大学英语
大学英语知识点总结归纳
大学英语知识点总结归纳一、语法知识点1. 英语句子的基本构成英语句子的基本构成包括主语、谓语、宾语等，根据不同的语法成分可以分为简单句、并列句、复合句等多种形式。
掌握句子的基本构成对于语言的准确表达和理解至关重要。
2. 时态英语中的时态包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时等。
时态的正确使用可以使语言表达准确清晰。
3. 语态英语中的语态包括主动语态和被动语态，正确使用语态可以使表达更加灵活多样。
4. 语气英语中的语气包括陈述语气、疑问语气、祈使语气等，每种语气的使用都有其特定的情境和表达方式。
5. 并列连词和从属连词并列连词用于连接并列结构的词、短语、从句等，包括and、or、but等；从属连词用于连接主从复合句，包括because、when、although等。
6. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形式可以用于比较不同事物的程度和大小。
7. 定冠词和不定冠词定冠词包括the，不定冠词包括a和an，使用时需要根据名词的情境和特点正确选择。
8. 代词代词分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词等，根据情境需要选择正确的代词形式。
9. 主谓一致主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致，是英语句子中的重要语法规则。
10. 介词介词用于连接名词、代词、动词或形容词等，构成介词短语用于修饰其他成分，掌握介词的使用可以使语言表达更加丰富。
二、词汇知识点1. 单词的拼写和发音掌握英语单词的拼写和发音是学习英语的基本功，有助于提高语言表达的准确性。
2. 同义词和反义词同义词和反义词可以丰富语言表达的方式，帮助学习者避免重复使用相同的词汇。
3. 词汇搭配词汇搭配是指在语言表达中，词语之间常常有固定的搭配关系，如动词搭配介词、名词搭配形容词等，掌握词汇搭配可以使表达更加自然流畅。
4. 词义辨析英语中存在大量近义词和异义词，学习者需要掌握它们的区别和正确用法，避免混淆。
大学英语(一)
1、单选题Studies have shown _______ teenagers often suffer form depression.2分thatwhichin whichin that标准答案： A2、单选题The party has failed to _______ the majority of voters that it is capable of governing the country.2分trustcreditconvincebelieve标准答案： C3、单选题_______ driving around all day looking for somewhere to park，why don‘t you take a bus to town？2分In spite ofRather thanIn palce ofOther than标准答案： B4、单选题The kids are _______ be hungry when they get home—they always are.2分obliged tobound todesired tomotivated to标准答案： B5、单选题All the characteristics that distinguish birds _______ other animals can be traced to prehistoric times.2分tobetweenforfrom标准答案： D6、单选题When the city was _______，everyone knew that total defeat was certain.2分cut offcut downcut acrosscut out标准答案： A7、单选题If we _______ everything ready by now，we should be having a terrible time tomorrow.2分hadn’t gotdidn’t getwouldn’t have gotwouldn’t get标准答案： A8、单选题In his composition there were no other errors _______ a few misspelled words.2分besideexceptthenthan标准答案： D9、单选题In deciding _______ a course of action，the candidates tried to estimate its likely impact on the voters.2分what to pursuewhich to pursuewhether to pursueif to pursue标准答案： C10、单选题Since we have a focused subject，we should not talk _______.2分at onceat handat intervalsat random标准答案： D11、单选题I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _____ I got wet through.2分It is the reasonThat is whyThere is whyIt is how标准答案： B12、单选题Whenever my uncle came to see me, he____ bring me some candy.2分willwouldwasshould标准答案： B13、单选题She is fond of____ stamps.2分collectto collectcollectingcollection标准答案： C14、单选题____you have any questions or needs, please contact the manager after 5:00 p.m. on weekends.2分BecauseWhereIfThough标准答案： C15、单选题This problem is____ his ability and I do not think he can solve it.2分toinbeyondunder标准答案： C16、阅读理解The clock struck eleven at night. The whole house was quiet. Ever yone wasin bed except me. Under the strong light, I looked sadly before a hu ge pile oftroublesome stuff they call “books”.I was going to have my examina tion thenext day. "When can I go to bed?" I asked myself. I didn’t answer, i n fact Idared not. The clock struck 12."Oh, dear!" I cried, "ten more boo ks to read before I can go to bed!” We are the most wretched crea tures in the world. Dad does notagree with me on this. He did not have to work so hard when he w as a boy ."The clock struck one. I was quite hopeless now. I forgot all I had learnt. I wastoo tired to go on. I did the only thing I could. I prayed, “Oh, God,Please helpme pass the exam tomorrow. I do promise to work hard afterwards , Amen.”My eyes were heavy, so heavy that I could hardly open the m. A few minutes later, with my head on the desk, I fell asleep.1、单选题When the author was going over his lessons, all the others in the house were_____ .4分asleepworking in bedoutsidequietly laughing at him标准答案： A2、单选题Reviewing his lessons didn’t help him because ________.4分it was too late at nighthe was very tiredhis eyes lids were so heavy that he couldn’t keep them openhe hadn’t studied hard before the examination标准答案： D3、单选题What do you suppose happened to the author？_________4分He went to a church to pray againHe passed the exam by luckHe failed in the examHe was punished by his teacher标准答案： C4、单选题The best title for the passage would be __________ .4分The Night Before the ExaminationWorking Far into the NightA Slow StudentGoing Over My Lessons标准答案： A5、单选题The word “wretched” in the second paragraph refers to_______.4分可怜的坏蛋快乐的倒霉的标准答案： A17、阅读理解A farmer had a cow. He took very good care of this cow and one day when it was ill, he was very worried. He telephoned the vet. “What’s the problem?” The vet asked him when he arrived.“My cow's ill,” the farmer said. “I don’t know what's the matter wi th her. She’slying down and won’t eat. She's making a strange noise.”The vet looked over the cow. "She's certainly ill," he said, "and she n eeds to take some very strong medicine."He took a bottle out of his box, put two pills into his hand and said, "Give her these. The pills should make her better."“How should I give them to he r?” the farmer asked.The vet gave him a tube (管子)and said, "Put this tube in her mouth, then putthe pills in the tube and blow. That'll make it."The next day the vet came to the farm again. The farmer was sitti ng outsidehis house and looked more worrie d.“How's your cow?” the vet aske d.“No change,” the farmer said, “and I’m feeling very strange myself.”“Oh?” the vet said, "Why?"“I did what you said,” the farmer answered. “I put the tube in the cow's mouth and then put two pills down it.”“And?” the vet asked. “The cow blew first,” the farmer said.1、单选题In the story, the vet must be _________.4分the farmer's frienda milk factorya hospital for cowsa doctor for animals标准答案： D2、单选题The farmer asked the vet for help when his cow _______4分couldn't lie downdidn't eat the pillscouldn't make any noisewas ill标准答案： D3、单选题What medicine did the vet give the farmer?4分Bottle of pills.A long tube.Two pills.A small box.标准答案： C18、阅读理解Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New YorkCity when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wan ted tobecome a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the m iddle of thenineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission (录取) tomedical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia . She wasso determined that she taught school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling.In 1849, after graduation from medical school. she decided to furt her her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon(外科医师) , but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea. Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her ownpractice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also adoctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, thefirst for women and children Besides being the first woman physici an andfounding her own hospital , she also set up the first medical school f or women.1、单选题Why couldn’t Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dream of becoming a surgeon?3分She couldn’t get admitted to medical schoolShe decided to further her education in ParisA serious eye problem stopped herIt was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States 标准答案： C2、单选题What main obstacle(障碍) almost destroyed Elizabeth’s chances for becoming for a doctor?3分She was a woman.She wrote too many letters.She couldn’t graduate from medical school.She couldn’t set up her hospital.标准答案： A3、单选题How many years passed between her graduation from medical sc hool and the opening of her hospital?3分Eight yearsTen yearsNineteen yearsThirty-six years标准答案： A4、单选题According to the passage, all of the following are “firsts” in the li fe of Elizabeth Blacekwell,except that she ______.3分became the first woman physicianwas the first woman doctorand several other women founded the first hospital for wome n and childrenset up the first medical school for women标准答案： B5、单选题Eilzabeth Blackwell spent most of her lift in _______.3分EnglandParisthe United StatesNew York City标准答案： C19、阅读理解Why play games? Because they are fun, and a lot more besides. F ollowing rules…planning your next move…acting as a team member …these are all “game” ideas that you will come across throughout y our life. Think about some of the games you played as a young child, such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek. Such games are en tertaining and fun. But perhaps more importantly, they translate li fe into exciting dramas that teach children some of the basic rules t hey will be expected to follow the rest of their lives, such as taking t urns and cooperating(合作). Many children’s games have a practical side. Children arou nd the world play games that prepare them for work they will do as grown-ups. For instance, some Saudi Arabian children play a ga me called bones, which sharpens the hand-eye coordination (协调) needed in hunting. Many sports encourage national or local pride. The most famous games of all, the Olympic Games, bring ath letes from around the world together to take part in friendly comp etition. People who watch the event wave flags, knowing that a gol d medal is a win for an entire country, not just the athlete who earned it. For countries experiencing natural disasters or war, an Olym pic win can mean so much. Sports are also an event that unite s(团结) people. Soccer is the most popular sport in the world. People on all continents play it—some for fun and some for a living. Nicolette Iribarne, a Californian soccer player, has discovered a way to sprea d hope through soccer. He created a foundation to provide poor c hildren with not only soccer balls but also a promising future. N ext time you play your favorite game of sport, think about why you enjoy it, what skills are needed, and whether these skills will help y ou in other aspects of your life.1、单选题Through playing hide-and-seek, children are expected to learn to （）.3分be a team leaderobey the basic rulesact as a grown-uppredict possible danger标准答案： B2、单选题The underlined part in Paragraph 2 most probably means that g ames can （） .3分describe life in an exciting waychange your life experiencesmake learning life skills more interestingchange people’s views of sporting events. 标准答案： A3、单选题According to the passage, why is winning Olympic medals so enc ouraging? （） .3分It inspires people’s deep love for the country.It proves the exceptional skills of the winners.It helps the country out of natural disasters.It earns the winners fame and fortune.标准答案： A20、简答题Translation from Chinese into English：警察已着手对这个案子进行细致、全面的调查。
大学英语期末知识点大一
大学英语期末知识点大一大学英语是大一学生必修的一门课程，它的内容丰富多样，包括英语单词、语法、阅读理解、听力和口语等方面的知识。
下面将针对大学英语期末考试的几个重要知识点进行详细介绍。
一、英语单词掌握一定量的英语词汇是理解和应用英语语言的基础。
在期末考试中，通常会涉及词汇选择、词义辨析以及填空等题型。
为了提高词汇量，我们可以通过背单词卡片、词汇书以及在线词汇学习工具来进行学习。
此外，利用单词在句子中的实际运用场景，可以加深对单词的记忆。
二、语法知识掌握英语语法是理解和构建正确句子的基础。
在期末考试中，语法知识主要体现在填空、改错和翻译等题型中。
常见的语法知识点包括时态、语态、虚拟语气、从句和介词等。
我们可以通过阅读语法书籍、练习语法题以及做语法习题来加强对语法知识的掌握。
三、阅读理解阅读理解是大学英语考试的重要组成部分。
在期末考试中，通常会涉及短文的理解、主旨概括、细节把握以及文章写作意图等方面的题目。
为了提高阅读理解能力，我们可以多读英语文章，培养阅读习惯和速度，并学会使用扫读和略读等阅读技巧。
四、听力听力是大学英语考试的另一个重要部分。
期末考试中，听力部分通常包括听对话、听短文和听长对话等。
要提高听力能力，我们可以多听英语材料，如英语歌曲、电影、英语广播等，锻炼自己的听力理解能力。
同时，可以通过做听力练习题和模拟考试，提高对于听力材料的理解和把握。
五、口语口语是英语学习的重要环节之一。
在期末考试中，通常会有口语考试的部分。
为了提高口语表达能力，我们可以多与他人进行英语对话，加入英语角或者组织口语交流活动。
此外，可以模仿英语原声录音或者参加英语口语培训班，提高自己的发音和口语表达能力。
总结起来，大学英语期末考试的知识点主要包括英语单词、语法、阅读理解、听力和口语。
要想在考试中取得好成绩，我们需要通过积极学习相关知识，掌握相关技巧，并进行充分的练习和训练。
只有融会贯通，才能在大学英语的学习中取得好成绩。
大学英语学习要点详解
大学英语学习要点详解大学英语学习是每个大学生必经的过程，也是提高自身综合素质的重要途径之一。
本文将详细解析大学英语学习的要点，包括词汇积累、语法学习、听力训练、口语表达和阅读理解等方面。
一、词汇积累词汇是语言的基础，扎实的词汇积累对于学习英语至关重要。
首先，要注重词汇的记忆和巩固。
可以通过背单词卡片、使用词汇书籍、参加词汇班等方式来进行词汇的积累。
其次，要注重词汇的运用。
可以通过写作、口语练习等方式来巩固词汇的运用能力。
同时，要注重词汇的扩展。
可以通过阅读英语原版书籍、听英语新闻等方式来扩展词汇量，提高词汇的广度和深度。
二、语法学习语法是英语学习的重要组成部分，掌握好语法规则对于提高语言表达能力至关重要。
首先，要系统学习语法知识。
可以通过课堂学习、参考语法书籍等方式来学习英语语法。
其次，要注重语法的应用。
可以通过做语法练习题、写作等方式来巩固语法知识的运用能力。
同时，要注重语法的实践。
可以通过参加英语角、与外国友人交流等方式来实践语法知识，提高语法的灵活运用能力。
三、听力训练听力是英语学习中的重要环节，也是提高语言理解能力的关键。
首先，要注重听力材料的选择。
可以选择与自己学习阶段相适应的听力材料，例如英语教材、听力练习册等。
其次，要注重听力技巧的培养。
可以通过多听多练，提高听力的速度和准确度。
同时，要注重听力的理解和记忆。
可以通过听后复述、听后回答问题等方式来提高听力的理解和记忆能力。
四、口语表达口语表达是英语学习中的重要方面，也是学习英语的综合能力的体现。
首先，要注重口语的练习。
可以通过参加英语角、与外国友人交流等方式来提高口语表达能力。
其次，要注重口语的流利度。
可以通过模仿、大量口语练习等方式来提高口语的流利度。
同时，要注重口语的准确性。
可以通过纠正发音错误、掌握正确的语调和语音等方式来提高口语的准确性。
五、阅读理解阅读理解是英语学习中的重要环节，也是提高语言理解能力和拓宽知识面的重要途径。
大学用英语怎么说
大学用英语怎么说大学泛指实施高等教育的学校，指提供教学和研究条件和授权颁发学位的高等教育组织，包括大学、学院、高等职业技术学院、高等专科学校等。
那么你知道大学用英语怎么说吗?下面来学习一下吧。
大学的英语说法1：college大学的英语说法2：university大学的相关短语：大学本科生 undergraduate;大学本科生身分 undergraduateship;大学派才子 {剧} university wits;大学评议会 academic council;大学入学注册 matriculation;大学师生比例 faculty-student ratio;大学的英语例句：1. His beautifully illustrated book well attested his love of the university.他那本带有精美插图的书见证了他对大学的热爱。
2. I've had the hots for him ever since he came to college.自从他来上大学后，我就对他春心萌动。
3. They had met by chance at university and finished up getting married.他们在大学偶遇，最后结了婚。
4. I gradually got rather disillusioned with the whole setup of the university.渐渐地，我对大学的整个体制感到相当失望。
5. Faculty members complain that their students are unprepared to do college-level work.学院的老师们抱怨说他们的学生还很不适应大学的课业。
6. As mentioned earlier, the University supplements this information with an interview.如前所述，大学将通过面试对这一信息进行补充。
大学英语及答案
大学英语及答案大学英语I. Vocabulary and Structure1. I don't know the restaurant, but it's ________ to be quite a good one.A. saidB. toldC. spokenD. talked2. Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially ________ Father was away in France.A. asB. thatC. duringD. if3. I need one more stamp before my collection ________.A. had completedB. completesC. has been completedD. is completed4. The weather turned out to be very good, ________ was more than we could expect.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. if5. We write to each other ________ , even when there's not much to say.A. now and thenB. by and byC. step by stepD. more or less6. Do you know the boy ________ under the big tree.'?A. layB. lainC. layingD. lying7. I ________ ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.A. gaveB. was givenC. was givingD. had given8. It is well known that Thomas Edison ________ the electric lamp.A. inventedB. discoveredC. foundD. developed9. This year they have produced ________ grain ________ they did last year.A. as less.., asB. as few.., asC. less.., thanD. fewer.., than10. Go on ________ the other exercise after you have finished this one.A. to doB. doingC. withD. to be doing11. I didn't hear the phone. I ________ asleep.A. must beB. must have beenC. should beD. should ,have been12. I ________ my work by this time yesterday evening.A. didB. would doC. had doneD. was doing13. He ________ back and he left a note for you.A. cameB. has beenC. will-beD. is being14. It ________ nearly every day here this month.A. rainsB. is rainingC. has rainedD. has been rained15. Mary ________ in bed all day because she had a fever.A. layB. has laidC. has lainD. laid16. Would you mind _________ alone at home tonight, Tom.'?A. leavingB. being leftC. to leaveD. to be left17. Some warm-blooded animals ________ hibernate.A. need notB. does not needC. not needD. do not need18. Welcome to my birthday party, but you needn't ________ any present.A. bringB. bringingC. broughtD. have brought19. I should ________ him up to tell him the information.A. callB. callingC. calledD. have called20. He ________ a cold last week.A. had caughtB. caughtC. has caughtD. has hadII. ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.An elderly woman died yesterday after being knocked down by a motorist who had made no --- 1 --- to brake (刹车) . A policeofficer asked the driver, a man of 69, to read the number-plate of a car parked on the opposite side of the road. The man said this was --- 2 --- , because it was foggy. In fact, it was a sunny day. After several attempts, even from a distance of two meters, the man --- 3 --- failed to read the number-plate --- 4 ---. He said he had never needed --- 5 --- , though he had been --- 6 --- in a similar accident the day before.The question of fitness to --- 7--- comes --- 8--- every time some medical condition relates to an accident like this. Last week two motorists died as result of blackouts (瞬间昏厥) at the wheel. With these --- 9--- in mind, it is not surprising that accident prevention organizations are trying to persuade the government to introduce stricter controls over --- 10---.1. A. attempt B. answer C. warning D. sign2. A. natural B. reasonable C. unfair D. unexpected3. A. had B. still C. hardly D. ever4. A. correctly B. clearly C. fluently D. actually5. A. petrol B. advice C. glass D. glasses6. A. hurt B. involved C. included D. avoided7. A. drive B. travel C. move D. entertain8. A. out B. up C. over D. on9. A. words B. questions C. conditions D. cases10. A. women B. adults C. drivers D. vehicleFrom Monday until Friday most people are busy working or studying, but in the evenings and on weekends they are free and enjoy themselves. Some watch TV or go to the movies; others take part in sports. It depends on individual --- 11---. There are many different ways to spend our ---12--- time.Almost everyone has some kind of hobby. It may be --- 13--- from collecting stamps to making model airplanes. Somehobbies are very --- 14 --- ; others don't ---15--- at all. Some collections are worth a lot of money; others are valuable only ---16 --- their owners.I know a man who has a coin collection worth several thousand dollars. A short time ago he bought a rare fifty-cent piece --- 17--- $ 250. He was very happy about his collection and thought the price was reasonable. On the contrary, my youngest brother --- 18--- match boxes. He has almost 600 of them. But I doubt if they are worth any money. However, for my brother they are --- 19--- valuable. Nothing makes him --- 20--- than to finda new match box for his collection.11. A. time B. energy C. interests D. fun12. A. spare B. working C. own D. day13. A. OK B. all right C. anything D. something14. A. expensive B. interesting C. exciting D. cheap15. A. spend anything B. cost anything C. pay nothing D. need something16. A. for B. to C. with D. of17. A. worth B. spent C. worthy D. used18. A. collects B. buys C. chooses D. selects19. A. extremely B. extreme C. complete D. special20. A. so happy B. that happy C. more happily D. happierJim hesitated before getting in. He didn't like the man's --- 21 --- or the way he talked. And at other time he would have said," --- 22 --- , ' but his leg hurt, and it was a long --- 23 --- home. He got --- 24 --- The big car started off in a burst of speed. "I --- 25 --- who you are," the man said after hesitating for a moment. "I know you're the fellow who makes the --- 26 --- on the team. With your working hard, they --- 27 --- . Without, they lose. It's as --- 28 --- as that." The man --- 29 --- up into hispocket and took out a new $ 100 bill (纸币) "There's more where this came from, if you know what I --- 30 --- , "he said, breaking into a sly (狡诈的) smile.21, A. clothes B. looks C. van D. motorcycle22. A. All fight B. Not me C. Yes, please D. No, thanks23. A. ride B. walk C. time D. voyage24. A. up B. down C. in D. off25. A. know B. realize C. understand D. learn26. A. progress B. importance C. difference D. improvement27. A. win B. grow C. exist D. gain28. A. easy B. difficult C. clean D. simple29. A. put B. spread C. reached D. got30. A. say B. mean C. like D. haveIV. Writing1.近些年来，空气污染问题日益受到人们的关注。
大学英语词汇表
大学英语词汇表Aa (an) art.一A.D. adj.公元abandon vt.放弃,遗弃about adv.附近,大约prep.在附近,关于above adj.上面的,上述的prep.在…上方adv.在上面abroad adv.往国外,海外absence n.不在,缺席absolute adj.完全的,绝对的absorb vt.吸收,吸引abuse n.滥用,虐待,辱骂v.滥用,虐待,辱骂academic adj.学院的,理论的accept vt.接受,认可vi.同意,承认acceptable adj.可接受的,合意的acceptance n.接受,赞同access n.通路,入门vt.接近accident n.意外事件,事故accommodation n.住处,膳宿accompany vt.陪伴,伴奏according adv.依照account n.计算,帐目,说明v.说明,认为accountant n.会计,会计师accurate adj.正确的,精确的accuse vt.控告,谴责ache n.疼痛vi.觉得疼痛achieve vt.完成,达到achievement n.成就,功绩acid n.酸adj.酸的,讽刺的acknowledge vt.承认,答谢acquire vt.获得,学到across adv.交叉地,在对面prep.越过,交叉act n.法案,(戏剧的)幕v.行动,表演action n.动作,行动active adj.积极的activity n.活动,行为actor n.男演员,行动者actress n.女演员actual adj.实际的,真实的actually adv.实际上,事实上adapt vt.使适应,改编add v.增加,做加法addition n.增加,加法address n.地址, 致辞vt.向…致辞,演说administration n.管理,行政部门adjust vt.调整,调节admire v.赞美,钦佩,羡慕admission n.允许进入,供认admit v.容许,承认adopt vt.采用,收养adult n.成人advance n.前进,提前v.前进,提前advanced adj.高级的,先进的advantage n.优势,有利条件advertise v.做广告,登广告advertisement n.广告advertising adj.广告的advice n.忠告,建议advise vt.劝告,建议adviser n.顾问affair n.事件affect vt.影响,感动afford vt.给予,供应得起,afraid adj.害怕,担心Africa n.非洲African n.非洲人adj.非洲的after prep./conj.在…之后afternoon n.午后,下午afterwards adv.然后,后来地again adv.又,再次,against prep.相反,反对age n.年龄,时代v.变老,上年纪aged adj.年老的agency n.代理处,中介agenda n.pl.议程agent n.代理(商)aggressive adj.有闯劲的,侵略性的ago adv.以前的,以往的agree v.同意,一致,适合agreement n.同意,一致,协议agriculture n.农业,农艺ahead adj./adv.在前,向前aid n.帮助,援助vt.援助,帮助Aids abbr.爱滋病aim n.目标,瞄准v.瞄准,打算air n.空气,空中vt.晾干,使通风,aircraft n.航行器airline n.定期航线airport n.机场alarm n.警报,惊慌vt.恐吓,警告album n.集邮本,照相簿alcohol n.酒精,酒alcoholic adj.含酒精的alike adj.相同的,相似的alive adj.活着的,活泼的all pron.全部adj./adv.全部的(地)allow vt.允许, 承认allowance n.津贴,允许ally n.同盟国,支持者v.结盟almost adv.几乎,差不多alone adj./adv.单独的(地)along prep.顺着,沿着already adv.已经also adv.也,同样alter v.改变alternative n.可供选择的办法adj.选择性的although conj.虽然, 尽管altogether adv.完全地, 总而言之always adv.总是,永远am v./aux.是,在amaze vt.使吃惊amazing adj.令人惊异的ambition n.野心,雄心ambulance n.救护车America n.美国American n.美国人adj.美国的,美洲的among prep.在…之中amount n.数量vi.(to) 总计,等于analyse vt.分析,分解ancient adj.远古的and conj.和,并anger n.愤怒angle n.[数]角,角落vi.钓鱼,追逐angry adj.生气的,愤怒的animal n.动物anniversary n.周年纪念announce vt.宣布,通告announcement n.宣告,通告annoy vt.使苦恼,骚扰annoying adj.恼人的,讨厌的annual adj.每年的n.一年生植物,年刊another adj.另外的,又一answer n.答案,回答v.回答,答复说anxious adj.担忧的,渴望的1any adj.任何的,所有的pron.无论那一个,任何anybody pron.任何人anyone pron.任何一个anything pron.任何事anyway adv.无论如何,总之anywhere adv.无论何处apart adv.分离,分别地adj.分开的apartment n.公寓住宅,房间apologise vi.道歉apparent adj.显然的appeal n.请求,呼吁,吸引力v.吸引要求appear vi.出现,看来appearance n.出现,外貌appetite n.胃口,欲望apple n.苹果application n.申请,应用apply v.申请,应用appoint vt.约定,任命appointment n.约会,指定appreciate vt.赏识,感激approach v.接近靠近approval n.赞成,批准approve v.赞成,批准April n.四月architecture n.建筑, 建筑学are v./aux.是,在area n. 地区,区域argue vi.争论,辩论argument n.争论,论据arise vi.出现,发生arm n.手臂,武器v.武装起来army n.军队around prep./adv.在…周围,四处arrange v.安排arrangement n.安排arrest vt./n.逮捕,拘留arrival n.到来,到达arrive vi.到达,抵达art n.艺术article n.文章,物品artificial adj.人造的,假的artist n.艺术家,画家as conj.与…一样,当…之时prep.当做ashamed adj.惭愧的,羞耻的Asia n.亚洲Asian n.亚洲人adj.亚洲的,亚洲人的aside adv.在旁边ask v.询问,要求asleep adj.睡着的aspect n.(问题等的)方面assessment n.估价assist v.援助,帮助assistance n.协助,援助assistant n.助手,助教adj.辅助的,助理的associate v.使联合,使发生联系adj.副的n.合作人,同事association n.协会,联想assume vt.假定,设想assure vt.保证,担保astonishing adj.惊异的at prep.在,于,在…方面athlete n.运动员,运动选手atmosphere n.空气,气氛attach vt.系上,贴上v.配属,隶属于attack n.进攻,攻击v.攻击,抨击attempt n.努力,企图vt.尝试,企图attend vt.参加,照顾vi.专心,留意attention n.注意,关心attitude n.态度,意见attract v.吸引,引起注意attraction n.吸引,吸引人的事物attractive adj.吸引人的audience n.听众,观众August n.八月aunt n.姑妈,阿姨Australia n.澳大利亚Australian adj.澳大利亚(人)的author n.作家authority n.权威,权力automatic n.自动机械adj.自动的,机械的autumn n.秋天available adj.可用到的,有空的avenue n.林荫道,大街average n.平均,平均数adj.一般的,平均的avoid vt.避免,消除v.打,打败awake v.唤醒醒来award n.奖,奖品vt.授予aware adj.意识到的away adv.在远处awful adj.可怕的,糟糕的BB.C adj.公元前baby n.婴孩back adj./adv.后面的(地),向后n.背部,后面background n.背景,后台backward adv./adj.向后地(的)bad adj.有害的,坏的bag n.袋包bake v.烘焙,烤balance n.秤,平衡ball n.球,舞会ban vt./n禁止banana n.香蕉band n.乐队bank n.银行,岸bar n.条,棒vt.禁止,妨碍bargain v.还价barrier n.栅栏,障碍物base n.基础,根据地baseball n.棒球basic adj.基本的basis n.基础,根据basket n.篮子basketball n.篮球bat n.蝙蝠,球拍bath n.沐浴,浴室bathroom n.浴室,盥洗室battery n.电池battle n.战役,战争be v./aux.是,在beach n.海滩bean n.豆bear n.熊v.负担,忍受beard n.胡须beat n.敲打,拍子beautiful adj.美丽的beauty n.美,美人because conj./adv.因为become v.变成,成为bed n.床bedroom n.卧室beef n.牛肉beer n.啤酒before prep./conj.在…之前begin v.开始beginning n.开始behave v.举动,举止behaviour n.行为,举止2behind prep.在…之后adv.在后地belief n.信任,信仰believe v.相信,认为bell n.铃,钟belong vi.属于below prep./adv.在下面belt n.带子,地带bench n.长椅bend v./n.弯曲beneath prep./adv.在之下benefit n.利益, 好处v.有益,受益beside prep.在旁边best adj./adv.最好的(地) bet n./v.赌,打赌better adj./adv.更好的(地) between prep.在…之间beyond prep.超过adv.在远处bicycle n.自行车bid vt./n.出价,投标big adj.大的bill n.帐单,票据billion n./pron.十亿bird n.鸟birth n.出生birthday n.生日bit n.小块,少量bite n./v.咬,咬伤bitter adj.苦的,痛苦的black adj.黑色的blackboard n.黑板blade n.刀片blame vt./n.责备blank adj.空白的blind adj.瞎的,盲目的block n.块,街区vt.防碍,阻塞blood n.血,血统bloody adj.有血的,血腥的blouse n.宽松的上衣blow v.风吹,吹气n.殴打,突然的打击blue n.蓝色adj.蓝色的,忧郁的board n.木板vt.上(船,飞机等)boat n.小船,艇body n.身体boil v.沸腾bomb n.炸弹vt.轰炸bone n.骨头bonus n.奖金,红利book n.书籍v.预订bookshelf n.书架bookshop n.书店boom n./v.繁荣boost v.推进boot n.靴子border n.边界,国界bored adj.无聊的boring adj.令人厌烦的born adj.天生的borrow v.借入boss n.老板,上司both adj./prep两者,双方bother v.烦扰,打扰bottle n.瓶子bottom n.底,底部bowl n.碗box n.盒子,箱v.拳击boy n.男孩boyfriend n.男朋友brain n.脑,头脑branch n.树枝,分部brand n.商标brave adj.勇敢的bread n.面包break n.休息,暂停v.打破breakfast n.早餐breast n.胸部breath n.呼吸breathe v.呼吸brick n.砖bridge n.桥,桥牌brief adj.简短的bright adj.明亮的,聪明的brilliant adj.灿烂的,有才气的bring vt.拿来,带来Britain n.英国British adj.英国(人)的broad adj.宽阔的(地)broadcast n./v.广播broken adj.坏掉的brother n.兄弟brown n./adj.褐色(的),棕色(的)brush n.刷子,画笔budget n./v.预算build v.建造building n.建筑物burglar n.夜贼burglary v.入室行窃burgle v.偷窃burn v.烧, 烧焦n.烧伤, 灼伤burnt adj.烧坏的烧伤的burst v.爆发bury vt.埋葬bus n.公共汽车business n.商业,生意,事情businessman n.商人busy adj.忙碌的,热闹的but prep.除…以外conj.而是, 但是butter n.黄油button n.钮扣,按钮buy v.买buyer n.买主by prep.在附近,由,按照adv.通过,附近bye int.再Ccabbage n.卷心菜cable n.电缆cafén.咖啡馆cake n.蛋糕,饼calculate v.计算,考虑calculation n.计算,考虑calendar n.日历call n.喊声,叫声v.呼叫,召集calm adj.平静的v.(使)平静camera n.照相机camp v./n.露营campaign n.战役,活动can modal v.能,可以n.罐头Canada n.加拿大Canadian adj.加拿大(人)的n.加拿大人cancel vt.取消, 删去cancer n.癌candidate n.候选人cannot modal v.不能cap n.帽子capable adj.有能力的,能干的capital n.首都,资本captain n.队长,船长car n.汽车card n.纸牌,卡片3care n.注意,照料vt.在意,关心,喜爱career n.事业careful adj.小心的,仔细的careless adj.粗心的carpet n.地毯carry v.携带,运送cartoon n.漫画,动画片case n.事情,案例cash n.现金castle n.城堡cattle n.牛cat n.猫catch v.捕获,赶上cause n.原因v.引起,导致CD (Compact Disc)光盘ceiling n.天花板celebrate v.庆祝,举行celebration n.庆祝,庆典cell n.细胞cent n.(货币单位)分center n.中心,中央centimeter n.厘米central adj.中心的,中央的century n.世纪,百年ceremony n.典礼,仪式certain adj.确定的,某一个certainly adv.的确,当然certificate n.证书chain n.链(条)chair n.椅子chairman n.主席,会长challenge n./n.挑战champion n.冠军championship n.锦标赛chance n.机会,可能性change n./v.改变,变化channel n.海峡,频道chapter n.(书籍)章character n.性格,特征,人物charge 费用,掌管v.控诉,收费charity n.慈善chart n.图表chase vt.追赶,追逐chat v./n.聊天cheap adj.便宜的cheat n./v.欺骗check v.检查,核对(US) n.支票cheer n./v.欢呼cheerful adj.愉快的,高兴的cheese n.干酪chef n.厨师chemical adj.化学的chemist n.化学家,药剂师chemistry n.化学cheque n.支票chest n.胸膛chicken n.小鸡,鸡肉chief n.首领,领袖child n.孩子children n.(pl.)孩子们chin n.下巴,下颚China n.中国, 瓷器Chinese adj.中国(人)的,汉语的n.中国人,中文chip n.碎片chocolate n.巧克力choice n.选择choose v.选择,选定Christmas n.圣诞节church n.教堂,教会cigarette n.香烟cinema n.电影院circle n.圆周,圆形物cite v.引用,引述citizen n.市民,公民city n.城市civil adj.市民的,公民的claim n./v.要求,主张class n.班级,阶级classic n.杰作,名著adj.第一流的classical adj.古典的classroom n.教室clean adj.清洁的,干净的v.打扫,使干净cleaner n.清洁工人,清洁器clear adj.清楚的,清晰的v.扫除,清除clearly adv.明显地clerk n.职员clever adj.机灵的,聪明的click n./v.(发出)滴答声client n.顾客,客户cliff n.悬崖climate n.气候climb v.攀登,爬clock n.时钟close v.关,关闭adj.近的,亲密的n.结束clothes n.衣服cloud n.云cloudy adj.多云的,阴天的club n.俱乐部coach n.长途汽车,教练coal n.煤coast n.海岸coat n.外套,涂层cock n.公鸡code n.代号,编码coffee n.咖啡coin n.硬币cold adj.寒冷的,冷淡的n.感冒collapse n./v.倒塌,崩溃colleague n.同事collect v.收集,搜集collection n.收藏,搜集品college n.学院,大学colo(u)r n.颜色colourful adj.多彩的column n.圆柱,专栏comb n.梳子combination n.联合,合并combine v.(使)联合come vi.来,到达comfort n./v.安慰comfortable adj.舒适的command v./n.命令,指挥comment n./v.注释,评论commercial adj.商业的,贸易的commission n.委任,委托commit vt.做,犯(错误),处理,保证commitment n.委托,许诺,承担committee n.委员会common adj.共同的,普通的communicate v.沟通,通信communication n.交通,通讯community n.团体,社区companion n.同伴,共事者company n.公司,陪伴compare v.比较,相比comparison n.比较,对照compensation n.补偿,赔偿compete vi.比赛,竞争competition n.竞争,竞赛competitive adj.竞争的complain v.抱怨complaint n.抱怨,牢骚complete adj.完全的,完成的vt.完成complex adj.复杂的,合成的4complicated adj.复杂的,难解的composition n.写作,作文computer n.计算机,电脑concentrate v.集中concentration n.集中,专心concept n.观念,概念concern vt.涉及,关系到n.关系,关心concerned adj.关心的,有关的concerning prep.关于concert n.音乐会conclude v.结束,作出结论condition n.条件,环境conduct n.行为v.引导,管理conference n.会议confidence n.信心confident adj.自信的confirm v.确认conflict n./v.斗争,冲突confuse vt.搞乱,使糊涂confused adj.困惑的confusion n.混乱,混淆congratulation n.祝词,贺辞connect v.连接,联合connection n.连接,关系conscious adj.有意识的,有知觉的consequence n.结果consider vt.考虑,认为considerable adj.相当大(或多)的可观的,值得考虑的consideration n.体谅, 考虑consist vi.由…组成consistent adj.一致的,调和的constant adj.不变的,持续的construct vt.建造,构造construction n.建筑,建筑consult v.商议,请教consultant n.顾问,商议者consumer n.消费者contact n./v.接触,联系contain vt.包含,容纳container n.容器content n.内容,目录context n.上下文continue v.继续continuous adj.连续的contract n.合同,契约v.缩短,订约contrast vt.使与...对比n.对比,对照contribute v.捐助,贡献contribution n.捐献,贡献control n./v.控制,支配,管理convenience n.便利,方便convenient adj.便利的,方便的convention n.大会,协定,惯例conversation n.会话,交谈convert vt.使转变,转换convince vt.使信服cook n.厨师v.烹调cooking n.烹饪cool adj.凉爽,冷静的copy n.副本,一册v.复印,复制core n.果核,核心corn n.<美>玉米,<英>谷物corner n.角落,(街道)拐角处corporate adj.法人的,全体的corporation n.公司,企业correct adj.正确的,恰当的cost n.成本,价钱,代价v.花费cottage n.村舍,小屋cotton n.棉花cough n./v.咳嗽could modal v.能够,可以council n.理事会,委员会count v.数,计算n.计数,计算counter n.计算器,柜台country n.国家,乡村countryside n.乡村,郊外,野外county n.县,couple n.(一)对,(一)双,夫妇courage n.勇气course n.过程,课程court n.法院,宫庭cousin n.堂(表)兄弟姊妹cover n.盖子,封面vt.覆盖,铺cow n.母牛crack n.裂缝craft n.工艺,手艺crash n./v.碰撞,坠落crazy adj.疯狂的,狂热的cream n.乳酪,奶油create vt.创造,造成creation n.创造creative adj.创造性的credit n.信用,声望crew n.全体人员crime n.犯罪,罪行criminal n.罪犯,犯罪者adj.犯罪的,犯法的crisis n.危机,紧要关头critic n.批评家critical adj.评论的,危急的criticism n.批评,批判crop n.农作物cross n.十字,十字架v.使交叉,横过crowd n.人群cruel adj.残酷的cry v.哭,叫,喊cultural adj.文化的culture n.文化,文明cup n.杯子,奖杯cupboard n.碗碟橱cure n./v.治愈,痊愈curious adj.好奇的,古怪的curly adj.卷曲的currency n.流通current adj.当前的curtain n.窗帘,门帘curve n.曲线,弯曲v.弯,使弯曲custom n.风俗,海关customer n.消费者cut v.切,割cycle n.周期,循环Ddad n.爸爸daily adj.每日的damage n./v.损害,伤害dance n./v.跳舞danger n.危险dangerous adj.危险的dare v.敢,胆敢dark adj.暗的,(皮肤等)黑色的darkness n.黑暗data n.数据date n.日期,约会vt.约会,定日期daughter n.女儿day n.天,白天dead adj.死的deaf adj.聋的deal n.交易,dealer n.经销商,商人dear int.[表示惊讶等]Oh,～!adj.昂贵的,亲爱的death n.死亡debate v./n.争论,辩论debt n.债务5decade n.十年,十December n.十二月decide v.决定decision n.决定,declare vt.宣布,宣告decline v.拒绝, 衰落,下降decorate v.装饰,装修decoration n.装饰,装饰品decrease n./v.减少deep adj.深的deeply adv.深深地defeat n./v.击败,战胜defence n.防卫defend vt.辩护,防卫define vt.定义definite adj.明确的definition n.定义degree n.度数,程度delay v./n.耽搁,延迟delicious adj.美味的delighted adj.欣喜的,快乐的deliver vt.递送,传递delivery n.递送,交货demand n./v.要求,需求demanding adj.过分要求的,苛求的demonstrate vt.证明,示威demonstration n.示范,游行dentist n.牙医deny v.否认,拒绝department n.部门,系departure n.启程,出发depend vi.依靠,依赖dependent adj.依赖的deposit n.存款,押金depth n.深,深度deputy n.代理人,代表describe v.描述description n.描写,描述desert n.沙漠v.遗弃,逃跑deserve v.应受,值得design n./v.设计designer n.设计师desk n.书桌,办公桌desperate adj.不顾一切的,绝望的despite prep.不管,尽管,不论disgusting adj.令人厌恶的dish n.盘, 碟dislike vt.讨厌,不喜欢dismiss v.解散,下课,开除disorder n.杂乱,混乱vt.扰乱,使失调display vt./n.陈列,展览dissatisfied adj.不满意的,不高兴的dessert n.餐后甜点distance n.距离distant adj.远的distinction n.区别,差别district n.区域disturb v.打乱,打扰destroy v.破坏,毁坏destruction n.破坏,毁灭detail n.细节,详情determination n.决心determine v.决定,使下定决心determined adj.坚决的,决定了的develop v.发展development n.发展device n.装置devote vt.投入于,献身dial v.拨(电话)diary n.日记dictionary n.字典,词典die v.死亡,消逝diet n.日常食物difference n.差异,差别different adj.不同的difficult adj.困难的difficulty n.困难dig v.掘, 挖digital adj.数字的n.数字dinner n.正餐,宴会direct adj.径直的,直接的direction n.方向,指导director n.主任,主管,导演dirt n.污垢,泥土dirty adj.肮脏的disabled adj.伤残的disadvantage n.不利,缺点disagree vi.不一致disappear vi.消失, 不见disappoint vt.使失望disappointed adj.失望的disaster n.灾难disc n.圆盘,唱片discipline n.纪律discount n.折扣discover v.发现discovery n.发现,发明的东西discuss vt.讨论discussion n.讨论disease n.疾病dream n./v.梦,梦想dress n.女服,服装v.(给…)穿衣drink n.饮料, 酒v.喝, 喝酒drive vt./n.开车,驱赶driver n.驾驶员,驱动程序drop v.滴下,落下n.落下,下降,滴drug n.药drum n.鼓,鼓声drunk adj.喝醉了的drink 的过去分词divide v.划分,分开division n.分开divorce n.离婚vt.使离婚DJ abbr.(disc jockey)流行音乐节目主持人do v.做doctor n.医生,博士document n.文件dog n.狗dollar n.美元domestic adj.家庭的,国内的dominant adj.占优势的,支配的dominate v.支配,占优势door n.门dormitory n.宿舍dot n.点, 圆点double adj.两倍的,双重的doubt n./v.怀疑,疑惑down adj./adv.向下的(地)prep.往下,沿着download v.下载,卸货downstairs adv.在楼下,往楼下dozen n.一打,十二个draft n.草稿drag v.拖,拖曳drama n.戏剧dramatic adj.戏剧性的draw v.拉,画drawer n.抽屉,画家drawing n.图画dry adj.干的,干燥的v.(使)干燥,变干duck n.鸭子due adj.应得的,正当的dull adj.迟钝的,呆滞的dump vt.倾倒(垃圾)during prep.在...的期间dust n.灰尘,尘土duty n.义务,责任6Eeach adj.各自的,每个的adv.每个pron.各自,每个ear n.耳朵early adj.早的,早期的adv.早,在初期earn v.赚得,获得earth n.地球,泥土east n./adj.东(的),东方(的)adv.在东方,向东eastern adj.东方的,东部的easy adj.容易的,舒适的eat v.吃economic adj.经济(上)的economics n.经济学economy n.经济edge n.边缘edit vt.编辑edition n.版本, 版editor n.编辑器,编者educate v.教育education n.教育educational adj.教育的effect n.结果,效果effective adj.有效的efficient adj.有效率的effort n.努力,成就egg n.蛋,鸡蛋,卵eight num./pron./n八(个) eighteen num./pron./n.十八(个) eighth num./pron./adv.第八eighty num./pron./n.八十(个) either adj.(两方中的)任一的pron.随便任一个conj.或者,也elderly adj.上了年纪的elect vt.选举,推选,选择election n.选举,选择权electric adj.电的,导电的electrical adj.电的,有关电的electricity n.电流,电,电学electronic adj.电子的element n.要素,元素elephant n.大象eleven num./pron./n.十一(个)else adj./adv.别的(地)elsewhere adv.在别处email n.电子信函emerge vi.显现,浮现emergency n.紧急情况emotion n.情感,感情emotional adj.情绪的,情感的emphasis n.强调,重点emphasize v.强调empire n.帝国employ v.雇用,使用employee n.职工,雇员employer n.雇主,老板employment n.雇用,使用empty adj.空的,空虚的v.倒空,腾出来enable vt.使能够enclose vt.装入,围绕encounter v./n.遭遇,遇到encourage vt./n.鼓励end n.末端,尽头,结束v.结束,终结enemy n./adj.敌人(的)energy n.精力,活力,能量engage vt.雇佣,使从事于engine n.发动机engineer n.工程师engineering n.工程(学)England n.英格兰,英国English adj.英文的,英国人的n.英国人,英语enjoy v.享受,欣赏,喜爱enjoyable adj.令人愉快的enormous adj.巨大的enough adj./adv.足够的(地)n.充足,足够ensure v.保证,担保enter v.进入,加入enterprise n.企业,事业entertainment n.款待,娱乐enthusiasm n.狂热,热心enthusiastic adj.热心的,热情的entire adj.全部的,完整的entrance n.入口,进入entry n.条目,进入envelope n.信封environmental adj.环境的equal adj./n.相等的(事物或数量)equipment n.设备,器材equivalent adj./n.相当的(等价物)error n.错误,过失escape v./n.逃脱,避开,溜走especially adv.特别,尤其essay n.随笔,短文essential adj.本质的,基本的establish v.建立,设立estate n.不动产estimate v./n.估计,估价ethnic adj.人种的,种族的Europe n.欧洲European adj.欧洲的,欧洲人的n.欧洲人even adj.平的adv.甚至,即使evening n.傍晚,晚会event n.事件,活动eventually adv.最后,终于ever adv.曾经,永远every adj.每个的,全部的everybody pron.每人,人人everyone pron.每人,人人everything pron.每件事物everywhere adv.各处,到处evidence n.明显,根据,证据evil adj.邪恶的,有害的n.不幸,罪恶exact adj.精确的,准确的exactly adv.正确地,严密地examination n.考试,检查examine v.检查,考试example n.例子excellent adj.卓越的,极好的except prep.除了…之外v.把…除外exchange v./n.交换,兑换excited adj.兴奋的exciting adj.令人兴奋的excuse vt.原谅,作为…的托辞n.致歉,理由,借口exercise n./v.练习,锻炼exhibition n.展览会,展览品exist vi.存在,生存existence n.存在(物)existing adj.现有的exit n.出口,太平门expand v.膨胀,扩充expansion n.扩充,膨胀expect vt.预期,盼望expectation n.期待,指望expense n.费用,代价expensive adj.昂贵的experience n./vt.经验,经历experienced adj.富有经验的experiment v./n.(做)实验expert n.专家,行家explain v.解释,说明explanation n.解释,说明exploit vt.开发,剥削explore v.探险,探测export v./n.出口(物)7expose v.使暴露,揭露express n.快车,快递vt.表达,表示expression n.表达,表情extend v.扩充,延伸extension n.延长,扩充extensive adj.广阔的,广泛的extent n.广度,范围,程度external n./adj.外部(的) extra adj./adv.额外的(地) extraordinary adj.特别的extreme n./adj.极端(的) extremely adv.极端地, 非常地eye n.眼睛, 视力Fface n.脸,表情facility n.设备,工具fact n.事实factor n.因素factory n.工厂fail v./n.失败,不及格failure n.失败(者),故障fair adj.(肤色)白皙的(头发)金黄的,公平的fairly adv.公正地,相当地faith n.信任,信念faithful adj.守信的,忠实的fall n.秋天,落下,瀑布vi.落下,下跌FALSE adj.错误的,假的familiar adj.熟悉的,常见的family n.家庭,家属famous adj.著名的fan n.扇子,狂热者fancy vt.想象,设想n.迷恋,想象力fantastic adj.幻想的,奇异的far adj./adv.遥远的(地) fare n.费用farewell n.辞别,再见int.再会,别了!farm n.农场,农田v.种田,务农farmer n.农夫,农场主fashion n.流行,风尚fashionable adj.流行的,时髦的fast adj./adv.快速的(地)fat n.脂肪,肥肉adj.胖的,油腻的father n.父亲fault n.过错,缺点favor n.好感,喜爱vt.赞成,喜欢favorite adj./n.特别喜欢的(人或物)fax n./v.传真fear n./v.害怕,担心feather n.羽毛feature n.特征,特色February n.二月fee n.费(会费,学费等)feed v.喂养,饲养feedback n.反馈,反应feel n./v.触摸,感觉feeling n.感觉,情绪fellow n.家伙,伙伴female n./adj.女性(的)fence n.栅栏,围墙festival n./adj.节日(的)fetch v.取来,带来fever n.发烧,狂热few adj.很少的field n.田地,领域fifteen num./pron./n.十五(个)fifth num./pron./adv.第五fifty num./pron./n.五十(个)fight n./v.打架,战斗figure n.外形,轮廓,数字file n.文件,档案fill v.装满,填充film n.胶卷,影片final adj.最后的n.结局,决赛,期末考试finally adv.最后,终于finance n.财政,金融financial adj.财政的,金融的find vt.找到,发现finding n.发现fine adj.好的,细的vt./n.罚款finger n.手指finish vt./n.完成,结束fire n.火,火灾v.开枪,解雇,着火firm n.公司adj.结实的,坚硬的first adj./num.第一的(个)adv.首先,最初firstly adv.第一,首先fish v./n.(钓)鱼,鱼肉fishing n.钓鱼, 捕鱼fit adj.合适的,健康的v.适合,安装five num./pron./n.五(个)fix vt.固定,修理flag n.旗flash vi./n.闪光,闪现flat adj.平坦的n.平面,公寓flavour n.滋味,香味flesh n.肉,肉体flexible adj.灵活的flight n.飞行,航班float v.浮动,飘浮flood n.洪水,水灾v.淹没,泛滥floor n.地面,地板flour n.面粉flow n./adj.流程,流动flower adj/n.花fly n.苍蝇v.飞翔focus n.中心,焦点fog n.雾,烟雾foggy adj.雾的,模糊的fold v.折叠,合拢folk n.人们,民族adj.民间的follow v.跟随,接着following n./adj.下列(的)food n.食物,养料fool n.愚人,白痴v.愚弄,欺骗foolish adj.愚蠢的,傻的foot n.足,英尺football n.足球for prep.为了,因为,对于conj.因为force n.力量,武力vt.强制,强加forecast vt./n.预测,预报foreign adj.外国的,外交的foreigner n.外国人forest n.森林forget v.忘记forgive vt.原谅,饶恕fork n.叉,岔口form n.表格,形式v.形成,构成formal adj.外形的,正式的former adj.以前的fortnight n.两星期fortunate adj.幸运的fortune n.财富,运气forty num./pron./n.四十(个)forward adv.向前地found v.建立,创立8foundation n.基础,创立,基金(会) four num./pron./n.四(个) fourth num./pron./adv.第四frame n.框架,结构France n.法国free adj.自由的,免费的vt.释放,使自由freedom n.自由freeze v.(使)冷冻,冻结French n.法国人, 法语adj.法国(人)的,法语的frequent adj.频繁的fresh adj.新鲜的Friday n.星期五friend n.朋友friendly adj.友好的friendship n.友谊frighten v.惊恐,使惊吓frightened adj.受惊的,受恐吓的from prep.从,来自front n.前面fruit n.水果, 果实fry v./n.油炸(食物)fuel n.燃料full adj.充满的,完全的fully adv.充分地,完全地fun n.玩笑,有趣的人或事物function n.功能,作用vi.活动,运行fund n.资金,基金v.支助, 投资funny adj.有趣的,好笑的furniture n.家具further adj.更远的(地)vt.促进,增进furthermore adv.此外,而且future n./adj.未来(的),将来(的) Ggain v.得到game n.比赛,游戏gang n.(一)伙,(一)群gap n.缺口,间隙garage n.修车厂,车库garden n.(菜、花)园gas n.气体,煤气,汽油gate n.大门gather v.集合,搜集gay adj.快乐的n.<美俚> 同性恋者general adj.一般的,大体的n.将军,概要generally adv.一般, 通常generation n.一代(人)generous adj.慷慨的,大方的gentle adj.温和的gentleman n.先生,绅士genuine adj.真实的German n.德国人, 德语adj.德国(人)的,德语的Germany n.德国get v.获得,变成gift n.礼物,天赋girl n.女孩girlfriend n.女朋友give vt.给,供给glad adj.高兴的glass n.玻璃,玻璃杯global adj.球形的,全球的glue n.胶,胶水go vi.离去,走goal n.目标,(球赛等的)得分goat n.山羊god n.神,上帝gold n.黄金golden adj.金色的golf n.高尔夫球good adj.优良的,有益的goodbye int.再见goods n.货物govern v.统治,管理government n.政府grab v.抢夺,攫取grade n.等级,级别graduate v./n.毕业(生)gram n.克grammar n.语法grand adj.盛大的,豪华的grandchild n.孙(女)grandfather n.(外)祖父grandmother n.(外)祖母grant vt.同意,准予grass n.草grateful adj.感激的great adj.伟大的,非常的green n.绿色(颜料或物品)adj.绿色的,未成熟的greeting n.问候grey n./adj.灰色(的)ground n.地面,土地group n.团体,组,群grow v.生长,成长,种植growth n.生长,种植guarantee v./n.保证,担保guard n./v.守卫,警戒guess v./n.猜测,推测guest n.客人,来宾guide n.导游者,向导guilty adj.犯罪的,有罪的guitar n.吉他gun n.炮,枪guy n.家伙,人gym n.体育Hhabit n.习惯hair n.头发,毛发hairdresser n.(为女子做发的)理发师hairstyle n.发型,发式half n./adj.一半(的)hall n.礼堂,大厅ham n.火腿hand n.手v.交给handbag n.手提包handle vt.处理,操作handsome adj.英俊的handwriting n.笔迹hang vt.悬挂,绞死happen v.发生,碰巧happiness n.幸福,快乐happy adj.快乐的,幸福的harbour n.海港hard adj.硬的,困难的,艰苦的adv.努力地,辛苦地hardly adv.刚刚,几乎不hardship n.困苦,艰难hardware n.五金器具,硬件hardworking adj.苦干的harm n./v.伤害,损害harmful adj.有害的hat n.帽子hate v./n.憎恨,讨厌have v.有,持有he pron.他head n.头(脑),领袖headache n.头痛headline n.大字标题headquarters n.总部health n.健康healthy adj.健康的hear v.听到,听说hearing n.听力,听觉heart n.心,心脏,中心heat v./n.(加)热heating n.加热,暖气装置heaven n.天空,天堂heavy adj.重的9height n.高度helicopter n.直升(飞)机hell n.地狱,苦境hello int.喂,哈罗help v./n.帮助helpful adj.有帮助的her pron.她的,她here adv./n.(在)这里hero n.英雄,男主角hers pron.她的herself pron.她自己hi int.嗨!(打招呼) hidden adj.隐藏的hide v.隐藏,掩藏high adj.高的highlight vt.加亮,使显著highly adv.高地,非常highway n.公路hill n.小山him pron.他himself pron.他自己hire n./v.租用,雇用his pron.他的historical adj.历史(上)的history n.历史,历史学hit n./v.击,打,碰撞hi-tech adj.高技术的hobby n.业余爱好hold v.支持,持有hole n.洞,孔holiday n.假日holy adj.神圣的home n./adj.家(的)adv.在家,回家homework n.家庭作业honest adj.诚实的honour n.荣誉,敬意hope n./v.希望hopeful adj.有希望的horn n.(牛、羊等的)角,喇叭horrified adj.惊骇的horror n.惊骇,恐怖horse n.马hospital n.医院host n.主人hot adj.热的,辣的hotel n.旅馆hour n.小时,钟头house n.房子,住宅household n.一家人,家庭housewife n.家庭主妇how adv.怎样,多么however adv./conj.无论如何huge adj.巨大的human n.人,人类humorous adj.幽默的humour n.幽默,诙谐hundred num./pron./n.一百(个)hungry adj.饥饿的hunt v./n.打猎,搜寻hurry n.匆忙,仓促v.赶紧,匆忙hurt n./v.伤痛,伤害husband n.丈II pron.我ice n.冰ice-cream n.冰淇淋idea n.想法,主意ideal n./adj.理想(的)identity n.身份if conj.如果ignore vt.不理睬,忽视ill adj.有病的,坏的illegal adj.违法的illness n.疾病,生病illustrate vt.举例说明,阐明image n.图象,肖像imaginary adj.想象的,虚构的imagination n.想象,空想imagine vt.想象,设想immediate adj.立即的immediately adv.立即,马上impact n./v.冲击,影响impatient adj.不耐心的implement v.贯彻,执行impolite adj.无礼的importance n.重要(性)important adj.重要的,重大的impossible adj.不可能的impress vt.留下印象impression n.印象impressive adj.印象深刻的improve v.改善,提高improvement n.改进,进步in prep.在…之内inch n.英寸incident n.事件,事变include vt.包括,包含including prep.包括income n.收入increase n./v.增加,增长increasingly adv.日益,愈加incredible adj.难以置信的indeed adv.真正地independence n.独立,自主independent adj.独立的,自主的index n.索引,指数indicate vt.显示,预示individual n./adj.个人(的)industrial adj.工业的industry n.工业infect vt.传染,感染infection n.传染,感染inflation n.通货膨胀influence n./v.影响inform v.通知,告诉informal adj.非正式的information n.消息,情报initial adj.最初的,开始的initiative n.主动injure v.伤害injury n.伤害inner adj.内部的inquiry n.询问,调查insect n.昆虫inside prep.在…之内adj./adv.内部的(地)insist v.坚持,强调inspection n.检查,视察install vt.安装instance n.实例instant adj.立即的instead adv.代替,改为institute n.学院,协会institution n.机构,协会instruction n.指示,说明(书)instrument n.工具,器械insurance n.保险intellectual adj.智力的n.知识分子intelligence n.智力,聪明intelligent adj.聪明的intend vt.想要,打算intense adj.强烈的intention n.意图,目的interact vi.互相作用interaction n.交互作用interest v./n.(感)兴趣interested adj.感兴趣的interesting adj.有趣的internal adj.内在的,国内的international adj.国际的,internet n.因特网,国际互联网interrupt v.打断,中断interruption n.中断,打断10interview v./n.面试,采访into prep.到…里introduce vt.介绍,引进introduction n.介绍,引进invent v.发明invention n.发明,创造inventor n.发明者invest v.投(资) investigate v.调查,研究investigation n.调查,研究investment n.投资investor n.投资者invitation n.邀请invite v.邀请involve vt.包括,涉及Ireland n.爱尔兰Irish n.爱尔兰人,爱尔兰语adj.爱尔兰(人)的iron n.铁, 熨斗vt.烫平,熨island n.岛isolate vt.使隔离,使孤立issue n.发行,问题it pron.它IT abbr.信息技术item n.一则,一条its pron.它的itself pron.它本Jjacket n.短上衣,夹克jail n.监狱January n.一月Japan n.日本Japanese adj.日本(人)的,日语的n.日本人,日语jazz n.爵士乐jeans n.牛仔裤jewellery n.(=jewelry)珠宝job n.工作join v.加入,连接joint n.接合处,关节adj.联合的,连接的joke v./n.(开)玩笑journal n.期刊journalist n.新闻记者journey n.旅行,旅程joy n.欢乐,喜悦judge n.法官,裁判vt.判断,断定judgement n.审判,判断juice n.果汁July n.七月jump n./v.跳跃June n.六月junior n.年少者,下级adj.年少的,下级的just adj.公正的adv.正好,仅仅justice n.正义,公平justify v.证明…是正当Kkeen adj.热切的,敏锐的keep v.保持,保存key n.钥匙,答案,键keyboard n.键盘kick n./v.踢kid n.小孩v.哄骗,开玩笑kill v.杀死kilogram n.千克,公斤kilometer n.千米,公里kind adj.仁慈的,和蔼的king n.国王,君主kiss n./v.吻kitchen n.厨房knee n.膝盖knife n.刀knock v./n.击,敲打know v.知道,了解knowledge n.知识,学问Llabel v./n.(贴)标签laboratory n.实验室labour n.劳动,劳力lack v./n.缺乏, 没有ladder n.梯子,阶梯lady n.女士,夫人lake n.湖lamp n.灯land n.陆地v.上岸,登陆landlord n.房东,地主landscape n.风景,山水画lane n.小路,巷language n.语言laptop n.笔记本电脑large adj.巨大的largely adv.主要地,大量地last adj./adv.最后的(地)vi.持续,支持late adj.迟的,新近的adv.晚,迟,最近later adj.更迟的,更后的adv.稍后,随后latter adj.后面的,后者的laugh n./v.笑launch v./n.起飞,下水,开始law n.法律lawn n.草坪lawyer n.律师lay v.放置,产(卵)layer n.层lazy adj.懒惰的lead v.领导,引导leader n.领导者leadership n.领导能力(阶层)leading adj.领导的,最主要的leaf n.叶,树叶league n.同盟,社团lean v.倚靠,倾斜learn v.学会,认识到learning n.知识,学习least adj.最小的,最少的adv.最少,最小leather n.皮革leave vt.离开,剩下,遗忘lecture n./v.演讲left n./adj.左边(的)leg n.腿legal adj.法律的,合法的leisure n.空闲,闲暇lend v.借给,贷(款)length n.长度less adj.少的,小的adv.较少地,更小地lesson n.功课,教训let vt.允许,让letter n.字母,信函level n.水平,级别liberal adj.自由的,慷慨的library n.图书馆license n.许可证,执照lie v.说谎,躺n.谎话life n.生命,生活lift n.举起,电梯v.升高,提高light n.光,灯adj.轻的,明亮的,浅的lightning n.闪电like prep.象,如同adj.相似的,同样的v.喜欢likely adj./adv.很可能的(地)limit n./v.限制, 限定。
大学英语教材大一上学期
大学英语教材大一上学期大学英语教材是大学英语教学的重要工具，对于大一新生来说，学习英语教材是他们进入大学生活的第一步。
大一上学期的英语教材主要包括基础知识的学习和语言技能的培养，下面将对教材内容进行详细介绍。
第一单元是关于个人介绍的学习。
学生通过学习这一单元，掌握了基本的自我介绍的表达方式。
学生在课堂上进行了自我介绍的练习，提高了口语表达能力。
第二单元是关于日常生活的学习。
学生通过学习这一单元，学会了用英语描述日常生活中的活动和习惯。
通过课堂上的实践练习，学生的英语口语能力得到了进一步的提高。
第三单元是关于时间和日期的学习。
学生通过学习这一单元，学会了用英语表达时间和日期。
老师通过多种教学方法让学生熟练掌握了这一知识点，提高了学生的听说能力。
第四单元是关于购物的学习。
学生通过学习这一单元，学会了用英语进行购物交流。
学生在课堂上进行了模拟购物的练习，提高了他们的语言交际能力。
...第十六单元是关于环保的学习。
学生通过学习这一单元，掌握了基本的环境保护知识和表达方式。
通过分组讨论和展示，学生对环境保护问题有了更深入的了解。
第十七单元是关于电影的学习。
学生通过学习这一单元，学会了用英语描述电影的情节和评价。
学生在课堂上观看了电影，并进行了相关的讨论，提高了他们的听说能力。
第十八单元是关于旅游的学习。
学生通过学习这一单元，学会了用英语描述旅游的经历和感受。
通过老师的指导和学生之间的互动，学生在课堂上进行了模拟旅游的练习，提高了他们的语言应用能力。
通过上述内容的学习，大一新生在英语教材的引导下，逐渐掌握了基础的英语知识和语言技能。
教材内容丰富多样，既有基础知识的学习，又有实用交际技能的培养，学生在这一学期的学习中不仅提高了英语水平，也为今后的学习打下了坚实的基础。
总结起来，大学英语教材大一上学期的内容涵盖了个人介绍、日常生活、时间和日期、购物、食物、家庭、学校、交通、健康、职业、体育、媒体、科技、音乐、艺术、环保、电影和旅游等方面。
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Unit onePerform vt. 执行, 完成; 演出, 表演vi. 演出, 表演; 工作, 表现; 执行, 完成high-achieving a. 得高分的/lower-scoring a. 得分较低的Concentrate vi. direct all one's attention, etc. towards sth. 全神贯注；集中思想；专注；专心Interruption n. 打扰；干扰；中止；阻碍Ignore vt. take no notice of; refuse to pay attention to!! 不理；忽视Focus v. direct attention, etc. on sth. 集中注意力于某事情Assign vt. appoint to a job or duty 委派；指派Underachieving a. doing less well than was expected, esp. in school work 未能充分发挥学习潜力的；学习成绩不良的Athlete n. a person who is good at or who often does spors 运动员Recall vt. bring back to the mind; remember 回想（起）；记得memorise, -rize vt. learn and remember 记住；熟记Missing a. 缺失的，找不到的；失踪的，下落不明的Notebook n. small book for writing notes in 笔记本；记事本Folder n. 文件夹Assignment n. a duty or piece of work that is given to someone （指定的）作业；（分派的）任务Drawer n. 抽屉Essential n. (usu. pl.) sth. that is necessary or very important [常用复数] 必需品 a. (to, for) necessary; central 绝对必要的；非常重要的Essay 论说文；散文Draft n. 草稿；草案/vt. make a draft of 起草；草拟Due a. expected or supposed (to happen, arrive, etc.) 到期的；预定应到的*deadline n. 最后期限Schedule n. a timetable for things to be done 时间表；日程安排表Overtired a. 过度疲劳的Stretch vi. 舒展身体，伸懒腰Irrelevant a. 不相关的；不相干的/Relevant a. 相关的；相干的speed-reading n. 快速阅读perprep.for each 每；每一Content n. 1.(pl.) a list in a book saying what the book contains [复数] 目录2.the subject matter, esp. the ideas, of a book, speech, etc. 内容Retain vt. keep (possession of); avoid losing 保持；保留Revision n. 复习；修改Scan vt. look at quickly without careful reading 浏览，扫视Participation n. 参与；参加Participate vi. (in) to take part or have a share in an activity orevent 参与；参加Intellectual a. of intellect 知识的；智力的n. 知识分子Curiosity n. the desire to know or learn 好奇（心）；求知欲Economics n. 经济学Economy n. 经济（制度）market-drivena. 市场驱动的Graduate a. 研究生的vi. 毕业n. 有学位者，大学毕业生graduate student 研究生calculusn. 微积分Approach n. 方式；方法/v. come near or nearer to sb. or sth. 靠近；接近Solution n. 解决（办法）Phrases and Expressionsmake the most of/get the best use or greatest gain from 充分利用count for much/littlebe of much/little worth or importance 很有/ 没有多少价值或重要性not the whole story/only part of the story 不是全部情况/ 只是部分情况put inspend (time or money) 花费（时间或金钱）get (or lay) one's hands onfind; obtain 把…弄到手hand ingive (sth.) to sb. in charge by hand; send in 交上；提交keep ... togethercause to remain together 把…聚在一起cut down onreduce 减少stick to/keep to; not abandon or change 坚持；不放弃，不改变work wonders/do things that people did not think possible 创奇迹；产生奇妙作用go through/read from beginning to end; examine 从头至尾看；遍查lead to/have as a result; cause 导致；引起a couple oftwo; a few 两（个）；两三（个）write upwrite in a complete form 写出，写成put downwrite down 写下put away/put (sth.) in its proper place 把（某物）收藏在合适的地方time after time/gain and again; repeatedly 一再；屡次Unit twoconversationala. 会话的，交谈的conversation n. 谈话；会谈ballgame n. 球类活动gradually ad. 逐渐startle vt.使惊吓，使惊奇halt n. a stop or pause 停住，停止/v. stop （使）停住，（使）停止handle vt. deal with 处理，应付unconsciously ad. not consciously 无意识地，不知不觉地challenge vt. 向…挑战；对…质疑n. 挑战；质疑disagree vi. 有分歧，不同意response n. an answer; (an) action done in answer 回答；回应；反应original a. first; earliest 起初的；原来的bounce vi.（球）弹起，（球）反弹objection n. 反对，异议forth ad. forward; out 向前；向外responsible a. having the job or duty of looking after sb. or sth., so that one can be blamed if things go wrong 须负责的，有责任的bowling n. 保龄球relative a. having a particular quality when compared with sth. else 相对的，比较的n. 亲属；亲戚previous a. coming before in time or order 先前的，以前的junior a. 级别或地位较低的，年资较浅的；年少的，较年幼的bowl vt. 把（球）投向球瓶lane n. 球道；车道；胡同，小巷pin n. 球瓶；大头针，别针register vt. record 记录，登记suitable a. 合适的；适当的impatience n. 不耐烦；急躁*snatch vt. 抓住；夺，夺得alley n. 小巷，小街，胡同；球道bowler n. 投球手apart ad. into pieces 成碎片parallel a. running side by side but never getting nearer to or further away from each other 平行的，并列的switch vi. change 改变，转移Join in/take part in (an activity) 参加，参与come to a halt/stop 停住，停止；停顿even if/thoughin spite of the fact that; no matter whether 即使；尽管just as 正如；同样地back and forth 来回地，反复地and so on/and other things of this kind 等等knock down/make (sth.) fall by hitting or pushing it 击倒；撞倒fall apart/break; fall to pieces; end in failure 破裂；破碎；以失败告终call on /upon=formally ask (sb.) to do sth. 号召；请求refer to/mention; speak about 谈到，提及after all/when all is said or done 毕竟Unit threesunshine n. 阳光infant n. 婴儿musician n. 乐师，作曲家pray vi. 祈祷，祈求/spoon n. 匙，调羹faintlh ad. slightly; mildly 轻微地；微弱地resemble vt. look or be like 像，类似drum n. 鼓tire v. （使）感到疲劳；（使）厌倦，（使）厌烦harmonica n. 口琴/amaze vt. 使惊奇；使惊羡*porch n. （建筑物前有顶的）门廊，入口处apartment n. 公寓大楼；一套公寓房间clap vi. applaud 拍手miracle n. 奇迹promptly ad. immediately and without any delay 迅速地，及时地audition n. （对志愿艺人等的）面试（指试读、试唱、试奏等）congratulate vt. 祝贺/youngster n. 年轻人；男孩talent n. 1. a special ability or skill 天才，天资；超常智能 2. people of such ability 人才decade n. 十年（期）*dart vi. move suddenly and quickly 猛冲，飞奔instrument n. 乐器；仪器；器具；器械ease n. 1. freedom from difficulty 容易 2. freedom from discomfort, pain or worry 安适；悠闲；无痛苦；无忧虑fingertip n. the end of a finger 指尖smash n. 轰动的演出，巨大的成功/v. (cause to) break into pieces violently 打碎，粉碎adulthood n. 成年/aspect n. 方面/career n.职业；生涯formula n. 公式，程式；准则，方案/explore v. 探索；探测；勘探gospel n. (= gospel music) 福音音乐（美国黑人的一种宗教音乐，具有爵士音乐和美国黑人伤感歌曲色彩）jazz n. 爵士音乐/rhythm n. 节奏；韵律*album n. 1. a long-playing record with several items by the same performer (同一表演者的)集锦密纹唱片 2. a book with blank pages for stamps, photographs, etc. 集邮册，相册mature a. 充分发育的；（智力或体力）成熟的independent a. 独立的，自主的tragedy n. 1. a terrible event that causes great sadness 惨事，灾变2. a serious play with a sad ending 悲剧involve vt. 使陷入，使卷入；牵扯，连累coma n. 昏迷musical a. of or for music 音乐的genius n. 天才；创造能力；天才人物conquer vt. gain control over (sth. unfriendly or difficult) 征服；克服（困难等）performance n. 演出，表演，演奏reevaluate vt. 重新评价goal n. 1. an end; objective 目的；目标 2.（足球等的）球门；得分进球hunger n. state of not having enough to eat; lack of food 饥饿urge vt. 力劝；恳求；敦促/racial a. 种族的；由种族引起的harmony n. 和睦，融洽，一致/apartheid n. （南非的）种族隔离fame n.名声，名望/activity n. 活动；行动break into =begin suddenly (to cry, sing, laugh, etc.) 突然（哭、唱、笑）起来bring up =take care of during infancy and childhood; nurse and educate 抚养；养育as far as =to the degree that 就…；尽…；至于get tired of =be no longer interested in 厌倦，厌烦wear out =make useless by use 把…用坏；把…穿破with ease =without difficulty 容易地，无困难地grow into =become gradually with the passage of time 成长的congratulate oneself on /that ... 因…而暗自庆幸Unit fourWashwoman n. 洗衣妇wrinkled a. 有皱纹的*wrinkle vi. (esp. of the skin) form into lines, folds, etc. 起皱纹n. 皱纹Jewish a. of the Jews 犹太人的sickly a. often ill 常病的possess vt. own, have 拥有，具有generation n. a single stage or step in family descent 代，一代for(e)bear n. [常用复数] 祖先bundle n. 捆，束，包laundry n. 1. 付洗衣物；已洗好的衣物 2. 洗衣房，洗衣店accumulate vi. gradually increase in numbers or amount until there is a large quantity in one place 积累，积聚launder vi. 洗熨衣物pump n. 泵，抽（水）机attic n. 阁楼；顶楼clothesline n. 晾衣绳endure vt. suffer, undergo (pain, hardship, etc.) 忍受（痛苦、困难等），耐住penniless a. 身无分文的*bless vt. (with) 使具有，使有权得到bear(bore, borne) vt. take (responsibility, etc.) on oneself 承担（责任等）wedding n. 婚礼bride n. 新娘altar n. （教堂内的）圣坛，祭坛kitchen n. 厨房，灶间teapot n. 茶壶fingernail n. 指甲stubbornness n. 倔强；顽强*stubborn a. 1. 顽固的, 倔强的 2. 顽强的, 坚持的*stagger vi. 摇晃着移动; 蹒跚n. 摇晃不稳的动作; 蹒跚*catastrophe n. 灾难，灾祸，大祸collapse vi. （健康等）垮掉；倒坍premonition n. 预感*mourn vi. (for, over) feel and/or show grief, esp. for the death of someone; be sorrowful（尤指对某人的亡故）感到悲痛；哀悼faithfully ad. 1. with faith 忠实地 2. exactly 如实地；确切地faithful a. 1. loyal and true (to sb., to a cause, etc.) 忠实的，忠诚的 2. true to the facts or to an original 如实的puff n. a sudden short rush of air, smoke, etc.（空气、烟雾等的）一阵，一股totter vi. walk with weak unsteady steps 蹒跚，踉跄*linen a. 亚麻（布）的n. 亚麻布（或线）；亚麻织品（床单、被单、桌布等utter vt. make (a sound); say 发出（声音）；说，讲half-choked a. 半哽住的*corpse n. 死尸，尸体unload vt. 1. have (a load) removed 卸（货）2. remove a load from (sth.) 从… 卸下货物vi. 卸货mumble v. speak (words) unclearly 含糊地说（话），咕哝sunken a. 下陷的；凹陷的recover vi. 痊愈，复原；恢复somewhat ad. 稍微，有点priest n. 牧师，神父inform vt. (of, about) tell, give information to 告诉，通知contribute vt. join with others in giving (money, help, etc.) 捐（款），贡献，提供（帮助）coffin n. 棺材resume vt. begin (sth. or doing sth.) again after a pause （中断后）重新开始，继续*mutter vt. 轻声含糊地说load n. 一包（洗的衣物）；负荷，负载vt. 装（货或人）；把货物（或人）装上（车、船、飞机等）property n. 财产；所有物fulfil,-fill vt. do or perform (a duty, task, etc.) 履行，完成*undertake(undertook，undertaken) vt. a 承担lean on=rest in a sloping position on for support 靠在…上，倚在…上count out=count one by one 逐一数出be blessed with=be fortunate in having 有幸得到，具有take place 举行，进行；发生，产生a (good /great) deal of=quite a lot of 大量speak of =suggest the idea of; show clearly that sth. happened or that it exists 显示；表明at (the) most=not more than (the stated amount) 至多hear of=receive news about (sb. or sth.) 获知…的消息，听到…的消息stand /be on one's feet 站起；（病后）恢复健康with the help of 在… 的帮助下God forbid!=May it not happen! 上天不容！Unit five*energetic a. full of energy 精力旺盛的，充满活力的hiker n. a person who travels about the country, esp. on foot 徒步旅行者content a.满意的；满足的leisurely a. relaxed; without hurrying 从容的；不慌不忙的arise(arose,arisen) vi. happen; appear 出现；呈现tradition n. 传统unique a. 独特的，独一无二的individual n. a person 个人；个体a. single; separate 个人的；个别的；单独的painter n. 画家*gamble n. a赌博v. play cards or other games for money 赌博；打赌snobbish a. 势利的spin(spun) vt. turn round and round fast 使旋转blonda. 1. (of hair) light-coloured （头发）金黄色的；2.（人）白肤金发碧眼的refined a. 文雅的，优美的nephew n. 侄，甥give way=yield 让步，屈服take the middle course=take a course of action which is a compromise between two extremes 采取折中办法be on one's feet=be standing or walking 站立着go off=leave; set off 离开；出发have ... in mind 想到，考虑到；记得call at=make a short visit at 短访，访问name after=give sb. the same name as 以…的名字（为…）取名with a high /low /good /bad opinion of=thinking well /badly of 对…评价高/ 低（好/ 不好）sort out=separate from a large group; put in good order; set straight, make clear 拣出；整理；弄清楚Unit sixNerd n. [俚语] 讨厌鬼；呆子geek n. [俚语] 1. 反常的人, 畸形人 2.“野人”（街头演出队的杂耍演员，其表演通常有咬下活鸡头或活蛇头等怪招）system n. 1. a group of related parts working together 体系，系统 2. an ordered set of ideas, methods, or ways of working 制度，体制term n.（有特定意义的）词，词语；术语date n. （尤指男女间的）约会；（异性的）约会对象shock vt. cause unpleasant or angry surprise to (sb.) 使震惊n. 震惊bite(bit, bitten) v. cut into with the teeth 咬reveal vt. 揭示，揭露；暴露；（上帝）启示*dedicate vt. 献（身），把（时间、精力等）用于*pursuit n. the act of looking for or trying to find sth. 追求，寻求freak n. a person who is abnormal in appearance, behavior, or ideas 怪人*prestigious a. 有威望的，有声望的，受尊敬的educational a. 教育的；有教育意义的institution n. （教育、慈善、宗教性质的）社会公共机构anti-intellectualism n. 反对（或敌视）知识分子的行为；反理性知识主义admit vt. 承认（事实、错误等）undergraduate n.（尚未取得学位的）大学生，大学本科生pursue vt. make continual efforts to gain (sth.) 追求，寻求elementary a. 初级的，基础的prefer vt. 宁可，宁愿（选择）；更喜欢airplane n. 飞机idle vt. waste time doing nothing 虚度 a. not working; lazy 空间的，闲着的；懒散的social a. 社会的；社交的，交际的outcast n. a person driven out from home or society 被遗弃者，被逐出者intelligence n. (good) ability to learn and understand 智力，理解力refusal n. 拒绝*conform vi. (to) follow generally accepted rules, standards, etc.; comply 遵照；顺从anti-intellectual a. 反对知识分子的；反知识的*deprive vt. (of) take away from; prevent from using or enjoying 夺去，剥夺；使丧失adequate a. 足够的acquire vt.取得，获得；学到，习得*tease v 取笑，戏弄industrialize v. （使）工业化economica. 经济（学）的rival n. 竞争者，对手professorship n. 教授职位materially ad. 物质上rewarding a. 值得做的；报酬丰厚的average a. of the usual or ordinary kind 平常的professional a. doing for money what others do for enjoyment 职业性的，非业余的baseball n. 棒球（运动）compete vi. 竞争world-class a. among the best in the world 世界级的；世界一流水平的academic a. （高等）教学的；学术的afloata. 1. out of difficulties or debt（在经济上）应付裕如的 2. 浮在水上的largelyad. 1. to a great degree 主要地2. in great quantity 大量地import vt.进口，输入n. (usu.pl.) goods imported [常用复数] 进口商品abroad ad. to or in another country 到国外，在国外major a. 较大的，较多的，较重要的portion n. a part or share of sth. larger 一部分，一份cultivate vt. improve or develop by careful attention, training, or study 培养，培育pro-intellectual a. 有利于知识分子的；促进理性知识的impoverished a. very poor 穷困的adapt vi. 适应vt. 使适应，使适合educate vt. teach; train the character or mind of 教育；培养，训练workforce n. 劳动大军，劳动力innovative a. 革新的；富有革新精神的intelligent a. 聪明的，睿智的leadership n. a group of people who lead 领导层extent n. degree 程度，限度insult vt. 侮辱n. remark or action that insults 侮辱bite off=cut off with the teeth 咬掉be dedicated to be devoted to 致力于，献身于look down upon /on=have or show a low opinion of 看不起，轻视idle away=waste (time) lazily 浪费（时间）conform to=be in agreement with; comply with 遵照；符合be deprived of=被夺去；被剥夺not least of all=particularly 尤其be held up as=be shown or offered as 被推举为；被展示为instead of=in place of 代替；而不是lie with=应由…（承担责任）；（作出决定等）得靠…adapt to=change so as to be or make suitable for 适应do away with=abolish; cause to end 废除；去掉stand a chance=have the possibility of achieving sth. 有希望的；有可能Unit sevendead-eye a. 神射手的grader n. （美）（中小学的）…年级学生ignorant a. (of, about) knowing little or nothing 无知的wisdom n. 1. 看法，意见 2. 智慧spoil vt. 1. 损坏；糟蹋 2. 庞坏，溺爱*nasty a. 凶恶的chase vt. 追赶，追逐deplore vt. 哀叹，对…深感遗憾whereas conj.although; while 虽然；而view vt. consider; regard; think about 看待；考虑liberal a. willing to respect the ideas and feelings of others 开明的gulp vi. 喘不过气，哽住follow-up n. 紧接着的问题；后续事物bungle vt. do sth. badly 把…搞糟mess n. a state of disorder or confusion 凌乱，一团糟dimension n. characteristic; quality 特点，特性pet n. 1.得宠的人，宠儿 2.爱畜，宠物merely ad. only and nothing else 仅仅，只不过presence n. the fact or state of being present 存在；出席；到场derivative a. derived from sth. else; not original 被引申出的；派生的；缺乏独创性的；第二手的buddy n. a friend 好朋友，伙伴tentatively ad. hesitantly 犹豫地，迟疑不决地venture vt. take the risk of saying (sth. that may be opposed or considered foolish) 大胆说，不揣冒昧说出confident a. feeling or showing trust in oneself or one's ability 自信的；有信心的impulsively ad. 一时冲动地hunk n.（一）大片，（一）厚块gum n. 橡胶，口香糖eraser n. 橡皮；黑板擦gum eraser 橡皮*gasp vi. 急促地吸气，倒抽一口气creep(crept) vi. 爬行，匍匐潜行roar vi. laugh long and loudly; laugh in a noisy way 大笑，狂笑ice breaker n. 破冰船；打破僵局的东西，使气氛开始活跃的言行afterward(s) ad. later; after that 后来；以后*legend n. 传奇故事；传说battle one's way 一路奋战move in=begin to live in a new place 迁入，搬进come of=result from 产生；是…的结果ease in （小心翼翼地）使逐步适应go at=rush at 向…冲来among other things 除了别的以外；其中clean up=make clean or tidy 把…打扫干净；清理day after day=continuously 日复一日地by chance=by accident, accidentally 偶然，碰巧Unit eightforeword n. 序言，前言incredible a. unbelievable; extraordinary 难以置信的；了不起的sophomore n. （中学、大学）二年级学生pore vi. (over) study with close attention 专心阅读；钻研description n. 描写，描述kit n. 配套元件*compute v. calculate ( a result, answer, sum, etc.) esp. with a computer（尤指用计算机）计算barely ad. only just; hardly 仅仅；几乎不upcoming a. about to happen 即将来临的PC (abbr.) personal computer 个人计算机reliable a. that can be relied on; dependable 可靠的; 确实的territory n. (an area of) land, esp. ruled by one government 领土*creation n. the act or process of creating sth. 创造; 创作evolution n. 1. the gradual change and development 演变，发展 2. 进化（论）evolve vt. 演化，发展，逐步形成；进化application n. 1. (an instance of) putting to practical use 应用，运用 2. a computer software program 应用软件程序on-line a. 联机的，联线的Internet n. 因特网，国际互联网connection n. 连接，连结；联系，关系electronic a. 电子的multimedia n.& a. 多媒体（的）title n. （多媒体）题标；标题；题目author vt. 写作；创造n. 作者foundation n. 基础infancy n. 婴儿期；幼儿期；初期attract vt. cause to like, admire, notice, or turn towards; arouse (interest, etc.); prompt 引起…的注意（或兴趣等），吸引；引起（兴趣等）；激起possibility n. 1. (often pi.) power of developing, growing, or being used or useful in the future [常用复数] 发展前途，潜在价值 2. the state of being possible; likelihood 可能；可能性so-called a. 所谓的，号称的endless a. without end, or seeming to be without end（似乎）无穷尽的；没完没了的conference n. a meeting for discussion 会议，讨论会confine vt. (to) restrict or keep within certain limits 限制，使局限speculate vi. 猜测；投机amount n. 量，数量；总数，总额misunderstanding n. 误解，曲解misunderstand v. 误解，误会delivery n. 传送；投递；运载*simultaneous a. 同时发生的，同时进行的channel n. 频道；水道；海create vt. cause (sth. new) to exist; produce (sth. new) 创造；创作unforeseen a. 未预见到的；意料之外的crucial a. (to, for) of deciding importance 决定性的；至关重要的technologist n. an expert in technology 技术专家contribution n. 捐款；捐献；贡献debate n. a formal argument or discussion（就…）进行辩论v. have a debate about; take part in a debate 辩论；讨论purpose n.目的；意图acceptancen. 接受*forthcoming a. 即将到来的，即将出现的misgiving n. [复数] 疑虑，担忧prediction n. 预言gimmick n. （骗人的）玩意儿*commissioner n. （政府厅、局、处等部门的）长官；委员；专员*patent n. 专利；专利权*abolish vt. put an end to, do away with 取消，废除humorous a. 幽默的；滑稽的；富有幽默感的autobiography n. 自传treatise n. 专著；（专题）论文retire vi. 退休，退职primarily ad. mainly; chiefly 主要地；首要地technological a. of or related to technology 技术的；工艺（学）的implication n. 含意，暗示process n. 过程；进程estimate vt. 估计，估量n. 估计project vt. make plans for 设计，规划n. 规划，计划；（工程）项目chapter n. （书的）章，回equivalent n. sth. that is equal in meaning, amount, value 相等物；等值物；等量物a. 相等的；等值的；等量的complicated a. very difficult to understand 复杂的；难解的；难懂的stimulate vt. excite (the body or mind), encourage 刺激；激发；促使advantage n. 有利条件，优势；好处；利益communicate with=share or exchange opinions, news, information, etc. with 与…交流arise from=result from 由… 产生，由… 引起bring about=cause to happen 带来，造成go on=take place or happen 发生go beyond=exceed 超过；越过tall order=a task difficult to perform 难以完成的任务，过高要求get around to /get round to=find time for (sth. or doing sth.) 抽出时间去做look to=give one's attention to 展望ahead of schedule=before the planned or expected time 提前run into 1. meet (difficulties, etc.) 遭遇（困难等）2. meet by chance 偶然碰见，撞见take advantage of=make use of 利用Unit ninehothouse n. 温室headline n. 1. a newspaper heading（报刊的）大字标题 2. (pl.) [复数] 新闻提要*polar a. of or near the North or South pole 极地的；近极地的issue vt. bring out (esp. sth. printed and /or official) for the notice of the public 发布，发行n. 1. the supply or release of items for use or sale 发给；发行2. an important topic for discussion or argument（有争议的）重大问题，议题severe a. 1. very bad, serious 严重的 2. 严格的；严厉的climate n. 气候*greenhouse n. 温室，暖房gradual a. 逐渐的，逐步的carbon n. 碳dioxide n. 二氧化物*fossil a. 化石的n. 化石fuel n. 燃料v. supply sth. or be supplied with fuel （向…）供燃料；（给…）加油global a. 1. 全球的，世界的 2. 总括的，综合的Fahrenheit a. 华氏（温度计）的pattern n. 型式，模式annual a. 1. 每年的；年度的 2. 一年一次的rainfall n. （降）雨量swell v. （使）上涨；（使）增长forecast n. 预测，预报vt. 预测，预报considerable a. 相当多的，相当大的；相当重要的synthetic a. not naturally produced; artificial 合成的；人造的release vt. 1. allow (sth.) to fly, fall, etc. freely 排放，放出2. set free; allow to go 释放；解odo(u)rless a. 无臭的odo(u)r n. 气味；香气；臭气profoundly ad. deeply 深深地*profound a. 1. deep; intense 深（度）的；极度的 2. 深奥的；造诣深的visible a. 1. 可见的，看得见的 2. noticeable to the mind 明显的，显然的*radiate vt. 发射（光、热等）vi. 辐射，散发wavelength n. 波长infrared a. 红外线的；红外区的absorb vt. 1. take in 吸收（水、热、光等） 2. 吸引（注意），使专注Swedish a. 瑞典（人）的phenomenon (pi. phenomena) n. 现象dip n. 1. 下降 2. 浸；蘸argue v. 论证；认定nevertheless ad. in spite of that; however 然而，不过accumulationn. 积累，积聚*drought n. 长期干旱，旱灾fertile a. 1. 肥沃的，富饶的 2. 多产的，丰产的likewise ad. 1. also; in addition 也，又 2. in the same way; similarly 同样地glacier n. 冰河，冰川substantially ad. 1.到相当程度；大量地 2. 基本上substantial a. 1.大量的 2. concerning the most important part or meaning 基本的；大体上low-lying a. 低洼的community n. 1.（由同住一地区或一国的人所构成的）社会；社区 2. 团体；界irreversible a. 不可逆转的maintain vt. 1.坚称；断言 2. keep up; retain 维持；保持*diminish v. (cause to) become less （使）缩减；（使）变小；减少nuclear a. 核子的；原子能的threat n. 威胁mild a. 1. not serious or harsh 轻微的，不严重的 2. (of people or their behaviour) gentle and kind 温和的；温柔的comparison n. 比较，对照temporary a. lasting for a limited time only 暂时的，临时的*minimize, -ise vt. 1. reduce the true value or importance of (sth.) 把…作最低估计2. reduce (sth.) to the smallest amount or degree 使减到最少，使缩至最小harsh a. severe; stern 严酷的；严厉的runaway a. 失控的account vi. (for) explain the cause of 说明…的原因，解释n. 报道；叙述shroud vt. 遮蔽；笼罩cloud-shrouded a. 被云笼罩的tackle vt. try to deal with 着手处理，对付revise vt. change (sth.) in order to correct or improve it 修改，修正dyke, dike n. 堤，坝reservoir n. 水库，蓄水池thermometer n. 温度计，寒暑表definite a. clear, sure and fixed 确切的，确定的era n. 1. 时代；年代 2 . 纪元warn of /about=give warning or advice concerning (sth. such as a danger) 就…提出警告result from=be the result of; happen because of 缘于，发自dry up=(cause to) become completely dry （使）干涸warn against=advise (sb.) to avoid 警告（…）不要，提醒（…）提防on the rise=在增长；在上涨in the form of=以…的形式heat up=become warm or hot 变暖，变热pass through 穿越；经过hold in 把…控制住shut in= keep or hold by closing 围住；笼罩due to=caused by 由于ups and downs 起伏worst of all 最糟糕的是by comparison when compared 比较起来even so = though that is true 尽管如此explain away = account for; give an excuse for 解释；为…辩解keep an eye open for= watch for; be careful to notice 严密注视；留心看着Unit tencloning n. 克隆，无性繁殖surgery n. 手术；外科overseas a.（在）海外的；外国的ad. 向海外；在海外meanwhile ad. during the same period of time 同时golf n. 高尔夫球far-fetched a. 不大可能的；牵强的lamb n. a young sheep; the meat of a young sheep 羔羊；羔羊肉gene n. 基因identical a. 1. (with, to) exactly alike 一模一样的a. 2. the same 同一的 3. 同卵的twin n. 孪生儿之一；[复数] 双胞胎 a. 孪生的；成双的identical twins [复数] 同卵双生胎；全等双生胎embryologist n. 胚胎学家*medication n. 1. medicine used to cure illness 药物 2. 药物治疗*disclose vt. 1. make known 透露；使公开 2. show by uncovering 使显露*clone vt. 克隆，（无性繁殖）复制accomplishment n. a remarkable achievement 成就；造诣*trigger vt. (off) start (a chain of events) 触发；激起n. 板机；引爆器unethical a. morally wrong 不道德的attempt n. an effort made to do sth. 企图，尝试vt. make an effort at; try 试图做cell n. 细胞embryo n. 胚胎transform vt. change completely in form, appearance or nature 彻底改变；将…转化specialized, -ised a. 1. fit for one particular purpose 专门的 2. 专化的；特化的specialize, -ise v. 1. 专化，特化 2.（in）专攻；专门研究muscle n. 肌肉implant vt. (in, into) fix deeply in the body or mind 植入；灌输fuse vt. 1. cause to melt in great heat 熔化 2. cause to join by melting 熔合female a. 女性的；雌的n. 女子；雌性动物rabbit n. 野兔；兔肉udder n. （母牛、母山羊的）乳房；乳腺contain vt. hold, have within itself 包含，容纳*genetica. 遗传的；基因的blueprint n. a photographic copy in white or blue paper 蓝图；计划exception n. 例外sperm n. 精液；精子organism n. 1. a living being 生物，有机体 2. a whole made of special parts 有机组织reprogram vt. l. 改编…的编码指令序列 2. 为…重新编程reproductive a. 生殖的；复制的*forge vi. 稳步前进activist n. 激进分子，积极分子tremendous a. very great in size, amount or degree 巨大的，极大的alter v. (cause to) become different 改变，（使）变样protein n. 蛋白质organ n. 1. a part of the body with a particular function 器官n. 2. 风琴；管风琴plentiful a. 充足的，丰富的donor n. l.（组织、器官等的）供体，供者 2.赠送人；捐赠者theoretically ad. according to theory 理论上panel n. 1. a small group of people chosen to do sth. 专门小组 2. 镶板；嵌板co-star vt. 使联袂主演fertility n. 繁殖力；肥沃specialist n. expert 专家*conceive vt. 1. become pregnant (with a child) 怀（孕）；受（孕） 2. 构想；设想fatal a. 1. 致命的 2. very dangerous and unfortunate 毁灭性的；不幸的marrow n. 髓，骨髓bonemarrow n. 骨髓donation n. 捐赠；捐赠物offensive a. causing offense; unpleasant 冒犯的；使人难受的outlaw vt. declare unlawful 宣布…为非法n. criminal 歹徒；逃犯ethicist n. 伦理学家meantime n. 其间，其时impose vt. (on, upon) 1. force the acceptance of 把…强加于 2. establish (an additional payment) officially 征（税）ban n. (on) an order to forbid sth. 禁令；禁止vt. forbid by law 禁止；取缔federal a. l. [F-]（美国）联邦政府的 2. 联盟的；联邦的*ethics n. 伦理学；道德学flunk vt. fail (an examination or course) 通不过（考试等）off-key a. 走调的，不和谐的opponent n. 反对者；对手；敌手mink n. 水貂；水貂毛皮for the first time 第一次，破天荒in other words =expressing the same meaning in another way 换句话说on one's way to ==moving towards 接近，将要to much surprise 令人大为惊异的是in theory 理论上give birth to =produce 产（仔）；生（孩子）jump in =join in with vigor or eagerness （踊跃或热切地）加入up in arms =angry (about sth.) and protesting strongly 极力反对draw the line at =refuse to do or accept 拒绝做；拒绝接受set up =found or establish 设立，建立in the meantime =in the period of time between two events 在此期间，与此同时start out =begin 开始object to =be against 反对。