牛津译林版八年级下册现在完成时讲解和练习(无答案)
现在完成时讲解及练习❖现在完成时1)在什么情境下用现在完成时？➢表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。
➢表示过去发生的动作, 但强调结果或对现在的影响。
➢表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在, 也许还会继续下去的动作或状态。
➢表示去过某地几次。
2)时间状语：already, not…yet, never, just, before, ever, recently，for…，since，so far，up to now，these days, over…3)构成：have/has+done（过去分词）4)过去分词的构成：✧直接加-ed。
✧以字母e结尾的直接加d 。
✧以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i加ed。
✧重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母再加-ed。
✧不规则。
（见书后小黄页）5)句型转换：一般疑问句：把助动词have或has提到主语之前，过去分词不变。
否定句：“haven't（hasn't）＋过去分词”。
6)现在完成时Vs一般过去时现在完成时属于现在时态的范围，一般过去时属于过去时态，时间状语不能混用。
一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系。
现在完成时则相反。
eg--- I have seen the film.eg--- I saw the film last week.eg--- He has lived here since 1993.eg---- He lived here in 1993.7)have gone to Vs have been to Vs have been inhave gone to:没回来。
He has gone to Xi’an. 他去西安了。
（没回）have been to：回来了。
He has been to Xi’an twi ce. 他曾去过西安两次。
（已回）have been in: 待在某地一段时间He has been in Xi’an for weeks. 待在西安数周。
8)for Vs since：for+表示一段时间的词组。
since+表示过去某一时刻的词或词组，谓语只可用延续性动词。
eg.--- I’ve lived here for 15 years. eg.--- I’ve lived here since 15 years ago.9)短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用，需要进行转换：注意：在否定句中，短暂性动词可以与时间段连用。
如：I haven’t bought the bike for a year.我买这辆自行车还不到一年。
She hasn’t come here for an hour.她来这儿还没有一个小时。
10)一般过去时和现在完成时的区别和联系。
(Unit3补充)✓联系：两者都可以表示过去发生过的动作；过去开始并延续了一段时间的动作。
✓区别1：现在完成时：过去动作对现在的影响，强调和现在的关系。
时间状语不能混用。
一般过去式：过去动作的事实，与现在无关。
时间状语不能混用。
eg：I have lost my bike. 我丢失了我的自行车。
（现在没有自行车用。
）I lost my bike. (现在自行车已经找到。
)Who has opened the door?Who opened the door?✓区别2：现在完成时：该动作仍然在继续。
一般过去时：该动作早已终止。
eg：My uncle has lived in London for four years.My uncle lived in London for four years.一、句型转换：1. I joined the club three years ago.= I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ the club for three years.2. Tom bought the CD player ten years ago.= Tom ________ ________ the CD Player ________ ten yeas ago.3. She came here two months ago.= She ________ ________ ________ since two months ________.4. He left Shanghai three hours ago.= He ________ ________ ________ ________ Shanghai for three hours.5. Tony’s dog died a week ago.= Tony’s dog ________ ________ ________ for a week.6. The rain stopped five minutes ago.= The rain ________ ________ ________ for five minutes.7. Uncle Li arrived in Hongkong a couple of months ago.= Uncle Li ________ ________ ________ Hongkong ________ a couple of months ago.8.Helen borrowed two history books last Friday.= Helen ________ ________ two history books ________ last Friday.9. Jim’s been asleep since two hours ago. (划线提问) ________________________________________10. They’ve been to the Great Wall twice. (划线提问) ________________________________________二、根据句意，用have/has been (to/in)或者have/has gone (to) 填空：1. ---I saw you in Hilton Restaurant last night.---No, it wasn’t me. I ________ never ________ there.2.--- Sally and Sandy ________ Kowloon again.---How many times ________ they ________ there?---This is their third visit.3. I’m sorry but Mr Chen ________ the steel factory. Would you like to leave a message?4. ---Is your father in?---No, he ________ Shenzhen.---________ he ever ________ there before?---Yes, he ________ there several times.5.The Smiths ________ ________ __________Beijing for more tan 2 months.三、单项选择：( ) 1. ---Has he returned the book to our library?---No. He has ________ it for one week.A. borrowedB. lentC. keptD. bought( ) 2. British Prince William and Kate ________ since 2011.A. marriedB. have marriedC. have been marriedD. have got married( ) 3. ---Why are you worried?---I’m expecting a call from my son. He ____ New York for three days.A. has gone toB. has been toC. has been inD. has come in( ) 4. ---How long has Robert ________? ---Since 2004.A. been to BeijingB. become a policemanC. joined the art clubD. studied in this school( ) 5. The astronaut (宇航员) is so tired that the ________ for eleven hours.A. has been asleepB. has fallen asleepC. has gone to bedD. has gone to sleep四、完成句子：1、这些有趣的书孩子们已经借了一周了，是上星期借的。
2、格林先生已经去世三年半了。
3、这个会议已经结束2个小时了。
我们是在下午2点结束会议的。
4、---海豚表演开始多久了？---大约半个小时了。
赶快！5、她丈夫来无锡两年了，他自前年从美国回来就来这里了。
6、Andy和他的父母去乡下野餐了，他们明天下午才回来。
7、Mr Wu去天津开会了，他离开无锡有一周了。
8、三亚我已去过两次了，这是我见过的最美的海滩之一。
9、Tom是前年加入读书俱乐部的。
他参加该俱乐部已经有两年多了。
(2种)10、父母结婚15年了(2种)，他们是1999年结婚的。
①My parents ___________________________________________________________________②It is ___________________________________________________________________。
译林版英语八年级下册第一单元现在完成时讲解及练习
4、know_______ ________5、grow_______ ________6、find_______ ________
7、hold_______ ________8、show_______ ________9、keep_______ ________
例如：Have you found your penyet？你已找到你的钢笔了吗？
请尝试着做以下的练习
用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. I_______already_______ (see) the film.I __________ (see) itlast week.
2. ----- _______ he _________(finish) his work today ? ------Not yet.
否定句：____________________________________________________.
一般疑问句：________________________________________________?
提问：______________________________________________________?
否定句：____________________________________________________
( already用于肯定句中,改成否定和疑问句时用yet，一般放句末)
一般疑问句：________________________________________________?
b. His father has been toBeijingthreetimes.他父亲去过北京三次了。
译林版英语八年级下重点语法详解
译林版英语八年级下重点语法详解八年级下UNIT1现在完成时的重点和难点一、现在完成时的“完成用法”和“未完成用法”1.现在完成时的"完成用法"现在完成时的"完成用法"指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束，但该动作对现在产生了影响，与现在情况具有因果关系。
例如：He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。
(动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。
) 现在完成时"完成用法"的特点是动作不延续，因此，该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语(如：already，yet，before，recently等)、频度时间状语(如：never，ever，once等)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如：this morning／month／year...，today等)连用。
例如：Have you found your pen yet？你已找到你的钢笔了吗？2.现在完成时的"未完成用法"现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。
例如：He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。
(动作起始于1978年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。
)I have been in the army for more than 5 years.我在部队已经呆了五年多了。
(动作开始于5年前，一直连续至今，有可能还要连续下去。
)此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语(由since或for引导)，或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语(如：up to now，so far到目前为止)等。
例如：I have heard nothing from him up to now.到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。
注意：(1)现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词，不可用于终止性动词，即瞬间完成或延续时间很短的动词。
译林牛津版八年级下册语法现在完成时二(14张)
e.g.: Tom has been in Australia for 12 years.
注意：where、home、here、there、abroad等为 副词，后面不加介词in、to。
Exercise:用have been to, have gone to, have been in 填空
7.与一般过去时的用法比较
一.现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过去的事情，
但现在完成时注意的不是事情本身，而是强调 事情与现在保持的某种密切联系（如现在的结 果，影响;一直延续到现在等）;而一般过去时， 则只讲述发生在过去的动作和事情与现在没有 关系。
e.g.: I have seen film . I know the film.
fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be in/at+sp.
get to know --- know, get married --- be married
go (get) out --- be out put on --- wear
4. 我哥哥参加校篮球队已经两年了。 My brother has been in the school basketball team for two years.
5. 自今天早上8点钟，电视机一直开着。 The TV has been on since eight o’clock this morning.
(1). have been to 表曾经去过某地。当事人已经回来， 不在某地了。常与once、twice、次数 或ever、 never 连用。
牛津译林版英语八年级下册 Unit1 Grammar：现在完成时概括讲解及巩固提高训练
八年级下册Grammar：现在完成时1：主体含义:①表示过去发生，一直持续到现在的动作或状态；①表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响和结果。
2：基本结构:(助动词) have/ has+ 过去分词(P.P)句式：肯定：have/ has+过去分词否定：have/has+not+过去分词疑问句：have,has提前回答：用have, has回答3：过去分词的构成：①一般在动词原形末尾加ede.g. look-looked；play-played；①以e结尾的动词加de.g. live-lived；use-used①以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，变y” 为“i” 再加ede.g. study-studied；worry-worried①以一个元音和一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写这个辅音字母，再加ede.g. stop-stopped；shop-shopped control-controlledmop-mopped；fit-fitted；drop-droppedtrap-trapped；plan-planned chat-chatted；①不规则变化(见P122-123不规则动词表，需牢牢熟记!!!!)4：时间状语①already(肯定句句中或句末，“已经”)yet (否定句/疑问句，“还没有、已经”)ever (疑问句，“曾经”)never(否定句，“从不”)just(肯定句，“刚刚”)recently(肯定句/否定句/疑问句，“最近”)over the years(在这些年)*so far(迄今为止)=by now=till now=up to now (到目前为止)before (以前)once /twice / many times/How many times+问句*over /in/during the last /past....... years/days(在过去的...年/天中)①和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用。
译林英语8Bunit2 Grammar 现在完成时讲解
8 下Unit2 TravellingThe 4th period GrammarEditor : Proofreader:Class: Name:一、Learning Objectives(学习目标)●To use verbs with for and since.二、self-study preview(自学预习)(一). Task(自学任务)1. have been in, have been to 与have gone to 的用法⑴have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since, for, how long 等。
例如：Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days.▲此外还有这些搭配：have been here (there) /at home (school) /on the farmhave been here (there) / abroad⑵have(has)been to 表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。
可与just, ever, never 等连用，I have just been to the post office.Mary has never been to the Great Wall.Have you ever been to Hangzhou?▲have(has) been to 后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。
：I have been to Beijing three times.。
They have been to that village several times.⑶have(has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。
总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。
2、短暂性转换延续性现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
牛津译林版英语八下_Units 1-3 现在完成时语法讲解和练习
8BUnit1-3现在完成时语法（完整讲解）和练习（含答案）一、现在完成时讲解8BUnit1语法1. 构成：have / has + 动词过去分词2. 意义1）过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态。
She has lived here since she was born.You have studied in this school since 2014.I have taught English for 18 years. (注意：动词必须为延续性动词)2）发生在过去，对现在有影响的动作。
I have lost my key, so I can’t get into my house.Who has cleaned the window? It’s really clean.The bus has left, you must wait for the next one.I have seen the film. I won’t see it tonigh t.3）到目前为止，事情发生的次数。
I have already read this book many times.My uncle has been to France twice.How many times have you been to Beijing?★现在完成时的不同句式：1) She has lived in Wuxi since 2002.→Has she lived in Wuxi since 2002? Yes, she has./ No, she hasn’t.→She hasn’t lived in Wuxi since 2002.→How long has she lived in Wuxi?2) They have been to Shanghai three times.→Have they been to Shanghai three times?Yes, they have./ No, they haven’t.→They haven’t been to Shanghai three times.→How many times have they been to Shanghai?3.完成时常和以下时间状语连用：1)already 已经肯定句/ 特殊疑问句yet 还，仍否定句/ 一般疑问句She has already finished her homework. 句中She has finished her homework already.句末Has she finished her homework yet? 句末She hasn’t finished her homework yet. 句末2) ever 曾经肯定句/ 一般疑问句never 从未否定句I have ever seen the film. （肯定句）Have you ever seen this film? （一般疑问句）I have never seen the film. （否定句）3) since 自从+ 过去的时间点/ 一般过去时从句for 长达+ 一段时间（表示过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态）我爸爸在这住了二十年了。
牛津译林版八年级英语下册现在完成时语法知识讲解
牛津译林版八年级英语下册现在完成时语法知识讲解（一）现在完成时的构成1.现在完成时由“have(has)+过去分词”构成。
has 用于主语是第三人称单数时。
（过去分词的构成P122—123中“动词的基本形式”）①I have just finished my homework. 我刚做完功课②I have lived in Guangzhou for more than three years. 我已经在广州住了三年多了。
③My sister has seen the movie many times. 那部电影我姐姐看过好多次了。
2.现在完成时的否定句和疑问句的构成。
否定句：主语+have /has +not+过去分词+其他.说明：have和has常与not 缩写成haven’t 和hasn’t .①I haven’t seen much of him recently 最近我没怎么见到他。
②He hasn’t been to Japan.他没有去过日本。
一般疑问句：Have /Has +主语+过去分词+其它？肯定回答：Yes.主语+have /has.否定回答：No,主语+have /has not。
③---Have you finished your homework ? 你已经做完家庭作业了吗？--Yes, I have(No, I haven’t ) 是的。
（不，还没有）④---Has he passed the test yet ? 他考试及格了吗----Yes, he has . (No , he hasn’t ) 是的。
（不，没及格）巩固练习：1. The bus hasn’t arrived yet. (改成肯定句) The bus ________ _______ __________.2. I have watched the interesting film recently. (改成一般疑问句)______ you ________ the interesting films recently?3. I have already had my breakfast. (改为否定句)I ________ had my breakfast ______.4. I have already finished doing my homework. (改为一般疑问句)_____ ________ finished doing your homework ________?5. She has already worked out that difficult math problem. (改为否定句)She _________ worked out that difficult problem __________.（二）现在完成时的基本用法现在完成时有两个主要用法，“已完成”用法和“未完成”用法。
译林版英语八下现在完成时态讲解1-3单元
四、动词的过去式和过去分词的构成: 1. 规则变化
visit visited visited repair repaired repaired watch watched watched finish finished finished
verb＋ed
move moved live lived love loved like liked
• 原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的 单词，结尾字母一般是t或d。
• 特殊：动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与 原形一致，read-read-read，但发音分别是[ri:d][red]-[red]。
ABA
有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的:
run-ran-run come-came-come become-became-become overcome-overcame-overcome
moved lived loved liked
以e结mopped trap trapped trapped plan planned planned
双写＋ed
注:以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词, 双写最后一个辅音字母＋ed
study studied studied hurry hurried hurried
eg. He has eaten supper.
They have eaten supper.
2.疑问句 现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提
到主语之前。 (回答用“Yes，---have/has．／“No， ---haven’t/hasn’t．” ）
eg. Has he eaten supper?
say,pay,lay
-n
牛津译林版八年级英语下册现在完成时语法知识讲解
牛津译林版八年级英语下册现在完成时语法知识讲解（一）现在完成时的构成1.现在完成时由“have(has)+过去分词”构成。
has 用于主语是第三人称单数时。
（过去分词的构成P122—123中“动词的基本形式”）①I have just finished my homework. 我刚做完功课②I have lived in Guangzhou for more than three years. 我已经在广州住了三年多了。
③My sister has seen the movie many times. 那部电影我姐姐看过好多次了。
2.现在完成时的否定句和疑问句的构成。
否定句：主语+have /has +not+过去分词+其他.说明：have和has常与not 缩写成haven’t 和hasn’t .①I haven’t seen much of him recently 最近我没怎么见到他。
②He hasn’t been to Japan.他没有去过日本。
一般疑问句：Have /Has +主语+过去分词+其它？肯定回答：Yes.主语+have /has.否定回答：No,主语+have /has not。
③---Have you finished your homework ? 你已经做完家庭作业了吗？--Yes, I have(No, I haven’t ) 是的。
（不，还没有）④---Has he passed the test yet ? 他考试及格了吗----Yes, he has . (No , he hasn’t ) 是的。
（不，没及格）巩固练习：1. The bus hasn’t arrived yet. (改成肯定句) The bus ________ _______ __________.2. I have watched the interesting film recently. (改成一般疑问句)______ you ________ the interesting films recently?3. I have already had my breakfast. (改为否定句)I ________ had my breakfast ______.4. I have already finished doing my homework. (改为一般疑问句)_____ ________ finished doing your homework ________?5. She has already worked out that difficult math problem. (改为否定句)She _________ worked out that difficult problem __________.（二）现在完成时的基本用法现在完成时有两个主要用法，“已完成”用法和“未完成”用法。
江苏省赣榆县门河中学牛津译林版八年级英语下册：unit3 现在完成时语法知识点讲解习题(无答案)
一现在完成时的构成:主语+ have/has + 过去分词(过去分词:规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同;不规则动词需要特殊记忆。
)( )1.I Enghish in this school since 1999(A)taught (B)have taught (C)tea (D)would teach( )2.Kate her grand mother's photo before(A)haven't seen (B)have seen (C)see (D)hasn't seen( )3. Mary you these days.(A)Has,seen (B)Do,see (C)Did,see (D)Is,seeing( )4.so far ,we thousands of Building in Quanzhou(A)build (B)have build (C)build (D)will build二、否定式:主语+ haven’t/hasn’t + 过去分词。
疑问式: Have /Has + 主语+ 过去分词?简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has.(肯定) No, 主语+ haven’t/hasn’t.(否定)( )1.—Have you finished your work? —.(A).Yes,I have. (B)Yes,I do. (C)Yes,I am. (D)Yes,I did.( )2.—Has she ever learned English? —(A)Yes, she has. (B)Yes, she does. (C)No, she doesn’t (D)No, she has三现在完成时的含义之一表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与never/ever，just，already/yet，before。
等连用。