Rip van winkle分析
华盛顿·欧文是美国早期浪漫主义文学的代表,被誉为“美国文学之父”，是第一个为美国文学赢得欧洲乃至世界声誉的作家。
在作品中，欧文常常把美国的现实状况与欧洲的历史传说融合在一起,展现了一幅幅生动的画面。
《瑞普·凡·温克尔》是《见闻札记》中很有特色的一篇。
该小说以哈得逊河流域的一个小村子背景，讲述了一个神奇的故事:主人公瑞普·凡·温克尔脾气温和，天性懒惰，不事生产,“什么赚钱的活儿他都不喜欢，甚至是憎恨。
”经常遭到妻子的责备数落。
为逃避妻子的唠叨,他经常带着猎枪和狗到山中去打猎.一天，瑞普在山中遇到一群古怪的老人在玩九木桩（some odd-looking personage playing at ninepins）游戏.贪杯的瑞普·凡·温克尔偷饮了古怪老人的仙酒后酣然入睡（fell into a deep sleep）。
等他一觉醒来回到村子时，却惊奇的发现村里发生了天翻地覆的变化。
村子比以前大了；老朋友死于一场战争或者去了别的地方;妻子已经过世。
孩子们都已长大成人；睡觉前他还是乔治王的臣民，现在竟成了美利坚合众国的公民-—原来他一睡就是20年。
在我看来,瑞普·凡·温克尔是个矛盾的人物形象。
一方面他虽然担负着养家糊口的责任,却一切有好处的劳动都深恶痛绝。
因此,瑞普家的田地是最糟糕的,杂草丛生，篱笆倒塌,牲畜乱跑，家人仅靠一小块玉米和马铃薯地勉强生活.即便这样，懒惰的瑞普也不为所动，依旧无所事事、不事耕耘。
另一方面，瑞普这个对自家的农活儿
不理不睬的大懒汉，却一反常态地对帮助邻居表现出极大的积极性。
比如.无论参加村里剥玉米垒石墙的劳动。
还是给农妇们跑腿打杂，瑞普都有求必应．任劳任怨，乐而不疲。
通过明显的对比体现出了瑞普·凡·温克尔是个惧怕承担家庭责任的胆小鬼，永远长不大的小孩子。
其次，该作品采取对不同人物的描写以及采取不同视角的对人物的刻画，为读者描绘出一幅美国革命前的乡村美景.最后,该作品对女性的描写存在一定的鄙视，对瑞普妻子的描写时,所用的词语“火辣”,“泼辣”等贬义词，而对文中男性的描写采用的多为褒义词或中性词．如“可怜的"“高明的”等等。
这些描写的鲜明对比，暗示了作者对女性不平等的态度。
Washington irving is a representative of the early American romantic literature，is known as the ”Father of American Literature",He was the first to win the European American literature and even world reputation as a writer。
In his works, Irving was often take the reality of the United States associated with the European historical legends , So formed a vivid picture.Rip van Winkle is ”Geoffrey crayon” in an article has distinguishing feature very much.
The novel to a small village of the Hudson River valley background, tells a magical story: the protagonist Rip Van Winkel was a simple,good—natured man. He was，moreover,nature is lazy and doesn’t like producing。
”what make money work he doesn't like it, or even hatred.” So he often blame scolded by his wife。
To escape his wife's nagging, he often to the mountains to go hunting with a shotgun and dog。
One day, Pip’s encountered some odd-looking personages playing at ninepins。
Drink Rip’s steal the fairy of the strange old man the drink and falls asleep。
When he woke up to come back to the village， but was amazed to see that changed in the village. The village is large than before，Old friend died in a war or go somewhere else,His wife has died,The children have grown up。
He is king George subjects before sleep，now become citizens of the United States of America —A originally he sleep for 20 years.
In my opinion，Rip’s is a contradictory character. On the one hand， Although he is laden with responsibility for the breadwinner, but hatred work。
So Rip’s fields is one of the worst,family only on a small piece of corn and potato to life. Even so, Rip’s still lazy and nothing to do.On the other hand,Rip’s hatred work,but he verykeen to help neighbors。
Though distinct to this reflects that he is a kind,but afraid of family responsibility。
The Second， the works adopts the description of different characters and different angle of view of the character portrait， painted a beautiful picture before the American revolution of the countryside。
Finally, the works has certain contempt on portraying the lives of women， for his wife's winkle description, the word ”hot", "provocative", a d erogatory term for the male uses mostly positive or neutral. Such
as ”poor” "smart" and so on。
The description of striking contrast，suggested that the author's attitude toward women are not equal.。
美国文学-瑞普_凡_温克尔夫人形象解析
Dame Van Winkle is described as a captious, man-eating woman who always scolds her husband in this story. But for me, Mrs. Winkle is a brave laborious woman As a villain, she makes Rip Van Winkle’s image of a “simple, good-natured man” more clear, and she is the carrier of the prejudice of women in that society. So in my opinion this story does carry sexual prejudice.Dame van winkle is a typical hellcat according to the description in the story. She always taxes with her husband volubly and acting very shrewish. Form the description of Rip as “a kind neighbor, and a husband who obeyed his wife” in the beginning if the story, we can see that in rip’s family, the person who role the roast is Dame Van Winkle and she controls her husband with her power. With this description, our first expression of Mrs. Winkle is that she is a domineering woman. When we read the sentence:”her tongue was endlessly going. Everything he said or did was sure to produce more angry talk.”we can get the image that Dame Van winkle is sharp-tongued and fractious. As the development of the plot, the author portrayed a picture that Mrs. Winkle break into the club to blame all the people about their worthlessness and idleness.After reading all these evidence above, it is easy for us to build up the expression that dame van winkle is a really virago in the small village. But if we read deeply into the story we can find that this kind of image is carrying a lot of prejudice. Mrs. Winkle is a special woman and she is brave and hardworking. The story tells us that rip is a kind and easy-going man, when his wife blames him, he never talk back. At the same time, the author also write that “Rip Van Winkle had one great fault; he disliked---indeed, he hated---any kind of profitable labour.” The condition of his farm is worse than any of his neighbors’but rip is still wondering in the woods or lazing away with the people in the club insteadof doing farm work. It means that as a man who should work and earn money to support his family, rip is a total failure. Then we will ask who is working to take care of the family? Of cause the answer is dame van winkle. Since the husband never takes his responsibility, the wife has to go out working like a man, do the entire house work and bring up the children. In the story when rip got back to his village, there is a sentence: “He entered the ruins of the house, which, to tell the truth, Dame Van Winkle had always kept in good order.” This means that Mrs. Winkle is a good housewife.Dame Van winkle is fractious and captious, but she has to be such a virago because her husband is a dawdler who never takes his responsibility. In the years that are described in the story, all the judgments about women are made by the men. A man who is always wondering and chatting with others can be forgiven and accepted by the public, but a woman who is brave to point out the worthlessness and idleness of men will be called a virago and the public will turn its back on her. From the story we can see that the people in Rip’s vi llage are described as:” Whenever they discussed the Van Winkle family's quarrels, they always decided that Dame Van Winkle was wrong.” And there are a lot of fainéant in the village, especially in the inn and these people’s wives must have compliant, but these women just choose to keep silent and comply. Only Dame Van Winkle has the courage to speak out. She not only blames her own husband but also censures the people who always connive these pokes. To my way of thinking, dame van winkle is a brave woman who is not afraid of speaking out her compliant in the patriarchal society.As a villain, Mrs. Winkle’s negative image helps the author to make Rip as the victim of a terrible wife. At the beginning of the story the author described Rip as a nice, easy-going man and everyone in the village likes him except of his wife. He is scolded often by often but never dareto fight back. The worse Mrs. Winkle is described, the pitiful Rip is considered. By this way, the story successfully convinced the readers to believe that a good woman should be quiet and submissive; they should never challenge the domination of men. Mrs. Winkle is a good carrier of the negative opinion of a powerful and brave woman that was hold by men.This story dose carries the sexual prejudice of women. First, the name of Mrs. Winkle is ironical. The word “dame” is a title for noble women but Mrs. Winkle is just a countrywoman who has no connection with a noble woman. The author here is using this word to show his sarcasm of women. Second, the reason for us to take Mrs. Winkle as a virago is that the adjectives and sentences that used by the author to describe Dame Van Winkle are all negative. Such as “what dog is ever brave enough to stand firm against the terrors of a woman's tongue?”and “Morn ing, noon, and night, her tongue was endlessly going.”Thirdly, the author never tries to describe details about Mrs. Winkle or any other women in this story. We only know her name and her typical image is a virago. This shows the author’s attitude towards women: ignore and depreciate. The same attitude can be seen from the depiction of Mrs. Winkle’s death:” She broke a blood vessel in anger at a man who came selling things at our door." This cause of death for Dame Van Winkle is like a joke, while at the end Rip gets a family and becomes the respectful old man in the village, his story is told once by once. With these evidences above we can see that the story carries sexual prejudice.As a conclusion, Dame Van Winkle is a brave, hardworking and respectful woman; she is described as a virago because the author wanted to show the readers the rule for women in the patriarchal society. So the story obviously has sexual prejudice.。
RIP VAN WINKLE
《瑞普· 温克尔》 凡·
主题：1.避世似乎是这篇小说的一个主题。
然而瑞普进山是为了逃避妻子的责骂和唠叨，并 不是为了躲避世间的纷乱。 "他摇摇头，耸耸肩，两眼看天”这就是他妻子责 骂他时的神态。 其实，瑞普能吃苦，有毅力，有善心。但他所不 愿意的是以直接的物质利益为唯一目的的劳动， 而这正是瑞普太太所要求的。在这样的夫妻矛盾 中，在受直接物质利益驱动的劳动和处于勤劳天 性，适合自己又有利于他人的劳动冲突中，我们 可以看出作者对后者的赞扬。
《RIP VAN WINKLE》
《瑞普· · 凡 温克尔》
《瑞普· 温克尔》 凡·
简介：心地善良，乐于助人了一个身着荷兰古 装，形似侏儒的陌生人，由于瑞普善良的本性，于是 帮他提着小桶，随他参加一个聚会。在聚会上，瑞普 和其他人一样不声不响的玩九柱戏的游戏，并喝了他 们提供的一种酒，于是便昏昏睡去，一睡就是20年。 在这20年中美国爆发了革命。瑞普一觉醒来已经是一 个白发苍苍的老人，回到村里，村子发生了巨大的变 化。在村口他遇见了出门迎接的他的老狗，他又得知 妻子已经去世多年，他自己也几乎被人遗忘。女儿已 经嫁为人妇，生儿育女。于是他和女儿住在一起。瑞 普经过一段时间的“磨合”之后，在新环境中继续生 存着，也更惬意，因为他不用再听妻子的嘲讽责骂。
《瑞普· 温克尔》 凡·
2.变革似乎又是一个主题。
然而作者并没有直接描写美国革命，他写的是社 会变革给人们生活带来的影响，以及人们对社会 变革的反应。 当瑞普从山中返回时，不仅周围环静境变了，人 与物关系也变了：原来熟悉的乡亲，不是死了就 是走了，虽然周围依然是熙熙攘攘的人群，却没 人能说得上话，连自己的女儿也要花很大的力气 才能回忆起自己的父亲，人际关系变成了党派与 阵营关系。最后瑞普不得不怀疑起自己的身份来。 由此可见作者对这种变化的讥讽。
rip van winkle中自然描写的作用
The Functions of Nature王雯In Rip Van Winkle, there are many descriptions about nature. And,it’s obvious that the writer paid much attention to them. In my personal view, nature has three functions in this novel.Firstly, descriptions of nature is necessary for setting the scene. Rip Van Winkle is an imaginative novel,writer uses dreamlike environment description and the people’s fancy experience to create atmosphere. Most of natural environment described in this novel is so beautiful that give people the sense of unreality.Secondly, descriptions of nature express the writer’s preference of nature. The writer himself loves nature in his real life. That makes him use flowery language and fertile imagination to present the expected nature in his heart. And one of the literary characteristics of Romanticism is they have a presumption that the natural world was a source of goodness and man’s society a source of corruption. They want to go back to nature and enjoy the leisure time. Puritan life style are no longer that popular among Americans,they begin to pursue what they really want. Nature is just a sample of what they are seeking.Thirdly, descriptions of nature convey the main idea of the novel--the desire for an escape from society. In this novel,Rip Van Winkle want to escape from his wife who rattles all the time and escape from his familywhich is annoying in his mind. Actually,Rip Van Winkle represents the backward generation who are unwilling to accept the reality that America has won its revolution. They are used to old life style and politics. Escape is always a good way to solve unexpected problem. In this novel, escape to nature euphemistically reflect the social condition.So, nature is an important part in this novel.。
The Analysis of Rip Van Winkle
The Analysis of Rip Van Winkle1. Introduction1.1 Introduction to the authorWashington Irving (April 3, 1783 –November 28, 1859) was an American author, essayist, biographer and historian of the early 19th century. He is best known for his short stories "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" and "Rip Van Winkle", both of which appear in his book The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. He was a lawyer who pursued a writing career after he discovered that practicing law did not interest him. At a time when most Americans read British authors almost exclusively, Irving proved that American writers could compete with their British counterparts. He was among the first American writers who gained an international reputation by writing short stories. Irving, along with James Fenimore Cooper, was among the first American writers to earn acclaim in Europe. As America's first genuine internationally best-selling author, Irving advocated for writing as a legitimate profession, and argued for stronger laws to protect American writers from copyright infringement.Irving is largely credited as the first American Man of Letters and the first to earn his living solely by his pen. Irving perfected the American short story, and was the first American writer to place his stories firmly in the United States, even as he poached from German or Dutch folklore. As he says “writing stories is simply to entertain rather than to enlighten”. Irving also encouraged would-be writers. As George William Curtis noted, there "is not a young literary aspirant in the country, who, if he ever personally met Irving, did not hear from him the kindest words of sympathy, regard, and encouragement."1.2 Introduction to the storyRip Van Winkle is a short story based on a German folk tale, and adapted by the American writer Washington Irving published in 1819, as well as the name of the story's fictional protagonist. Written while Irving was living in Birmingham, England, it was part of a collection entitled The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon. Although the story is set in New York's CatskillMountains, Irving later admitted, "When I wrote the story, I had never been on the Catskills." The story of Rip Van Winkle is set in the years before and after the American Revolutionary War.2. PlotIn a pleasant village, at the foot of New York's Catskill Mountains, lives the kindly Rip Van Winkle, a colonial British-American villager of Dutch descent. Rip is an amiable man who enjoys solitary activities in the wilderness, but is also loved by all in town—especially the children to whom he tells stories and gives toys. However, a tendency to avoid all gainful labor, for which his nagging wife (Dame Van Winkle) chastises him, allows his home and farm to fall into disarray due to his lazy neglect.One autumn day, Rip is escaping his wife's nagging, wandering up the mountains with his dog, Wolf. Hearing his name being shouted, Rip discovers that the speaker is a man dressed in antiquated Dutch clothing, carrying a keg up the mountain, who requires Rip's help. Without exchanging words, the two hike up to an amphitheatre-like hollow in which Rip discovers the source of previously-heard thunderous noises: there is a group of other ornately-dressed, silent, bearded men who are playing nine-pins. Although there is no conversation and Rip does not ask the men who they are or how they know his name, he discreetly begins to drink some of their liquor, and soon falls asleep.He awakes in unusual circumstances: It seems to be morning, his gun is rotted and rusty, and his beard has grown a foot long and Wolf is nowhere to be found. Rip returns to his village where he finds that he recognizes no one. Asking around, he discovers that the village has changed a lot . He immediately gets into trouble when he proclaims himself a loyal subject of King George III, not knowing that the American Revolution has taken place; George III's portrait on the town inn has been replaced by that of George Washington. Rip is also disturbed to find another man is being called Rip Van Winkle (this is in fact his son, who has now grown up).An old local people recognize Rip and Rip is told that he has apparently been away from the village for twenty years. His wife has died and that his close friends have died in war or gone somewhere else. Rip's daughter is now a married woman and his son has grown up and become afarmer. His daughter takes him home but Rip resumes his habitual idleness, and his tale is solemnly taken to heart by the Dutch settlers, with other hen-pecked husbands, after hearing his story, wishing they could share in Rip's good luck, and have the luxury of sleeping through the hardships of war.3. Comment on the storyThis is a story full of romance and it is one of Washington Irving’s master works. In the novel he successfully portrays two main characters: Rip Van Winkle and his wife Dame Van Winkle. Rip Van Winkle as our hero, is a simple, good-natured man. He has little desire for life and he maintains a very good relationship with all his neighbors by helping them with their housework and playing with the kids in his village. He is absolutely a popular guy among the neighborhoods except in his own house. He never works on his own farm and never takes care of his own children, which makes his wife very angry. She blames him for his idleness, but he never takes it seriously, and he never fights back. On the contrary, Dame Van Winkle is aggressive and discipline. She thinks working is what one should do, and she takes all the responsibilities in her family. She works hard because she wants to achieve success from her working, but her husband just wants things to be natural, he does not want to change anything.From the diversity of the thinking of these two, the author shows us the differences and conflicts between two groups: the immature, self-centered, anti-intellectual American people and the puritanical discipline, hardworking American people. Their attitudes are different toward the changing society, so they choose the different life styles.In the story Rip Van Winkle is a man who has difficulties in facing his advancing age. As an adult and a married man, he should have taken good care of his family members, but he did not. Although he is mature in age but he is really immature in intelligence. He hangs out every day without doing anything good to his family. When his wife blames him for bring damage to the family he either listens or goes out to seek for the peace he wants. He is afraid to take the responsibilities belong to him and just leave them all to his wife. When he can not stand the nagging from his wife he walks away and sleeps for twenty years. By the time he wakes up, hischildren have grown up and he does not need to take responsibilities anymore. For all his life he is a man who tries to escape from his responsibilities, which shows his immature in handling the advancing responsibilities added by his advancing age.This novel somehow shows the author’s conse rvative attitude towards society and revolution. The hero in this novel does not accept any change in life, he wants everything to be natural, including his own field, and when he feels tired about the life in society, he goes to the mountain to be alone. In the story, the author makes the hero to sleep a few years before the war and wake up a few years after the war. He purposely skips that period of time. And when Rip returns to the village, he can’t understand the changes happened around him, and he thinks everything becomes so strange. All of these show the author’s menta l boycott and aversion to the revolution.The language of this novel is a good explanation for Washington Irving’s elegant writing style, it is full of humor and witty, and it can be said as the perfect model in American literature. The employing of the great number of local dialects and slangs makes the story more reliable and more acceptable for people. We can see lots of vivid descriptions in the story. So every time when we read, we can see the events, sceneries, actions and words lively in front of us.In conclusion, Rip Van Winkle is a classic novel, and we can definitely learn a lot from it. It is worth reading not only because the great story but also because the witty language, vivid description and Washing ton Irving’s gentle writing style.References:Rip Van Winkle and Other Stories Washington Irving 1996-12-01《瑞普·凡·温克尔》赏析《阅读与鉴赏(中旬)》2011年第05期王宏宇;程宁宁英美经典短篇小说赏析李金云 2008年08月美国短篇小说赏析范革新 2006年03月。
华盛顿欧文Rip-van-Winkle-PPT课件
helpful
good—natured
20219Βιβλιοθήκη Dame van Winkle
• His wife kept continually dinning in his ears about his idleness,his carelessness,and the ruin he was bringing on his family.Morning .noon,and night,her tongue was incessantly going,and everything he said or did was sure to produce a torrent of household eloquence.
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Analysis of characters
• Rip van Winkle
• Rip's wife
idle lazy
good—natured kind helpful
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bad temper termagent
hard —working brave strong
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Rip van Winkle
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Rip van Winkle
Washington Irving
13——1BS 汪亚男
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content
Introuduction to Washington Irving
Summary of Rap van Winkle
Analysis of characters
bad temper
termagent
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Attitude to marriage
美国文学-瑞普_凡_温克尔夫人形象解析
Analyze the character of Dame Van Winkle and discuss her function as a villain. Dose the story carry sexual prejudice?Dame Van Winkle is described as a captious, man-eating woman who always scolds her husband in this story. But for me, Mrs. Winkle is a brave laborious woman As a villain, she makes Rip Van Winkle’s image of a “simple, good-natured man” more clear, and she is the carrier of the prejudice of women in that society. So in my opinion this story does carry sexual prejudice.Dame van winkle is a typical hellcat according to the description in the story. She always taxes with her husband volubly and acting very shrewish. Form the description of Rip as “a kind neighbor, and a husband who obeyed his wife” in the beginning if the story, we can see that in rip’s family, the person who role the roast is Dame Van Winkle and she controls her husband with her power. With this description, our first expression of Mrs. Winkle is that she is a domineering woman. When we read the sentence:”her tongue was endlessly going. Everything he said or did was sure to produce more angry talk.”we can get the image that Dame Van winkle is sharp-tongued and fractious. As the development of the plot, the author portrayed a picture that Mrs. Winkle break into the club to blame all the people about their worthlessness and idleness.After reading all these evidence above, it is easy for us to build up the expression that dame van winkle is a really virago in the small village. But if we read deeply into the story we can find that this kind of image is carrying a lot of prejudice. Mrs. Winkle is a special woman and she is brave and hardworking. The story tells us that rip is a kind and easy-going man, when his wife blames him, he never talk back. At the same time, the author also write that “Rip Van Winkle had one great fault; he disliked---indeed, he hated---any kind of profitable labour.” The condition of his farm is worse than any of his neighbors’ but rip is still wondering in the woods or lazing away with the people in the club instead of doing farm work. It means that as a man who should work and earn money to support his family, rip is a total failure. Then we will ask who is working to take care of the family? Of cause the answer is dame vanwinkle. Since the husband never takes his responsibility, the wife has to go out working like a man, do the entire house work and bring up the children. In the story when rip got back to his village, there is a sentence: “He entered the ruins of the house, which, to tell the truth, Da me Van Winkle had always kept in good order.” This means that Mrs. Winkle is a good housewife.Dame Van winkle is fractious and captious, but she has to be such a virago because her husband is a dawdler who never takes his responsibility. In the years that are described in the story, all the judgments about women are made by the men. A man who is always wondering and chatting with others can be forgiven and accepted by the public, but a woman who is brave to point out the worthlessness and idleness of men will be called a virago and the public will turn its back on her. From the story we can see that the people in Rip’s village are described as:” Whenever they discussed the Van Winkle family's quarrels, they always decided that Dame Van Winkle was wrong.” And there are a lot of fainéant in the village, especially in the inn and these people’s wives must have compliant, but these women just choose to keep silent and comply. Only Dame Van Winkle has the courage to speak out. She not only blames her own husband but also censures the people who always connive these pokes. To my way of thinking, dame van winkle is a brave woman who is not afraid of speaking out her compliant in the patriarchal society.As a villain, Mrs. Winkle’s negative image helps the author to make Rip as the victim of a terrible wife. At the beginning of the story the author described Rip as a nice, easy-going man and everyone in the village likes him except of his wife. He is scolded often by often but never dare to fight back. The worse Mrs. Winkle is described, the pitiful Rip is considered. By this way, the story successfully convinced the readers to believe that a good woman should be quiet and submissive; they should never challenge the domination of men. Mrs. Winkle is a good carrier of the negative opinion of a powerful and brave woman that was hold by men.This story dose carries the sexual prejudice of women. First, the name of Mrs. Winkle is ironical. The word “dame” is a title for noble women but Mrs. Winkle is just a countrywoman who has no connection with a noble woman. The author here isusing this word to show his sarcasm of women. Second, the reason for us to take Mrs. Winkle as a virago is that the adjectives and sentences that used by the author to describe Dame Van Winkle are all negative. Such as “what dog is ever brave enough to stand firm against the terrors of a woman's tongue?” and “Morning, noon, and night, her tongue was endlessly going.”Thirdly, the author never tries to describe details about Mrs. Winkle or any other women in this story. We only know her name and her typical image is a virago. This shows the author’s attitude towards women: ignore and depreciate. The same attitude can be seen from the depiction of Mrs. Winkle’s death:” She broke a blood vessel in anger at a man who came selling things at our door." This cause of death for Dame Van Winkle is like a joke, while at the end Rip gets a family and becomes the respectful old man in the village, his story is told once by once. With these evidences above we can see that the story carries sexual prejudice.As a conclusion, Dame Van Winkle is a brave, hardworking and respectful woman; she is described as a virago because the author wanted to show the readers the rule for women in the patriarchal society. So the story obviously has sexual prejudice.。
Report of Rip Van Winkle《瑞普-凡-温克尔》读书报告
RIP VAN WINKLE is a famous tale written by Washington Irving, telling about a story in which an old man named Rip Van Winkle, who lived in a little Dutch town in the Hudson Valley. Everyone in the town was fond of him because he would help anyone. The thing he would like to do was go out and fish or go to the town inn and listen to the gossip. However, his wife Dame Van Winkle would get angry at him for being lazy and not caring about the farm and family. One day he decided to get away from his wife’s swear then he took his gun and dog and go into the woods to hunt squirrels. As he returned, he saw a weird man appeared carrying a keg of liquor on his back. Thus, he helped the old man to carry the liquor to an amphitheatre where he saw several weird dressed people playing nine pins. The old man poured liquor for the people to drink and Rip started to drink until he passed out on the ground. The next morning he woke up and returned to the village where he came from, and found everything changed. People talked about revolution and election, and he has no idea of what that mean.As far as I know, the author made an incredible impact from this short story "Rip Van Winkle", and he drawing the events surrounding him to form a simple story with deep meaning.And this tale gives us a definition about what the country became after the revolutionary war and how the British perceive the Americans. There have been many comments on this tale saying that it shows theauthor's attitude against the American revolution and his approving of the past. However, when reading it the second time, I found it that Erving only showed his confusion: freeing out of the oppressed life, people were at a loss about what they should do.First, Rip was not happy long before revolution, and he hated to do labor work on his own business, and he was constantly under the criticism of his wife. Surely Dame was superior to Rip in his family, so the life of Rip could not at all be happy.Secondly, Rip showed no opposition against the new America. After he had settled down in the village, he even made friends with the young generation, enjoying the idle life he had long been dreamed of.In my opinion, there is strong resemblance between Rip Van Winkle and the American people, Dame Van Winkle and the English government. Before revolution, Rip was a meek man who "would rather die on a penny than work for a pound", who had good relationships with the villagers. He lived a peaceful life except for the existence of Dame Van Winkle, his termagant wife who would taught him lessons in every possible way. The American people were also trying to live a peaceful life but the rule of the British government made it impossible. The Americans suffered the oppression for a long time.The war was over and Rip returned to his village only to find the great change in the small village, which is the sample of the change in Americato some extent. No one in the village recognized him. People talked about hot issues he has no interested in. Dame Van Winkle was gone and he was free now. However, he had no idea what he should do. The past had passed for ever, despotism was gone. No one was going to tell Rip what he should do. No one was going to force him to do anything. The American people are free to choose now, but they have no idea of what to choose. They were leading into a new kind of life and groping in the dark for the way ahead.。
瑞普凡温克解析
5.Conclusion……………………………………………………………………........4
References…………………………………………………….…..………...…….......5
Contents
Abstract…………………………………………………………….……………..…i
摘要……………………………………………………………………….……....ii
1.Introduction……………………………………………………………………....1
2. The Background of Writing the Work...................................................................1
3.Analysisofthe Work………………………….……………………..……….......1
3.1The features of language in the story…………………………………….....1
3.1.1 Writing style of the author....................................................................2
2. The Background of Writing the Work
When I read Washington Irving's famous workRip VanWinkle,astrange idea struck to my mind. What's the purpose of the author to write such a work ?I think that over and over again ,then finally I get it. If you pay attention to the time of when the author was born, it is not difficult to find the answer. He was born in the right time in history and the right place in the world. The year of his birth was the year whenEnglandofficially recognized the new nation, and the victory of the War of American Independence brought American people a new freedom. And yet, this hard-won freedom became a new anxiety gradually, for it was hard the first generation of American to find their own identity as Americans immediately after the war. They were lost, uncertain of what to do with the freedom. So was Washington Irving. The absence of the cultural and literary identity and tradition was felt in the new country, creating a vacuum that Irving and his generation had to fill. But how in the country where few people could read and write and more people fought for land and political rights? And Washington Irving himself was not prepared or ready, as a historical mission ,to find the national literary identity, even though he felt the tension between the New World andOld World.
瑞普·凡·温克尔Rip_Van_Winkle中英文对照与summary-范本模板
作者简介：华盛顿·欧文（Washington Irving）（1789—1895），美国浪漫主义作家，也是一个纯文学作家，他的写作态度是”writing for pleasure and to produce pleasure"。
欧文的代表作有《见闻札记》（Sketch Book），这是第一部伟大的青少年读物,也是美国本土作家第一部成功的小说。
由于欧文对美国文学的伟大贡献，他获得了“美国文学之父”的光荣称号。
这篇短篇小说，《瑞普·凡·温克尔》便是摘自《见闻札记》.Rip Van WinkleA Posthumous Writing of Diedrich KnickerbockerBy Washington Irving(T HE FOLLOWING tale was found among the papers of the late Diedrich Knickerbocker, an old gentleman of New York，who was very curious in the Dutch history of the province，and the manners of the descendants from its primitive settlers。
His historical researches，however, did not lie so much among books as among men; for the former are lamentably scanty on his favorite topics；whereas he found the old burghers, and still more their wives, rich in that legendary lore so invaluable to true history。
【英语专业】英美文学论文--瑞普·凡·温克尔的性格分析(英文)
2010年美国文学课程论文题目Idleness in Characters of Rip Van Winkle 专业班级 2007级英语1班学号0710010123学生姓名X-X指导教师陈智平指导教师职称教授学院名称外语学院完成日期： 2010 年 6 月 1日Idleness in Characters of Rip Van WinkleAbstractWashington Irving held the proposition in writing not to attempt to lofty theme or to seek to look wise and learned and preferred addressing himself to the feelings and fancy of the reader more than his judgment. This paper is aimed at analyzing contextually his mas terpiece, “Rip Van Winkle” according to these ideas to which he adhered in composition. It utilizes the thought that avoids moralizing from the point of focusing on Rip Van Winkle himself, in particular his characters. As an important part of Rip’s disposi tion, idleness complements and enriches the figure of Rip. This paper concentrates on an analysis of Rip’s characters at first then of his idleness and attempts to seek what causes the idleness and what the idleness reflects.Key words: Rip Van Winkle; character; idleness; cause; implication1.Introduction“Rip Van Winkle”，one immortal article in “The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent” of Washing Irving, tells us an unbelievable and magical adventure of a henpecked villager. Rip Van Winkle, the protagonist, goes hunting in quest for peace escaping from his wife in the Kaatskill Mountains, meets a host of singular men playing ninepins, drinks their beverage and has a deep sleep for twenty years. When he returns home, not knowing the American Revolutionary War has taken place, he finds almost everything has changed. It takes him some time to adjust himself to the changes and live a normal life.“Rip Van Winkle” is of eternal fascination, which often attributes to expressing changes with continuity and preservation of tradition and presenting the magic of imagination in the short story (/wiki/Rip_van_Winkle). But success of an excellent fiction can also be found on the figures it creates. So this paper skips huge topics like history, time, life and death but to have an analysis of the Nobody, Rip Van Winkle, in the village.2. Rip’s charactersThe vivid description in the article gives a general outline of Rip’s entire personalities. As has been modeled, Rip is “a simple good-natured man”, “a kind neighbor”, “an obedient henpecked husband”, and “a pliant and malleable farmer” and has “a happy mortal of foolish, well-oiled disposition” (Irving, 811-812).Since people’s characters are connected with their surroundings, it is necessary to first have a look at the village in which Rip lives before analyzing his personalities. The voyagers up the Hudson may have described, at a distance, the light smoke and curling from the village, which indicates the village is away from the metropolis. In this beautifully rural village with sequestered spots, people mostly conducting agricultural production are easy to be content with what they have got and will get. For Rip Van Winkle, little necessity or stress is laid on him to desire extra material achievement. However, enjoying a loose life with friends and neighbors is essential and dispensable in his life. Actually, Rip exercises this tip of theory thoroughly and “would rather starve on a penny than work for a pound” (Irving, 812). Thanks to the surroundings, without much pressure of survival, Rip hold no responsibil ity to admire the more or the better but “whichever can be got with least thought or trouble” (Irving, 812).As a result, he is naturally of simplicity and good nature as a happy mortal. This belief of Rip may be probably viewed as not ambitious or enterprising because it resists change and advance. But in such a solitary village, it is really hard to expect Rip to possess super-real dreams. What’s important to him is that, apart from rural occupation, he could do what he likes. And considering the life style of early Dutch colonists who settled in America, agriculture and handcraft mainly included, there is a rough speculation about the life of the villagers. Men are engaged in regular work on the farm to produce cabbages, corn and potatoes to support the family and further to earn money for daily expenditure. Women take care of children “trooping like a colt at mother’s heel” (Irving, 812), assist men with farm work, deal with trivial jobs at home and give curtain lectures to their husbands. From these typical rural activities it is obvious that people are living in quietness. This kind of serene setting, similar to the village in “The Pride of the Village” by Washington Irving, too, contributes to the formation and stability of Rip’s characters.Besides, the village is indeed not huge in size, just “a little village, of great antiquity” (Irving, 812), compared with the different, “larger and more populous” (Irving, 816) one Rip sees when he comes back after a deep sleep. In rural region, sometimes the smaller, the better. Contrasting with big towns, cities which are flush with thousands of people, a small village lacks noises and has a much slower life pace with peace. People could meet each other frequently on the country load and farmland day and night. Constant contracts could bring warm greetings, instant assistance, shared enjoyment and harmonious relationship. Among people widely blessed with kindness, there is little strange for Rip to be a kind neighbor.With regard to Rip’s obedient henpecked chara cteristics and pliant, malleable conscience, to comprehend it only requests a respect to the authority of Dame Van Winkle, the neck determining the turns of head at home. And the shrew will help to check the distinguishing features of Rip. Her tongue also can make other personages in the village scare, let alone Rip. In company with such a powerful madam, Rip can hardly be self-determined or strong-minded.3. Rip’s idlenessAmong the errors in disposition of Rip, “idle” is the one incessantly mentioned an d criticized byhis wife. She “kept continually dining in his ears about his idleness” (Irving, 813), which puts up with a question about Rip, born, growing, and living in the serenity of rural life. How could a kind-hearted and versatile farmer, who is at the disposal of people in need of his assistance, be idle? In another word, where does idleness in his disposition come from? Though the judgment of Dame Van Winkle does not point out where the idleness originates and derive from, it is still possible to read between lines to find some hints in the article to finish this remaining task.First, the existence of Rip’s idleness is due to a set of contradiction, Rip’s merits and the environment, or the setting. At the respect of Rip himself, he is not in “wan t of assiduity or perseverance” (Irving, 812), which is exemplified by what he does with pleasure. One thing is that he could spend a whole day fishing with a long and heavy rod eventually with no fish nibble at all, and the other is that it takes him hours to trudge in the mountain just hunting for a few squirrels or wild pigeons. Although there is tiredness on rock paths, dangers from beasts and probability of getting nothing, Rip seldom cares them and does what he intends to do with enthusiasm. And in th e children’s view, Rip is absolutely talented, for he “assisted at their sports, made their playthings, taught them to fly kites and shoot marbles, and told them long stories of ghosts, witches, and Indians” (Irving, 812). The children assure that a man pr oficient in so many skills could and should be their favorite. They prove Rip’s worthy talents from a childish but delicate angle. And, in a larger sense, from children to adults, Rip is obliging. Indication of his wonder that “he had thought himself acquainted with every one in the country” (Irving, 817) suggests that he knows villagers well and have a good relationship with them. Owing to the familiarity and his kindness, women used to employ him to run errands and do odd jobs. And Rip is often ready to a ttend their business. Rip’s behavior, his internal quality and people’ attitudes towards him can be regarded as evidence that Rip is in harmony with his inner world and with people surrounding. They, at the same time, throw light upon Rip’s merits.After acquiring a general knowledge of what kind of person Rip is, the focus turns to the environment. Here Kaatskill Mountains and Rip’s farm in the environment can be taken as examples to make the contradiction clear. As has been mentioned, the village is at the foot of Kaatskill Mountains. Like old castle and dark basement in Gothic fictions, mountain which is relatively stationary to witness and has a nearly infinitely capacity to absorb constitutes an irreplaceable setting for occurrence of mysteries. Kaatskill Mountains, said to be often haunted by spirits, are home of many creatures and measure for villagers, furnishing plants, animals and other villagers but forget to fertilize Rip’s farm. Instead, they make his fence fall into pieces and disorient his cow and nurture weeds rather than farm produce. At last, Rip’s farm is “the most pestilent little ground in the whole country” and “every thing about it went wrong, and would go wrong” (Irving, 812). Moreover, the mountains with magical hues and shapes are pr aised by wives as perfect barometers, however, it fails to guide Rip to arrange properly to do farm wok outside because “the rain always made a point of setting in just have he had some out-door to do” (Irving, 812). The farm should have been the ground where Rip exercises all his talents to produce probably the most corn and potatoes and devote himself to creating a better family life. Unfortunately, the odds are so slim. And Rip’s talents have nowhere to go, leaving his house time-worn, his children ragged and wild, and his wife complaining.Now, the contradiction is clear that the environment is brutally against Rip’s merits, which are more likely to be seen when Rip plays the role as a hard-working farmer. Without the stage to work industriously, Rip seems to a bird without wings, a fish off water, a tree with rotted root and a stream with source blocked. In spite of little survival pressure, Rip is under the despotism of environment under which he has long groaned. With little hope of harvest on the ground, Rip is converted to have “an insuperable aversion to all kinds of profitable labor” (Irving, 812). If the story is a painting in accordance with Irving’s preference to envelope stories in an atmosphere, Kaatskill Mountains are the picture frame, the village is the setting in the frame, the farm is special point of the setting and Rip, miserable and having no alternative and even a little desperate, is the center. That Rip is restricted strictly can be spotted from the painting. His merits are oppressed and constrained into so-called idleness.Following the collision between Rip’s characters and the environment, conflict between Rip and his wife Dame Van Winkle is another paradox to which the idleness owes. In general sense, the environment is the funda mental cause for Rip’s characters and people close to him have a final say to affect his thoughts, behavior, and then his personalities. And Dame Van Winkle is the very factor with dominant strength to pull Rip under her principle. She discovers Rip’s idle ness and gives her tongue not a bit rest from morning to noon till night, complaining he brought ruin to the family and totally lost the glory of ancestors during the age of Peter Stuyvesant. It is in her eye that whatever Rip said or did should deserve countless household eloquence from her. The individual judgment reflects the close relationship between Rip and idleness, for Dame V an Winkle is his life companion. But Rip, appearing to have been accustomed to the blame, grows into a habit that he “shrugged his shoulder, shook his head, cast up his eyes but said nothing” (Irving, 813) as a response. Since one is eager to criticize while the other is indifferent, how cannot the conflict break?When Rip’s meekness cannot stand the volley of words he goes to t he outside. But the conflict, though having driven Rip away from home, does not come to an end. Leaving home, Rip consoles himself by frequently the village club before the inn “designated by a rubicund portrait of His Majesty George the Third” (Irving, 813). But he was still unlucky to be traced by his termagant wife. From home to inn, all the way covers shadow of idleness Dame Van Winkle frowns at. At home, needless to repeat, she discontents Rip’s performance and defines it as idleness that brings the family in gloom. Furthermore, the dog Wolfe is unable to get rid of the blame that his hostess regards him as his master’s companion in idleness. Before the inn, Dame Van Winkle would suddenly break in the session sometimes and “call the members all to naught” (Irving, 814). What’s more, taking into account the portrait of the George the Third who is a symbol with nobility and power, shouldn’t one give considerable respect? It isn’t Dame Van Winkle’s choice. She leaves the rule behind, and charges them of encouraging his husband in habits of idleness. The conflict between Rip and his wife extends from home to the inn, leading Rip to have to escape from home and inn and finally go into the mountains. Away from home, he is not capable of much work, instead, addi cted to hunting in the depths of the mountains. Like “the flock of idle crows” (Irving, 816) that answers Rip’s call when he awake suddenly, Rip is of idleness all the time.Coincidences on Rip’s farm can result in the assumption that Rip and his ground h as been cursed.The environment in which Rip does not behave insistently with his virtues makes it impossible for Rip to be super on the ground but to be idle off the land. The shrew Dame Van Winkle, whose tongue “grows keener with constant use” (Irving, 813) as years go by, makes the home and the inn not suitable for Rip, drives him into the woods with idleness. To conclude, the conformation and establishment idleness is due to contradictions between Rip with environment and his wife, which both benefits the appreciation of this vivid figure who has been known to all households for nearly two hundred years in America and will long endure.4.ConclusionThere is a string of idleness in the story. Before he strolls away into the woods in which he has the long sleep, he shares idleness with the dog Wolfe at home and with other idle villagers, say, “the sages, philosophers, and other idle personages” (Irving, 813), in the session. After the sleep lasting twenty years and returning the village, he resumes his idle ness and can be “at that happy age” and “can be idle with impunity” (Irving, 820). Other hen-pecked neighborhoods also wish to “have a quieting draught out of Rip Van Winkle’ flagon” (Irving, 821), showing that people similar to Rip exist and the number is not small. It further proves that idleness is still widely spread. And his son young Rip inherits the idleness, suggesting idleness is obtained by the next generation. Maybe one day in the village will appear another Rip Van Winkle with the character of idleness. So it is proper to say idleness of Rip comes from his life, consummates his characters and will go back to his life at length.Bibliography[1] Robert M. Stevenson, Jane L. Stevenson, eds. North America Short Stories. Hong Kong: Thomas Nelson and Sons Ltd., 1976. Book 1, p.15-26.[2] Nina Baym, et al. The Norton Anthology of American Literature, 3rd ed.. New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1989, vol. 1, part 2, p.810-821.[3] James H. Pickering, ed. An Anthology of Short Stories. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co. Inc., 1974: p.459-467.[4] Dong Qiu-min. On the Charm of “Rip Van Winkle”. Journal of He’nan University (Social Science), Sep. 2001, vol. 41, No.5.[4] Washington Irving. The Legend of Sleepy Hollow and Other Stories. New York: Airmont Pub., Co.,1904.[6] 彭家海, 主编. 新编实用美国文学教程. 武汉：华中科技大学出版社. 2005.。