英语翻译之词语的选择

• 语言的形式与意义之间的关系可粗略划分 成以下三种： F1→M1; F1→Mx; Fx→M1（F代表形式， M代表意义，x＞1） • 明辨词义不仅是翻译的起点，而且也是翻 译的基础和关键环节。用词错误往往会影 响整个句子、乃至整篇文章的意思，正所 谓“差之毫厘，谬以千里。”
• Operate：
Specially equipped troops are operating undercover activities in the hills. 专门部队在山上进行秘密训练。 We have representatives operating in most countries. 我们在许多国家都有代理开展业务。 Exchange rates are currently operating to the advantage of exports. 目前的汇率走势对出口有利。 Destructive forces are clearly operating within the community. 显然社区中有破坏势力在活动。
英译汉中常用的确定词义的手段
一、根据词语搭配和上下文选择词义
• • • •
– – – – – – He reached his hand out for the book I offered him. We tried to reach them by cable. She reached up and picked a pear off a branch. The speaker's voice couldn't reach to the back of the auditorium. The insecticide was put out of the child's reach. The upper reaches of Minjiang River serves as ecological barriers of Sichuan Province and even the west of China.
英语翻译之词语的选择
第三章 词语的选择
• • • • • • • • • • •
学历造假 散伙饭 具有时效性的 录取分数线 经适房 家庭主男 小白脸，吃软饭的 二奶 另类 菜鸟 裸奔
• fabricate academic credentials • farewell dinner • time-efficient • admission scores • affordable housing • house-husband • kept man • kept woman • offbeat • rookie • streaking
• 发展是硬道理。 Development is the absolute / cardinal / primary principle.
• 假日经济在我国已经呈现出广阔的发展前景。 The holiday economy promises remarkable growth. The holiday economy holds great promise of growth. The holiday economy has remarkable potential for growth. The holiday economy has the prospect of remarkable growth.
他伸出手来接我给他的书。 我们试着用电报跟他们联络。 她抬起手从一根枝上摘下一只梨。 礼堂后排听不到演讲人的声音。
•
杀虫剂放在孩子够不着的地方。
•
Leabharlann Baidu
岷江上游是四川省乃至我国西南重要的生态屏障
1. We had a grand view of a sea of clouds when we climbed to the top of the mountain. 当我们爬上了山巅时，看到了云海的壮观景象。 2. We must do away with the grandiose style of work. 我们必须摈弃浮夸的工作作风。 3. It is indeed the most magnificent drawing-room I have ever seen. 那的确是我所见到的最豪华的客厅。 4. The buildings around the Circus are rather nondescript, though some of them are large and quite imposing. 广场周围的建筑物并不起眼，不过其中有一些还比较高 大、宏伟。 5. Whenever the stately national anthem is performed, I am invariably emotionally roused. 每当奏起庄严的国歌时，我总在感情上受到激发。
1. 集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development 2. 坚持对话,不搞对抗 persist in dialogue, refrain from confrontation 3. 不搞劳民伤财的“形象工程” refrain from building “vanity projects ”that waste both money and manpower 4. 对内搞活，对外开放 revitalize domestic economy, open up to the outside world 5. 恶搞 spoof
He took the machine to pieces to try and find out how it operated. 他把机器拆开，想看看机器怎么运转的。 If there’s an electrical failure, it’s possible to operate the lift manually. 如果停电，可以由人力开动电梯。 Changes are being introduced to make the department operate more efficiently. 变革正在进行，以提高部门的工作效率。