suspicious of the effectiveness of tooth-brushing.D. Some genes are more likely to lead to dental cavites.64. Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson conducted an experiment to find out .A. whether genes have anything to do with dental decayB. which group of twins are more likely to have decayed teethC. what kinds of foods tend to give rise to tooth decayD. why the ecosystem of the intestines is similar to that of the mouth65. Which of the following statements is UNTRUE according to the passage?A. Scientists are not yet sure how ecosystem of the mouth is formed.B. The role genes play in controlling ecosystem of the mouth weakens with the time.C. The children are classified into three groups according to the degrees of dental cavities.D.Identical twins are not as genetically close to each other as fraternal twins.66. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. The existence of multiple microbes benefits children’s oral ecosystem.B. What a child eats enhances the healthfulness of a child’s oral ecosystem.C. Cutting down on sugar intake is the most likely way to prevent tooth decay.D. Parents are in no position to help their children maintain healthy oral ecosystem.Section CDirections: Read the following passage and choose the most suitable statement from A-F for each Blank. There are two extra statements, which you do not need.A. Reality has begun to catch up with the imagination of the film’s writer.B. Nanotechnology is one of the most exciting fields of research in the world today.C.When this becomes possible, great changes will take place in numerous fields.D. Small as they are, large quantities of them can make a difference and work wonders.E.Nanotechnology is also responsible for tremendous advances in many other fields.F. They carry medicine with them as they travel though the body, seeking our cancer cells.Nanotechnology Grows FastThanks to advances in technology, the science fiction of the past has become the“science fact”o f today, like the 1966 sci-fi Fantastic V oyag（e《神奇旅程》）. In the film, a man with very important knowledge was dying. The only way to save him was by using experimental miniaturization technology. A number of scientists were shrunk to a tiny size and injected into the man’s body to locate the source of the problem and save him.67Over the past several decades, the science of nanotechnology has been developing rapidly, and, just as in the film, it involves working with objects of a very small size.Something very similar to the medial procedure seen in Fantastic Voyage is already being used to help save lives today. Tiny crystals known as“quanturn dots（量子点）”，whose diametersare one thousandth of a human hair, are injected into the body of a cancer patient. 68 Upon finding a tumor, these quantum dots release their medicine, and then light themselves up tso that doctors can see exactly where the cancer cells are.69 We may soon find our everyday lives being affected by it. Are you tired of having to charge the batteries in your mobile devices? Soon, you don’t need to. Scientists are working on solar-cell vests that will absorb energy from the sun as you walk around and provide power for your devices.Eric Drexler, an author and scientist, believes that nanotechnology will lead to a new kind of manufacturing, one in which products are assembled atom by atom. By rearranging atoms, you can turn one kind of molecule into another. For example, a wood molecule can be transformed into a metal molecule. If this is done many times according to a design, a large object such as an ax might eventually be created, just by rearranging atoms. 70 .Although we have already seen its first practical applications, even more dramatic advances will be made in the future.Ⅳ. Surmmary Writing（10 分）Directions：R ead the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.According to an official report on youth violence.“In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence.”Given that this is the case, why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. It is reported that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult. For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence.If the conflict occurs, students can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer. Once the student feels calmer. He or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire while soft words can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After that, they can use another key strategy for conflict resolution. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side: and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterwards, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to clarify the speaker’s position. Then the two people should change roles.Finally, students need to consider what they are hearing. An argument doesn’t mean trying to figure out the fault of the other person but means understanding what the real issue is. As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller.（280 words）第Ⅱ卷Ⅴ. Translation（15 分）Directions：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 为了安全起见，小孩不应该被单独留在家里。
(完整版)2017届上海市浦东新区高三历史一模卷
浦东新区2016学年度第一学期教学质量检测高三历史试卷考生注意：1．本考试为闭卷考试；考试时间60分钟，满分100分。
2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求。
所有回答必须按规定写在答题纸上，做在试卷上一概无效。
3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，并留下了足够的答题空间，答题时应特别注意，不要错位。
一、选择题（共20分，每题2分。
每题只有一个正确答案，请将代表该答案的选项字母做在答题纸上，做在试卷上没有分数。
）1．上博收藏的战国楚竹书《容成氏》载：尧的前任是有虞迵。
据此，可以佐证A ．尧舜禹的存在B ．夏朝历史的可信C ．战国时已有尧的传说D ．尧舜禹传说源于中国南方 2．面对礼崩乐坏的社会现状，主张恢复等级秩序和社会规范的是A ．周公B ．孔子C ．董仲舒D ．朱熹3．观察右图，图中“？”应填A ．秦朝B ．汉朝C ．唐朝D ．清朝4．以“保民而王，莫之能御也”作为重要的执政理念和手段，应首推A ．孔子B ．孟子C ．荀子D ．朱熹 5．右表是小明同学以王朝相似点归纳的专题。
它们的相似点是 A ．都城 B ．疆域 C ．开国者身份 D ．治国思想6．欧洲人翻译中国文献渐具规模，尤其是儒家经典，主要得益于A ．西方传教士B ．阿拉伯商人C ．拜占庭学者D ．中亚粟特人7．下列著作最可能为多数专制君主青睐和推崇的是A ．《史记》B ．《资治通鉴》C ．《天演论》D ．《百科全书》 ① 东周② 曹魏③ 东汉④ 北魏8．观察右图，图中的传播路线应属于A．儒学B．佛学C．基督教D．伊斯兰教9．下列政权若按照建立的时序排列，正确的是A．东周——北周——后周B．西周——北周——东周C．后周——西周——北周D．北周——后周——西周10．右图是中国人民银行以“传统文化”为主题发行的特种纪念币。
币面中的人们劳作的目的是为了A．抗击秦国B．抵御匈奴C．遏制鲜卑D．反击突厥11．抛开中国政府，首开由列强自行组织的“市政机关”管理的地区是A．广州“十三行”B．上海英租界C．北京东郊民巷D．香港九龙司地方一区12．近代上海公共照明，率先使用的能源是A．蒸汽B．煤气C．电力D．天然气13．伏尔泰非常推崇“在（中国）帝国最早时代，便允许人们在皇宫中一张长桌上写下他们认为朝政中应受谴责之事。
上海市浦东新区2017届高三政治试卷(含答案)
高三政治等级性考试质量检测试卷一、单项选择题（第1—16题，选出正确选项得3分，选错得0分。
第17—20题，选出最佳选项得3分，选出次佳选项得2分，选错得0分。
共60分。
）1．在政治生活中，处于核心地位的是A．国家利益 B．国家主权 C．国家政权2．来自上海的人大代表在全国人大会议期间，审议国务院总理的《政府工作报告》。
这表明，人大代表A．认真参与政治协商 B．积极行使国家权力 C．实践基层民主自治3．推进司法体制改革，要紧紧牵住司法责任制这个“牛鼻子”，让审理者裁判，由裁判者负责，以至公无私之心，行正大光明之事。
这强调的是A．人民法院要公正司法 B．人民检察院依法监督 C．公安机关要严格执法4．在公共文化服务内容提供上，要把政府送文化和群众要文化结合起来，即把政府的“送菜”和群众“点菜”结合起来。
让群众‘点菜’的根本原因是A．政府履行公共服务的职能 B．政府需提高公共服务效率C．政府的一切权力来自人民5．2016年6月以来，全国人大常委会先后多次审议《民法总则》草案，并且向社会全文发布，公开征求意见。
2017年3月15日，《中华人民共和国民法总则》获十二届全国人大五次会议表决通过。
从民主与法制的关系看，材料表明A．社会主义法制是社会主义民主的保障 B．社会主义民主是社会主义法制的基础C．有法可依是社会主义法制的根本前提6．以下举措直接促进各民族共同繁荣的是A．尊重少数民族使用本民族语言文字的自由B．拉萨市民共度藏族传统节日融洽民族感情C．上海对口支援新疆喀什促进地区经济发展7． 2016年中美双边贸易额超过5000亿美元，每天平均1.4万人次的往来，每17分钟起降一个航班，建立起了超过40对友好省州和超过200对友好城市关系……这一组数据说明，中美两国A．共同利益大于不同利益B．在合作中推进双方关系发展 C．求同存异，建立新型大国关系8．理想信念是共产党人精神上的“钙”，党中央狠抓全党作风建设，坚定理想信念教育，目的在于A．促进决策科学化、民主化 B．提高党的依法执政的能力C．保持党的先进性和纯洁性9．张先生将10万元闲置资金按1年定期存入银行，年利率是1.75%，如果他提前支取，则按0.36%活期利率计息。
2017年上海浦东新区高三一模英语试卷-学生用卷
2017年上海浦东新区高三一模英语试卷-学生用卷一、语法填空（每空1分，满分10分）1、【来源】 2017年上海浦东新区高三一模第21~30题10分I can still remember the afternoon when we climbed the mountain as if it were yesterday.It was a sunny day. Eager to spend some time outside, I went up the mountain with my uncle. The mountain was hard1（climb）and had tough rocks and streams on it. In the end,2（exhaust）and hot, I couldn't go any further. So we went back down the mountain in the end.On the way back down, my uncle asked me a question,3left me speechless for a second: "What's your dream, young lady?""I have no idea," I answered4thinking it for a while. Then he smiled and told me about his story. He didn't perform well at school when he was a student. Although nobody thought he could succeed, he knew clearly5his dream was-----to be a businessman. "I knew I wasn't gifted when it came to studying, so I tried to buy snacks from a market and sell them after class," he told me. After he left school, he started selling different items to find out which one was most attractive to customers. Of course, he often had no money in his pocket,but6tough life was, he never gave up."There is no doubt that a person who puts in a great deal of effort to reach his or her goal will have good luck at some point. The meaning of life is to chase your dream," he said gently.That night I7hardly fall asleep. I lay in bed tossing and turning, asking myself, "What's my motivation?"I once wanted to be a top student, but the hard work neededmeant8（put）everything into following my passion. If I find myself lacking willpower, what should I do? Leaving home early the next morning, I climbed the mountain again by9It made me think: If we don't experience the climb, how can we get to see the scenery on the top of the mountain? In the end, I reached the topand10（fascinate）by the warm breeze and sunshine. Nothing could be more pleasant than that.二、选词填空（每空1分，满分10分）2、【来源】 2017年上海浦东新区高三一模第31~40题10分Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be use only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Imagine an urban neighborhood where most of the cars are self-driving. What would it be like to be a pedestrian?Actually, pretty good. In fact, pedestrians might end up with the run of the place.In a new study published in the Journal of Planning Education and Research, Millard-Ball looks atthe1of urban areas where a majority of vehicles are "autonomous" or self-driving. It's a phenomenon that's not as far off as one might think."Autonomous vehicles have the potential to2travel behavior," Millard-Ball says. He uses game theory to3the interactions between pedestrians and self-driving vehicles, with a focus on yielding at crosswalks.Because autonomous vehicles are by design risk-averse, Millard-Ball's model suggests that pedestrians will be able to act with impunity, and he thinks autonomous vehicles may facilitate a shift towards pedestrian-oriented urban neighborhoods. However, Millard-Ball also finds thatthe4of autonomous vehicles may be hampered by their strategic disadvantage that slows them down in urban traffic."Pedestrians routinely play the game of chicken," Millard-Ball writes. Crossing the street, even at a marked crosswalk without a traffic signal, requires a probability calculation: what are the odds of survival?The benefit of crossing the street5, instead of waiting for a gap in traffic, is traded off against the probability of injury or even death. Pedestrians know that drivers are not interested in running them down -- usually. But there is the chance a driver may be6, or drunk.Self-driving cars are7to obey the rules of the road, including waiting for pedestrians to cross. They could provide the most8transformation in urban transportation systems. Parking, street design, and transportation service networks are likely to be revolutionized. In his latest study, Millard-Ball suggests that the potential benefits of self-driving cars -- avoiding9of traffic and traffic accidents -- may be outweighed by the drawbacks of an always play-it-safe vehicle that slows traffic for everybody."From the point of view of a passenger in an automated car, it would be like driving down a street filled with10five-year-old children," Millard-Ball writes.Alternatively, planners could seize the opportunity to create more pedestrian-oriented streets. Autonomous vehicles could start a new era of pedestrian domination.A. quicklyB. analyzeC. programmedD. adoptionE. boredomF. unaccompaniedG. dramaticH. transformI. distractedJ. peacefullyK. prospect三、完形填空（每空1分，满分15分）3、【来源】 2017年上海浦东新区高三一模第41~55题15分Everybody loves to hate invasive species. The international list of invasive species—defined as those that were introduced by humans to new places, and then1— runs to over4,000. In Australia and New Zealand hot war is fought against introduced creatures like cane toads （蔗蟾蜍） and rats.Some things that are uncontroversial （无争议的） are nonetheless foolish. With a few important exceptions, campaigns to2invasive species are merely a waste of money and effort — for reasons that are partly practical and partly philosophical.Start with the practical arguments. Most invasive species are neither terribly successful norvery3. Britons think themselves surrounded by foreignplants.4, Britain's invasive plants are not widespread, not spreading especially quickly, and often less of a（n）5than vigorous native plants. The arrival of new species almost always6biological diversity （多样性） in a region; in many cases, a flood of newcomers drives no native species to extinction. One reason is that invaders tend to colonise7habitats like polluted lakes and post-industrial wasteland, where little else lives. They are nature's opportunists.The philosophical reason for starting war on the invaders is also8. Elimination campaigns tend to be9by the belief that it is possible to restorebalance to nature — to return woods and lakes to the state before human10. That is misguided. Nature is an everlasting mess, with species constantly emerging, withdrawing and hybridizing （杂交）. Humans have only quickened these processes. Going back to ancient habitats is becoming11in any case, because of man-made climate change. Taking on the invaders is a（n）12gesture, not a means to an achievable end.A reasonable attitude to invaders need not imply passivity. A few foreign species aretruly13and should be fought: the Nile perch – a fish, has helped drive many species of fish to extinction in Lake Victoria. It makes sense to14pathogens （病菌）, especially those that destroy whole native tree species, and to stop known agricultural pests from gaining a foothold. Fencing off wildlife reserves to create open-air ecological museums is fine, too. And it is a good idea for European gardeners to destroy Japanese plants, just as they give no apace to native harmful grasses like bindweed and ground elder. You can garden in a garden. You cannotgarden15. That is universally accepted.A. multipliedB. shrunkC. disappearedD. harvestedA. conserveB. eliminateC. investigateD. prioritizeA. healthyB. intentionalC. harmfulD. profitableA. As a resultB. For exampleC. By contrastD. In factA. attractionB. dominanceC. annoyanceD. substituteA. increasesB. destroysC. revealsD. targetsA. oppressedB. disturbedC. cultivatedD. preservedA. acceptableB. needlessC. mistakenD. convincingA. fuel（l）edB. organizedC. interruptedD. greetedA. civilizationB. interferenceC. interactionD. maintenanceA. tolerableB. impossibleC. beneficialD. criticalA. reluctantB. disorderlyC. invalidD. unbalancedA. damagingB. flexibleC. doubtfulD. outstandingA. pick upB. take inC. keep outD. turn downA. agricultureB. vegetationC. atmosphereD. nature四、阅读理解（每题2分，满分22分）4、【来源】 2017年上海浦东新区高三一模第56~59题8分（A）Jeremy Baras remembers the first time he ever saw a pop-up a restaurant. The 26-year-old entrepreneur （企业家）was on vacation in England four years ago and had to look up at the London Eye Ferries wheel to see it. Hanging above him was a capsule full of diners who were served a new course each time a revolution was made. "I thought that was the coolest thing ever" , he says. Baras, who founded in 2012 to promote the idea of pop-up restaurants in USA, has been studying them ever since.Pop-ups, which have been around since at least the early 2000s, are open anywhere from a few hours to several months, but their defining feature is that they are temporary. They may be only a tiny part of the $709 billion U.S. restaurant industry, but pop-ups have gotten a boost in recent years as a lower-cost, lower-risk way for entrepreneurs to test the waters. Some restaurant owners see them as a way to renew interest in existing locations. And some struggling cities, like Oakland, Calif., have turned to them to help revitalize local economies impacted by the recession（衰退）.The concept has been especially popular with up-and-coming chefs who want to test-drive as a menu concept without investing a fortune in a permanent space. "Your cooks and chefs are really talented, but they're stuck in the back of somebody else's kitchen cooking somebody else's menu," says Zach Kupperman, chief businessman officer and co-founder of Dinner Lab.Chefs in Dinner Lab cook in the middle of space, give a brief introduction about the menu and themselves —and then bravely listen to diner feedback afterward. Pop-ups' temporary nature also allows restaurateurs to charge a deposit to make sure the diners will show up.Of course, trends in the food industry come and go quickly, and there is no guarantee that diners won't tire of the concept. Some entrepreneurs have resorted to even a weirder locations— in a former limestone mine, say, or at the top of a crane— to keep customers interested. Says Baras, "It's not quite part of the mainstream economy yet."(1) What does the underlined part "a revolution was made" in Paragraph One possibly mean?A. Chefs designed creative dishes.B. Diners tasted food in an innovative way.C. The capsule containing diners made a circle.D. Great changes were made in the food industry.(2) Which of the following might NOT be the reasons for pop-up restaurants' fast development?A. Being temporary features pop-up restaurants.B. Pop-up restaurant can restore local economy to prosperity.C. Business owners venture into the business with fewer risks and investments.D. Restaurant owners can make diners interested in the original restaurants again.(3) Perspective chefs are drawn to pop-ups due to the fact that.A. pop-ups are becoming increasingly popular with diners worldwideB. they have the desire to explore a safer way to make a livingC. their investment in pop-ups will bring them a fortune on a permanent basisD. pop-ups provide a flexible test field for talented chefs' originality(4) The writer's propose of writing the passenger is to.A. appeal to people to dine out in pop-up restaurantsB. give a brief introduction of pop-up restaurantsC. warn business owners of the appearance of pop-up restaurantsD. foresee the future of pop-up restaurants' development5、【来源】 2017年上海浦东新区高三一模第60~62题6分（B）In four countries with fast-developing economies （BRIC）– Brazil, Russia, India, and China –the agricultural sector has become a proving ground for innovation. Juergen Voegele, a World Bank agriculture expert, predicts that "by transforming agriculture, we will not only meet the challenge of feeding nine billion people by 2050 but do so in ways that create wealth and reduce its environmental footprint."BRAZILSoybeans on the RisePreserving the Amazon rain forest is a top priority for Brazil.The rapid expansion of soybean and cattle farming there during the 1990s and early 2000s led to alarming rates of deforestation. Over the past ten years, however, with government support, activists and famers have protected more than 33,000 square miles of rain forest – an area equal to more than 14 million soccer fields. Saving these forests has kept 3.5 billion tons of carbon dioxide out of atmosphere.Yet even under these land restrictions, Brazil's soybean production has increased. The country is now the world's second largest producer of the crop. How did this happen?Farmers focused on efficiency. Using new machinery and early maturing seeds enabled them to squeeze an additional planting into the standard growing season. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Brazil's 2014-15 soybean crop has hit a record 104.2 million tons, up 8.6 million tons from the year before, as farmers have made better use of their fields. This progress, says the World Bank's Juergen Voegele, is an example of how "producing more food coexist with protecting the environment."(1) According to Juergen Voegele, innovation in agriculture will lead to all the followingexcept.A. increased wealthB. the solution to the world's food crisisC. less impact on natureD. the challenging of feeding the world's population(2) Which one is the appropriate number to fill in the blank in the chart?A. 95.6B. 104.2C. 14D. 8.6(3) What is the most important problem Brazil is faced with?A. Feeding nine billion people by 2050.B. Increasing its soybean production.C. Protecting its rain forest from deforestation.D. Enhancing its farmers' efficiency.6、【来源】 2017年上海浦东新区高三一模第63~66题8分2019~2020学年上海宝山区上海交通大学附属中学高二上学期期中第91~94题8分2018~2019学年上海宝山区上海交通大学附属中学高二上学期期中（C篇）第71~74题（C）Spain's Literary GeniusFour centuries ago, the author of one of the greatest comedic characters in the world literature took his last breath. Miguel de Cervantes（1547-1616）, the author of Don Quixote, is to the Spanish what Shakespeare is to the English and Dante is to Italians - a national literary icon.Cervantes' book is still appreciated today, hundreds of years after its publication, because it's a wonderfully truthful comedy. Don Quixote, like human beings generally, has great difficulty distinguishing reality from imagination. Readers may laugh at his strange behavior, but when we laugh, we laugh with recognition.The book records the adventures of Alonso Quijano, an older Spanish gentleman who loves romance novels. In truth, he reads far too many romances, and they have affected his mind. Quijano is so mixed up that he decides that he must become a knight himself. Imagine a comic book fan who decides to dress up as a superhero to fight crime, and you'll get the picture.Setting the sceneAlonso Quijano reinvents himself as "Don Quixote de La Mancha" , an aristocratic（贵族的）name that suits his ambition of being a knight. Next, since every knight needs a horse, he finds himself an old one named Rocinante. But Rocinante is not exactly cut out for life as a knight's horse. He's tired from years of farm work. He's unlikely to be of much help in any fight against an enemy.The heroes in the romances Quijano reads all had a lady to love. They were highborn, like the knights themselves. Quijano chooses Aldonza Lorenzo, a farmer's daughter, to be his beloved. She becomes "Dulcinea del Toboso" , or "the sweet woman of Toboso" . How does Aldonza feel about Quijano's attentions? She doesn't feel much at all, actually. Aldonza is yet another byproduct of Quijano's imagination, like so many things.Finding a sidekickNow comes Cervantes' second great creation: Sancho Panza. Once servant in Quijano's house, Panza is promoted to the role of squire（随从）, because every self-respecting knight needs a squire. Panza has a sensible head on his shoulders, and he is a foil（衬托）to his foolish master.The pair faces many adventures, but none are as heroic as a knight's should be. We laugh, rather than cry, as we read. Quijano tries to act on behalf of justice, but he doesn't often succeed.Cervantes' novel inspired a word that sums up Quijano's romantic nature: "quixotic" . In English we use the word to describe someone who is idealistic but foolish in pursuit of his ideals. It is a mark of Cervantes' genius that he was able to identify this trait and personify it using such a great comedic character. We should appreciate him for it on this significant occasion.(1) On what occasion did the author write this review?A. The 400th anniversary of the publication of Don Quixote.B. An Italian Poet, Dante's 800th birth anniversary.C. An English genius, William Shakespeare's 400th death anniversary.D. Miguel de Cervantes' 400th anniversary of his death.(2) Which role is Alonso Quijano most likely to identify with?A. Miguel de Cervantes.B. Don Quixote de La Mancha.C. Dulcinea del Toboso.D. Sancho Panza.(3) What can be inferred from the passage?A. Don Quixote's failure of distinguish reality from imagination amuses the readers.B. Quijano manages to bring justice to the world by means of force.C. Quijano is a Spanish aristocrat with great ambition.D. Reading romance novel will make people behave in a foolish way.(4) According to the author, readers admire Cervantes and his masterpiecebecause.A. Cervantes is equal to Shakespeare and Dante as a national literary iconB. Quijano's adventure is romantic and heroicC. Cervantes has a genius for personifying Quijano's quixotic nature in a truthful comedyD. Quijano's vivid imagination has brought other minor characters to life五、信息匹配（每空2分，满分8分）7、【来源】 2017年上海浦东新区高三一模第67~70题8分Ten years ago, after 2 years as a postdoc（博士后）, I found myself wondering whether I should take a different road. Up to that point, I had stuck to a pretty traditional path investigating cancer genetics, but I was losing interest in the research. At the same time, federal funding had flattened, which added to my dissatisfaction.1Then came the hard part: identifying a new career that would nurture my passion for science and allow me to make an impact with my work.As I was considering my options, I found inspiration in my first graduate school research tutor, whose work reminded me that scientists'efforts away from the bench can be incredibly powerful. But I still didn't know exactly what I should do.2 A colleague mentioned that a professor at a nearby 2-year college was training students to produce monoclonal antibodies for labs on campus. I was impressed that the professor had taken on this type of ambitious project with relatively inexperienced students. Curious to find out more, I set up a meeting with John and was struck by his sincerity and the way he prioritized student training above grants, publications, and personal ambition. I could also see his passion for teaching, which reminded me of the dream to become a high school biology teacher.3I found a faculty position and joined John at the same quiet junior college. Now, I effectively hold two positions: classroom instructor and research co-adviser of 15 inexperienced but eager undergraduates. Both roles give me a chance to help students transform themselves, which is enormously rewarding.4It's discouraging when others see both my students and me as less worthy because we are not at universities. We sometimes struggle to get access to federal funding, scientific conferences, and other resources and opportunities. My pay is below the standard at 4-year research institutions, even though my teaching workload is greater. But my occasional frustration is relieved by the thought of the students, who I have helped train.Looking back at these 10 years, I realize how much my work on this campus has helped me grow, both as an academic and a tutor. I'm grateful that I stepped away from a traditional career path and found a way to serve both the student and research communities in my own way, modest though it may be.A. However, my work has its challenges.B. Then a second bit of inspiration came my way.C. Distressed as I was, I resolved to pursue my interest in research.D. Besides the spiritual reward, there are other less apparent benefits.E. So I decided to leave the academic path to find a better match.F. Here, at last, was a way to combine my interest in science with my passion for teaching.六、任务型阅读（满分10分）8、【来源】 2017年上海浦东新区高三一模第71题10分2020~2021学年10月上海浦东新区上海市进才中学高三上学期月考第51题Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Food is life. We eat it to grow, stay healthy, and have the energy to do everyday activities. The food we consume makes all of these things possible, but not all food is created equal. Studies have shown, for example, that children who eat a nutritious breakfast do better in school than those with a poor diet. The well-fed child is able to pay attention longer, remember more, and participate more actively in class. The findings, then, are clear. Because our food choices affect our health and behavior, we must do more than just eat; we must eat well. For many people today, though, making healthy food choices is not easy.We are surrounded by information telling us what's good for us and what isn't, but usually this information is more confusing than helpful. In fact, different research about the same food often produces contradictory results. In previous research on eggs, people were encouraged to limit or completely eliminate eggs from their diets to prevent dangerous diseases. Recent studies say eggs are good for you. It's hard to know who to believe.Shopping for food can also be challenging. During a visit to a supermarket, we often need to make many different choices. Should you buy this cereal or that one? Regular or fat-free' milk? Tofu or chicken? It's hard to know which to choose, especially when two items are very similar. Many shoppers read product labels to help them decide. Indeed, many food labels are often misleading.Making healthy food choices and eating well do not have to be difficult. Doing simple things can result in a better diet and a healthier you. Urban gardening, which is becoming popular again is one such thing. On small pieces of land, neighbors are working together to grow fruit and vegetables. What are the benefits of these gardens? People have access to more fresh fruit and vegetables, especially poorer people who are less likely to spend money on these items. The food also cost less than it would in a supermarket.There are other benefits, too. Working together in the garden helps people to exercise. Urban gardens have also been used to teach children about food production and healthy eating.七、句子翻译（满分15分）9、【来源】 2017年上海浦东新区高三一模第72~75题15分Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.(1) 解除病人的痛苦是医生的职责。
2017-2018届上海市普陀区高三上学期12月质量调研政治试题及答案
上海市普陀区2017-2018届高三上学期12月质量调研政治试题考生注意：1、考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2、本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3、答题前，务必用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
4、答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，错位答题或修改答题纸题号不得分。
一、单项选择题（共90分，每小题3分。
每题只能选一个选项。
）1、国家是“关于全部政治的主要的根本问题”，只有抓住国家政权机构，才是“抓住了政治中最本质的东西”。
这表明（）A．政治活动的最终目的是为了夺取国家政权B．要实现阶级统治必须掌握国家政权C．掌握了国家政权就能维护各阶级的利益D．国家政权的性质由经济基础的性质决定2、随着基本经济制度的建立和社会主义市场经济的发展，我国的社会阶层构成相应发生了新的变化，新社会阶层中的广大人员也是中国特色社会主义事业的建设者。
这说明（）A．我国政权的阶级基础已经发生变化B．我国国家政权具有极为广泛的社会基础C．新的社会阶层是我国国家政权的领导阶级D．新的社会阶层构成我国国家政权的阶级基础3、老百姓希望每位人大代表都发挥“一盏灯”的作用，敢于照亮自己，也乐于照亮别人；会当经济发展的参谋员，勇当经济发展的监督员，善当经济发展的推动员。
这就要求人大代表（）①积极行使立法权，完善我国的法律体系②发挥好先锋模范作用，做到执政为民③密切联系群众，反映人民群众的呼声④切实履行职责，为经济发展建言献策A．①② B．①④ C．②③ D．③④4、2017-2018年人民网、新华网、光明网等中央重点新闻网站和新浪网、搜狐网、网易网等主流商业网站同步推出了网络举报监督专区。
此举有利于（）①改进国家机关工作，扩大公民的监督范围②促进国家机关依法审慎行使权力，接受社会监督③拓宽民意反映渠道，便于公民参与民主决策④畅通公众政治参与渠道，依法行使监督权A．①② B．②④ C．③④ D．①③5、人民民主是社会主义的生命，发展社会主义民主政治是我们党始终不渝的奋斗目标。
上海市浦东区2017届高三下学期质量调研二模政治试卷Word版含答案
高三政治等级性考试质量检测试卷一、单项选择题（第1—16题，选出正确选项得3分，选错得0分。
第17—20题，选出最佳选项得3分，选出次佳选项得2分，选错得0分。
共60分。
）1．在政治生活中，处于核心地位的是A．国家利益 B．国家主权 C．国家政权2．来自上海的人大代表在全国人大会议期间，审议国务院总理的《政府工作报告》。
这表明，人大代表A．认真参与政治协商 B．积极行使国家权力 C．实践基层民主自治3．推进司法体制改革，要紧紧牵住司法责任制这个“牛鼻子”，让审理者裁判，由裁判者负责，以至公无私之心，行正大光明之事。
这强调的是A．人民法院要公正司法 B．人民检察院依法监督 C．公安机关要严格执法4．在公共文化服务内容提供上，要把政府送文化和群众要文化结合起来，即把政府的“送菜”和群众“点菜”结合起来。
让群众‘点菜’的根本原因是A．政府履行公共服务的职能 B．政府需提高公共服务效率C．政府的一切权力来自人民5．2016年6月以来，全国人大常委会先后多次审议《民法总则》草案，并且向社会全文发布，公开征求意见。
2017年3月15日，《中华人民共和国民法总则》获十二届全国人大五次会议表决通过。
从民主与法制的关系看，材料表明A．社会主义法制是社会主义民主的保障 B．社会主义民主是社会主义法制的基础C．有法可依是社会主义法制的根本前提6．以下举措直接促进各民族共同繁荣的是A．尊重少数民族使用本民族语言文字的自由B．拉萨市民共度藏族传统节日融洽民族感情C．上海对口支援新疆喀什促进地区经济发展7． 2016年中美双边贸易额超过5000亿美元，每天平均1.4万人次的往来，每17分钟起降一个航班，建立起了超过40对友好省州和超过200对友好城市关系……这一组数据说明，中美两国A．共同利益大于不同利益B．在合作中推进双方关系发展 C．求同存异，建立新型大国关系8．理想信念是共产党人精神上的“钙”，党中央狠抓全党作风建设，坚定理想信念教育，目的在于A．促进决策科学化、民主化 B．提高党的依法执政的能力C．保持党的先进性和纯洁性9．张先生将10万元闲置资金按1年定期存入银行，年利率是1.75%，如果他提前支取，则按0.36%活期利率计息。
上海市杨浦区2017届高三上学期高中等级考质量调研考试政治试题
杨浦区2016学年度第一学期高中等级考质量调研高三年级政治学科试卷2016年12月考生注意：1．试卷满分100分，考试时间60分钟。
2．本考试分设试卷和答题纸。
试卷包括试题与答题要求。
3．答题前，务必用黑色钢笔、圆珠笔或签字笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
4．作答必须涂（选择题)或写（非选择题）在答题纸上。
在试卷上作答一律不得分。
第一部分的作答必须涂在答题卡上相应的区域，第二部分的作答必须写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置。
一、单项选择题（共60分，每题3分，每题只有一个正确选项。
）1．社会主义生产目的是逐步改善人民生活，实现共同富裕。
要实现这个目的，就要A．使每一经济主体的行为纳入到政府工作的轨道B．使政府部门的管理与决策更加符合企业的利益C．使城乡之间、地区之间经济更加健康协调发展D．使全体人民在经济发展的基础上共享相同成果2．享受社会保险和福利是劳动者依法享有的权利之一。
以下情形有助于维护劳动者这一权利的是A．国家推行“黄金周”节假日制度B．企业实行员工“企业年金”计划C．公司完善职工“带薪休假”规定D．企业组织“员工能力提升”培训3．生产与消费是社会经济活动的核心环节。
以下对两者关系表述正确的是A．生产与消费既相互依存又相互决定B．生产决定消费而消费反作用于生产C．消费提供生产的对象并引起新需求D．社会生产水平是由消费水平决定的4． 2016年，我国启动“营改增”改革。
近半年来，减轻企业负担、打通产业链条、优化产业结构的改革成效不断显现。
这体现了我国税收A．是组织财政收入的基本形式B．是调节市场经济的重要杠杆C．是国家经济监督的重要手段D．是依靠国家政权强制征收的5．下图是2015年我国经济体制构成图，从图中可以看出我国的基本经济制度是A ．健全生产要素按贡献参与分配的制度B ．以公有制为主体，多种所有制经济共同发展C ．以按劳分配为主体，多种分配方式并存D ．我国正处于且长期处于社会主义初级阶段6．世界是物质的世界，世界的本质是物质的。
2017上海高中政治试卷与答案
2017上海高中政治试卷与答案思想政治课是对中学生系统进行公民品德教育和马克思主义常识教育的必修课程，下面就让店铺给大家分享一些上海高中政治试卷吧，希望能对你有帮助!上海高中政治试卷一、选择题Ⅰ：在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项最符合题意1.在我国，广大人民享有广泛的民主权利，人民民主具有广泛性和真实性。
从根本上说，这是因为( )A.我国建立了完备的民主制度B.我国人民民主专政的性质决定了人民直接行使国家权力C.我国人民民主专政的本质是人民当家作主D.我国建立了人民代表大会制度2.2008年3月16日，十一届全国人大一次会议在人民大会堂举行第六次全体会议，决定国务院人选，决定中央军事委员会副主席、委员人选，选举最高人民法院院长，选举最高人民检察院检察长。
这是人民代表大会行使( )A.立法权B.监督权C.决定权D.任免权3.2008年广东两会换届选举的亮点之一，是在省级领导的选举中，采用差额选举的方式。
从选举方式来说，差额选举( )A.扩大了代表的选择余地B.扩大了代表的选举权C.体现了选举的性质D.更好地体现代表的意志4.某医生在报名参加北京地区医师资格考试时，认为因卫生部人才交流服务中心封网过早导致其错过了报名时间，贻误了考试，遂向卫生部申请行政复议。
复议被驳回。
该医生将卫生部告上了法庭。
这位医生行使的是公民的( )A.政治自由B.批评和建议权C.质询权D.监督权5.有“经济宪法”之称的反垄断法在2007年8月30日经十届全国人大会第二十九次会议表决通过，并于2008年8月1日起施行。
反垄断法有利于保护市场竞争、防止和制止垄断行为、营造公平有序的市场环境、促进社会主义市场经济健康发展。
该法的通过体现了( )①国家坚持依法治国方略②公民在法律面前一律平等的原则③执政党驾驭社会主义市场经济能力的提高④全国人大会行使最高立法权A.①③B.③④C.①④D.①②6.为了维护人民群众的生命健康和切身利益，为了维护中国产品的信誉和国际形象，我国政府开展了为期四个月的全国产品质量和食品安全专项整治行动。
2017学年上海市十二校高三第一学期考试政治试卷及答案
2017学年第一学期十二校联考高三政治考试试卷考生注意：1、本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求。
所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
2、答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
一、单项选择题（共90分，每题3分。
每题只有一个正确选项，选对得3分，多选、错选或不选均不得分。
）1、11月11日，天猫“双11”购物节画上句号，成交额定格在350.19亿元。
“双11”的火爆成交额再次创造了中国零售业记录。
电子商务的快速发展，对不少传统零售模式来说是一记警钟。
由此可见A、居民的消费结构不断地由从低层次向高层次转化B、网络购物激发了市场活力C、我国的综合国力逐步增强D、电子商务已经取代传统商务2、第十五届中国国际工业博览会于11月5日至9日在上海国际博览中心举行。
在这5天的时间里，参观者可以看到当下工业发展的最前沿技术、顶级企业品牌，感受到信息化和工业化的完美结合。
对信息化与工业化的相互关系理解正确的选项是A、信息化就是计算机在各领域广泛运用B、信息化带动工业化C、工业化的成果要以信息基础设施建设、信息技术的研究和开发、信息产业的发展为基础D、工业化为我国高起点加速信息化提供了可能3、财政部、国家发展改革委自8月1日起，取消和免征企业年度检查费等33项行政事业性收费。
这表明①取消行政事业性收费，可以减轻企业负担②国家财政支出的出发点是维护人民利益③政府要转变职能，实现经济的健康可持续发展④财政的合理支出能为增加财政收入创造条件A、①③④B、①②④C、①②③D、①②③④4、我国的金融市场为个人投资者提供了多种理财方式。
6月13日上市的余额宝是由第三方支付平台支付宝打造的一项余额增值服务，通过余额宝，用户不仅能够得到较高的收益，还能随时消费支付和转出，无任何手续费，短短几月，规模达到100多亿元。
这说明A、吸收公众存款是商业银行的基本业务之一B、只有储蓄存款才能规避风险C、投资理财要综合权衡投资的安全性、盈利性和流动性D、理财的首要目标是资产的增值5、对公平和效率的关系理解，下列说法正确的是A、公平是提高经济效率的保证B、资源的有效利用程度越高，就意味着效率越高C、效率是实现公平的必要条件D、投入越少，就意味着效率越高6、—般情况下，银行利率提高股市会做出股票价格下降的反应。