厦门大学研究生综合英语Unit+One+read+more
研究生英语综合教程(下)Unit1课件PPT
04 Cultural knowledge expansion cultural background
单击此处添加正文，文字是您思想的 提炼，为了最终呈现发布的良好效果 ，请尽量言简意赅的阐述观点；单击 此处添加正文，文字是您思想的提炼 ，为了最终呈现发布的良好效果，请 尽量言简意赅的阐述观点；单击此处 添加正文，文字是您思想的提炼，为 了最终呈现发布的良好效果，请尽量 言简意赅的阐述观点；单击此处添加 正文 10*16
Graduate English Comprehensive Course
(Part 2) Uni
目录
CONTENTS
• Course Introduction • Text Analysis • Language skill improvement • Cultural knowledge expansion • Classroom interaction and discussion • After class homework and requirements
Academic writing style
Adopting an academic writing style that is clear, concise, and formal, with proper use of citations and references.
Oral skills
Public speaking skills
Developing the ability to speak confidently and effectively in public, including the ability to deliver clear and coherent presentations.
研究生英语综合教程unit 1 答案
1. line1 Globalization is steadily and inexorably knitting separate national economies into a single world economy. Basic economic forces so far have outweighed political efforts to slow this trend. Efforts to buck the effects of economic integration have ranged from ant-globalization protests to Congressional efforts to prevent American companies from reincorporating abroad.1.全球化正持续不断地把各国相互独立的经济联合成一个统一的世界经济。
迄今为止，在延缓这一趋势的过程中，基本的经济力量比政治力量强大的多。
从反全球化的抗议到美国国会设法阻止美国公司在海外重组公司而做的努力都是为反对经济一体化效应而做的努力。
3. line13 Another lesser-noticed benefit is that it makes it harder for governments to sustain excessively high tax rates.3.另一个较少被关注的好处是全球化使政府很难再维持一个过高的税率。
4. line25 The main draw has been a low 10% corporate tax rate. Ireland has boomed from investment inflows and now has a per-capita income level higher than Great Britain or France.4.最具吸引力的就是10%的低水平的公司税率。
新时代研究生学术英语综合教程1第一单元sectiona
文稿标题：探究新时代研究生学术英语综合教程1第一单元Section A在新时代的教育改革中，研究生学术英语的重要性日益凸显。
本文将重点围绕新时代研究生学术英语综合教程1第一单元Section A展开探讨，逐步深入，全面解读该部分内容，帮助读者更好地理解学术英语的精髓。
通过对该主题的深入挖掘，我们能够更加全面、深刻地把握研究生学术英语的要义和内涵。
1. Section A主题梳理1.1 了解研究生学术英语综合教程1第一单元Section A的主题在新时代研究生学术英语综合教程1中，第一单元Section A的主题主要集中在……[主题文字]。
本部分的内容涉及……1.2 Section A的重要性对于研究生而言，研究生学术英语是他们的学术交流和学术研究的桥梁。
而Section A的学习对于建立扎实的学术英语基础具有重要意义。
本部分内容将帮助学生……[主题文字]。
1.3 Section A内容特点在Section A中，我们能够发现……[主题文字]。
这些内容特点体现出……2. 深度解读Section A内容2.1 Section A的主要内容本节中所涉及的内容主要包括……[主题文字]。
这些内容对于学生理解学术英语的……[主题文字]。
2.2 Section A的知识点解析在阅读和学习Section A的过程中，我们发现了几个重要的知识点，比如……[主题文字]。
这些知识点的深入理解将有助于……[主题文字]。
2.3 Section A的理解与运用通过对Section A的深度解读，我们能够更好地理解其中的理论知识，并能够将其运用到……[主题文字]。
3. 总结与思考3.1 总结Section A的核心观点通过对Section A内容的探究，我们可以明确认识到……[主题文字]。
这些核心观点对于我们学习和运用学术英语具有积极的指导意义。
3.2 对Section A的个人理解本文作者认为，Section A中的……[主题文字]。
研究生英语综合教程UNIT1课文及翻译(含汉译英英译汉)PDF版
UNIT11. Recently, one of us had the opportunity to speak with a medical student about a research rotation that the student was planning to do. She would be working with Dr. Z, who had given her the project of writing a paper for which he had designed the protocol, collected the data, and compiled the results. The student was to do a literature search and write the first draft of the manuscript. For this she would become first author on the final publication. When concerns were raised about the proposed project, Dr. Z was shocked. "l thought I was doing her a favor," he said innocently, "and besides, I hate writing!"2. Dr. Z is perhaps a bit naive. Certainly, most researchers would know that the student's work would not merit first authorship. They would know that "gift" authorship is not an acceptable research practice. However, an earlier experience in our work makes us wonder. Several years ago, in conjunction with the grant from the Fund for the Improvement of Pott Secondary Education (FIPSE), a team of philosophers and scientists at Dartmouth College 2 ran a University Seminar series for faculty on the topic "Ethical Issues in scientific Research."At one seminar, a senior researcher (let's call him Professor R) argued a similar position to that of Dr. Z. In this case Professor R knew that "gift" authorship, authorship without a significant research contribution, was an unacceptable research practice. However, he had a reason to give authorship to his student.The student had worked for several years on a project suggested by him and the project had yielded to publishable data. Believing that he had a duty to the student to ensure a publication, Professor R had given the student some data that he himself had collected and told the student to write it up. The student had worked hard, he said, albeit on another project, and the student would do the writing. Thus, he reasoned, the authorship was not a "gift."3. These two stories point up a major reason for encouraging courses in research ethics: Good intentions do not necessarily result in ethical decisions. Both of the faculty members in the above scenarios "meant well." In both cases, the faculty members truly believed that what they were doing was morally acceptable. In the first case, Dr. Z's indefensible error was that he was unaware of the conventions of the field.In particular, he seemed blissfully oblivious to the meaning of first authorship. In the second case, Professor R was do ng what he thought best for the student without taking into consideration that moral. ty is a public system and that his actions with regard to a single student have public consequences for the practice of science as a profession.4. Well-meaning scientists, such as those just mentioned, can, with the best of intentions, make unethical decisions. In some cases, such decisions may lead individuals to become embroiled in cases of 1. 最近，我们当中的一员有机会与一名医科学生谈论她正计划要做的一个实验室轮转项目。
(完整版)研究生英语综合教程-下课后习题答案
Task 11. provinces b.2. woke a.3.haunt b.4.trouble a.5.weathers d.6.wakeb.7.coined c.8. trouble b.9.weather c. 10. province c. 11. coin a. 12. value a.13. haunts a. 14. has promised a. 15. trouble c. 16. coin b. 17. promise d, 18. values c. 19. refrain b. 20. valued e.Task 21. tranquil2. ultimately3. aftermath4. cancel out5.ordeal6.drastic7. legacy8. deprivations9. suicidal 10. anticipated 11. preoccupied 12. adversities 13. aspires 14. nostalgia 15, retrospectTask 31. a mind-blowing experience2.built-in storage space3.self-protection measures4. short-term employment5.distorted and negative self-perception6. life-changing events7. all-encompassing details8.a good self-imageUnit TwoTask1I. A. entertainment B. entertaining2. A.attached B.attachment3.A.historically B. historic4. A. innovative B. Innovations5. A. flawed B. flawless6.A.controversy B. controversial7. A. revise B. revisions8. mentary B. commentator9.A. restrictive B. restrictions10.10. A.heroic B. heroicsTask 21. ethnic2.corporate3.tragic4. athletic5. underlie6. stack7. intrinsic8. revenue9. engrossed 10. awardTask 31) revenues 2)receipts 3) economic 4)rewards 5)athletes6) sponsor 7)spectators 8) maintain 9) availability 10) stadiums 11) anticipated 12) publicityUnit Three1.B 2, D 1 A 4, C 5, A 6.B 7,C 8. A 9.B 10. CTask2LA. discrete B. discreet C. discretion2.A. auditors B. auditorium C. audit D. auditory E. audited1 A. conception B.contrivance C. contrive D. conceive4.A. giggling B. gasped C. gargling D. gossip5.A. affectionate B. passion C. affection D. passionate6.A.reluctant B. relentless C. relevant7.A. reverence B. reverent C. revere8.A. peeping/peep B.peered C. perceive D.poringTask31) gain 2) similarities 3) diverse 4)enrich 5) perspective6)discover 7)challenging 8) specific 9)adventure 10)enlightens11) opportunities 12) memories 13) joyful 14) outweighs 15) span)Unit FourTask 11) uncomfortable 2)reading 3)immerse 4)deep 5) access 6)concentration 7)stopped 8)altered 9)change 10) different 11)decoders12) disengaged 13) variations 14) words 15) tighterTask 21.D2.A3. B4.B5.D6. A7. C8. CTask 1Step 1l)i 2)f 3)a 4)b 5)h 6)j 7)c 8)e 9)d 10)gStep 21)fidgety2)crushing3)pithy4) foraging5) definitive ,6)propelled7) applauded8) ubiquity9) duly10) curtailTask 21. above2.on3. to4.on5.on/about6. to 7 .with 8. at 9. on/about10. in Task 31. may have a subtle effect on2.provide free access toe-books3. isinthe midst ofa sea change4. has been onthe faculty ofHarvard University5.a voracious book reader6. you'll stay focused onit7. the conduit for information8.your check came asanabsolute godsend9. lost the thread ofthe story10. stroll through elegant proseTask 11.A2.C3.D4.B5.C6.B7.C8.D9.A10.C11.B12D.13.D14.A15.BTask21.sheer2.slip3desert4. revenge5.sheered6. level7.deserted8.skirted9.protested10. duplicates11. level12. revenge13.skirt14. protests15. slip16.duplicate Unit SixTask 1I.C 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.A 10.C lI.B 12.ATask21. Water isnot an effective shield2.engulfed inflames3.the rights ofsovereign nations4. outpaced its rivals inthe market5. There's no need tobelabor the point6. She invoked several eminent scholars7. from two embattled villages8. According tothe witness's testimony9. Inspite ofour best endeavors10. After many trials and tribulationsTask21) remain2) childish3)reaffirm4)precious5)equal6)measure7)greatness8) journey9)leisure10) fame11) obscure12) prosperityUnit SevenTask1I.C 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.BTask21. patrons b.2.designated b.3. reference d.4. inclination c5. host d.6. diffusing b.7. host c8.inclination a.9. references c.10. patrons a.11. reference a.12. host a.13. diffuses a..14. designate a.15. designate c.Task31) alive2)awakened3) trip4)stone5)remains6)beyond7)records8)social 9)across10) surrounding11) mental12) miracle13) having14) failure15) participateUnit EightTask 11.B2.D3. A4.B5.A6. D7. D8.A9. A 10. CTask21. A. outburst B.bursting C. outbreak2.A. adverse B.adversity C. advised3.A. distinguishes B.distinct C. distinguished4.A. sight/vision B. view C. outlook D. visions5. A. implicit B.implicit/implied C. underlying6.A.washed B. awash C. washing7.A. jumped/sprang B. springs C.leap D.jumped8. A. trail B. trail/track C. traceD. trackE.trace9.A. sensed B.sensible C. senseD. sensitiveE.sensational10.A. prosperous B.prosperity C. prospects D. prophecyTask31)echoes2) pays heed to3)hidden4) objectively5) decipher6)presence7)conviction 8)shot9)however10) slaughter11) bare12) trim13) are connected to14) strive15) yield Unit NineTask 11.A2.B3.D4.A5.B6.B7.C8.A9.C 10.DTask2I. explain, plain, complained, plain2. tolerate, tolerant, tolerance3. consequence,sequence,consequent4. commerce, commercial, commercial, commercialism, commercially5. arouse, arising, arise, arousal6. irritant, irritation, irritable, irritate7. democratic, dynamic, automated, dramatic8. dominate, dominant, predominant, predominate9. celebrate, celebrity, celebrated, celebration10. temporal, contemporary, temporaryTask3I) encompassing2)standard3)constraints4)presented5)resolution6) constitute7) entertainment8) interchangeably9) distinction10) fuzzy11) technically12) devoted to13) ranging14) competing15) biasesUnit TenTask 11) beware of2)unpalatable3)delineate4) Ingrained5) amplify6) supplanted7) pin down8)discretionary9) stranded10)swept throughTask21. that happy-to-be-alive attitude2.anl-told-you-so air3. the-end-justifies-the-means philosophy4.Aheart-in-the-mouth moment5.a now-or-never chance6. a touch-and-go situation7.a wait-and-see attitude8.too-eager-not-to-lose9.a cards-on-the-table approach10. anine-to-five lifestyle11.a look-who's-talking tone12. around-the-clock service13. a carrot-and-stick approach14. a rags-to-riches man15. a rain-or-shine picnicTask3I) exquisite2)soothe3)equivalent4)literally5)effective6)havoc7)posted8)notify9) clumsy10) autonomously。
研究生英语系列教材综合教程上 unit1-8 reading focus 文字版精校版
TRAITS OF THE KEY PLAYERSDavid G. Jensen1 What exactly is a key player? A "Key Player" is a phrase that I've heard about from employers during just about every search I've conducted. I asked a client - a hiring manager involved in a recent search - to define it for me. "Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done. On my team of seven process engineer and biologists, I've got two or three whom I just couldn't live without," he said. "Key players are essential to my organization. And when we hire your company to recruit for us, we expect that you'll be going into other companies and finding just that: the staff that another manager will not want to see leave. We recruit only key players."2 This is part of a pep talk intended to send headhunters into competitor's companies to talk to the most experienced staff about making a change. They want to hire a "key player" from another company. Every company also hires from the ranks of newbies, and what they're looking for is exactly the same. "We hold them up to the standards we see in our top people. If it looks like they have these same traits, we'll place a bet on them." It's just a bit riskier.3 "It's an educated guess," says my hiring manager client. Your job as a future employee is to help the hiring manager mitigate that risk. You need to help them identify you as a prospective "key player".4 Trait 1: The selfless collaboratorJohn Fetzer, career consultant and chemist, first suggested this trait, which has already been written about a great deal. It deserves repeating because it is the single most public difference between academia and industry. "It's teamwork," says Fetzer" The business environment is less lone-wolf and competitive, so signs of being collaborative and selfless stand out. You just can't succeed in an industry environment without this mindset"5 Many peptides and grad students have a tough time showing that they can make this transition because so much of their life has involved playing the independent- researcher role and outshining other young stars. You can make yourself more attractive to companies by working together with scientists from other laboratories and disciplines in pursuit of a common goal—and documenting the results on your resume. This approach, combined with a liberal use of the pronoun "we" and not just "I" when describing your accomplishments, can change the company's perception of you from a lone wolf to a selfless collaborator. Better still, develop a reputation inside your lab and with people your lab collaborates with as a person who fosters and initiates collaborations—and make sure this quality gets mentioned by those who will take those reference phone calls.6 Trait 2: A sense of urgencyDon Haut is a frequent contributor to the aas.sciencecareers. org discussion forum. He is a former scientist who transitioned to industry many years ago and then on to a senior management position. Haut heads strategy and business development for a division of 3M with more than $2.4 billion in annual revenues. He is among those who value a sense of urgency.7 "Business happens 24/7/365 which means that competition happens 24/7/365, as well," says Haut. "One way that companies win is by getting 'there' faster, which means that you not only have to mobilize all of the functions that support a business to move quickly, but you have to know how to decide where 'there' is! This creates a requirement not only forpeople who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast and have the courage to act on their convictions. This requirement needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management."8 Trait 3: Risk toleranceBeing OK with risk is something that industry demands. "A candidate needs to have demonstrated the ability to make decisions with imperfect or incomplete information. He or she must be able to embrace ambiguity and stick his or her neck out to drive to a conclusion," wrote one of my clients in a job description.9 Haut agrees. "Business success is often defined by comfort with ambiguity and risk- personal, organizational, and financial. This creates a disconnect for many scientists because success in academia is really more about careful, studied research. Further, great science is often defined by how one gets to the answer as much as by the answer itself, so scientists often fall in love with the process. In a business, you need to understand the process, but you end up falling in love with the answer and then take a risk based on what you think that answer means to your business. Putting your neck on the line like this is a skill set that all employers look for in their best people."10 Another important piece of risk tolerance is a candidate's degree of comfort with failure. Failure is important because it shows that you were not afraid to take chances. So companies consistently look for candidates who can be wrong and admit it. Everyone knows how to talk about successes—or they should if they're in a job search—but far fewer people are comfortable talking about failures, and fewer still know how to bring lessons and advantages back from the brink. "For my organization, a candidate needs to have comfort discussing his or her failures, and he or she needs to have real failures, not something made up for interview day. If not, that person has not taken enough risk." says Haut.11 Trait 4: Strength in interpersonal relationshipsRick Leach is in business development for deCODE Genetics. Leach made the transition to industry recently, on the business side of things'". I asked him about this key trait because in his new business role, interpersonal abilities make the difference between success and failure. "Scientists spend their lives accumulating knowledge and developing technical acumen," he says, "but working for a business requires something else entirely—people skills. The scientist who is transitioning into the business world must prioritize his or her relationship assets above their technical assets. To suddenly be valued and measured by your mastery of human relationships can be a very scary proposition fora person who has been valued and measured only by his mastery of things," says Rick.12 It would be a mistake, however, to assume that strong people skills are required only for business people like Leach. Indeed, the key players I've met who work at the bench in industry have succeeded in great measure because they've been able to work with a broad variety of personalities, up and down the organization.CULINARY DELIGHTS IN CHINA1 Chinese cuisine is a brilliant facet of Chinese culture, which is proven by the fact that Chinese restaurants are found scattered everywhere throughout the world. Today, the culinary industry is developing even more rapidly than before. A decade ago, Beijing had a few thousand restaurants, while today there are over 100,000 restaurants o f different sizes in the city.2 Regional Chinese CuisinesIt is widely acknowledged that from the Ming (1368-1644) dynasties onwards, there are eight major schools of Chinese based op regional cooking. They came from Shandong, Sichuan, Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hunan, and Anhui provinces. In addition to these traditional cuisines, the culinary industry in China has undergone great changes, as almost every place has its own local specialties, and as the different cuisines gather together in big cities, such as Beijing.3 Sichuan, known as Nature's Storehouse, is also a storehouse of cuisine. Here, each and every restaurant provides delicious yet economical culinary fare. The ingredients for Sichuan cuisine are simple but the spices used are quite different. Sichuan cuisine is famous for its spicy and hot food, yet just being hot and spicy does not necessarily , distinguish it from other hot and spicy cuisines such as Hunan or Guizhou cuisines. What is really special about Sichuan cuisine is the use of Chinese prickly ash seeds, the taste of which leaves a feeling of numbness on one's tongue and mouth. Besides this unique spice, Sichuan dishes are usually prepared with other spices such as chili pepper. Using fermented bean sauce and a set of unique cooking methods. Sichuan cuisine is now famous and popular across the world. In recent years, there have appeared many more renowned restaurants specializing in Sichuan cuisine, such as the Tan Family Fish Head restaurant.4 Guangdong Province is located in southern China, with a moderate climate and abundant produce all year round. As one of the earliest ports open to foreign trade, the province has developed a culinary culture with its own characteristics that has exerted a far-reaching influence on other parts of China as well as throughout the world where it is the most commonly available Chinese cuisine. Guangdong cuisine is famous for its seafood as well as for its originality and refined cooking processes. Various soups in this cuisine are loved by people all over the country.5 Zhejiang cuisine is light and exquisite, and is typical of food from along the lower Yangtze River. One famous dish is West Lake Vinegar Fish, which looks pretty and has the delicate refreshing flavors of nature. Many Chinese restaurants in China, as well as in other parts of the world, serve this dish, but often the flavor is less authentic compared to that found in Hangzhou, capital of Zhejiang Province, which has unique access to the fish and water of West Lake.6 Every Dish Has a StoryThe names of Chinese dishes are diverse, but behind each of the famous dishes is an interesting story explaining why it is popular. A good name can make the dish more interesting; however, some names are so eccentric that they may confuse people, both Chinese and foreigners. If you only translate the names literally with no explanation, you could make a fool of yourself.7 Take Goubuli steamed buns in the city of Tianjin for example. These popular buns are all of the same size and handmade. When served in neat rows on a tray, they look like budding chrysanthemum flowers. The wrapping is thin, the fillings are juicy, the meat, tender and the taste delicious and not at all greasy. Then, why the name?8 There is an interesting story behind it. Goubuli steamed buns were first sold in Tianjin out 150 years ago. A local man by the name of Gouzi (Dog) worked as an apprentice in a shop selling baozi (steamed buns). After three years, he set up his own baozi shop. Because his buns were so delicious, he soon had a thriving business with more and more people coming to buy his buns. As hardworking as Gouzi was, he could not keep up with demand so his customers often had to wait a long time to be served. Impatient, some people would call out to urge him on, but as he was so busy preparing the buns, he didn't answer. People therefore came to call his buns Goubuli, meaning "Gouzi pays no attention." This eccentric name, however, has had very good promotional effects, and has been used ever since. Goubuli is now a time-cherished brand name in Tianjin.9 In Zhejiang cuisine, there is a well-known dish called Dongpo Meat. This dish of streaky pork is prepared over a slow fire where the big chunks of pork are braised with green onion, ginger cooking wine, soy sauce, and sugar. The finished dish is bright red in color and the meat is tender and juicy and, like the Goubuli buns, not at all greasy. This dish was named after Su Dongpo (1037-1101), a great poet of the Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127), who created it when he was an official in Hangzhou. It is said that, when he was in charge of the drainage work for the West Lake, Su Dongpo rewarded workers with stewed pork in soy sauce, and people later named it Dongpo Meat, to commemorate this gifted and generous poet.10 Fujian cuisine boasts a famous dish called Buddha Jumping over the Wall, the number one dish of the province. This dish is prepared with more than 20 main ingredients including chicken, duck, sea cucumber, dried scallop, tendon, shark lip, fish maw and ham. All these ingredients are placed into a ceramic pot, with cooking wine and chicken broth, and then cooked over a slow fire until the meat is tender and juicy and the soup becomes smooth and thick. Then it is served with more than a dozen garnishes such as mushrooms, winter bamboo shoots and pigeon eggs. It is famous for leaving a lingering aftertaste in the mouth. The story behind the name of the specialty goes as follows:11 Buddha Jumping over the Wall was created in a restaurant called Gathering Spring Garden in Fuzhou, Fujian, during the reign of the Qing Emperor, Guangxu (1875-1908). It was named Eight Treasures Stewed in a Pot and the name was later changed to blessing and Longevity. One day, several scholars carne to Gathering Spring Garden for a meal. When the dish was served, one of the scholars improvised a poem: "Fragrance spreads tothe neighborhood once the lid lifts, / One whiff and the Buddha Jumps the wall, abandoning the Zen precepts” Hence the name of the dish!12 Warmth and Hospitality Expressed by FoodIn the eyes of Chinese, what is important about eating, especially at festivals, is to eat in a warm atmosphere. Often the young and old still sit in order of seniority, and the elders select food for the young while the young make toasts to the elders. Chinese people like to create a lively, warm, and harmonious atmosphere during meals.13 A hostess or host in China will apportion the best parts of the dishes to guests. Using a pair of serving chopsticks, she or he places the best part of a steamed fish or the most tender piece of meat on the plate of the most important guest. Such a custom is still popular, especially among the elder generation, as a way of expressing respect, concern and hospitality.14 Such culinary customs have had a certain influence on the character of the Chinese people. In a. sense, it has strengthened the collective spirit of the nation. At a party or a banquet, everyone first takes into consideration the needs of the group; with the eating process also being a time to show humility and concern for others.15 In China, food eaten during festivals is particularly important. At different festivals, people partake of different fare. For example, on the eve of the Spring Festival, people in the north always eat. jiaozi, meat and vegetable dumplings, at family reunions. This is a way of bidding farewell to the old year and welcoming the New Year. The Lantern Festival is a day of celebration, and on this day people like to eat yuanxiao, sweet dumplings made of glutinous rice flour, to symbolize family reunion and perfection. At the Duanwu Festival, people eat zongzi, glutinous rice wrapped in triangular shape in reed leaves, to commemorate the beloved poet Qu Yuan (c.1339-c. 278 BC), who drowned himself in the Miluo River after being politically wronged. Legend has it that people at the time threw zongzi into the river in the hope that the dragon would not take him away. This later gradually developed into a custom of making and eating zongzi during the Duanwu Festival.Leisure without literature is death and burial alive.—Seneca, Roman philosopherWHY HARRY'S HOT?1 J. K. Rowling swears she never saw it coming. In her wildest dreams, she didn't think her Harry Potter books would appeal to more than a handful of readers. "I never expected a lot of people to like them," she insisted in a recent interview. "Well, it turned out I was very wrong, obviously. It strikes a chord with an enormous number of people." That's putting it mildly. With 35 million copies in print, in 35 languages, the first three Harry Potter books have earned a conservatively estimated $480 million in three years. And that was just the warm-up. With a first printing of 5.3 million copies and advance orders topping 1.8 million, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, the fourth installment of the series, promises to break every bookselling record. Jack Morrissey, 12, plainly speaks for a generation of readers when he says, "The Harry Potter books are like life, but better."2 Amazingly, Rowling keeps her several plotlines clear of each other until the end, when he deftly brings everything together in a cataclysmic conclusion. For pure narrative power, this is the best Potter book yet.3 When the book finally went on sale at 12:01 am. Saturday, thousands of children in Britain and North America rushed to claim their copies. Bookstores hosted pajama parties, hired magicians and served cookies and punch, but nobody needed to lift the spirits o f these crowds. In one case, customers made such a big, happy noise that neighbors called the cops. At a Borders in Charlotte, N.C., Erin Rankin, 12, quickly thumbed to the back as soon as she got her copy. “I heard that a_ major character dies, and I really want to find out who," she said. But minutes later she gave up. “I just can't do it. I can't read the end first."4 The only sour note in all the songs of joy over this phenomenon has come from some parents and conservative religious leaders who say Rowling advocates witchcraft. reading of the books has been challenged in 25 school districts in at least 17 states, and the books have been banned in schools in Kansas and Colorado. But that's nothing new, says Michael Patrick Hearn, a children's book scholar and editor of The Annotated Wizard, of Oz. "Any kind of magic is considered evil by some people," he says. "The Wizard of Oz was attacked by fundamentalists in the mid-1980s."5 But perhaps the most curious thing about the Potter phenomenon, especially given that it is all about books, is that almost no one has taken the time to say how good— or bad—these books are. The other day my 11-year-old daughter asked me if I thought Harry Potter was a classic. I gave her, I'm afraid, one of those adult-sounding answers when I said, "Time will tell." This was not an outright lie. There's no telling which books will survive from one generation to the next. But the fact is, I was hedging. What my daughter really wanted to know was how well J. K. Rowling stacks up against the likes of Robert Louis Stevenson or Madeleine L'Engle.6 I could have told her that I thought they were beautifully crafted works of entertainment, the literary equivalent of Steven Spielberg. I could also have told her I thought the Potter books were derivative. They share so many elements with so many children's classics that sometimes it seems as though Rowling had assembled her novels from a kit. However, these novels amount to, much more than just the sum of their parts. The crucial aspect of their appeal is that they can be read by children and adults with equal pleasure. Only the best authors—and they can be as different as Dr. Seuss and Philip Pullman" and, yes, J.|K. Rowling—can pull that off.7 P. L. Travers, the author of the Mary Poppins books, put it best when she wrote, "You do not chop off a section of your imaginative substance and make a book specifically for children, for—if you are honest— you have, in fact, no idea where childhood ends and maturity begins. It is all endless and all one. There is plenty for children and adults to enjoy in Rowling's books, starting with their language. Her prose may be unadorned, but her way with naming people and things reveals a quirky and original talent.8 The best writers remember what it is like to be a child with astonishing intensity. Time and again, Rowling articulates just how defenseless even the bravest children often feel.Near the end of the second book Dumbledore, the wise and protective headmaster, is banished from Hogwarts. This terrifies Harry and his schoolmates—"With Dumbledore gone, fear had spread as never before"—and it terrified me. And in all of Rowling's books there runs an undercurrent of sadness and loss. In the first book the orphaned Harry stares into the Mirror of Erised, which shows the viewer his or her utmost desires. Harry sees his dead parents. "Not until I'd reread what I'd written did I realize that that had been taken entirely- entirely- from how I felt about my mother's death," Rowling said. "In fact, death and bereavement and what death means, I would say, is one of the central themes in all seven books." Do young readers pick up on all this deep intellectualism? Consciously, perhaps not. But I don't think the books would have their broad appeal if they were only exciting tales of magical adventure, and I know adults would not find them so enticing.9 The Harry Potter books aren't perfect. What I miss most in these novels is the presence of a great villain. And by great villain I mean an interesting villain. Long. John Silver is doubly frightening because he is both evil and charming. If he were all Bad, he wouldn't frighten us half as much. Voldemort is resistible precisely because he is just bad to the bone. That said, I should add that in the new book Rowling outdoes herself with a bad guy so seductive you'll never see him coming. And he is scary.10 That quibble aside, Rowling’s novels are probably the best books children have ever encountered that haven't been thrust upon them by an adult. I envy kids reading these books, because there was nothing this good when I was a boy-nothing this good, I mean, that we found on our own, the way kids are finding Harry. We affectionately remember The Hardy Boys and Nancy Drew, but try rereading them and their charm fades away pretty quickly. Rowling may not be as magisterial as Tolkien or as quirky as Dahl, but her books introduce fledgling readers to a very high standard of entertainment. With three books left to go in the series, it's too early to pass final judgment. But considering what we've seen so far, especially in the latest volume, Harry Potter has all the earmarks of a classic.The following text is extracted from Marriages and Families by Nijole V. Benokraitis. The book has been used as a textbook for sociology courses and women's studies in a number of universities in the United States. It highlights important contemporary changes in society and the family and explores the choices that are available to family members, as well as the constraints that many of us do not recognize. It examines the diversity of American families today, using cross-cultural and multicultural comparisons to encourage creative thinking about the many critical issues that confront the family of the twenty-first century.LOVE AND LOVING RELATIONSHIPSNijole V. Benokraitis1 Love- as both an emotion and a behavior- is essential for human survival- The family is usually our earliest and most important source of love and emotional support. Babies and children deprived of love have been known to develop a wide variety of problems- for example, depression, headaches, physiological impairments, and neurotic andpsychosomatic difficulties- that sometimes last a lifetime. In contrast, infants who are loved and cuddled typically gain more weight, cry less, and smile more. By five years of age, they have been found to have significantly higher IQs and to score higher on language tests.2 Much research shows that the quality of care infants receive affects how they later get along with friends, how well they do in school, how they react to new and possibly stressful situations, and how they form and maintain loving relationships as adults. It is for these reasons that people's early intimate relationships within their family of origin1 are so critical. Children who are raised in impersonal environments (orphanage, some foster homes, or unloving families) show emotional and social underdevelopment, language and motor skills retardation, and mental health problems.3 Love for oneself, or self-love, is also essential for our social and emotional development. Actress Mae West once said, "I never loved another person the way I loved myself." Although such a statement may seem self-centered, it's actually quite insightful Social scientists describe self-love as an important oasis for self- esteem. Among other things, people who like themselves are more open to criticism and less demanding of others. Fromm (1956) saw self-love as a necessary prerequisite for loving others. People who don't like themselves may not be able to return love but may constancy seek love relationships to bolster their own poor self-images. But just what is love? What brings people together?4 Love is an elusive concept. We have all experienced love and feel we know what it is; however, when asked what love is, people give a variety of answers. According to a nine- year-old boy, for example, "Love is like an avalanche where you have to run for your life." What we mean by love depends on whether we are talking about love for family members, friends, or lovers. Love has been a source of inspiration, wry witticisms, and even political action for many centuries.5 Love has many dimensions. It can be romantic, exciting, obsessive, and irrational- It can also be platonic, calming, altruistic, and sensible? Many researchers feel that love defies a single definition because it varies in degree and intensity and across social contexts. At the very least, three elements are necessary for a lovingrelationship: (1) a willingness to please and accommodate the other person, even if this involves compromise and sacrifice; (2) an acceptance of the other person's faults and shortcomings; and (3) as much concern about the loved one's welfare as one's own. And, people who say they are "in love" emphasize caring, intimacy, and commitment.6 In any type of love, caring about the other person is essential. Although love may, involve passionate yearning, respect is a more important quality. Respect is inherent inall love: "I want the loved person to grow and unfold for his own sake, and in his own ways, and not for the purpose of serving me." If respect and caring are missing, the relationship is not based on love. Instead, it is an unhealthy or possessive dependency that limits the lovers' social, emotional, and intellectual growth.7 Love, especially long-term love, has nothing in common with the images of loveor .frenzied sex that we get from Hollywood, television, and romance novels. Because ofthese images, many people believe a variety of myths about love. These misconceptions often lead to unrealistic expectations, stereotypes, and disillusionment. In fact, "real" love is closer to what one author called "stirring-the-oatmeal love" (Johnson 1985). This type of love is neither exciting nor thrilling but is relatively mundane and unromantic. It means paying bills, putting out the garbage, scrubbing toilet bowls, being up all night with a sick baby, and performing myriad other ' oatmeal" tasks that are not very sexy.8 Some partners take turns stirring the oatmeal. Other people seek relationships that offer candlelit gourmet meals in a romantic setting. Whether we decide to enter a serious relationship or not, what type of love brings people together?9 What attracts individuals to each other in the first place? Many people believe that "there's one person out there that one is meant for" and that destiny will bring them together. Such beliefs are romantic but unrealistic. Empirical studies show that cultural norms and values, not fate, bring people together We will never meet millions of potential lovers because they are "filtered out" by formal or informal rules on partnereligibility due ton factors such as age, race, distance, Social class, religion, sexual orientation, health, or physical appearance.10 Beginning in childhood, parents encourage or limit future romantic liaisons by selecting certain neighborhoods and schools. In early adolescence, pear norms influence the adolescent's decisions about acceptable romantic involvements ("You want to date who?!"). Even during the preteen years, romantic experiences are cultured in the sense that societal and group practices and expectations shape romantic experience. Although romance may cross cultural or ethnic borders, criticism and approval teach us what is acceptable romantic behavior and with whom. One might "lust" for someone, but these yearnings will not lead most of us to "fall in love" if there are strong cultural or group bans.11 Regan and Berscheid (1999) differentiate between lust, desire, and romantic love. They describe lust as primarily physical rather than emotional, a condition that maybe conscious or unconscious. Desire, in contrast, is a psychological in which onewants a relationship that one doesn't now have, or to engage in an activity in whichone is not presently engaged. Desire may or may not lead to romantic love (whichthe authors equate with passionate or erotic low). Regan and Berscheid suggest that desire is an essential ingredient for initiating and maintaining romantic love. If desire disappears, a person is no longer said to be in a state of romantic love. Once desire diminishes, disappointed lovers may wonder where the "spark" in their relationship has gone and may reminisce regretfully (and longingly) about "the good old days".12 One should not conclude, however, that desire always culminates in physical intimacy or that desire is the same as romantic love. Married partners may love each other even though they rarely, or never, engage in physical intimacy. In addition, there are some notable differences between love- especially long-term love- and romantic love. Healthy loving relationships, whether physical or not (such as love for family members), reflect a balance of caring, intimacy, and commitment.。
厦大国际综合英语考前复习
厦大国际综合英语考前复习Reading：Unit - 1Dominate (vt.)控制、支配、在...钟占主要地位(vi.)占优势Element (n.)元素、要素、原理、成分、自然环境Emerge (vi.)浮现、摆脱Establish (vi.)建立、创办、安置(vi.)植物定植Impose (vi.)利用、欺骗、施加影响(vt.)强加、征税、以...欺骗Expand (vt.)扩张、使...膨胀(vi.)发展、展开Unit - 2Accurate (adj.)精确的Co-ordinated (n.)使...协调Device (n.)装置、设备Evidently (adv.)明显的、显然Ranges (n.)范围、范畴、领域Symbol (n,)象征、标志Unit - 3Environment (adj.-al)环境Reaction (n.)反应、回应Accumulate (vi.)积累、聚集Affect (vt.)影响Sufficient (adj.)足够的、充分的Exposure (n.)暴露、显露Unit - 4Process (n.)过程Requirements (n.)要求Specific (adj.)具体的Complex (adj.)复杂的、合成的Final (adj.)最后的、最终的Constantly (adv.)不断的、时常的Unit - 5Involved 参与、牵扯Achieve 达到、完成Previous 之前的Debate 辩论、争论Confirm 证实、证明Challenge 挑战Unit - 13Attach (vi.)附加、附属Maintain (vt.)维持、维护Psychology (n.)心理学Conduct (vt)管理Research 研究Unit - 15Create vt. 创造，创作Involve vt. 包含；牵涉；Theory n. 理论；原理Consume vt. 消耗，Energy n. [物] 能量；精力Specific adj. 明确的Unit - 6Accurate adj. 精确的Commission n. 佣金Conclusion n. 结论；结局Consequently adv. 因此；结果Traditions 传统Philosophers n. 哲学家Unit - 7Conclusion n. 结论Consequence n. 结果Evidence n. 证据，证明Prediction n. 预报；预言Principle n. 原理，原则Theory n. 理论Unit - 8Available adj. 有效的Variable adj. 可变的Interact vi. 互相影响Adjust vt. 调整Challenge n. 挑战Enable vt. 使能够Unit - 9Aspects n. 方面Construction n. 建设Design vt. 设计Precise adj. 精确的Structures n. 结构Successive adj. 连续的语法：1、most university students...-B.live2、from this graph we...-C.is improving3、They_personal computers...-B.didn't have.4、I_want to be /doc/02225448.html,ed to5、The teacher_us how to do...-C.was showing6、I finished...-B.i haven't given.7、_the experiment three...-A.we've done8、When i arrived...-B.had started9、She_well at school...-C.had been doing.10、_the doctor at 2.00...-A.i'm seeing11、My sister...-A.is going to study.12、While we're working...-C.will be sitting.13、If the trend...-B.will have increased.14、You can base your...-C.any15、There aren't_places...-B.many16、I don't know whether to...-A.a difficult decision17、For those of you new...-C.valuable information18、The manager interviewed...-A.each of the19、I know it's much...-B.myself20、You should visit...-C.an interesting historical.21、The government has...-A.shocking.22、You really should go to...-C.absolutely23、This factory produces...-B.the best24、_people live in...-C.fewer25、The bookshop...-A.at26、There were millions...-B.watching27、Scientists finally...-A.managed to28、She got a terrible...-B.can't have worked29、What_in order...-A.do i need to do.30、When you write...-A.mustn't31、Doctors have...-C.advised32、_this newspaper report...-B.according to33、My parents encouraged...-A.me to do34、What will you...-B.you didn't get a good ielts score?35、A recent government...-C.unless36、If i didn't have...-A.i'd be able to relax now.37、I wish that man...-C.would stop.38、I'm aiming...-B.for39、Do you have any...-A.of40、The minister...-B.who41、The university of standrews...-B.,which was founded in 1413.42、Many children these...-C.it43、The charity is trying...-C.protect44、In the past we threw...-A.are recycled.45、I can't pick you up from...-B.i'm having my car fixed46、These drugs are the...-A.although47、Learning a foreign...-C.in addition48、_i can't go to...-B.unfortunately49、_i think it's useful...-C.personally50、The_of dark red...-A.appearance.阅读：Packaging and sustainable development1、Pa-IX.Environmental pressures...Pb-II.packaging is not the...Pc-X.the role of INCPENPd-VIII.how packaging laws...Pe-V.factors leading to...Pf-I.managing waste...Pg-VI.certain packaging...Controversy over identity chip1、ADS has developed a technique aimed at /doc/02225448.html,ing a computer which...to combat kidnappings and provide paramedical serrices. the technology...to trace lost pets the date...without a scanmer, but ADS...what they call function creep.The exquisite balance1、Swirl discovered many of them...-FB2、They are more ambitious..-FB3、they are more sociable...-LB4、he used the five-factor model...-FS5、his personality...CS6、birth order is not...CI7、They are less conscientious...-LB8、his eagerness to...-CSNo other indigenous animal(T/F/NG)1、the fall of the bison...-T2、Bison meat is tough...-NG3、The beaver is the main competitor...-T4、When the beavers were...-NG5、According to the author...-T6、Before the 1870's bison...-F7、We know about how many...-NG8、There was no use for...-F9、The government had no...-T10、After the bison disappeared...-NG11、Most bison today...-FGeneral nutritional information1、first year students often.-A.gain weight2、Vegetarianism is growing in popularity because.-D.not given3、One method not mentioned to lose weight is.-C.surgery4、An eating disorder can be something as simple as.-D.all of the above5、A normally active man should eat how many grams of fat per day?-B.806、What type of dairy products should vegetarians choose?-A.low fatThe east coast greenway1、what is the Greenway in relation to the appalachian trail?-Urban alternative.2、How long ago did this plan begin?-10 years ago.3、Who will be able to know that the greenway is present because of signs, maps and guides?-the public4、What proportion of the trail will be along normal roads?-20%5、What will the greenway network resemble?-interstate highway system.Cambodia's poverty problem1、aid is being sought from donor countries.2、Critics say that donated funds are being wasted because of mismanagement and corruption, but the government says that money is being spent wisely.3、Solid infrastructure is essential for economic growth.4、To be to tackle poverty, cabodia's economy must grow by 8% a year.5、Economy has not grown since 1998, because of the asian financial crisis.1、The economic growth...-B.less...than...fewer...than2、There are...-A.more than3、It costs...C.as many...as.as much...asStrawberries, along with many other1、trichoderma spores are deposited...2、Gray mild is eliminated...3、The fruit is preserved...4、The above diagram does not apply in the case of bad weather.Which diagram best illustrates(图片题、选B、)Coastline danger1、Which paragraph explains the...-F2、Which paragraph discusses the...-E3、on what is land and in what year was a tsunami...-Krakatau,18834、Tsunamis are frequently caused...-a richter scale.5、on july,1998...tsunami pounded the northern...as high as 15 meters, it washed away entire villages...a wall of water hurling toward shore...the largest wave swept over the shore at...6、it can reach speeds of ...725 to 800 kilometers/hour7、It can cover vast distances...thousands of kilometers.8、according to the text, tsunamis generally cause the greatest amount of observable damage.-C.in embayments.9、Pb-V.the first intelligence test.Pd-IV.inkblots and story...Pf-III.obtaining information...Pg-VI.employment testing.Ph-I.present criticisms...Measuring human behavior1、the first useful intelligence test...-Y2、The stanford-binet intelligence...-NG3、During WW I,psychologist robert...-N4、The wechsler tests are...-N5、Swiss psychiatrist hermann...-N6、Most criticisms of testing...-Y1、educational settings.-B.to improve instruction and curriculum planning.2、Clinics or hospitals.-A.to assist with diagnosis and treatment...3、Industrial and organizational settings.-B.to specify the...seems best suited.。
厦门大学英语口译研究生入学考试大纲
厦门大学全日制英语翻译硕士专业学位（MTI）研究生入学考试考试大纲一、考试目的本考试旨在全面考察考生的英汉综合能力及双语翻译能力，招生院校根据考生参加本考试的成绩和《政治理论》的成绩总分（满分共计500分），参考全国统一录取分数线来选择参加复试的考生。
二、考试的性质与范围本考试是全国翻译硕士专业学位研究生的入学资格考试，除全国统考分值100分的第一单元《政治理论》之外，专业考试分为三门，分别是第二单元英语考试《翻译硕士英语》，第三单元基础课考试《英语翻译基础》以及第四单元专业基础课考试《汉语写作与百科知识》。
●《翻译硕士英语》重点考察考生的英语水平，总分100分；●《英语翻译基础》重点考察考生的英汉互译专业技能和潜质，总分150分；●《汉语写作和百科知识》重点考察考生的现代汉语写作水平和百科知识，总分150分。
三、考试基本要求具有良好的英语基本功，掌握6000个以上的英语积极词汇。
具有较好的双语表达和转换能力及潜质。
具备一定的中外文化以及政治、经济、法律等方面的背景知识。
对作为母语（A语言）的现代汉语有较强的写作能力。
四、考试时间与命题每年1月份举行，与全国硕士研究生入学考试同步进行。
由厦门大学MTI资格考试命题小组根据本考试大纲，分别参照翻译硕士英语考试《翻译硕士英语》、基础课考试《英语翻译基础》及专业基础课考试《汉语写作和百科知识》考试大纲及样题的要求，自主负责命题与实施。
五、考试形式本考试采取客观试题与主观试题相结合，试题在各项试题中的分布见各门“考试内容一览表”。
六、考试内容见以下分别表述。
厦门大学全日制英语翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试《翻译硕士英语》考试大纲一、考试目的：《翻译硕士英语》作为全日制英语翻译硕士专业学位（MTI）入学考试的英语考试，其目的是考察考生是否具备进行MTI学习所要求的英语水平。
二、考试性质与范围：本考试是一种测试应试者单项和综合语言能力的尺度参照性水平考试。
考试范围包括MTI考生应具备的英语词汇量、语法知识以及英语阅读与写作等方面的技能。
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Reading More – Vocabulary in Action Task 1
Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate form of the word given and explain its meaning. (P23) 1. favor favor A. A mother shouldn’t show too much _________ to one of her children. favorable B. We have had a(n) ___________ response to the plan so far. favored C. Brittany is a(n) _________ holiday destination for families. D. I will take you to my _________ restaurant tomorrow. favorite
ordinary or boring
e.g. The speech was full of commonplaces. Moore took as his main theme the mystery of the commonplace.
Reading More – Language Point 4. Often such people think they don’t amount to much. (Para 9) amount to: to not be important, valuable, or successful e.g. Her academic achievements don't amount to much. They gave me some help in the beginning but it did not amount to much.
Reading More – Language Point 5. He agrees with Alfred North Whitehead that, “Knowledge does not keep any better than fish,” ……(Para. 12)
翻译： “知识和鱼一样无法保持新鲜。”
Reading More – Language Point
3. If we accept Dewey’s definition of art as “the
intensification of the ordinary”, then the teacher’s task is to help learners turn the commonplace into the creative.(Para.6) commonplace: something that is
Reading More
The Good Mind Is Flexible
Reading More – Language Point
1. For many years we have talked about education in a changing society but have done little to educate for uncertainty. (Para. 1) uncertainty : when you feel doubt about what will happen e.g. Times of great change are also times of uncertainty. uncertainty, doubt uncertainty There is a great deal of ____________ about the company's future. doubt She knew without a shadow of a _______ that he was lying to her.
Reading More – Vocabulary in Action
4. prejudice prejudices A. A criminal record __________ your chances of getting a job. prejudice B. The newspaper reported his remarks, to the __________ of his chances of being elected. C. It is impossible to be completely fair and _______________. unprejudiced 5. perception perception A. He is interested in how our ___________ of death affects the way we live. B. According to Reynolds, there has been a slight but _____________ change in public attitudes lately. perceptible C. He had enough ________________ to realize that I wanted to be perceptiveness alone. perceptive D. The most _____________ of the three, she was the first to realize the potential danger of their situation. perceptual E. Some children have more finely trained _____________ skills than others.
Reading More – Vocabulary in Action
6. secure security A. Strict ____________ measures are in force in the capital. B. Check that all windows and doors have been made as ___________ as possible. secure C. Many of them work in low-paid, ____________ jobs. insecure D. After the attack, the family often suffer from a great sense of insecurity ____________. 7. flexible A. You need to be more ___________ and imaginative in your flexible approach. flexibility B. The ____________ of distance learning would be particularly suited to busy managers. C. The proposed law is poorly written and ____________. inflexible D. The ____________ of the country’s labor market seriously inflexibility impedes its econocabulary in Action
8. accumulate accumulative A. The consensus is that risk factors have an ____________ effect. B. Dust and dirt soonaccumulate if a house is not cleaned ____________ regularly. C. Accumulations of sand can be formed by the action of ______________ waves on coastal beaches. 9. mature matured A. Technology in this field has ____________ considerably over the last decade. mature B. We’re __________ enough to disagree on this issue but still respect each other. maturity C. Humans experience a delayed ___________; we arrive at all stages of life later than other mammals. immature D. While the animals are still ___________, they do not breed.
Reading More – Vocabulary in Action
10. custom customary A. She arranged everything with her ___________ efficiency. customize B. General Motors will ___________ Cadillacs for special clients. custom C. His son operates a ___________ furniture business. custom D. On Wednesday evening, as was his ___________, he went down to the village.
Reading More – Language Point 2. Mark Twain’s story about the cat is in order here. (Para. 2) in order: to be a suitable thing to do or say on a particular occasion e.g. I hear congratulations are in order.