五种基本句型和句子成分
句子成分和简单句五个基本句型
句子成分和简单句五个基本句型一、句子成分构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
（一）主语主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular。
（名词）2.We often speak English in class.(代词)3。
One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure。
（不定式)5。
Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）6.The rich should help the poor。
（名词化的形容词）7. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided。
（主语从句）8. It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）（二)谓语谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态.动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。
1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如：He practices running every morning。
2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
You may keep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cold。
(2)由系动词加表语构成。
如:We are students。
（三）表语表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be，become，get，look, grow，turn, seem等）之后。
英语句子成分和五种基本句型
句子成份英语句子成分有主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，表语，定语，状语等。
顺序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1、主语：表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如：Country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）2、谓语：谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。
可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。
1)简单谓语： We study for the people.2)复合谓语： I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He hasgone to Beijing..3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。
My sister is a nurse.Is it yours?（代词）The weather has turned cold.（形容词）The speech is exciting.（分词）Three times seven is twenty one?（数词）His job is to teach English.（不定式）His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（动名词）The ruler must be in your box.（介词短语）Time is up. The class is over.（副词）The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，We like English.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（数词）They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（名词化形容词）It began to rain.（不定式短语）I enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语）I think（that）he is fit for his office.（宾语从句）有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。
英语句子成分及五种基本句型
1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。
2. The dinner smells good.
午餐的气味很好。
3. Everything looks different.
一切看来都不同了。
4. He is growing tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮
什么可以作谓语？
We love China. We have finished reading this book. He can speak English.
及物动词 vt
My mother usually gets up early. The boy often plays in his yard. 不及物动词 vi
基本句型3: 主+谓+宾
例句 他时常弹吉他。 A
例句B 我想喝杯茶。
例句C 我不知道什么时候离开这儿。
例句 我承认伤害了你。 D
Tip 1
某些特定的动词习惯于用动词不定式作为其宾语，如: attempt，decide，expect，hope，learn，need， pretend，promise，refuse，want，wish等
I’d like to have some coffee.
动词不定式
I enjoy working with you.
动名词
I think you are right.
宾语从句及复合宾语
I really don’t know what to do next.
思考： 一个句子中若可以存在宾语，其谓语动词应该具备 什么特点呢？
基本句型3: 主+谓+宾
句子成分类型及五大基本句型
初中英语句子成分及五种基本句型讲解与练习句子成分&五种基本句型I【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语）、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
（一）主语：主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如：（1）Lucy is a beautiful nurse. （名词作主语）（2）He reads Eniglish every day. （代词作主语）（3）Swimming is my favorite sport.（动名词作主语）（4）To have a bridge is their dream .（不定式作主语）（5）What we learn is very useful. （主语从句作主语）（二）谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）必须是动词。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如：His parents are teachers. （系动词作谓语）We work hard. （行为动词作谓语）We don’t finish reading the book. （助动词和行为动词一起作谓语）He can speak English. （情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语）（三）宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.（名词作宾语）She says（that）she is ill.（宾语从句作动词宾语）We often help him.（代词作宾语）He likes to play basketball.（不定式作宾语）We like listening to the music.我们喜欢听音乐。
初中英语五种基本句型及句子成分名词解释
初中英语五种基本句型及句子成分名词解释在学习英语的过程中，句子是我们表达思想和交流意见的基本单位。
了解句子的结构和成分对于理解英语的语法规则和提升语言表达能力至关重要。
本文将解释初中英语中常见的五种基本句型和句子成分的名词。
一、陈述句（declarative sentences）陈述句是最基本的句子类型，用来陈述事实、描述情况或者进行表达。
它通常由主语、谓语和宾语组成。
1. 主语（subject）：句子中表达或承受动作的人或事物。
例如：Tom is playing football.（汤姆正在踢足球）2. 谓语（predicate）：句子中用来表达动作、状态或者存在的词语。
例如：The cat is sleeping.（猫咪在睡觉）3. 宾语（object）：句子中接受动作的对象。
例如：Peter likes apples.（彼得喜欢苹果）二、疑问句（interrogative sentences）疑问句用于询问信息、事实或者观点。
它通常由助动词、主语和谓语组成。
1. 助动词（auxiliary verbs）：用于构成疑问句的辅助动词。
例如：Do you like ice cream?（你喜欢冰淇淋吗？）2. 主语（subject）：句子中用来回答问题的人或物。
例如：Who is speaking?（谁在讲话？）3. 谓语（predicate）：句子中用来描述行为或状态的词语。
例如：Where do you live?（你住在哪里？）三、祈使句（imperative sentences）祈使句用于命令、请求或建议。
它通常由动词本身或者动词短语组成。
1. 动词（verb）：句子中用于表示命令、请求或建议的词。
例如：Clean your room.（把你的房间打扫干净）2. 宾语（object）：句子中受到命令、请求或建议的对象。
例如：Open the window.（打开窗户）四、感叹句（exclamatory sentences）感叹句用于表达强烈的情感、惊奇或者喜悦。
五大基本句型、七大句子成分、陈述句和疑问句
（二）七大句子成分 主谓宾表定状补
定语:修饰名词或代词
The boy is my brother.
The handsome boy is my brother.
I live in a house.
I live in a house close to some mountains.
状语：修饰动词
I love you.
前后的be动词、情态v.或助动词一致。
isn't.
是的，没有电脑。
(2)前后时态一致。
(3)问句的主语和前面的一致,用人称代词代替。
(4)语调：升调表示疑问，期待对方回答； 降调表示确定，不需要回答。
注：陈述部分是祈使句，疑问部分多用will you Pass me the book, will you/won’t you? Don’t do that again, will you? Let us go for a walk, won’t you? Let’s go for a walk, shall we?
③How+主语+谓语！ How time flies!
三. 疑问句：有疑问语气的句子。
1.一般疑问句：疑问句的一种，是指用yes或no来回答的句子，读升调。 结构：Be动词+主语+其他？ 情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？ 助动词+主语+动词原形+其他？ 简略回答：Yes, 主语+提问词。 No, 主语+提问词+not。
二. 陈述句：用来叙述一个事实，读降调
1.肯定句：主语+be动词+名词/形容词。 主语+情态动词+动词原形+其他。 主语+行为动词+其他。
英语的句子成分和五种基本句型及therebe句型
英语的句子成分和五种基本句型及t herebe 句型一、S + V（主语＋不及物动词）这种句型简称为主谓结构。
不及物动词是指那些本身意义已完整，后面不需要接宾语的动词，如come, go, swim, appear, run, arrive, fall等。
如：—Did you go by sea？你们走的是海路吗？—No, we flew. 不，我们是坐飞机去的。
有时，不及物动词后面会跟副词、介词短语等作状语。
如：Whydon’tyoucome at once when I call you? 我叫你时，你为什么不马上来？Ⅰ. 根据汉语完成下列英语句子，每空一词。
1. 他在听。
He __________.2. 昨晚你睡得好吗？Did you __________last night?3. 这场雨持续了两个小时。
The rain __________two hours.Ⅱ. 单项选择( )6. An MP5 player of this type coststoo much. You’dbetter ______.A. waitB. waitin gC. waitedD. to wait( )7. It _____outsid e. I have to stay at home. A. rain B. is rainin g C. rained D. has rained( )8. —Did you watchthe basket ballmatchyester day? —Y es, I did. My uncle______in the match.A. is playin gB. was playin gC. has playedD. will play( )9. —What did your father say just now? —Sorry,Idon’tknow. I ______ on the phone.A. am talkin gB. talkC. was talkin gD. have talked( )10. You ______ firstand I ______ behind.A. go; was follow ingB. will go; followC. will go; follow edD. go; will follow二、S + V + P（主语＋系动词＋表语）系动词通常与表语一起构成系表结构。
初中英语句子成分分析及五种基本句型
初中英语句子成分分析及五种基本句型- 主语：句子中执行动作或被动执行动作的人、动物或物体，通常作为句子的主体。
例如："Peter runs every morning."（彼得每天早上跑步。
）这里的主语是"Peter"。
- 谓语：句子中的动词，表示主语进行的动作或状态。
例如："They are playing soccer."（他们正在踢足球。
）这里的谓语是"are playing"。
- 宾语：句子中受动作影响的人、动物或物体，通常是动词的直接或间接对象。
例如："She gave me a present."（她送给了我一个礼物。
）这里的宾语是"a present"。
- 定语：修饰名词或代词的词或词组，通常用来描述或限制名词或代词的特性。
例如："The red car is mine."（那辆红色的车是我的。
）这里的定语是"red"。
- 状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的词或词组，用来说明动作、状态、方式、时间、地点、原因等。
例如："He speaks English fluently."（他流利地说英语。
）这里的状语是"fluently"。
五种基本句型：初中英语中常见的五种基本句型包括：主谓句、主谓宾句、主谓表句、主系表句和疑问句。
1. 主谓句：由主语和谓语构成的句子。
例如："The dog barks."（那只狗叫。
2. 主谓宾句：由主语、谓语和宾语构成的句子。
例如："She readsa book."（她读一本书。
）3. 主谓表句：由主语、谓语和表语（通常是形容词或名词）构成的句子。
例如："The cake tastes delicious."（这块蛋糕尝起来很美味。
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句子成分英语句子成分有主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，表语，定语，状语等。
顺序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。
1、主语：表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如：Country music has become more and more popular.（名词）We often speak English in class.（代词）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式）Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词）When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句）It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）2、谓语：谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。
可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。
We study for the people.I can speak a little English.We are reading books.He has gone to Beijing.3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后，说明主语身份、特征、属性或状态。
My sister is a nurse. （名词）Is it yours?（代词）The weather has turned cold.（形容词）The speech is exciting.（分词）Three times seven is twenty one?（数词）His job is to teach English.（不定式）His hobby is playing football.（动名词）The ruler must be in your box.（介词短语）Time is up. The class is over.（副词）The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后。
We like English. （名词）How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（数词）It began to rain.（不定式短语）I enjoy listening to popular music.（动名词短语）I think（that）he is fit for his office.（宾语从句）5、宾补: 就是宾语补足语，就是补充说明宾语的。
His father named him David.（名词）They painted their boat white.（形容词）Let the fresh air in.（副词）We saw her entering the room.（现在分词）We found everything in the lab in good order.（介词短语）6、定语: 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。
但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则放在被修饰的词之后。
Guilin is a beautiful city.（形容词）China is a developing country; America is a developed country.（分词）There are thirty women teachers in our school.（名词）His progress（进步）in English made us surprised.（代词）Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.（不定式短语）He is reading an article about how to learn English.（介词短语）7、状语: 修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分，叫做状语。
状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。
副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。
He lives in London.Light travels most quickly.（副词及副词性词组）He has lived in the city for ten years.（介词短语）He is sorry to trouble(麻烦) you.（不定式短语）He is in the room making a model plane.（分词短语）Once（一旦） you begin, you must continue.（状语从句）状语种类如下：How about meeting again at six?（时间状语）Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.（原因状语）I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.（条件状语）Mr Smith lives on the third floor.（地点状语）She put the eggs into the basket with great care.（方式状语）She came in with a dictionary in her hand.（伴随状语）In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.（目的状语）He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.（结果状语）She works very hard though she is old.（让步状语）I am taller than he is.（比较状语）指出下列句子斜体部分是什么句子成分：1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. His job is to train swimmers.5. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.6. His wish is to become a scientist.7. He wants to finish the work in time.8. Tom came to ask me for advice（建议）.9. He found it important to master English.10. Do you have anything else to say?11. Would you please tell me your address?12. He sat there, reading a newspaper.13. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.14. He noticed（注意到） a man entereing the room.15. The apples tasted sweet.判断类型和句子成分：She came．She likes English.She is happy．The teacher asked me to read the passage.She bought a book for me.She gave John a book．My head aches.She makes her mother angry．The sun was shining.He enjoys reading.I want to have a cup of tea.She ordered herself a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。
She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 她给丈夫做了一顿美餐。
I showed him my pictures.I gave my car a wash. 我洗了我的汽车。
He showed me how to run the machine. 他教我开机器。
What makes him think so? 他怎么会这样想？The children are playing happily.The Greens enjoy living in China.He became a famous doctor. 他成为了一名著名的医生。
The apple pie tastes really delicious. 苹果派吃起来真是好吃。
基本句型一： S十V主谓结构这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词：appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, fall, happen, rise, 如：学生们学习很努力。
_____________________________________基本句型二: S十V十P主系表结构常见的系动词有：be(是)； get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎)A. 表示状态的连系动词。
这些词有：be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain, 等等。
1) We should __________ __________ any time. 我们在任何时候都应该保持安静。
2) 这种食物尝起来很糟糕。
_________________________________________________.B. 表示转变或结果的系动词。
这些词有：become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等。