成人高考专升本英语同义词辨析一
XX成人高考英语考试同义词复习资料

XX成人高考英语考试同义词复习资料要想在成考考试中取得好,首先还得复习好相应的同义词复习资料。
那么成人高考英语考试同义词复习资料有哪些呢?下面为大家的成人高考英语考试同义词复习资料,希望大家喜欢。
sway 的原义同上pretend feign assume affect都含“假装”的意思。
pretend 指“感觉到某事,而在言行上装出是真的”,如:pretend not to hear假装没听见。
feign 指“精心装有或装作”,如:feign deafness装聋。
assume 指“装出有某种感情的样子,以掩饰其真正的感情”,如:She assumed a look of sorrow.她假装着悲伤的样子。
affect 指“为到达某种效果而假装有某种特征或情感”,如:affect a British aent装英国腔affect effect influence作为动词,都含“影响”的意思。
affect 指“产生的影响之大足以引起反响”,着重“影响”的动作,有时含有“对……产生不利影响”的意思,如:This article will affect my thinking.这篇文章将会影响我的思想。
effect 指“实现”、“达成”,着重“造成”一种特殊的效果,如:This book effected a change in my opinion.这本书使我的看法起了变化。
1. weight 净重2.gross weight 毛重3.measurement 尺码4.packing 包装5.sales contract No. 售货合同编号6.packing list 装箱单7.package No. 包装箱号码8.total packages 包装总数9.case No. 箱号10.specification 规格11.country of origin 生产国别,原产国12.contract of purchase 订购合同1.We stick to a consistent policy in our foreign trade work.我们的对外贸易政策是一贯的。
2019年成考专升本《英语》同义词辨析(1)

2019年成考专升本《英语》同义词辨析(1)forbid ban prohibit都含“禁止”的意思。
forbid系常用词,指“命令某人不做某事”,如:The doctor forbids him to smoke.医生禁止他吸烟。
ban语气较重,指机关“正式禁止”,含“严厉谴责”之意,只能用事物作其宾语,如:Ban atomic and nuclear weapons!禁止原子武器和核武器!prohibit指“通过法律或政府法令禁止”,如:The soldiers were prohibited from leaving camp after dark.permit allow let都含“准许”的意思。
permit 和allow 在很多情况下能够通用,但它较allow 正式,含有“积极地、从正面地允许”的意义,如:They don't permit you to smoke.他们不允许你抽烟。
allow 指“并不反对”或“不加阻止”,偏重“默许”或“听任”,含义较消极,如:Each passenger is allowed twenty -five kilogrammes of luggage.每位旅客允许携带二十五公斤的行李。
let 是三个词中最不正式的,较口语化,而语意最弱,指“给予可能或同意”,有时含“难以阻止或限制”之意,如:Let him wait.让他等一等。
Let ,allow,permit,grant这组动词都有“允许”或“让”的意思。
let 是个普通词,常要求复合宾语,在不定式作宾语补足语时,总省去不定式符号to,有时在一定的上下文中可省去宾语补足语:let,allow这两个动词都有“让”或“允许”的意思,仔细研究后能够看到很多情况下,这两个词并不能通用。
let 所表示的“允许”含有“不阻止”(notto prevent)的意思,如:Let's go into the garage and have a look at it.咱们到汽车修配厂去看看吧。
2023年成人学位英语考试同义词近义词辨析

account for 阐明(原因等);解释His unhappy childhood ____ his bad temper.(1997.6)A.counts forB.accounts forC.makes forD.goes fortake into account 考虑;重视I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into _____ when judging my examination.A.regardB.accountC.countingD.observationI'd ______ his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.A.take into accountB.account forC.make up forD.make outaccuse sb.of sth. 控告(某人某事)=charge sb.with sthThe customer accused the cook ____ using canned potatoes.A.forB.withC.ofD.againstThe soldier was ___________ of running away when the enemy attacked.A.scoldedB.chargedC.accusedD.punishedThe shop assistant was dismissed as she was ________ of cheating customers .A.accusedB.chargedC.scoldedD.cursedaccustom sb to sth. 使某人适应某件事情=be accustomed to sth.=adapt sb to sthHe finds it difficult to _____ himself to the climate here.A.accountB.accustomC.applyD.adaptact on 按照…而行动You should act _____ the advice of your doctor.A. toB.onC.atD.astake advantage of 趁…之机, 运用=make use ofSuch a skilled tennis player knows how to take ______of his opponent’s chief weakness.A. useB.advantageC.utility C.chanceHer fluency in English gives her an advantage _____ other girls for the job.A.aboveB.overC.thanD.withafford to (买)得起(某物);承担旳起We don't need air conditioning, _____.A.nor can we afford it C.neither can afford itB.and nor we can afford it D.and we can neither afford itOnly those who can ___ to lose their money should make high-risk investments.A.maintain C.endureB.sustain D.affordallow for 考虑到apply for 提出申请(或规定等)He applied for a post to the college.apply...to 把…应用于We should apply what we learn in the classroon to the practice.approve of 赞成, 满意If only the committee _________ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.A.approveB.will approveC.can approveD.would approveassist sb.with sth./assist sb.in doing sth 协助某人做某事He asked us to _____ them in carrying through their plan.A.provideB.arouseC.assistD.persistassure sb.of sth./that 使(某人)确信A.toB.atC.onD.withattend to 专心;照顾, 护理pay attention to 注意;重视belong to 属于;附属A. whateverB.wheneverC.whicheverD.wherevermake the best of 充足运用…care for ①喜欢;②照顾She doesn’t care for movies about violenceThe house was well cared for.catch on 理解, 明白, 变得流行I didn’t understand anything at first, but now I am beginning to catch on.catch up with 赶上;指出…出了差错Aris was in hospital for two weeks, so she’s been working hard to catch up with the others. He sp oke so quickly that I didn’t _______ what he said. (1992.6)A.receiveB.acceptC.listenD.catchcharge s.b with s.th=accuse s.b of s.th 指控某人犯有某种罪行charge: 要价Urban crowdedness would be greatly relieved if only the __C___ charged on public transport were more reasonable.A.feesB.paymentsC.faresD.costsThis hotel _____ $ 60 for a single room with bath.A.claimsB.demandsC.pricesD.chargeskeep company with 与…交往;和…亲热consult with 与…商议(协商)contribute to 有助于…, 促成Medical research has shown that the widespread of use of cigarettes contributes _____ the increase of cancers.A.towardsB.forC.withD.toStudies show that the things that contribute most to a sense of happiness cannot be bought, __________ a good family life, friendship and work satisfaction.A.as forB.in view ofC.in case ofD.such asA.attribute toB.contribute toC.attend toD.devote toconvince sombody of something 使某人确信某事cope with 对付…, 妥善处理count on 依托;期待, 指望You can never____ that fellow for help at a critical moment.(1994.6)A.take onB.hold onC.count onD.hang oncut back 削减;缩减The factory’s production has been cut back.cut down 减少, 减少We must cut down expenses or we’ll get into debt.cut off 切掉;切断They will cut the electricity off if you don’t pay the bill.cut out 切掉;删掉If you want to get thin you must cut out your fat.deal with 应付, 处理There is no one here who can _____ the problem.(1994.6)A.see offB.treatC.deal withD.set updeal in 经营take delight in 以…为乐devote oneself to 献身于;致力于He devote himself to teaching and win the respects of the students.distinguish …from…把…同…辨别开It is important to ________between the rules of grammar and the conventions of written language.A.determineB.identifyC.exploreD.distinguishdo away with 废除, 去掉It’s time to do away with some old regulations.do without 没有…也行;将就If there is no bread, we must do without (it).draw a conclusion 得出结论drop by/in 顺便走访, 非正式访问Why don’t you drop in and see me?bring into effect 实行, 实现, 实行come into effect 开始生效, 开始实行take effect (药等)见效We are interested in the weather because it _____ us so directly ---- what we wear, what we do, and even how we feel.A.benefitsB.affectsC.guidesD.effectsOnce out of the earth's gravity, the astronauts is _____ by the problem of weightlessness.A.affectedB.effectedC.inclinedD.relatedCritics believe that the control of television by mass advertising has ______ the quality of the programs.A.lessenedB.declinedC.affectedD.effectedend up 结束, 告终;竖着end up with 以…而结束It is high time that such practices __________ .A.are endedB.be endedC.were endedD.must be endedensure sb.against 保护某人免受…equip with 装备, 配置There is a fully ______ health center on the ground floor of the main office building.A.installedB.equippedC.providedD.projectedcatch sb.'s eye 引起(某人)注目keep an eye on 照看;留心In the experiment we kept a watchful eye ____ the developments and recorded every detail.A.inB.atC.forD.onface up to 勇敢地对付;大胆面向Eve is too young to face up t her parents’ divorce.fail to 不能, 记忆She keeps a supply of candles in the house in case of power ______.A.failureckC.absenceD.dropfall behind 落在…背面, 跟不上His study falls behinds other students in his class.feel like 感到想要做Do you feel like going to a movie?figure out 计算出;估计;理解Helen figured out the answer.I can’t figure out what he intende d to say.fill in /out 填充, 填写, 临时替代Have all the blanks been filled in?catch fire 着火, 烧着do sb.a favour 给某人以恩惠The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _______ his arguments in favour of the new theory.A.to be based onB.to base onC.which to base onD.on which to basefocus...on 使眼睛注视, 集中All her energies are __________ upon her children and she seems to have little time for anything else.A.guidedB.aimedC.directedD.focusedset free 释放, 使获得自由make friends with 与…交朋友make fun of 取笑, 讥笑hang up 把…挂起来;挂断hang on (vi.) 坚持If you hang on, you’ll succeed.happen to 碰巧head for 朝…方向走去identify with 认为…等同于inform s.b of s.th告知某人某件事情A.resignB.rejectC.retreatD.replaceThe manager promised to keep me _____ of how our business was going on.A.to be informedB.on informingrmedrmingWe desire that the tour leader ____ us immediately of any change in plans.rmrmsrmedD.has informedWe regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are ____.A.out of workB.out of stockC.out of reachD.out of practiceThe president promised to keep all the board members of how the negotiations were going on.rm C.be informedrming rmedtake interest in 对…感(产生)爱好Through out his life, Henry Moore _____ an interest in encouraging art in the city of Leeds.A.containedB.securedC.reservedD.maintainedplay a joke on sb. 开某人旳玩笑have no lack of 不缺乏lead to 通向, 导致;引起=bring about=result inlet down 放下;减少;使…失望I was depending on Esther, but she let me down.let out ①放掉(水等);②泄漏(秘密)I’ll tell you a secret, but you mustn’t let it out.go beyond the limit 超过程度long for 渴望fall in love with 相爱, 爱上…major in 专攻, 专修name sth after sth 用…命名…object to…反对…to say nothing of 更不必说pass away 消失;去世;终止George’s mother passed away three months ago.pass by 走过;(时间)逝去pass on 把…传给他人Please pass on the secret word “water” to the next person. pay back 偿还(借款等);回报I owe you some money.Let me pay you back.pay off 还清(债款)Some families never pay their debts off.preserve sth from 保护…使…免遭=protect sth from=shelter sth fromprevent sth/sb from 制止(某物/某人)做某事=stop sth/sb from=keep sth/sb fromNot having a good command of English can be a serious_____preventing you from achieving your goals.A.obstacleB.faultC.offenseD.distressThey took ________ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.A.fruitfulB.beneficialC.validD.effectivereact on 对…有影响react to 对…起反应refer oneself to 依赖, 求援于refer to sb./sth.as 把…称作rest in 存在于, 由于Why do people work? The answer rests in the kind of pride that is stimulated by the job, by the activity of accomplishing.rest on 根据, 信任I have been told that much of the knowledge does not rest on reasoning or on experiment, but on authority.rely on 依托, 依赖, 依仗remark on 评论, 谈论, 议论remind sb.of sth. 让某人想起了某事get rid of 挣脱, 除去save up 储蓄;贮存;节省search after 探索;寻找send for 派人去请;召唤;索取The manager sent for me and asked for an explanation.show in 领入, 领进来show off (vi.)炫耀,卖弄Do you like people who show off?show up (vi.) 出席, 露面Only nine members showed up at the meeting.smell of 有…旳气味stand by 站在旁边;支持I am your friend.I’ll always stand by you.stand for ①代表;②容忍(一般用于否认句)The sign“+”stands for plus.We cannot stand for such bad living conditions.stand in one's way 阻碍, 阻碍stand out 突出, 显眼, 杰出She will stand out from the crowd because of her height and her bright red eye. stand up for 维护;坚持“Stand up for what you believe” Roger told John.stay up 不睡觉, 熬夜Father often stayed up working.stick to 坚持;忠于;信守I will stick to the principle and never break it.switch off (用开关)关掉switch on (用开关)启动talk over 商议, (充足)讨论We talked over the business before reaching the conclusion.tell...from 辨别, 辨别;认出tell...apart 把…辨别开lose one's temper 发火, 发脾气stand the test 经受住考验treat sb.as 把…待如;把…看作take turns 依次, 轮番put to use 使用, 运用come into use 开始被使用After being tested in many ways, this newly-designed machine will _____ in the near future.A.take its placeB.put into usee into useD.take actionuse up 用完, 耗尽;花完=run out ofwork out 算出;设计出;制定出Father is still trying to work out his tax.We must work out a better method of saving water.work at 从事于, 致力于Bob is still working at the new book.yield to…容忍, 忍受We love peace, yet we are not the kind of people to yield ________ any military thr eat.A.upB.toC.inD.at成人本科学位英语常考短动词短语12023-03-27 21:01:41| 分类: 英语词汇|字号订阅account for 阐明(原因等);解释His unhappy childhood ____ his bad temper.(1997.6)A.counts forB.accounts forC.makes forD.goes fortake into account 考虑;重视I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into _____ when judging my examination.A.regardB.accountC.countingD.observationI'd ______ his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision about whether or not to approve a loan.A.take into accountB.account forC.make up forD.make outaccuse sb.of sth. 控告(某人某事)=charge sb.with sthThe customer accused the cook ____ using canned potatoes.A.forB.withC.ofD.againstThe soldier was ___________ of running away when the enemy attacked.A.scoldedB.chargedC.accusedD.punishedThe shop assistant was dismissed as she was ________ of cheating customers .A.accusedB.chargedC.scoldedD.cursedaccustom sb to sth. 使某人适应某件事情=be accustomed to sth.=adapt sb to sthHe finds it difficult to _____ himself to the climate here.A.accountB.accustomC.applyD.adaptact on 按照…而行动You should act _____ the advice of your doctor.A. toB.onC.atD.astake advantage of 趁…之机, 运用=make use ofSuch a skilled tennis player knows how to take ______of his opponent’s chief weakness.A. useB.advantageC.utility C.chanceHer fluency in English gives her an advantage _____ other girls for the job.A.aboveB.overC.thanD.withafford to (买)得起(某物);承担旳起We don't need air conditioning, _____.A.nor can we afford it C.neither can afford itB.and nor we can afford it D.and we can neither afford itOnly those who can ___ to lose their money should make high-risk investments.A.maintain C.endureB.sustain D.affordallow for 考虑到apply for 提出申请(或规定等)He applied for a post to the college.apply...to 把…应用于We should apply what we learn in the classroon to the practice.approve of 赞成, 满意If only the committee _________ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.A.approveB.will approveC.can approveD.would approveassist sb.with sth./assist sb.in doing sth 协助某人做某事He asked us to _____ them in carrying through their plan.A.provideB.arouseC.assistD.persistassure sb.of sth./that 使(某人)确信A.toB.atC.onD.withattend to 专心;照顾, 护理pay attention to 注意;重视belong to 属于;附属A. whateverB.wheneverC.whicheverD.wherevermake the best of 充足运用…care for ①喜欢;②照顾She doesn’t care for movies about violenceThe house was well cared for.catch on 理解, 明白, 变得流行I didn’t understand anything at first, but now I am beginning to cat ch on.catch up with 赶上;指出…出了差错Aris was in hospital for two weeks, so she’s been working hard to catch up with the others. He spoke so quickly that I didn’t _______ what he said. (1992.6)A.receiveB.acceptC.listenD.catchcharge s.b with s.th=accuse s.b of s.th 指控某人犯有某种罪行charge: 要价Urban crowdedness would be greatly relieved if only the __C___ charged on public transport were more reasonable.A.feesB.paymentsC.faresD.costsThis hotel _____ $ 60 for a single room with bath.A.claimsB.demandsC.pricesD.chargeskeep company with 与…交往;和…亲热consult with 与…商议(协商)contribute to 有助于…, 促成Medical research has shown that the widespread of use of cigarettes contributes _____ the increase of cancers.A.towardsB.forC.withD.toStudies show that the things that contribute most to a sense of happiness cannot be bought, __________ a good family life, friendship and work satisfaction.A.as forB.in view ofC.in case ofD.such asA.attribute toB.contribute toC.attend toD.devote toconvince sombody of something 使某人确信某事cope with 对付…, 妥善处理count on 依托;期待, 指望You can never____ that fellow for help at a critical moment.(1994.6)A.take onB.hold onC.count onD.hang on cut back 削减;缩减The factory’s production has been cut back.cut down 减少, 减少We must cut down expenses or we’ll get into debt.cut off 切掉;切断They will cut the electricity off if you don’t pay the bill.cut out 切掉;删掉If you want to get thin you must cut out your fat.at al times 总是, 一直at best充其量at first sight 初见, 乍见at leisure 闲暇时at a loss 不知所措at peace/war 与…友好/战争at times 间或。
(十九)专升本一 英语高频词汇辨析

71. way/means/method/approachway:较常用,泛指任何方式方法,既可指具体方法,又可指抽象方法;既可指一般的方法,又可指个人独特的方式。
means:指任何用来达到目的的东西,可指整套的行动、方法、策略、手段等,也可指器具、工具、机器等。
method:指科学、系统、合乎逻辑的有效方法。
approach:指经过研究、探讨而获得的处理某个具体问题的方法,后接名词时要用介词to。
72. about/almost/nearly/approximatelyabout:大概,大约。
指不能肯定某事确切发生的时间,不能肯定事情确切多少,以及不能肯定距离远近。
almost:几乎,差不多。
指想要表达的意思不是百分之百精确。
almost强调“差一点儿”。
nearly:几乎,差不多。
nearly通常表示“接近”的意思。
approximately:大概,近乎。
指或多或少知道某事或某人的情况。
73. active/energetic/vigorous/dynamicactive:活跃的。
指有进取心,行动积极,也指气氛热烈而活跃。
energetic:有活力的,精力旺盛的。
指人精力充沛,干劲儿大。
vigorous:有力的,精力充沛的。
强调有一种耗之不尽的活力,并充满了生气和精力。
dynamic:有活力的,强有力的。
如:a man of dynamic personalities性格活跃的人。
74. accurate/exact/precise/conciseaccurate:准确的,精确的。
强调正确无误。
如:an accurate account of the accident对事故的准确报道。
exact:准确的,确切的。
强调质和量方面都分毫不差,与事实完全相符。
如:the exact meaning of a word某字的确切意义。
precise:精确的,准确的。
强调精密,完全吻合。
如:a precise translation准确的翻译。
专升本英语近义词辨析总结

1.attitude 一般表示对某事一时的看法或态度例:what’s yourattitude to this plan ? 对于这个计划,你有什么意见?manner 只成为一个人的习惯,特征的态度和举止。
例:I don’t like make friends with him,because he was a very rude manner。
我不想和他交朋友,因为他的态度很粗鲁。
2.appear 强调外表上给人某种印象,有时含有实质上本非如此之意。
例:He appears to be quite old。
他显得很老(是指他显得老,但实际情况未必一定如此)seem 暗示判断有一定依据,这种判断往往接近事实。
例:He seems to be quite old。
他看上去似乎很老。
(可能他的确很老)look 着重指由视觉得出的某种印象,强调直观上“看起来”。
例:He looked very tired but he was still cheerful。
他看上去很累,但仍然很高兴。
3.(1). it 用来指代上文提到的具体的人或物,可以作主语,宾语。
例:I’ve bought a pen and it cost me 10 dollars。
我买了一支钢笔,花了我10美元。
(2). one 用来代替前面出现的单数名词,是泛指概念,相当于“a / an + 单数名词”。
例:I’ve lost my pen。
I’m going to buy a new one tomorrow。
我把钢笔丢了,我打算明天买一支新的。
(3). Ones 用来代替前面出现的复数名词,是泛指概念。
例:He likes American novels,especially twenty century ones。
他喜欢美国小说,尤其是20世纪的小说。
(4). the one 用来代替前面特指的单数名词,有时可用that 代替(尤其在有后置定语的情况下)例:I like the book,the one which lies on the left。
专升本英语近义词辨析(1)

pro傲的”,“傲慢的”。 • proud意为自尊的,自负的,指自己感觉比 别人强,感到光荣或得意; • arrogant意为傲慢的,自大的,含有趾高气 扬,咄咄逼人的意味,常用于小人得志的 情况。
• It was a (proud, arrogant) moment for my cousin when she shook hands with the President. • proud • 我表姐与总统握手时她十分骄傲。
词语辨析
argue
debate
v.都有争论,辩论的意思。 • argue暗示引证理由或证据来支持自己的观 点,主张和看法; • debate意思为正式辩论,通常指在对立的 两派或持有对立看法的人们之间就某一公 开的问题就行争论。
• The whole nation watched the two candidates (arguing, debating) the issue of raising taxes on TV. • debating • 整个国家观看电视上两位候选人就提高税 率而进行的辩论。
• Adj. • rambling指(建筑物,街道等)布局凌乱的; • rumbling指发出隆隆声。
• Deep at night, they could still hear gun-fire (rambling, rumbling) in the distance. • rumbling • 深夜他们仍能听到远处隆隆的枪声。
• 4.Some people watch television so much that they cannot (conceive, imagine) of living without it. • conceive • 一些人看电视太多,他们无法想象没有电 视的生活。
专升本英语词义辨析

英语常用同义词辨析1. adopt, adapt, acquire, acceptadopt vt. 采纳、采用 adapt vt. 使适应accept vt. 接受 acquire vt.得到,获得知识 ( 经验 )2. accident, event, incident这一组名词都可表示“事件” ,但 accident “事故”,多指意外的事件或偶然事件。
如: a railway accident 铁路事故。
event “事件”,常指重大事件或历史事件。
如:the ten chief events in the world last year 去年世界上的十大事件。
incident “事件”,既可指日常生活小事件,又可指引起国际事端的事件。
如: an ordinary incident 日常小事, the Lugouqiao Incident 芦沟桥事变。
3. accomplish, complete, finish, fulfill这四个动词都可作“完成”解。
accomplish 强调“完成”任务等的过程而不是方式。
如: It took us 40 days to accomplish this work. 我们花了40 天时间才完成这项工作。
complete 着重“完成”任务等的结果。
如: Shehas completed the book. 她已经写完这本书了。
finish 通常指“完成”日常事务。
如:Have you finished your homework? 你完成家庭作业了吗 ? fulfill 强调“完成”预定的目标。
如:The task must be fulfilled asquickly as possible. 这个任务必须尽快完成。
4. accomplishment, achievement,fulfilment, establishmentaccomplishment :“成绩、成就、才艺、技艺”achievement :“成绩、成就、功业、功绩”fulfilment :“履行、完成”establishment :“建立、确定”5. admit, acknowledge, confessadmit 承认,供认,指压力、强迫等不得不承认acknowledge 指公开承认confess 承认,招供罪行或过错等6. advantage, benefit, interest, profitadvantage “有利条件、优势”benefit “好处” profit “益处、利润”interest “利益、利息”7. affect, effectaffect vt. 影响,多指消极影响,主语一般多是物而不是人。
成人高考高起点《英语》复习同义词解析(1)

Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a call-box.
获得了许可后,一名警察陪他来到公用电话亭。
composed of men of the same nationality or who spoke a common language.
法令指出连队应当尽可能地由同一民族的人或操同一语言的人组成
lift lift 指“用体力或机械力把某物从地面举到一定的高度”,如:
She can lift a pail of water from the ground.
当从海底提上来一只箱子时,船上出现了极为兴奋的场面。
Our vicar is always raising money for one cause or another.
我们的牧师老是在为这桩或那桩事募款。
rear 和 raise 在文学语言中常互换使用。在表示养育儿童时,rear 为美国南 方各州惯用词
现在必须垂直着提升馅饼盘,因为盘的一边靠在运河的侧面上。
raise 在用于“提升”的意义时,可包含费力也可能不包含费力,但总带有 “垂直”提升的意思;在用于比喻时,可以表示喂羊家畜、家禽,照料农作物的 生长,募集资金,抬募军队,养育儿童等
…there was tremendous excitement on board when a chest was raised from the bottom……。
成人高考高起点《英语》复习同义词解析(1)
The teacher allows too much noise in the classroom
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
成人高考专升本英语同义词辨析(一)
forbid ban prohibit 都含"禁止"的意思。
forbid
系常用词,指"命令某人不做某事",如:
The doctor forbids him to smoke.
医生禁止他吸烟。
ban
语气较重,指权威机关"正式禁止",含"严厉谴责"之意,只能用事物作其宾语,如:
Ban atomic and nuclear weapons!
禁止原子武器和核武器!
prohibit
指"通过法律或政府法令禁止",如:
The soldiers were prohibited from leaving camp after dark.
天黑后士兵不准离开营房。
permit allow let 都含"准许"的意思。
permit 和 allow 在许多情况下可以通用,但它较 allow 正式,含有"积极地、从正面地允许"的意义,如:
They don’t permit you to smoke.
他们不允许你抽烟。
allow 指"并不反对"或"不加阻止",偏重"默许"或"听任",含义较消极,如:
Each passenger is allowed twenty -five kilogrammes of luggage.
每位旅客允许携带二十五公斤的行李。
let 是三个词中最不正式的,较口语化,而语意最弱,指"给予可能或同意",有时
含"难以阻止或限制"之意,如:
Let him wait.
让他等一等。
Let , allow, permit, grant这组动词都有"允许"或"让"的意思。
let 是个普通词,常要求复合宾语,在不定式作宾语补足语时,总省去不定式符号to,有时在一定的上下文中可省去宾语补足语:let, allow这两个动词都有"让"或"允许"的意思,仔细研究后可以看到许多情况下,这两个词并不能通用。
let 所表示的"允许"含有"不阻止"(notto prevent)的意思,如:
Let’s go into the garage and have a look at it.
咱们到汽车修配厂去看看吧。
She said her future husband would not let her make another film.
她说她的未婚夫不会让她再拍电影了。
(此句用would not let,意思是"阻止")
When the bull got close to him, he clumsily stepped aside to let it pass.
当公牛接近了他时,他笨拙地向一旁一闪,把公牛让了过去。
Then he sits and barks until someone lets him out.
然后它坐着吠叫,直到有人把它放出去为止。
The third baseman let the ball roll between his feet.
第三名垒手让球从他的两只脚之间滚了过去。
而allow所表示的"允许"含有"容忍"(forbearance of prohibition)的意思
Please allow me to introduce Mr Brown to you.
请允许我把布朗先生向你介绍一下。
Now we are not allowed to touch it.
现在是不让我们碰一碰它的。
注:let somebody do something(让某人做某事)作宾语补足语的不定式省去to,而allow somebody to do something(让某人做某事)作宾语补足语的不定式带to.allow与permit也可以用于allow(permit)somebody to do something的句子结构,但也可以要
求简单宾语或表示行为的名词作宾语。
这三个词都能表示"没能阻止"或"不去阻止",但是let 并不包含allow和permit所共有的这层含义:有能力、有权威不去禁止或不去防止某事,有时表示由于笨拙疏忽而放过去,如:
The teacher allows too much noise in the classroom
那位老师听任教室内有过分的嘈杂声。
He should have known that the police would never allow this sort of thing.
他应该知道,警察是不会允许这种事情的。
The dogs have greater freedom too, for they are allowed to wander outside thei r enclosure.
那些狗也有了较大的自由,因为允许它们在栅栏外面到处跑跑。
而permit又不包含allow的这样一层含义:克制着自己不去禁止,而allow却不包含permit的这样的含义:同意或者默许,如:
We do not allow (or permit) gambling.
我们不允许赌博;
grant 所表示的"允许"包含这样的意思:上级就下级的要求,把自认为是一种恩惠或权利给予别人,如:
He requested that the premier grant him an internview.
他要求那位总理接见他一次。
Permission was granted and a policeman accompanied him to a call-box.
获得了许可后,一名警察陪他来到公用电话亭。
composed of men of the same nationality or who spoke a common language.
法令指出连队应当尽可能地由同一民族的人或操同一语言的人组成。
lift raise elevate 都含"举起"的意思。
lift 指"用体力或机械力把某物从地面举到一定的高度",如:
She can lift a pail of water from the ground.
她能把一桶水提起来。
raise 与Lift 可换用,但着重"垂直高举"或"将物件由较低处移至较高处的适宜位置,以发挥应有的作用",如:
raise a flag.
升旗。
elevate 指"提高(嗓子、思想等)",如:
Good reading elevates the mind.
阅读好书可使思想高尚。