2016年北京大学英语翻译基础考研真题,复试经验
2016年北京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题
2016年北京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题一、完型填空文章如下：How digital culture is rewiring our brainsOur brains are superlatively evolved to adapt to our environment: a process known as neuroplasticity. The connections between our brain cells will be shaped strengthened and refined by our individual experiences. It is this personalisation of the physical brain driven by unique interactions with the external world that arguably constitutes the biological basis of each mind so what will happen to that mind if the external world changes in unprecedented ways for example with an all-pervasive digital technology?A recent survey in the US showed that more than half of teenagers aged 13 to 17 spend more than 30 hours a week outside school using computers and other web-connected devices. If their environment is being transformed for so much of the time into a fast-paced and highly interactive two-dimensional space the brain will adapt for good or ill. Professor Michael Merzenich of the University of California San Francisco gives a typical neuroscientific perspective.''There is a massive and unprecedented difference in how 'digital natives' brains are plastically engaged in life compared with those of average individuals from earlier generations and there is little question that the operational characteristics of the average modern brain substantially differ'' he says. The implications of such a sweeping ''mind change'' must surely extend into education policy. Most obviously time spent in front of a screen is time not spent doing other things. Several studies have already documented a lixxxxnk between the recreational use of computers and a decline in school performance. Perhaps most important of all we need to understand the full impact of cyber culture on the emotional and cognitive profile of the 21st-century mind.AdvertisementInevitably there is a variety of issues. Let us look at just three.First social networking. Eye contact is a pivotal and sophisticated component of human interaction as is subconscious monitoring of body language and most powerful of all physical contact yet none of these experiences is available on social networking sites. It follows that if a young brain with the evolutionary mandate to adapt to the environment is establishing relationships through the medium of a screen the skills essential for empathy may not be acquired as naturally as in the past.In line with this prediction a recent study from Michigan University of 14000 college students has reported a decline in empathy over the past 30 years which was particularly marked over the past decade.Such data does not of course prove a causal lixxxxnk but just as with smoking and cancer some 50 years ago epidemiologists could investigate any possible connection.The psychologist Sherry Turkle of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has argued in her recent book Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other that the more continuously connected people are in cyberspace the more isolated they feel.Second video games. Neuropsychological studies suggest frequent and continued playing might lead to enhanced recklessness. Data also indicates reduced attention spans and possible addiction. In line with this significant chemical and even structural changes are being reported in the brains of obsessional gamers. No single paper is ever likely to be accepted unanimously as conclusive but asurvey of 136 reports using 381 independent tests and conducted on more than 130000 participants concluded that video games led to significant increases in desensitisation physiological arousal aggression and a decrease in prosocial behaviour.Third search engines. Can the internet improve cognitive skills and learning as has been argued? The problem is that efficient information processing is not synonymous with knowledge or understanding. Even the chairman of Google Eric Schmidt has said: ''I worry that the level of interrupt the sort of overwhelming rapidity of information - and especially of stressful information - is in fact affecting cognition. It is in fact affecting deeper thinking. I still believe that sitting down and reading a book is the best way to really learn something.'' Given the plasticity of the brain it is not surprising adapting to a cyber-environment will also lead to positives - for example enhanced performance in skills that are continuously rehearsed such as a mental agility similar to that needed in IQ tests or in visuomotor co-ordination. However we urgently need a fuller picture.二、阅读理解（四篇）第三篇原文如下：The rise in female employment also seems to have coincided with (or perhaps precipitated) a similarly steep rise in standards for what it means to be a good parent and especially a good mother. Niggling feelings of guilt and ambivalence over working outside the home together with some social pressures compel many women to try to fulfil idealised notions of motherhood as well says Judy Wajcman a sociology professor at the London School of Economics and author of a new book "Pressed for Time: The Acceleration of Life in Digital Capitalism".The struggle to "have it all" may be a fairly privileged modern challenge. But it bears noting that even in professional dual-income households mothers still handle the lion's share of parenting—particularly the daily routine jobs that never feelfinished. Attentive fathers handle more of the enjoyable tasks such as taking children to games and playing sports while mothers are stuck with most of the feeding cleaning and nagging. Though women do less work around the house than they used to the jobs they do tend to be the never-ending ones like tidying cooking and laundry. Well-educated men chip in far more than their fathers ever did and more than their less-educated peers but still put in only half as much time as women do. And men tend to do the discrete tasks that are more easily crossed off lists such as mowing lawns or fixing things round the house. All of this helps explain why time for mothers and especially working mothers always feels scarce. "Working mothers with young children are the most time-scarce segment of society" says Geoffrey Godbey a time-use expert at Penn State University. Parents also now have far more insight into how children learn and develop so they have more tools (and fears) as they groom their children for adulthood. This reinforces another reason why well-off people are investing so much time in parenthood: preparing children to succeed is the best way to transfer privilege from one generation to the next. Now that people are living longer parents are less likely to pass on a big financial bundle when they die. So the best way to ensure the prosperity of one's children is to provide the education and skills needed to get ahead particularly as this human capital grows ever more important for success.This helps explain why privileged parents spend so much time worrying over schools and chauffeuring their children to résumé-enhancing activities. "Parents are now afraid of doing less than their neighbors" observes Philip Cohen a sociology professor at the University of Maryland who studies contemporary families. "It can feel like an arms race."No time to loseLeisure time is now the stuff of myth. Some are cursed with too much. Others find it too costly to enjoy. Many spend their spare moments staring at a screen of some kind even though doing other things (visiting friends volunteering at a church) tends to make people happier. Not a few presumethey will cash in on all their stored leisure time when they finally retire whenever that may be. In the meantime being busy has its rewards. Otherwise why would people go to such trouble?Alas time ultimately is a strange and slippery resource easily traded visible only when it passes and often most highly valued when it is gone. No one has ever complained of having too much of it. Instead most people worry over how it flies and wonder where it goes. Cruelly it runs away faster as people get older as each accumulating year grows less significant proportionally but also less vivid. Experiences become less novel and more habitual. The years soon bleed together and end up rushing past with the most vibrant memories tucked somewhere near the beginning. And of course the more one tries to hold on to something the swifter it seems to go.Writing in the first century Seneca was startled by how little people seemed to value their lives as they were living them—how busy terribly busy everyone seemed to be mortal in their fears immortal in their desires and wasteful of their time. He noticed how even wealthy people hustled their lives along ruing their fortune anticipating a time in the future when they would rest. "People are frugal in guarding their personal property; but as soon as it comes to squandering time they are most wasteful of the one thing in which it is right to be stingy" he observed in "On the Shortness of Life" perhaps the very first time-management self-help book. Time on Earth may be uncertain and fleeting but nearly everyone has enough of it to take some deep breaths think deep thoughts and smell some roses deeply. "Life is long if you know how to use it" he counseled.Nearly 2000 years later de Grazia offered similar advice. Modern life that leisure-squandering money-hoarding grindstone-nosing frippery-buying business left him exasperated. He saw that everyone everywhere was running running running but to where? For what? People were trading their time for all sorts of things but was the exchange worth it? He closed his 1962 tome "Of Time Work and Leisure" with a precision.三、排序文章如下：Modern CriticismDICKSON D. BRUCE JR.W. E. B. Du Bois and the Idea of Double ConsciousnessAs scholars have developed a greater understanding of the importance of African American literature to the American tradition they have also developed a real appreciation for the critical place of the thought of W. E. B. Du Bois in both that literature and that tradition in the twentieth century. In particular they have focused on the famous passage from Du Bois's 1897 Atlantic magazine essay "Strivings of the Negro People" -- later republished with revisions in The Souls of Black Folk (1903) -- in which Du Bois spoke of an African American "double consciousness" a "two-ness" of being" an American a Negro; two warring ideals in one dark body whose dogged strength alone keeps it from being torn asunder."Du Bois's use of the idea of double consciousness to characterize issues of race was provocative and unanticipated; however as has only occasionally been noted and never really pursued the term itself had a long history by the time Du Bois published his essay in 1897. Du Bois wrote about double consciousness in a way that drew heavily on that history to create a fairly coherent pattern of connotations in both the essay and the later book. The background of meaning which the term evoked would have been familiar to many if not most of the educated middle- and upper-class readers of the Atlantic one of the foremost popular journals of letters of the day and should have contributed much to the understanding of Du Bois's arguments by those readers.In using the term "double consciousness" Du Bois drew on two main sources. One of these was essentially figurative a product of European Romanticism and American Transcendentalism. The other not entirely unrelated and mentioned briefly by historian Arnold Rarnpersad in his ownanalysis of Du Bois's work was initially medical carried forward into Du Bois's time by the emerging field of psychology. Here the term "double consciousness" was applied to cases of split personality; by the late nineteenth century it had come into quite general use not only in professional publications but also in discussions of psychological research published for general audiences as well .The figurative sources for Du Bois's idea of double consciousness are in some ways the most telling. Although one can identify from nineteenth-century literature several possible precedents for Du Bois's use of the term-from Whittier for example or George Eliot-Werner Sollors has described this figurative background as Ernersonian and indeed one of the earliest such occurrences of the term may be found in Emerson's works; In an 1843 essay entitled "The Transcendentalist" a piece he had delivered earlier as a lecture Emerson employed the term "double consciousness" to refer to a problem in the life of one seeking to take a Transcendental perspective on self and world. Constantly he wrote the individual is pulled back from the divine by the demands of daily life. The Transcendentalist knows" moments of illumination" and this makes his situation all the more difficult because lie then sees his life from the perspective those moments create as too much dominated by meanness and insignificance. As Emerson wrote "The worst feature of this double consciousness is that the two lives of the understanding and of the soul which lie leads really show very littlerelation to each other: one prevails now all buzz and din; the other prevails then all infinitude and paradise; and with the progress of life the two discover no greater disposition to reconcile themselves." Concerned with different issues Emerson used the term in a way that was not exactly the same as Du Bois's. But there was more than enough similarity to make Emerson's a useful background to what Du Bois was trying to say.In Emerson's essay "double-consciousness" evoked a set of oppositions that had become commonplace in Transcendentalism and as other scholars have shown in Romanticism generally. In the passage itself was a dichotomy between "the understanding" and "the soul" but even that referred to a more general set all organized around a central division between world and spirit. The double consciousness plaguing the Transcendentalist summarized the downward pull of life in society -- including the social forces inhibiting genuine self-realization and the upward pull of communion with the divine; the apparent chaos of things as they are and the unity of Nature comprehended by universal law; and the demanding cold rationality of commercial society and the search for Truth Beauty and Goodness -- especially Beauty-that ennobled the soul. Human beings in the world could not escape its downward pull. The worldly was an essential part of living one's life. The Transcendental double consciousness grew out of an awareness that Nature and the soul were so much more.A similar set of oppositions was an important part of Du Bois's argument in his "Strivings of the Negro People." Although in the essay Du Bois used "double consciousness" to refer to at least three different issues -- including first the real powerof white stereotypes in black life and thought and second the double consciousness created by the practical racism that excluded every black American from the mainstream of the society the double consciousness of being both an American and not an American -- by double consciousness Du Bois referred most importantly to an internal conflict in the African American individual between what was "African" and what was "American." It was in terms of this third sense that the figurative background to "double consciousness" gave the term its most obvious support because for Du Bois the essence of a distinctive African consciousness was its spirituality a spirituality baxxxxsed in Africa but revealed among African Americans in their folklore their history of patient suffering and their faith. In this sense double consciousness related particularly to Du Bois's efforts to privilege the spiritual in relation to the materialistic commercial world white America. "Negro blood has a message for the world" he wrote and this message as he had been saying since at least 1888 was of aspiritual sense and a softening influence that black people could bring to a cold and calculating world. What Sherman Paul says of Emerson's stress on the "feminine eye" one may also say of Du Bois's stress on the African soul that it serves as an alternative to a dominant inability to "see" apart from the possibilities for action and profit a notion Du Bois played on when guided by his important figure of the "veil" lie described the African American as gifted with a kind of "second sight."四、作文computer translation 的发展前景，以后需不需要人力的参与，以此为话题写作文，要求尤其讨论人力的参与与否。
北京大学(北大)翻硕硕士英语考研真题、难度解析(精)
北京大学英语笔译 MTI 考研信息整理北京大学英语笔译考研参考书、招生人数、历年分数线、报录比、复试信息1.招生人数2015年的北大英语笔译方向计划招生 30人,接受推免人数 15~20人;实际招生人数为:18人(2人为港澳台学生接受推免人数:12人; 2016年的北大英语笔译方向计划招生 30人,接受推免人数 15人;实际招生人数为:18人(1人为港澳台学生接受推免人数:12人; 学制:两年北大翻硕学费:2016年:5万/两年;2015年:8万/两年;前几年北大翻硕的学费都比较高,16年进行了调整,降至 5万。
2.初试考试科目:1、101思想政治理论(100分2、211翻译硕士英语(100分3、357英语翻译基础(150分4、448汉语写作与百科知识(150分★★★育明宋老师解析:北大英语 MTI 只有笔译一个方向,初试除了思想政治理论是全国统一试卷, 剩下的三门专业课, 都是北大自主出题, 出题的整体方向都偏文学性, 特别指出的是, 北大英语 MTI 和日语的 MTI 的专业课汉语写作与百科知识,考的是同一张试卷,分为基础知识(100分和专业知识(50分两部分,满分 150分.北大考研(翻译技巧——形容词的翻译形容词与比较级形容词的第三大难点即形容词比较级的翻译,说到这里,很多小伙伴不以为然,不就是“比…更…” 吗,但是,你要相信考试的时候是不会出“this stick is longer than that one”这类弱智句子的, 下面我们一起来缕缕这些时常困扰着我们的比较级~1, “比较级+than”结构,这类句式比较常见,在翻译时,要先翻译 than 后面的内容,如:①Marseilles has proved to be a better racial melting pot than Lyons.事实证明,与里昂相比,马赛是一个更好的种族大熔炉。
②She’s much happier performing live than in a recording studio.与在录音棚里录音相比,她更喜欢现场表演。
2016年北京大学翻译硕士百科知识欧美文学考研真题,复试经验
2016年翻译硕士考研指导维多利亚时期（Victorian Era1819年—1901年）威廉·华兹华斯（William Wordsworth）：“湖畔派”诗人（Lake poets），“桂冠诗人”（Poet Laureate）。
代表作《独自云游》（I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud），《孤寂的割麦女》（The Solitary Reaper），《丁登寺杂咏》（Lines Composed a Few Miles about Tintern Abbey），《序曲》（The Prelude）。
塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治（Samuel Taylor Coleridge）：“湖畔派”诗人（Lake poets）。
代表作《古舟子咏》（The Rime of the Ancient Marine），《忽必烈汗》（Kubla Khan），《克里斯塔贝尔》（Christabel）。
罗伯特·索西（Robert Southey）：最年轻的“湖畔派”诗人（Lake poets），“桂冠诗人”（Poet Laureate）。
代表作短诗《布莱尼姆之战》（The Battle of Blenheim），《我与死者做伴的日子已经结束》（My Days among the Dead are Past），《撒拉巴》（Thalaba the Destroyer），长诗《克哈马的诅咒》（The Curse of Kehama）。
乔治·戈登·拜伦（George Gordon Byron）：伟大的诗人，英国浪漫主义文学运动的杰出代表。
代表作《恰尔德·哈罗尔德游记》（Child Harold’s Pilgrimage），长诗《唐·璜》（Don Juan）。
波希·比希·雪莱（Percy Bysshe Shelley）：著名诗人，浪漫主义文学运动的杰出代表。
2016年北京大学翻译硕士考研参考书,历年考研真题,
2017年北京大学翻译硕士考研参考书2016北京大学翻译硕士考研真题完型关键词americanstudentsspend,outsideschool,30hours a weekProcessingknowledgeandunderstandingGooglesittinglearndeepreadingattention spanscreen time Reduced attentionempathy in line with this prediction Accepted as unanimously13to 17if the environment is substitutedfor so much time the brain will adapt 阅读三关键词院校名称报录比推荐参考书备注北京大学1：251-《中式英语之鉴》Joan Pinkham 、姜桂华著，2000年，外语教学与研究出版社。
2-《英汉翻译简明教程》庄绎传著，2002年，外语教学与研究出版社。
3-《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》叶子南著，2001年，清华大学出版社。
4-《非文学翻译理论与实践》罗进德主编，2004年，中国对外翻译出版公司。
5-《非文学翻译》，李长栓著，2009年9月外语教学与研究出版社出版。
6-《非文学翻译理论与实践》，李长栓著，中国对外翻译出版公司。
7-《百科知识考点精编与真题解析》，光明日报出版社8-《全国翻译硕士考研真题解析》天津科技翻译出版社英语翻硕20人左右，日语翻译硕士20人左右，2年，学生须按学年交纳学费，学费总额为8万元。
复试分数线一般在330分左右，15年分数线340.育明教育咨询师分析认为，北大翻译硕士考查题目难度较高，推荐英语本专业，尤其是重点本科的英语专业的报考。
北大翻硕百科侧重文学、法律、时政等方面，自然科学考查的不多，翻译理论考查的也不多。
具体考查侧重点，考生可以根据育明教育辅导课程进行学习。
2016年北京大学翻译硕士考研真题 参考书、考研辅导班、考研培训
北京大学翻译硕士考研真题--百科知识解析1.1政治1.1.1考研真题及详解12.中国特色社会主义理论体系，就是包括邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想以及科学发展观等重大战略思想在内的科学理论体系。
请解释“‘三个代表’重要思想”和“科学发展观”两个名词。
（中山大学2010翻译硕士〉答：（1)“三个代表”重要思想的基本内容包括：中国共产党要始终代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，始终代表中国先进文化的前进方向，始终代表中国最广大人民的根本利益。
2000年2月25日，江泽民同志在广东省考察工作押，从全面总结党的历史经验和如何适应新形势新任务的要求出发，首次对“三个代表”重要思想进行了比较全面的阐述。
“三个代表”的重要论述具有鲜明的时代特征，不仅是党的建设的重大课题，同时，它事关改革开放和两个文明建设的成败，事关全党全国工作大局，事关党和国家的前途命运，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源。
(2)科学发展观，是中国共产党在胡锦涛总书记的领导下提出的重大战略思想。
科学发展观通常是指党的十六届三中全会中提出的“坚持以人为本，树立全面、协调、可持续的发展观，促进经济社会和人的全面发展”，按照“统筹城乡发展、统筹经济社会发展、统筹人与自然和谐发展、统筹国内发展和对外开放”的要求推进各项事业的改革和发展的一种方法论，是从新世纪新阶段党和国家事业发展全局出发提出的重大战略思想，也是发展中国特色社会主义必须坚持和贯彻的重大战略思想。
13.中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度，是把马克思主义政党理论和统一战线学说同我国实际相结合的产物，既是我国的政党制度，也是我们的一项基本政治制度。
请解释“中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度”，并举出我国现有的8个民主党派中的任何4个。
（中山大学2010翻译硕士）答：（1)中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度是中华人民共和国的一项基本的政治制度，是具有中国特色的政党制度。
这一制度的基本内容包括以下几个方面。
2016年北师大翻译硕士考研真题,考研经验分享,考研大纲
2016年北京师范大学翻译硕士考研真题解析基础英语：第一题：关于留守儿童的完形填空，涉及留守儿童教育，家长及祖辈的选择，因为没有工作地户口，儿童上学不便，而祖父母的医保等问题也没法解决，只能让祖父母留在老家照顾孩子，而父母出去打工；第二题：阅读理解，全是选择题，但不简单，只记得两个，一个是关于云计算，另一个是一个文学评论家评论文学女性，重点评论勃朗特三姐妹；第三题是段落排序，好像是关于一个喜剧演员的表演；第四题：作文，thereis a view that people today is spending too much time on personal enjoymentrather than doing what they should do.请据此写篇议论文。
英语翻译基础：英译汉：zebracrossing；ticketscalper；productplacement；skopostheory；breach ofcontract；decimalsystem；ruralurbanization；expresscompany；soildegradation；Buckinghampalace；Lost andFound；light beer；family tree；Outboundtourism；National Geo graphic汉译英：硬骨头；拦路虎；依法治国；政治机构改革；中国人民抗日战争；敌后战区；游击区；中国梦；和平发展道路；千里之行，始于足下；和而不同；先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐；现金支付；名人；沿海经济文化诸君智高目明，可以说，题目不难。
有的考生也认为，“没有想象的那么难。
”阅卷时，我们关注翻译实践的规律，有参考答案，但也只是“参考”；有的答案是惟一正确的，但更多的考题是考语言能力。
词语翻译的英译汉部分考的就是基本知识，没有特别偏的考题。
比如，Buckingham Palace，正确答案是“白金汉宫”，考生的答案有“白宫”、“贝克汉姆宫”；zebra crossing，正确答案是“斑马线”或“人行横道线”，考生的答案有“斑马迁徙”。
2016北京大学翻译硕士考研复试宝典
2013北京大学翻译硕士考研复试分数线考试科目专业学位政治外语数学专业或综合课总分备注翻译英语580101505090345日语505090360口、笔译两个专业2014北京大学翻译硕士考研复试分数线考试科目政治外语数学专业或总分备注专业学位综合课翻译英语580101505090330日语505090325口、笔译两个专业2015北京大学翻译硕士考研复试分数线考试科目专业学位政治外语数学专业或综合课总分备注翻译英语580101506090340日语506090370口、笔译两个专业第一篇考研复试综合指导如果说考研是一场没有硝烟的战争，复试则是决定战争命运的“诺曼底登陆”，需要我们运用勇气和智慧来夺取战役的最后胜利。
寒假里，大家都应该在家里过着舒服悠哉的生活。
无忧无虑好吃好喝的日子总会让人消沉。
当你趴在被窝玩手机的时候，别人在寒风中疯狂练习英语。
当你在喝着茶听音乐的时候，别人在苦读复试参考书。
当你在逛街购物的时候别人在对着镜子练习演讲。
逆袭，往往发生在竞争对手都放松的时候！无论初试结果如何，复试才是终极之战。
也许初试你没有考好，那复试便是你唯一逆转的机会。
或许初试你的成绩很理想，但是也可能被逆转超越。
很多考生早在一月初就开始准备复试，为的就是在复试中一举超越。
想逆袭超越，我们就要做个有准备的人，正所谓知己知彼百战百胜，只有这样同学们才可能有备无患，达到“兵来将挡水来土掩的效果”，最终实现完美的转折。
第一节复试考查内容一般来说考研复试包括笔试和面试两部分。
笔试又包括英语考试(含听力)和专业课考试；面试包括英语口语测试和导师专业课面询两部分。
有些院校还有体检的部分，所以需要考生提前做好咨询和准备。
由于不同的专业和院校有所不同，具体内容依据各院校安排而定。
考研复试笔试考什么？考研笔试包括英语和专业课考试。
英语笔试：考研复试外语测试包括听力和口语，这两项在复试中占20%的成绩，其中口语在这20%中占主要部分.口语主要由老师主观打分，拉不开多大差距。
2016年北京大学英语翻译基础考研真题,复试真题
2016年翻译硕士考研信息英语翻译基础一、词语翻译（30个）reciprocal banquettalk showblack teaByzantine EmpireSanitery wareWHOCIACNNHDTVCPUCBS……艾滋病毒应用语言学国际货币基金组织爵士摇滚入境签证二、十个中文术语中译英美国联邦储备银行拜占庭帝国在餐馆干杂活的小工谋杀未遂核裁军减免学杂费经济指标三、汉译英【育明教育注：文言文翻译】俗传书生入官库，见钱不识。
或怪而问之，生曰：“固知其为钱，但怪其不在纸裹中耳。
”予偶读渊明《归去来辞》云幼稚盈室瓶无储粟乃知俗传信而有征使瓶有储粟亦甚微矣此翁平生只于瓶中见粟也耶？《马后纪》：夫人见大练以为异物；晋惠帝问饥民何不食肉糜，细思之，皆一理也，聊为好事者一笑。
永叔常言：“孟郊诗：‘鬓边虽有丝，不堪织寒衣’，纵使堪织，能得多少？”（选自苏轼《论贫士》）【育明教育注解】相传有一个书生进入官府的钱库，看见了钱竟不认识了。
有人认为奇怪便问他，书生说：“我本来知道那是钱，但奇怪于它不在纸的包裹中罢了。
”我偶然读陶渊明的《归去来辞》，上面说：“儿童满屋子，瓶里面没有储存的粮食。
”才知道传说中贫士入官库一一确实可信。
即使瓶中有储存的粮食，也是很少的了。
难道这老头平生只在瓶中见过粮食吗？《马后纪》上说：诸嫔妃见到马后穿的粗帛衣服，反以为是特别的东西。
晋惠帝问饥民为什么不吃肉粥。
细细思考，都是同一种道理啊。
说这些只是让喜欢多事的人一笑罢了。
欧阳修常说：“孟郊诗‘鬓边虽有丝，不堪织寒衣’。
即使能织，又能织多少呢？”四、英译汉不是很长，三段，夏洛蒂·勃朗特写她们三姐妹是如何产生将自己的创作整理出版的过程及对他们笔名选取的缘由的文章，有若干生词，及一两个比较难翻难组织语言的长句，整体难度不大，但文学性较强，估计对翻译的文笔优美度有较高要求。
【育明教育注释】夏洛蒂:（Charlotte Brontë）夏洛蒂像她成功塑造的人物形象简·爱一样，个子矮小，其貌不扬，充满智慧和独立的精神。
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因为不愿意暴露身分，所以我们用库瑞尔、艾利斯、阿克顿贝尔这些笔名来隐藏本名。这个因为良心不 安而做出的暧昧抉择，是假设基督徒对于名为男性的思考是正面的。我们并不喜欢宣布我们是女人，因 为——毫无疑问的，我们的著作和思想是不会被称为“女性的”——我们有了模糊的印象：女作家是应 该对偏见袖手旁观的。我们注意到评论家有时是如何因为个性而抨击，有时则是用谄媚当作鼓励，这些 并不是真正的评价。
育明教育解析：翻译硕士考研大纲 考试科目：除去全国统考的政治外，备战 MTI 的同学们还有三门专业课需要复习：150 分的百科 知识与中文写作，100 分的基础英语，以及 150 分的英汉互译。
1.百科写作大纲 考试目的 本考试是全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生的入学资格考试之专业基础课，各语种考生统一用汉 语答题。各招生院校根据考生参加本考试的成绩和其他三门考试的成绩总分来选择参加第二轮，即 复试的考生。 性质范围 本考试是测试考生百科知识和汉语写作水平的尺度参照性水平考试。考试范围包括大纲规定的 百科知识和汉语写作水平。 基本要求 ①具备一定中外文化，以及政治经济法律等方面的背景知识。 ②对作为母语的现代汉语有较强的基本功。 ③具备较强的现代汉语写作能力。 百科写作书目 卢晓江，《自然科学史十二讲》，中国轻工业出版社(2007) 叶朗，《中国文化读本》， 北京： 外语教学与研究出版社 (2008) 杨月蓉，《实用汉语语法与修辞》，重庆：西南师范大学出版社(1999)
育明教育规划复习全程
第一轮：零基础复习阶段(-2015 年 6 月) 本阶段主要是对翻译理论的流派有一个大体上的了解，形成一 个总体的印象。对各本参考书有个系统性的了解，弄清每本书的章节所在等，但不要求记住。 1) 学习目标 目标 1：了解参考书目中基本的翻译流派和翻译理论 目标 2：掌握专业技能、培养兴趣爱好，基本了解改专业的知识框架和理念，为下一阶段的复 习夯实基础;平时多关注北京周报、China Daily 等了解社会热点和动向，学会运用所学知识分析 社会问题。 2)学习任务 ①泛读书目，建构翻译的理论框架。 ②学习每本教材，需在结合自己的理解绘制知识理论框架图构，建知识体系。 ③学生遇到不理解的问题及时记录，上报教务老师，并与教务教师沟通请教。 ④扩展知识面所需时政新闻。 ⑤综合练习：检测前一阶段学习效果配有参考答案自测。 ⑥不要求记忆只要求理解。 3)注意事项 ①学习任务中所说的“一遍”不一定是指仅看一次书，某些难点多的章节可能要反复看几遍才 能彻底理解通过。 ②本阶段学习重在理解，不需强制记忆，但一定要全面。 ③每本书每章节看完后最好自己能闭上书后列一个提纲，以此回忆内容梗概，也方便以后看着 提纲进行提醒式记忆。 ④看进度，卡时间。防止看书太慢，遇到弄不懂的问题，要及时请教专业咨询师。 第二轮：一阶-基础阶段(2015 年 7 月-2015 年 9 月) 本阶段主要用进一步深入了解翻译理论，对参考书完成第一次的阅读，并开始找出重点和考点， 形成知识系统。同时每周练习一篇老师提供的翻译材料，了解翻译评分的要求。加强对时政的关注 和了解。 1)学习目标 具体指定或非指定相关参考书目(据所报考院校为准) 2)学习任务 对参考书进行深入和全面的总结，列出考点和重点，同时多练习相关翻译材料，了解翻译评分 的要求，提高翻译技能。加强对时政的关注和了解。同时阅读有关英汉对照。 3)注意事项 ①注意理解记忆参考书中的概念、原理。 ②将书中可能考到的问答、论述等内容做笔头整理。 ③将全书的重点归纳成系统性的知识点，加深印象，及对知识更加系统的理解。
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英语写作部分类似于专八，但有的学校可能更突出时效性，会出一些与时事文题。对于写作的 建议就是，多写多练多积累，最好有老师的批改，不可一味地求数量而忽视每一篇的质量。
3. 英汉互译大纲 考试目的 英语翻译基础是全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试的基础课考试科目，其目的是考察考 生的外汉互译实践能力是否达到进入 MIT 学习阶段的水平。 性质范围： 本考试是测试考生是否具备基础翻译能力的尺度参照性水平考试。考试的范围包括 MTI 考生 入学应具备的外语词汇量、语法知识以及外汉两种语言转换的基本技能。 基本要求 ① 具备一定中外文化，以及政治、经济、法律等方面的背景知识。 ② 具备扎实的英汉两种语言的基本功。 ③ 具备较强的英汉/汉英转换能力。 英汉互译书目 庄绎传， 《英汉翻译简明教程》 ， 外语教学与研究出版社 (2002) 冯庆华， 《实用翻译教程》 ，上海外语教育出版社(1997) 陈宏薇， 《新编汉英翻译教程》 ，上海外语教育出版社(2004) 王恩冕， 《大学英汉翻译教程》 ，对外经贸大学出版社(2009) 杨士焯， 《英汉翻译教程》 ，北京大学出版社(2006) 连淑能， 《英译汉教程》 ，高等教育出版社(2006) 刘季春， 《实用翻译教程(修订版) 》 ，中山大学出版社(2007) 冯庆华， 《英汉翻译基础教程》 ，高等教育出版社(2008 年) 专家解读：翻译基础，也可以称为翻译实务，由两部分组成的，即词语翻译和篇章翻译。 词语翻译这一部分因校而异。同学们在备考时，要好好研究自己目标院校的历年试题，抓住每 个学校考试的侧重点，进行针对性的复习。 在 150 分的翻译基础卷中，篇章翻译起码要占到 100 分，可能包括一到两篇的汉译英，以及 一到两篇的汉英。翻译的类型有散文、时文、经贸及外交类等，需要考生具备较高的翻译素质。
【育明教育注释】
夏洛蒂:（Charlotte Brontë）夏洛蒂像她成功塑造的人物形象简·爱一样，个子矮小，其貌不扬，充满智慧和独立 的精神。她虽外表古板沉默，却有着一颗女性和婉敏感的心。作为家中的长女，她从小就有一种关心他人的神圣责任感， 以她娇弱的身躯承担了全家对外联络发展的重任。自强不息、奋斗进取成为她一生的主旋律。她的气质是浪漫和严谨的奇 特结合，这就使她既热情奔放，耽于幻想，富于挑战精神；又保守稳重，约束自我，恪守传统的道德标准。她既是一个好 女儿，好姐姐，好妻子，好朋友，具有温柔热情的一面，同时又是一个蔑视虚伪的上流社会，对丑恶的世态进行了犀利的 讥讽的勇士。她性格的两方面构成了她波澜不宁的丰富的内心世界，也使她的作品更富于激情和新意，具有震 撼人心的艺 术魅力。夏洛蒂的不卑不亢，纯真热情， 谦逊质朴，无不从她作品中的女主人公的身上体现出来。她的作品可以说是她智 慧的头脑和赤热的心灵的自然流露。萨克雷在纪念夏洛蒂的文章《最后一幅素描》中说 ：“凡是读过她的书的人，谁不钦 佩这位妇 女对真理的炽热的爱，她的勇敢，她的纯真，她对邪恶的义愤，她热切的同情心，她虔诚的爱和信仰，她激越的 荣誉感。一种急切的诚实是这位妇女的性格特征。”这段话可以说是夏洛蒂的真实写照。
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白延庆，《公文写作》，对外经贸大学出版社(2004) 专家解读：50 分的百科知识，大家不必一味地纠结于百科知识的“广” ，而应该“有针对性 地”复习。关于中文写作，是有一定的形式和规律可循的，在专业老师的指导下，练习、修改、再 练习，努力精益求精，即可面面俱到。 2.基础英语大纲 考试目的 翻译硕士英语作为全日制翻译硕士专业学位(MTI)入学考试的外国语考试，其目的是考察考生 是否具备进行 MTI 学习所要求的外语水平。 性质范围 本考试是一种测试应试者单项和综合语言能力的尺度参照性水平考试。考试范围包括 MTI 考 生应具备的外语词汇量、语法知识以及外语阅读与写作等方面的技能。 基本要求 ① 具有良好的外语基本功，认知词汇量在 10，000 以上，掌握 6000 个以上(以英语为例)的 积极词汇，即能正确而熟练地运用常用词汇及其常用搭配。 ② 能熟练掌握正确的外语语法、结构、修辞等语言规范知识。 ③ 具有较强的阅读理解能力和外语写作能力。 基础英语书目 姜桂华，《中式英语之鉴》，外语教学与研究出版社(2000) 张汉熙，《高级英语》，外语教学与研究出版社(1995) 蒋显璟，《英美散文选读》，对外经贸大学出版社(2008) 谭载喜，《西方翻译简史》，中国对外翻译出版社公司(1997) 陈福康，《中国译学理论史稿》，上海外语教育出版社(2002) 刘宓庆，《文体与翻译》，中国对外翻译出版公司(1998) 李明，《翻译批评与赏析》，武汉大学出版社(2007) 叶子南，《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》 ， 清华大学出版社 (2001) 专家解读：基础英语分为三个部分，词汇语法 30 分，阅读 40 分，写作 30 分。词汇语法部 分出题灵活，难度约在专八的程度。 因此，同学们从备考的开始阶段起就要多背单词，在此基础 上，大量地做单词语法题和专八系列的改错题，反复记忆，总结技巧。 至于阅读部分，传统选择题的难度大致为专八水平，但也可能出现 GRE 水平的理解题，而对 于一些非传统的阅读题型，比 如 paraphrase, answer questions 等，考察的不仅是同学们的阅读 能力和理解能力，也在一定程度上反应了考生的表达能力。所以，同学们在平时做阅读理解题的过 程中， 要有意识地强化自己的语言 “输出”功力，不可辞不达意。
二、十个中文术语中译英 美国联邦储备银行 拜占庭帝国 在餐馆干杂活的小工 谋杀未遂 核裁军 减免学杂费 经济指标
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三、汉译英 【育明教育注：文言文翻译】 俗传书生入官库，见钱不识。或怪而问之，生曰：“固知其为钱，但怪其不在纸裹中耳。”予偶读渊明《归去来辞》云幼 稚盈室瓶无储粟乃知俗传信而有征使瓶有储粟亦甚微矣此翁平生只于瓶中见粟也耶？《马后纪》：夫人见大练以为异物； 晋惠帝问饥民何不食肉糜，细思之，皆一理也，聊为好事者一笑。永叔常言：“孟郊诗：‘鬓边虽有丝，不堪织寒衣’， 纵使堪织，能得多少？” （选自苏轼《论贫士》） 【育明教育注解】 相传有一个书生进入官府的钱库，看见了钱竟不认识了。有人认为奇怪便问他，书生说：“我本来知道那是钱，但奇怪于 它不在纸的包裹中罢了。”我偶然读陶渊明的《归去来辞》，上面说：“儿童满屋子，瓶里面没有储存的粮食。”才知道 传说中贫士入官库一一确实可信。即使瓶中有储存的粮食，也是很少的了。难道这老头平生只在瓶中见过粮食吗？《马后 纪》上说：诸嫔妃见到马后穿的粗帛衣服，反以为是特别的东西。晋惠帝问饥民为什么不吃肉粥。细细思考，都是同一种 道理啊。说这些只是让喜欢多事的人一笑罢了。欧阳修常说：“孟郊诗‘鬓边虽有丝，不堪织寒衣’。即使能织，又能织 多少呢？” 四、英译汉 不是很长，三段，夏洛蒂·勃朗特写她们三姐妹是如何产生将自己的创作整理出版的过程及对他们笔名选取的缘由的文章， 有若干生词，及一两个比较难翻难组织语言的长句，整体难度不大，但文学性较强，估计对翻译的文笔优美度有较高要求。