[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷31.doc

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[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷24.doc

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷24汉译英1 中国曾长期实行高度集中的计划经济，把计划看成是绝对的，束缚了生产力的发展。

这场金融危机使我们看到，市场也不是万能的，一味放任自由，势必引起经济秩序的混乱和社会分配的不公，最终受到惩罚。

真正的市场化改革，决不会把市场机制与国家宏观调控对立起来。

既要发挥市场这只看不见的手的作用，又要发挥政府和社会监管这只看得见的手的作用。

两手都要硬，两手同时发挥作用，才能实现按照市场规律配置资源，也才能使资源配置合理、协调、平衡、可持续。

2 中国作为一个发展中国家，很自然十分关心发展中国家在世界经济中所处的困境。

许多事实证明，北南关系不是朝着更好的方向发展，而是趋于进一步的恶化。

因此，改善北南关系就成为所有国家的一项重要任务。

目前，北南之间的差距进一步扩大，富的更富，穷的更穷。

许多发展中国家人民正生活在贫困线之下，发达国家有责任给发展中国家以更多的帮助，并同意在平等互利、平等交换的基础上，建立一个新的国际经济秩序。

今天的世界各国，经济上的相互依存更加密切。

如果发展中国家的困难长期得不到解决，经济得不到发展，发达国家的经济要持续保持稳定增长，也将是困难的。

在商品、贸易、债务、资金、货币和金融等领域，采取有效措施，改善发展中国家面临的外部环境，以利于发展中国家恢复增长和发展，这是当前国际经济领域中的一项紧迫任务。

这样做也有利于世界经济的稳定和增长。

3 社会主义市场经济体制改革中国在相当长时间内曾实行高度集中的计划经济体制。

随着社会主义市场经济体制改革的深入和民主政治建设的推进，过去人们在择业、迁徙、致富、投资、资讯、旅游、信仰和选择生活方式等方面有形无形的不合理限制，被逐步解除。

这就带来了前所未有的、广泛而深刻的变化。

一方面，广大城乡劳动者的积极性得以释放，特别是数以亿计的农民得以走出传统村落，进人城市，特别是沿海地区，数以千万计的知识分子聪明才智得到充分发挥；另一方面，规模庞大的国有资产得以盘活，数万亿元的民间资本得以形成，5000亿美元的境外资本得以流入。

翻译硕士英语翻译基础英汉互译专项强化真题试卷30

翻译硕士英语翻译基础英汉互译专项强化真题试卷30(总分：100.00，做题时间：60分钟)翻译题(总题数：10，分数：100.00)1.“蜀国多仙山，峨眉邈难匹。

”中国唐代大诗人李白对峨眉山的咏叹，至今仍穿越时空，余音袅袅。

峨眉山高出五岳、秀甲天下，山势雄伟、气象万千，素有“一山有四季，十里不同天”之妙喻。

集自然风光与佛教文化为一体，著名的旅游胜地和佛教名山，1996年12月6日列入《世界文化与自然遗产名录》。

“仙山佛国”“植物王国”“动物乐园”“地质博物馆”……峨眉以优美的自然风光、悠久的佛教文化、丰富的动植物资源、独特的地质地貌享誉世界，千百年来香火旺盛，游人络绎。

峨眉，一个来了就不想走的地方。

（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________2.在中国，许多家庭把希望放在他们的孩子身上。

希望他们的孩子能够帮助他们实现上大学的梦想。

作为新一代的独生子女——中国计划生育的产物，他们面临各种学业上的压力。

这其中主要是怎样考进重点高中与重点大学。

许多孩子从上小学开始就要做很多作业，他们没有时间娱乐，甚至休息。

他们早上6点钟上学，晚上11点才能上床睡觉。

到周末的时候他们还要去上各种补习班。

这种教育无法使学生全面发展，而且还会给青少年带来许多身体与心理上的伤害。

他们也会在这种以考试为中心的教育模式中逐渐失去对学习的兴趣。

以考试为中心的教育模式很容易导致学校、家长、学生本人只以学习成绩作为评估标准。

长此以往，这种教育理念会导致一种非常不健康的教育价值观。

所以，教育体制改革．全面开展青少年的素质教育是中国教育亟待解决的问题。

（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________3.中国同迅速上涨的房价做斗争已经很久了，但其中令人不快的真相是：买得起房的中国人越来越少，尤其在大城市。

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷16.doc

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷16英译汉1 AIDS Hitting African Farm Sector HardOnce a largely urban problem, AIDS has moved to rural areas in developing countries, devastating thousands of farming communities and leaving impoverished survivors scarcely able to feed themselves. The disease is no longer a health problem alone, but is having a measurable impact on food production, household food security and rural people' s ability to make a living.The latest statistical evidence on sub-Saharan Africa—the worsthit region—confirms the scale of the epidemic' s impact on the countryside.It is estimated that over half of the 28 million people living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa live in rural areas. In order to estimate such figures, epidemiologists start with data taken from tests done on blood samples from pregnant women attending prenatal clinics. They then extrapolate the figures to estimate infection rates in larger areas. Recent findings point to two of the hardest-hit countries— Zimbabwe and Swaziland."This is a real wake-up call for governments," says an expert on AIDS "Policy-makers are guided by evidence. Solid evidence is now coming in and will make governments understand how rural areas are actually more vulnerable to AIDS than urban areas.Recent reports from other African countries show a similar pattern of rampant rural infection.Poverty underlies the suffering and devastation behind these figures. The HIV/AIDS epidemic cannot be addressed without doing something about rural livelihoods: how people make their living, how they get enough food, what strategies they follow in order to survive.2 The Shape of Things to ComeWhen the world was a simpler place, the rich were fat, the poor were thin, and right-thinking people worried about how to feed the hungry. Now, in much of the world, the rich are thin, the poor are fat, and right-thinking people are worrying about obesity.Evolution is mostly to blame. It has designed mankind to cope with deprivation, not plenty. People are perfectly tuned to store energy in good years to see them through lean ones. But when bad times never come, they are stuck with that energy stored around their expanding bellies.Thanks to rising agricultural productivity, lean years are rarer all over the globe. Modern-day Malthusians, who used to draw graphs proving that the world was shortly going to run out of food, have gone rather quiet lately. According to the UN, the numberof people short of food fell from 920m in 1980 to 799m 20 years later, even though the world' s population increased by 1. 6 billion over the period. This is mostly a cause for celebration. Mankind has won what was, for most of his time on this planet, his biggest battle: to ensure that he and his offspring had had enough to eat. But every silver lining has a cloud, and the consequence of prosperity is a new plague that brings with it a host of interesting policy dilemmas.As a scourge of the modern world, obesity has an image problem. It is easier to associate with Father Christmas than with the four horses of the apocalypse. But it has a good claim to lumber along beside them, for it is the world' s biggest public-health issue today—the main cause of heart disease and diabetes. Since the World Health Organization labeled obesity an "epidemic" in 2000, reports on its fearful consequences have come thick and fast.3 A Nation of HypochondriacsThe main impression growing out of twelve years on the faculty of a medical school is that the No. 1 health problem in the U. S. today, even more than AIDS or cancer, is that Americans don' t know how to think about health and illness. Our reactions are formed on the terror level. We fear the worst, expect the worst and invite the worst. The result is that we are becoming a nation of weaklings and hypochondriacs, a self-medicating society incapable of distinguishing between casual , everyday symptoms and those that require professional attention.Somewhere in our early education we become addicted to the notion that pain means sickness. We fail to learn that pain is the body' s way of informing the mind that we are doing something wrong, not necessarily that something is wrong. We don' t understand that pain may be telling us that we are eating too much or the wrong things; or that we are smoking too much or drinking too much; or that there is too much emotional congestion in our lives; or that we are being worn down by having to cope daily with overcrowded streets and highways, the pounding noise of garbage grinders , or the cosmic distance between the entrance to the airport and the departure gate. We get the message of pain all wrong. Instead of addressing ourselves to the cause, we become pushovers for pills, driving the pain underground and inviting it to return with increased authority.4 The workmanship of the Supernote was extraordinary. It had sequential serial numbers, and the printing plates continued to be refined. A Secret Service agent identified Kelly' s two samples as Supernotes by three minuscule imperfections. Even when the flaws were pointed out, Kelly says, " I frankly couldn' t see the damn imperfections. "Most alarming of all, the Supernote was so well engineered that it could fool currency scanners at the nation' s twelve Federal Reserve banks. The black ink on the front of American currency contains ferrous oxide, which is magnetic, and the Fed' s scannersread the magnetic field down the center line of the portrait with such precision that a thousand genuine hundred-dollar bills are rejected for every one that is later found to be counterfeit. Yet, Kelly recalls, " Secret Service told me the bills went through those machines".The Supernote, Kelly learned, had been circulating in Europe, the Far East, the Middle East, and the former Soviet Union, but only limited supply had reached the United States. This was not reassuring. Of the almost three hundred and ninety billion dollars in American paper money now in existence, some two-thirds, or more than two hundred and fifty billion, is in foreign hands. The worldwide popularity of the dollar is a tremendous boon to the United States. The Federal Reserve is fond of pointing out, every bill in circulation is in effect an interest-free loan; an equivalent amount in government securities would cost the United States more than twenty-five billion dollars in annual interest payments. The beauty of bills stuffed in a mattress in Kazakhstan, for instance, is the good chance that the notes will never be called in. The Supernote was by no means the first foreign-made or foreign-distributed counterfeit of American currency, but because of its frightening and unprecedented quality it seemed singularly poised to damage world confidence in the dollar.5 Elysee PalaceThe Elysee Palace in France enjoys equal popularity in the world with the Buckingham Palace in the United Kingdom, the Kremlin in Russia as well as the White House in the U. S. A. It is the residence of the president of the French Republic and the symbol of the supreme authority in France.The Elysee Palace, with an area of 11,000 square meters, is at the eastern end of the Champs Elysee in the bustling city of Paris proper and backed by a large and tranquil garden of more than twenty thousand square meters. Its main building, quite handsome and graceful, is a 2-story classical stone architecture of European style, flanked by two side buildings facing each other and with an extensive rectangular courtyard in the middle. There are altogether 369 halls and rooms of different size.The Elysee Palace, built in 1718, has a long history of closing to 300 years to date. This house was at first a private residence of a count named d' Evreau, hence it was called Hotel d' Ev-reau. It had later gone through many vicissitudes and its owners had been changed for many times, but all the dwellers in it were distinguished personages and high officials. The house was renamed Bonaparte Mansion when it was owned by Louis XV and Louis XVI successively when they acted as emperors. Napoleon I signed his act of abdication here when he had suffered crushing defeat in the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. Napoleon III moved in the Mansion in 1848 when he was elected president, and the house became a Royal Palace when he proclaimed himself as emperor. The Third French Republic issued a decree in 1873, designating officially the Elysee Palace as the residence of president of the French Republic. Over the hundred odd years since then,almost all the presidents of the French Republic worked and lived there. Starting from 1989, the Elysee Palace is open to the public every year in September on the French Castles Day.。

英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷10(题后含答案及解析)

英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷10(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. 英汉互译英汉互译英译汉1．American urbanization went forward in the same climate of the unexpected that has characterized urbanization everywhere. Townsmen, home builders, immigrants, businesses, and governments have made their way in a setting of constant change. They have dwelt in a space they could never know or predict. The settlement , the building and rebuilding, the economy and the governance of American cities thus takes the shape of a history of peoples who brought commonly accepted knowledge and traditions to a situation that demanded continuing adaptation and change. Today the United States is a thoroughly urbanized nation. Only 3. 4 percent of the population still farms, and everyone else, regardless of the size of the settlement, is employed in urban-type jobs. Yet for all the novelty of the present situation, survivals of past stages of American urbanization continues as active tensions within the new totally urbanized setting. The racial conflicts between whites and blacks, devolving from the seventeenth century enslavement of Africans, grind on. Seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth century conflicts among farmers, village merchants, city brokers, and bankers go forward in the politics of governments-subsidized agriculture and government-managed banking. The rivalries among developers, contractors, and cities that characterized the building of nineteenth century canals and railroads reappear in the politics of interstate highways, airplanes, and telecommunications. The specialized city districts that first took shape in the nineteenth century now have been magnified a thousand times into the giant mosaics of metropolitan suburbs, industrial and office parks, shopping centers, and resort and retirement settlements. The community-destroying tensions of relative poverty amidst great wealth first appeared with urban boom of the early nineteenth century. At that time these tensions found their characteristic outlets in workers unions. Now riches and poverty are separated into distant enclaves within vast metropolitan regions, and class conflicts appear in the rivalry of economic factions for special advantages within the system of welfare capitalism of the federal government. The American city remains, as in the nineteenth century, the preeminent place of class contrast, but in the current national and international economy of the United States the city is no longer the place where relief can be sought.正确答案：美国的城市化，在那些毫无预见的人看来，是在其他地方的城市化毫无二致的气氛中进行的。

翻译硕士英语翻译基础英汉互译专项强化真题试卷33(题后含答案及解析)

翻译硕士英语翻译基础英汉互译专项强化真题试卷33(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.1．二十年来，我生活费中至少十分之一二是消耗在书上的。

我的房子里比较贵重的东西就是书。

书籍到了我的手里，我的习惯是先看序文，次看目录。

页数不多的往往立刻通读，篇幅大的，只把正文任择一二章节略加翻阅，就插在书架上。

除小说外，我少有全体读完的大部的书，只凭了购人当时的记忆，知道某册书是何种性质，其中大概有些什么可取的材料而已。

什么书在什么时候再去读再去翻，连我自己也无把握，完全要看一个时期一个时期的兴趣。

正确答案：For the past twenty years, books have eaten into at least 10-20 percent of my pocket. Now the only things of some value under my roof, if any, are my books. As soon as a new book comes to hand, I always read the preface first and then the table of contents. If it happens to be a thin one, I often finish it at one sitting. Otherwise, I often browse through one or two chapters or sections before putting it onto my bookshelf. I seldom read a thick book from cover to cover unless it is a novel. By dint of the first impression it made on me at the time of buying, I have a rough idea of what a book is about and what useful materials in it are available to me. But I have little idea which book is to be read or looked over again at what time. It is completely subject to the whims of the moment.解析：本文选自著名文学家、教育家、出版家夏丐尊的《我之于书》一文。

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷25.doc

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷25汉译英1 必须优化传统的出口商品结构，靠价格和数量竞争的时代已一去不复返了。

在当今激烈竞争的世界上，只有以质取胜和改善售前售后服务才能行得通。

要通过精加工和深加丁提高出口商品的附加值；要努力生产适销对路的名特优新产品和“拳头”产品打入国际市场。

由于市场形势千变万化，出口产品必须不断地更新换代，做到你无我有，你有我优，胜人—筹。

2 矿产资源是自然资源的重要组成部分，是人类社会发展的重要物质基础。

中国是世界上最早开发利用矿产资源的国家之一。

过去50年，中国在矿产资源勘探开发方面取得巨大成就。

这为中国经济的持续、快速、健康发展提供了重要保障。

中国政府高度重视可持续发展和矿产资源的合理利用，把可持续发展确定为国家战略，把保护资源作为可持续发展战略的重要内容。

中国是一个人口众多、资源相对不足的发展中国家。

中国主要依靠本国的矿产资源来保障现代化建设的需要。

同时，中国又积极引进国外资本和技术开发中国矿产资源，利用国外市场与国外矿产资源，并努力推动中国矿山企业和矿产品进入国际市场。

3 中国经济上半年总体上保持了持续、快速、健康的发展态势。

从宏观经济来说不能轻言“过热”。

严格地讲，过热不是个经济词汇。

过热相当于人体的发烧，是一种病态。

把这个不严谨的词汇放在经济生活中容易引起误解。

比如说过热和高速度是什么关系?高速度能不能等于过热?当然，在思想上时刻警惕过热是必要的，但是全社会都来炒作“过热”会有不好的效果。

比如，如果中国经济现在过热，下一步肯定会出现通货膨胀，可能会“踩刹车”，外资就会对自己的投资重新进行论证。

国内企业家也会这样想。

过热炒作太多的话会影响一些非专家型的人。

就像医生对病人说疾病的时候要科学、严谨，否则会给病人带来很大的心理负担。

心理因素在社会经济生活中越来越重要，舆论引导民众心理要有正确的方向。

4 高科技竞争的负面影响市场经济下的公平竞争是促进经济繁荣的重要因素，但竞争过了头，则其负面影响就不容忽视。

翻译硕士(MTI)英语翻译基础(英译汉)模拟试卷一

英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷一1.In these times when market forces appear increasingly complicated and more volatile, it is all the more important to understand the professional jargon and terminology in the market place in order to be able to better make our investment and business decisions. Understanding key-economic indicators will assist in the decision making process, providing a snapshot of the current situation and an insight into the future.Each economic indicator tells us something about the economy or inflation. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is probably the most important report as it is the whole framework where other economic indicators fall under. Using the textbook formula where Gross National Product = Consumption + Investment + Government Spending + Exports - Imports, some of the indicators will fall into the above-mentioned category e. g. retail sales figures will fall under consumption, construction spending under investment, to name a few.There are also indicators that are broader that tell us about the economy itself rather than the component, e. g. employment figures, leading indicators, money supply figures ( M3 ). Inflation figures, Produce Price Index ( PPI) and the Consumer Price Index ( CPI) will, in short, inform us of the changes in wholesale prices, cost of consumer ( retail) goods and services respectively.An indicator that is useful must be accurate, timely and reliable. It depends entirely on the integrity of the national statistical system responsible. It is vital to know the accurate components of an indicator. We have to be mindful of the limitation of these statistical figures too.Some indicators can be historic or extremely volatile, and therefore their value are reduced. It is better to compare the most recent data with earlier months, or take a moving average for the past 3, 6 or 12 months to smooth the data. It will tell us if there has been a significant change in trend and whether a new direction is under way.标准答案在目前这种时期，市场越来越变幻莫测、动荡不定，要做出明智的商业投资决策，理解市场相关的专业术语变得尤为重要。

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础(英汉互译)模拟试卷29.doc

[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷29汉译英1 哲学家只是一味地同古往今来的灵魂交谈——他读书，是同古昔人物交谈；他写作，是同子孙后代交谈；他讲演，是同莘莘学子交谈；他沉思是同自己交谈。

他长于洞见，洞见未来；他善于遐想，遐想无限；他耽于梦幻，幻游彼岸；他富于关怀，关怀永恒。

他同远在天涯的哲人和精神交谈，在这个意义上，他视通万里，思接千载。

他伟大，他不朽，他同古往今来的灵魂对话。

2 有时候，在工作中重要的倒是能否处理好人际关系而不是有很多的才能。

人际关系就是一种善于听取别人的意见，体察别人的需要，虚心接受批评的能力。

善于处理人际关系的人敢于承认错误，敢于承担自己的责任，这是对待错误的一种成熟和负责任的态度。

这就是为什么许多平平庸庸的公司雇员在大调整中保住了位置，而有才能的人反到下岗。

因为他们很注意处理各方面的关系，所以八面玲珑，到处有缘。

而人际关系差的人往往不能处理好批评。

碰到错误，他们首先想到自己，拒不承认错误，或情绪低落或大发雷霆，成为有刺的人，难以相处。

3 真正成为自己不是一件容易的事。

世上有许多人，你说他是什么都行，例如是一种职业、一个身份、一个角色，唯独不是他自己。

如果一个人总是按别人的意见生活，没有自己的独立思索，总是为外在的事务忙碌，没有自己的内心生活，那么，说他不是他自己就一点儿也没有冤枉他。

因为确确实实，从他的头脑到他的心灵，你在其中已经找不到丝毫真正属于他自己的东西了，他只是别人的一个影子和事务的一架机器罢了。

4 社会在每个人的心中制造了一种害怕心理，害怕被拒绝，害怕被人嘲笑，害怕失去尊严，害怕人们将怎么说。

你不得不调整自己来适合所有盲目的、无意识的人们，你不能成为你自己。

这是从古到今我们整个世界的一个基本的传统，即没有人被允许成为他自己。

你唯一的责任是对你的本性负责，不要反对它。

因为你反对它，等于是在自杀，是在摧毁你自己。

那么，你又将会得到什么呢?即使人们尊敬你，人们认为你是一个非常正统的、受人尊重的、高尚的人，而这些根本无法滋养你的存在，无法使你对生命及其他的非凡的美有更多的洞察。

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[考研类试卷]英语翻译基础（英汉互译）模拟试卷31
汉译英
1 当然恐惧还是有些道理的。

我们正处在一个变化的时代。

我们深感变化的必要性，我们正在变，我们必须变。

我们抵挡不住变化，就像树叶到秋天挡不住要变黄、变枯，球茎在春天挡不住要钻出土壤，萌出新芽一样。

我们正在变，我们正处于变化的阵痛之中，这将是一种伟大的变化。

本能让我们感觉到，直觉使我们认识到这种变化。

他们害怕了，因为变化带来痛苦，同时每逢重要的转变时期，一切都捉摸不定，而有生命的东西最容易受之伤害。

2 近来法律方面的研究表明，目击者在法庭上对嫌疑犯的指认并非想象中的那么可靠。

记忆是十分复杂的，在有关我们的大脑如何工作以及我们的记忆能达到什么程度方面，人们普遍持有的一些看法常常是错误的。

无论是常识还是研究都表明记忆会随时间的流逝而变得模糊。

刚刚接受信息后的回忆和识别能力是最准确的，它先是迅速下降，然后逐渐减弱。

拖延的时间越长，事件之后得到的信息越有可能与原始的记忆相冲突，从而降低其准确性。

而且，目击者事后会看到、读到一些信息，然后将它融合进来，产生某种与所经历的事情不同的东西，使他们对事件和罪犯记忆的可靠性大大降低。

对法官和陪审团来说，断定记忆最终是可靠的事实还是不可靠的编造在很大程度上似乎仍然是个挑战。

3 家庭暴力应引起关注
中国目前的《婚姻法》允许挨打的妻子打110报警，这是一个很大的进步。

难办的是维系夫妻的绝不仅仅是感情，有人只为孩子、为了体面、为怕有更凄惨的下场而忍气吞声，如果出于此种原因，那么再坚强的女权主义者也是无奈的。

法律专家认为，关注“暴力威胁”，即威胁配偶说“你要离婚就杀了你”之类，按照联合国《消除对妇女的暴力宣言》“对妇女暴力”的定义，这也是一种施暴。

这种行为也应该受到法律的干预。

国外如果有此类报警，威胁者会被带走、受警告和教育。

总之，社会需要完善这方面的法制，使家庭暴力无法作为“家务事”而不受限制。

4 在立法中多一点女性视角，对于当代立法者更具有现实意义。

单不说现实生活中存在的男女不平等现象，就是立法者大多数是男性这个事实，便有可能使我们的法律在不知不觉中就已带上男性的印记。

所以，立法者必须超出社会现有的习惯，
将更多的视角投到妇女这个弱势群体上。

在立法中，应多一点女性视角，对女性多一些关怀、多一些保护。

5 我国宪法明文规定，妇女在政治、经济、文化、社会中和家庭各个方面享有与男子同等的权利。

既然男女同权、男女平权，法律应该是不讲性别的，这样才能达到男女平等，才算是真正公平。

但事实上，在法律保护妇女、社会尊重妇女、男女平等的今天，男女不平等的现象依然或多或少地存在着。