国际关系学院考研翻译硕士英语真题2013
国际关系学院《357英语翻译基础》[专业硕士]历年考研真题详解专业课考试试题
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目 录
2011年国际关系学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
2012年国际关系学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
2013年国际关系学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
2014年国际关系学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
2015年国际关系学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
2016年国际关系学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
2011年国际关系学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解一、词语翻译：英译汉（每题1分，总共15分) 1．European monetary integration
【答案】欧洲货币整合
2．fuel economic growth
【答案】拉动经济增长
3．junk bond
【答案】垃圾债券
4．caller ID telephone
【答案】来电显示
5．parkinsonism
【答案】帕金森
6．solar cell plate
【答案】太阳能电池板
7．open-ended fund
【答案】开放型基金
8．Gall up Poll
【答案】盖洛普民意测验
9．conditions-based withdrawal
【答案】有条件撤军。
2013翻译硕士MTI各校真题汇总
2013翻译硕士MTI各校真题汇总2013翻译硕士各校真题汇总2013考研已经过去，各种尘埃即将落定。
先把各个学校的真题回忆版本汇总给后来人一个复习方向。
也算给考研生活画上一个圆满的句号。
感谢网友的及时回忆，谢谢给位的奉献。
欢迎补充！愿各位取的好成绩！1、2013复旦大学MTI专业课真题回忆版基础英语。
今年的基础英语稍微有些变化，第一题仍然是无选项完型，20个空，第二题是改错，和第一题是属于一篇文章的，二十行二十个错误，第三题是词汇和语法，词汇题比去年增加了不少，第四题是阅读理解四篇一共15个小题，最后一篇稍微有些深度，上来第一句是boresom 其实是讲现代社会摧毁理性和真理的。
然后作文25分就最后一篇阅读理解发表一下自己的看法。
翻译。
背了一堆翻译词汇今年竟然一个词汇翻译都没有，就一个汉译英70分与一个英译汉80分。
英译汉是一篇医学文章，里面什么胆囊啊肠啊的生词一大堆。
汉译英是文言文啊亲，我旦不学好啊，跟着北大学考文言文额。
原文如下：世有三乐，真乐也。
一曰人伦之乐，二曰心地之乐，三曰讲习之乐。
孟子曰：“父母俱存，兄弟无故，一乐也。
”此人伦之乐也；“仰不愧于天，俯不怍于人，二乐也。
”此心地之乐也；“得天下英才而教育之，三乐也。
”此讲习之乐也。
人伦之乐自父母兄弟之外，妻室欲其同甘苦，子孙欲其师教，宗族欲其和睦，女之适人者欲其得所归结，自人伦而推之，有一败人意则非乐也。
心地之乐岂止俯仰无愧怍而已，其道德必与圣贤合、与天地并，可也；道德未同乎圣贤、未同乎天地，不可以已也。
讲习之乐何止于得英才而教育，凡学问德行之有胜乎吾者，吾方且师之，虽受人之教育亦乐矣。
此三者，天下之真乐。
不此之乐，而以外物为乐，乐未一二，而忧已八九。
世俗以为乐，识者不贵也。
百科知识中国四大发明，欧债危机，金砖四国，莫言，生态难民，莎士比亚，君主立宪制，euro tunnel，thedeclaration of independence，DNA，伦敦奥运会，秦始皇陵兵马俑，论语，大中华文库，Encyclopedia Britannica，a nation on wheels，还有一个masps 还是什么的这个不知道，数了数17个还有8个想不起来了，这个是一个2分，一共五十分。
2013年外交学院国际关系考研真题及答案分析
3,对国际组织和国际法的看法不同.理想主义强调国际组织和国际法的重要性,视之为维护国际关系秩序的唯一有效工具,认为国际法和国际组织秩序代表了全人类的真正利益;现实主义认为，法律与政治相比并不是道德些,离开权力均势,国际组织体系也常常名存实亡.4,对社会和世界的看法不同.理想主义强调研究社会和世界应该如何,对客观世界抱盲目乐观态度;现实主义信奉实证原则,强调人类应该面对争斗事实,不可陷入和谐的空想,.5,对未来的看法不同。
理想主义崇尚利他主义,认为未来的目标是实现普遍裁军和建立民主的世界政府,但在如何实现这一目标上束手无策,总之持一种乐观态度;现实主义认为利他主义是一种空想，历史的悲剧正是来自人的权欲与野心，未来的目标无论多么美好,由于受到这种利己主义的局限,只能部分的实现，总之持悲观态度.6,国家的目标不同.理想主义认为国家的目标很多，诸如安全,经济发展，人权,正义;现实主义认为国家的目标就是生存和安全.7,军事力量的作用不同.理想主义认为军事力量的作用有限，而现实主义认为非常重要.8,道德作用的不同。
理想主义认为非常重要,而现实主义认为无关紧要.9,国家战略不同.理想主义是集体安全,现实主义是自助和结盟.10,关于系统变迁。
理想主义认为会逐渐摆脱现实主义,而现实主义则认为系统变迁不会发生. 第一次论战后,现实主义开始确立起主导地位.现实主义对理想主义的批判在国际关系学科内澄清了实然与应然的关系问题,划清了学术研究与道德伦理研究的范畴，为国际关系学科趋向"科学化"和成为独立学科奠定了基础.第四讲：新现实主义（结构现实主义）Neorealism新现实主义学派是第二次论战的延伸和演变的产物，它是以传统现实主义为基础，力求对其进行科学的修正和发展，主张在方法论上实现传统主义学派和科学行为主义学派的渗透与融合。
１９７９年肯尼斯。
华尔兹《国际政治理论》一书的出版标志着新现实主义的兴起。
2013年英语二真题和参考解析(专硕)
2013年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）（科目代码：204）☆考生注意事项☆1.答题前，考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名；在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号,并涂写考生编号信息点。
2.考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下，粘贴在答题卡的“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中。
不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的，责任由考生自负。
3.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上，非选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。
超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。
4.填（书）写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚；涂写部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。
5.考试结束，将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。
（以下信息考生必须认真填写）考生编号考生姓名2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the followin g text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Given the advanta g es of electronic mone y, y ou mi g ht think that we would move quickl y to the cashless societ y in which all payments are made electronicall y. 1 , a true cashless societ y is probabl y not around the comer. Indeed, predictions have been 2 for two decades but have not y et come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment would soon "revolutionize the very 3 of mone y itself," onl y to 4 itself several y ears later. Wh y has the movement to a cashless society been so 5 in comin g?Althou g h electronic means of payment ma y be more efficient than a payments s y stem based on paper, several factors work 6 the disappearance of the paper s y stem. First, it is very 7 to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic mone y the义form of pa y ment. Second, paper checks have the advanta g e that they 9 receipts, somethin g that many consumers are unwillin g to 10 . Third, the use of paper checks g ives consumers several da y s of "float"it takes several da y s 11 a check is cashed and funds are 12 from the issuer's account, which means that the writer of the check can earn interest on the funds in the meantime. 13 electronic pa y ments arc in皿ediate,the y eliminate the float for the consumer.Fourth, electronic means of pa y ment ma y 14 security and privac y concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information 15 there. The fact that this is not an_l_Q occurrence means that dishonest persons mi g ht be able to access bank accounts in electronic pa y ments s y stems and 17 from someone else's accounts. The 18 of this type of fraud is no eas y task, and a new field of computer science is developin g to」..2.securit y issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic 20 that contains a lar g e amount of personal data. There are concerns that g overnment, emplo y ers, and marketers mi g ht be able to access these data, thereb y violatin g our privac y.1.[A] Moreover[B]However[C]Therefore[D]O therwise2.[A] off[B]back[C]over[D]around3.[A] power[B]conce pt[C]histo ry[D]role4.[A] reverse[B]resist[C]resume[D]reward5.[A] silent[B]sudden[C]slow[D]stead y6.[A] for[B]again st[C]with[D]on7.[A] expensive[B]imaginative [C] sensitive[D]productive8.[A] similar[B]ori gin al[ C]tem porary[D]dominant9.[A] collect[B]copy[C]provi de[D]print10.[A] give up[B]take over[ C]bring back[D]pass down11.[A] before[B]after[C]since[D]when12.[A] kept[B]borrowed[C]withdrawn[D]released13.[A] Unless[B]Because[C]Until[D]Thou gh14.[A] hide[B]express[C]ease[D]raise15.[A] analyzed[B]shared[C]stored[D]dis playe d16.[A] unsafe[B]unnatural[C]unclear[D]uncommon17.[A] steal[B]choose[C]benefit[D]return18.[A] consideration [B] prevention[C]manipulation[D]j ustification19.[A] call for20.[A] chunkPart A Directions:[B]fig ht against [ C] adapt to[B]chip[C]trail[D]cope w ith[D]path Section II Reading ComprehensionRead the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1In an essa y entitled "Making It in America," the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill has onl y two emplo y ees toda y, "a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man awa y from the machines."D avidson's article is one of a number of pieces that have recentl y appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornl y high unemployment and declining middle-class incomes toda y is largel y because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidl y than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign workers.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job, could earn an average lifest y le. But, today, average is officiall y over. Being average just won't earn ou what it used to. It can't when so man y more emplo y ers have so much more yaccess to so much more above average cheap foreign labor, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of emplo y ment.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and alwa y s will. But there's been an acceleration. As D avidson notes, "In the 10 y ears ending in 2009, [U.S.] factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70ears; roughl y one out of every three manufacturing jobs about 6 million in ytotal disappeared."There will alwa y s be change new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the I. T. revolution, the best jobs will require workers to have more and better education to make themselves above average.In a world where average is officiall y over, there are many things we need to do to support employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of G. I. Bill for the 2l8t century that ensures that every American has access to posthigh school education.21.The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate.[A]the impact of technological advances[B]the alleviation of j ob pressure[C]the shrinkage of textile mills[D]the declme of middle-class mcomes22.According to Paragraph 3, to be a successful employee, one has to.[A]work on cheap software[B]ask for a moderate salary[C]adopt an average lifestyle[D]contribute something unique23.The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that.[A]gains of technology have been erased[B]job opportunities are disappearing at a high speed[C]factories are making much less money than before[D]new jobs and services have been offered24.According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is[A]to accelerate the I. T. revolution[B]to ensure more education for people[C]to advance economic globalization[D]to pass more bills in the 21st century25.Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the text?[A]New Law Takes Effect.[B]Technology Goes Cheap.[C]Average Is Over.[D]Recession Is Bad.Text2A century a g o, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Alon g with the many folks lookin g to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and who would make some money and then g o home. Between 1908 and 1915, about 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immi g rants, for example, eventually returned to Italy for g ood. They even had an affectionate nickname, "uccelli di passa gg io," birds of passa g e.Today, we are much more ri g id about immigrants. We divide newcomers into two cate g ories: le g al or ille g al, g ood or bad. We hail them as Americans in the makin g, or brand them as aliens to be kicked out. That framework has contributed mi g htily to our broken immigration system and the lon g political paralysis over how to fix it. We don't need more cate g ories, but we need to chan g e the way we think about cate g ories. We need to look beyond strict definitions of le g al and ille g al. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passa g e, those livin g and thrivin g in the gray areas. We mi g ht then be g in to solve our immigration challen g es.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, en g ineers, home health-care aides and physicists are amon g today's birds of passa g e. They are ener g etic participants in a g lobal economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas. They prefer to come and g o as opportunity calls them. They can mana g e to have a job in one place and a family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to ima g ine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committin g themselves to stayin g forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belon g to two nations honorably.Accommodatin g this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle. Lookin g beyond the culture war lo g ic of ri g ht or wron g means openin g up the middle ground and understandin g that mana g in g immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes, includin g some that are not easy to accomplish le g ally in the existin g system.26."Birds of passage" refers to those who.[A]stay in a foreign country temporarily[B]leave their home countries for good[C]immigrate across the Atlantic[D]find permanent jobs overseas27.It is i mp lied in Paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the US[A]needs new immigrant categories[B]has loosened control over immigrants[C]should be adapted to meet challenges[D]has been fixed via political means28.According to the author, today's birds of p assage want.[A]financial incentives[B]a global recognition[C]the freedom to stay and leave[D]opportunities to get regular jobs29.The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated.[A]as faithful partners[B]with legal tolerance[C]with economic favors[D]as mighty rivals30.The most appropriate title for this text would be.[A]Come and Go: Big Mistake[B]Living and Thriving: Great Risk[C]With or Without: Great Risk[D]Legal or Illegal: Big MistakeText3Scientists have found that althou g h we are prone to snap overreactions, if we take a moment and think about how we are likel y to react, we can reduce or even eliminate the ne g ative effects of our quick, hard-wired responses.Snap decisions can be important defense mechanisms; if we are jud g in g whether someone is dan g erous, our brains and bodies are hard-wired to react very quickl y, within milliseconds. But we need more time to assess other factors. To accuratel y tell whether someone is sociable, studies show, we need at least a minute, preferabl y five. It takes a while to jud g e complex aspects of personalit y, like neuroticism or open -mindedness.But snap decisions in reaction to rapid stimuli aren't exclusive to the interpersonal realm. Ps y cholo g ists at the Universit y of Toronto found that viewin g a fast-food lo g o for just a few milliseconds primes us to read 20 percent faster, even thou g h readin g has little to do with eatin g. We unconsciousl y associate fast food with speed and impatience and carry those impulses into whatever else we're doin g, Subjects exposed to fast-food flashes also tend to think a musical piece lasts too l on g.Yet we can reverse such influences. If we know we will overreact to consumer products or housin g options when we see a happ y face (one reason g ood sales representatives and real estate a g ents are alwa y s smilin g), we can take a moment before bu y in g. If we know female job screeners are more likel y to reject attractive female applicants, we can help screeners understand their biases or hire outside screeners.John Gottman, the marria g e expert, explains that we quickl y "thin slice" information reliabl y onl y after we ground such snap reactions in "thick sliced" lon gterm stud y. When Dr. Gottman reall y wants to assess whether a couple will sta y to g ether, he invites them to his island retreat for a much lon g er evaluation: two da y s, not two seconds.Our ability to mute our hard-wired reactions b y pausin g is what differentiates us from animals: do g s can think about the future onl y intermittentl y or for a few minutes. But historicall y we have spent about 12 percent of our da y s contemplatin g the lon g er term. Althou g h technology mi g ht chan g e the wa y we react, it hasn't chan g ed our nature. We still have the imaginative capacit y to rise above temptation and reverse the hi g h-speed trend.31.The time needed in making decisions may.[A]predetermine the accuracy of our judgment[B]prove the complexity of our brain reaction[C]depend on the importance of the assessment[D]vary according to the urgency of the situation32.0 u r react10n to a fast-food logo shows that snap dec1s10ns.[A]can be associative[B]are not unconscious[C]can be dangerous[D]are not impulsive33 T .o reverse the negative influences of snap dec1s10ns, we should.[A]trust our first impression[B]think before we act[C]do as people usually do[D]ask for expert advice34.John Gattman says that reliable snap reactions are based on.[A]critical assessment[B]"thin sliced" study[C]adequate information[D]sensible explanation35.The author's attitude toward reversing the high-speed trend is.[A]tolerant[B]optimistic[ C]uncertain[D]DoubtfulText4Europe is not a gender-equality heaven. In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completel y famil y-friendl y until women are part of senior management decisions, and Europe's top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingl y male. Indeed, women hold onl y 14 per cent of positions on European corporate boards.The European Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion of women—up to 60 per cent. This proposed mandate was born of frustration. Last y ear, European Commission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a call to voluntary action. Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goals of 40 per cent female board membership. But her appeal was considered a failure: onl y 24 companies took it up.D o we need quotas to ensure that women can continue to climb the corporate ladder fairl y as the y balance work and famil y?"Personall y, I don't like quotas," Reding said recentl y. "But I like what the quotas do." Quotas get action: the y "open the wa y to equality and the y break through the glass ceiling," according to Reding, a result seen in France and other countries with legall y binding provisions on placing women in top business positions.I understand Reding's reluctance and her frustration. I don't like quotas either; the y run counter to m y belief in meritocrac y, governance b y the capable. But, when one considers the obstacles to achieving the meritocratic ideal, it does look as if a fairer world must be temporaril y ordered.After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as well as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top positions no matter how much "soft pressure" is put upon them. When women do break through to the summit of corporate power as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recentl y did at Facebook the y attract massive attention precisel y because the y remain the exception to the rule.If appropriate public policies were in place to help all women whether CEOs or their children's caregivers and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworth y than an y other highl y capable person hvmg m a more Just society.36.In the European corporate workplace, generally.[A]women take the lead[B]men have the final say[C]corporate governance is overwhelmed[D]senior management is family-friendly37.The European Union's intended legislation is.[A]a reflection of gender balance[B]a response to Reding's call[C]a reluctant choice[D]a voluntary action38.According to Reding, quotas may help women.[A]get top business positions[B]see through the glass ceiling[C]balance work and family[D]anticipate legal results39.The author's attitude toward Reding's appeal is one of[A]skepticism[B]objectiveness[ C]indifference[D]approval40.Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of.[A]more social justice[B]massive media attention[C]suitable public policies[D]greater "soft pressure"PartBDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions b y choosing the most suitable subtitle from the list A G for each numbered paragraph (41 45). There are two extra subtitles which y ou do not need to use. Mark y our answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A]Live like a peasant[B]Balance y our diet[C]Shopkeepers are y our friends[D]Remember to treat y ourself[E]Stick to what y ou need[F]Planning is everything[G]Waste not, want notThe hugel y popular blog the Skint Foodie chronicles how Ton y balances his love of good food with living on benefits. After bills, Ton y has£60 a week to spend, £40 of which goes on food, but 10 y ears ago he was earning£130,000 a y ear working in corporate communications and eating at London's best restaurants at least twice a week. Then his marriage failed, his career burned out and his drinking became serious. "The communit y mental health team saved m y life. And I felt like that again, to a certain degree, when people responded to the blog so well. It gave me the validation and confidence that I'd lost. But it's still a da y-b y-da y thing." Now he's living in a council flat and fielding offers from literary agents. He's feeling positive, but he'11 carry on blogging not about eating as cheapl y as y ou can"there are so man y people in a much worse state, with barel y an y mone y to spend on food"but eating well on a budget. Here's his advice for economical foodies.41.Impulsive spending isn't an option, so plan y our week's menu in advance, making shopping lists for y our ingredients in their exact quantities. I have an Excel template for a week of breakfast, lunch and dinner. Stop laughing: it's not just cost effective but helps y ou balance y our diet. It's also a good idea to shop dail y instead ofweekl y, because, bein g human, y ou'll sometimes chan g e y our mind about what y oufanc y.42.This is where supermarkets and their anonymity come in hand y. With them, there's not the same embarrassment as when bu y in g one carrot in a little greengrocer. And if y ou plan properl y, y ou'll know that y ou onl y need, sa y, 350g of shin of beef and six rashers of bacon, not whatever wei g ht is pre-packed in the supermarket chiller.43.You ma y proudl y claim to onl y have frozen peas in the freezer—that's not g ood enou g h. Mine is filled with leftovers, bread, stock, meat and fish. Plannin g ahead should eliminate wasta g e, but if y ou have surplus ve g etables y ou'll do a ve g etable soup, and all fruits threatenin g to "g o off'will be cooked or juiced.44.Everyone sa y s this, but it reall y is a top tip for fru g al eaters. Shop at butchers, delis and fish-sellers regularl y, even for small thin g s, and be super friendl y. Soon ou'll feel comfortable askin g if the y've an y knuckles of ham for soups and stews, or ybeef bones, chicken carcasses and fish heads for stock which, more often than not, the y'll let y ou have for free.45.You won't be eatin g out a lot, but save y our pennies and once every few months treat y ourself to a set lunch at a g ood restaurant£1.75 a week for three months g ivesou£21more than enou g h for a three-course lunch at Michelin-starred Arbutus. It's y£16.95 there or£12.99 for a lar g e pizza from Domino's: I know which I'd rather eat.Section III Translation46.Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write y our translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)I can pick a date from the past 53 y ears and know instantl y where I was, what happened in the news and even the da y of the week. I've been able to do this since I was four.I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information m y brain absorbs. M y mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored awa y neatl y. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everybod y does try to put it to one side. I don't think it's harder for me just because m y memory is clearer. Powerful memory doesn't make m y emotions an y more acute or vivid. I can recall the da y m y grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hospital the da y before. I also remember that the musical pla y Hair opened on Broadway on the same da y the y both just pop into m y mind in the same wa y.Section IV WritingPartA47.Directions:Suppose your class is to hold a charity sale for kids in need of help. Write your classmates an email to1)inform them about the details, and2)encourage them to participate.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name. Use "Li Ming" insteadDo not write your address. (10 points)PartB48.Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1)interpret the chart, and2)give your c omments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题Section I: Use of English (10 points)1 - 5: BDBAC6 - 10: BADCA11-15: ACBDC16-20: DABDCSection II: Reading Comprehension (50 points)21-25: ADBBC26-30: ACCBD31-35: D ABCB36-40: BCADC41-45: FEGCDSection III :Translation (15 Points)从过去的53年中任选一天，我都能立刻知道当时自己在哪里，新闻中发生了什么事情，甚至那天是周几。
2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二试题(答案解析版)2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语
2013年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二试题（答案解析版）Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)；敬人者化学教案人恒敬之”“要学会宽恕化学教案甚至是对曾经伤害过你的人化学教案因为只有放下才能得到真正Given the advantages of electronic money, you might think that we would move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. ___1___, a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions of such a society have been ___2___ for two decades but have not yet come to fruition. For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that electronic means of payment “would soon revolutionize the very ___3___ of money itself,” only to ___4___ itself several years later. Why has t he movement to a cashless society been so ___5___ in coming?Although e-money might be more convenient and may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work __6___ the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very ___7___ to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the ___8___ form of payment. Second, paper checks have the advantage that they ___9___ receipts, something that many consumers are unwilling to ___10___. Third, the use of paper checks gives consumers several days of "float"-it takes several days ___11___ a check is cashed and funds are ___12___ from the issuer's account, which means that the writer of the check can earn interest on the funds in the meantime. ___13___ electronic payments are immediate, they eliminate the float for the consumer. Fourth, electronic means of payment ___14___ security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized hacker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information ___15___ there.Because this is not an ___16___ occurrence, unscrupulous persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and ___17___ funds by moving them from someone else’s accounts i nto their own. The___18___ of this type of fraud is no easy task, and a whole new field of computer science has developed to ___19___ security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic ___20___ that contains a large amount of personal data on buying habits. There are worries that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby encroaching on our privacy.时间先后顺序化学教案③后适宜用感叹号试卷试题5试卷试题B试卷试题【解析】A项的“拙作”是谦辞、1. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise2. [A] off [B] back [C] over [D] around3. [A] power [B] concept [C] history [D] role4. [A] reward [B] resist [C] resume [D] reverse5. [A] silent [B] sudden [C] slow [D] steady6. [A] for [B] against [C]with [D] on7. [A] imaginative [B] expensive [C] sensitive [D] productive8. [A] similar [B] original [C] temporary [D] dominant9. [A] collect [B] provide [C] copy [D] print10. [A] give up [B] take over [C] bring back [D] pass down11. [A] before [B] after [C] since [D] when12. [A] kept [B] borrowed [C] released [D] withdrawn13. [A] Unless [B] Until [C] Because [D] Though14. [A] hide [B] express [C] raise [D]ease15. [A] analyzed [B] shared [C] stored [D] displayed16. [A] unsafe [B] unnatural [C] uncommon [D] unclear17. [A] steal [B] choose [C] benefit [D] return18. [A] consideration [B] prevention [C] manipulation [D] justification19. [A] cope with [B] fight against [C] adapt to [D] call for20. [A] chunk [B] chip [C] path [D] trail文化活动试卷试题人有恒言曰：“百闻不如一见试卷试题”“读万卷书不如行万里路试卷试题”游学之益在于体验化学教案答案：1-5: ADBDC6-10: BBDBA11-15: ADCCC16-20: CABAD苞之生二十六年矣化学教案使蹉跎昏忽常如既往化学教案则由此而四十、五十化学教案岂有【答案详解】1. [标准答案] [A][考点分析] 本题考察逻辑关系[选项分析] 因为考察逻辑关系，所以需要我们先对填空前后的原文信息做定位分析：填空之后的信息为”a true cashless society is probably not around the corner .”（一个无现金社会不太可能马上出现），而文章之前的信息都是在说我们可能马上就进入一个无现金社会，两者之间出现了明显的转折关系，因此只有however符合题意。
2013硕士研究生考试(英语二)真题解析(1)
2013硕士研究生考试(英语二)真题解析(1)Section I Use of English1. 答案 [A]考点本题考察逻辑关系解析空前作者讲到（鉴于电子货币的优势，你也许会认为，我们将快速步入非现金社会，实现完全电子支付。
）而空后说（真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来）这两句话语义是转折的，因此答案A。
B. moreover表递进 C. therefore 表结果 D. Otherwise表对比2. 答案 [D]考点上下文语义解析根据该句的 but 可知，其前后句子是转折关系。
后一句是说这种形式的社会并没有真正有成果出来，所以前一句应该为这样的预测已经进行了二十年。
其它选项不符合题意。
3. 答案 [B]考点上下文语义及名词辨析解析空格所在的句子意思为例如， 1975年《商业周刊》预测电子支付手段不久将（彻底改变货币本身的…）将四个选项带入，能够彻底改变的对象只能是金钱的概念（定义），而A（力量），C（历史），D（角色），语义都不恰当，并且如果选择 role的话，应该是复数roles，因为是金钱的作用不止一个，故答案选B。
4. 答案 [D]考点上下文语义及动词词义辨析解析根据 only 知道，空格处所填单词词义应与前一句的） revolutionize ）（变革）发生同义替换，因此 ABCD 四个选项中只有 D. reverse （颠覆）符合。
A. reward 奖赏 B. resist 抵抗 C. resume 重新开始，继续。
5. 答案 [C]考点上下文语义及形容词词义辨析解析根据前面的句意得知，早在1975年就预测了无现金社会将到来，而实际上作者讲到（真正的无现金社会很可能不会马上到来），因此也得出这种变革是一个缓慢的过程，故答案选择C。
A. silent沉寂的，B. sudden突然的，D. steady稳定不变的。
6 ．答案 [ B ]考点上下文语义及介词词义辨析解析填空所在段开头although 表明对上一段的让步关系，上一段的观点为人们进入无现金时代的速度变缓慢的原因。
国际关系学院英语系研究生入学考试(翻译部分全真题)
SECTION A: Translate the following underlined part of the Chinese text into English.（原文）哲学家们以各种各样的方式解释世界。
哲学是言而不是行。
哲学家断乎改变不了自然与社会。
是不能也，非不为也。
哲学不是科学技术，不是生产力。
哲学是怀疑，是思虑，是静观，是探索。
严格来说，哲学不是解释宇宙，那是自然科学的事。
哲学家至多只能解释人生，解释自己，解释文本。
哲学也不是知，不是知识体系，不是几何学、物理学那样一大套公理、公式，可以解决实际生存问题。
哲学的精神永远是探究、怀疑、发问、沉思；而不是提供现成的答案。
哲学家有些不食人间烟火，他远离田野车间，甚至也不拿天文望远镜观察观察天体，而只是坐在静谧的书斋里读书、思考，思索那些具有终极意义、虚无缥缈的本体问题。
哲学家孤苦伶仃，独处一室之中。
面对古往今来的大哲学家遗留下来的问题，他苦苦沉思。
他唯一富有的是文本，哲学因而就是解释文本，而不是解释宇宙。
哲学家只是一味地同古往今来的灵魂交谈--他读书，是同古昔人物交谈；他写作，是同子孙后代交谈；他讲演，是同莘莘学子交谈；他沉思，是同自己交谈。
他长于洞见，洞见未来；他善于遐想，遐想无限；他耽于梦幻，幻游彼岸；他富于关怀，关怀永恒。
他同远在天涯的哲人和精神交谈，在这个意义上，他视通万里，思接千载。
他伟大，他不朽，他同古往今来的灵魂对话。
以哲学为命运的人应当准备在崎岖小路上独行，没有目的，也不会有黄金滚滚而来。
告别鲜花、头衔、掌声和奖品，钟情于思，就会有真哲学。
（参考译文）Philosophers interpret the world through a myriad of ways. Philosophy is more speculative than active. In no way do philosophers transform nature or society. This is not because they do not wish to, but because they are unable to. Philosophy does not work the way that science and technology do, and for this reason, philosophy does not represent a form of production force. What philosophy does represent are skepticism, reflection, contemplation, and exploration.Strictly speaking, philosophy does not attempt at explicating the universe, a responsibility that primarily resides with natural sciences. At their best, philosophers can only interpret life, interpret themselves, and interpret texts. Philosophy does not pretend to be knowledge, hence it does not aim at the construction of a system of knowledge, dissimilar to geometry or physics whose colossal framework of axioms and formulas can provide immediate solutions to the pragmatic problems of human survival. The essence of philosophy lies in eternal questing, questioning, inquiring, and meditating. Philosophy is under no obligation to furnish ready and handy answers. To some extent, philosophers tend to refrain from any secular involvements. A philosopher seldom frequents farmlands or factories, and he even never bothers to look through a telescope to make any observation of celestial bodies. He is only fond of staying in his personal library, in all its quietude, where he indulges himself in book-reading and in musing, pondering on those intangible ontological issues that he deems to be of ultimate significance. A philosopher is willing to surrender himself to utter loneliness and seclusion, confining himself to a room of his own, in a state of overwhelming solitude. In the face of the philosophical issues left over by great philosophical thinkers ancient and modern, he contemplates painstakingly. The only wealth to his possession is texts. Therefore, the task of philosophy is to interpret texts rather than to interpret the universe.A philosopher is solely concerned with conducting dialogues with the great souls from ancient antiquity to the contemporary era. In reading books, he converses with the ancients. In writing hisown books, he converses with the progeny. In delivering lectures, he converses with a multitude of young students. In contemplating, he converses with himself. He is adept at insights, penetrating into the future. He excels in speculations, speculating on the infinite. He indulges in reveries, traveling in the otherworld in unbounded fantasy. He abounds in sympathies, concerned about the eternal. He converses with the philosophers and the great minds in the remotest corners of the earth. In this sense, his vision extends into the infinite distance and his thoughts are connected with the past and the future. His vision and thoughts transcend all spatiotemporal boundaries whatsoever. He is great; he is immortal; because he is in permanent dialogue with the great souls of the past, the present and the future ……A person who pursues philosophy as his destiny must be ready to trudge along a lonely path replete with twists and turns, purposelessly and aimlessly. Nor should he expect to reap any materialistic rewards. He should be fully prepared to bid farewell to bouquets of flowers, honorary titles, applauses, and prizes in favor of committing himself solely to a life of meditation and contemplation. Only in such a state will true philosophy be born.SECTION B：Translate the following underlined part of the English text into Chinese Translate the following into Chinese(2001)Until early in this century, the isolationist tendency prevailed in American foreign policy. Then two factors projected America into world affairs: its rapidly expanding power, and the gradual collapse of the international system centered on Europe. The watershed presidencies marked this progression: Theodore Roosevelt's (1) and Woodrow Wilson's (2). These men held the reins of government when world affairs were drawing a reluctant nation into their vortex. Both recognized that America had a crucial role to play in world affairs though they justified its emergence from isolation with opposite philosophies.Roosevelt was a sophisticated analyst of the balance of power. He insisted on an international role for America because its national interest demanded it, and because a global balance of power was inconceivable to him without American participation. For Wilson, the justification of America's international role was messianic: America had an obligation, not to the balance of power, but to spread its principles throughout the world. During the Wilson's Administration, America emerged as a key player in world affairs, proclaiming principles which, while reflecting the truisms of American though, nevertheless marked a revolutionary departure for Old World diplomats. These principles held that peace depends on the spread of democracy, that states should be judged by the same ethical criteria as individuals, and that the national interest consists of adhering to a universal system of law.To hardened veterans of a European diplomacy based on the balance of power, Wilson's views about the ultimately moral foundations of foreign policy appeared strange, even hypocritical. Yet Wilsonianism has survived while history has bypassed the reservations of his contemporaries. Wilson was the originator of the vision of a universal world organization, the League of Nations, which would keep the peace through collective security rather than alliance. Though Wilson could not convince his own country of its merit, the idea lived on. It is above all to the drumbeat of Wilsonian idealism that American foreign policy has marched since his watershed presidency, and continues to march to this day.America's singular approach to international affairs did not develop all at once, or as the consequence of a solitary inspiration. In the early years of the Republic, American foreign policywas in fact a sophisticated reflection of the American national interest, which was, simply, to fortify the new nation's independence. Since no European country was capable of posing an actual threat so long as it had to contend with rivals, the Founding Fathers showed themselves quite ready to manipulate the despised balance of power when it suited their needs indeed, they could be extraordinarily skillful at maneuvering between France and Great Britain not only to preserve America's independence but to enlarge its frontiers. Because they really wanted neither side to win a decisive victory in the wars of the French Revolution, they declared neutrality. Jefferson defined the Napoleonic Wars as a contest between the tyrant on the land (France) and the tyrant of the ocean (England) -in other words, the parties in the European struggle were morally equivalent. Practicing an early form of nonalignment, the new nation discovered the benefit of neutrality as a bargaining tool, just as many an emerging nation has since.（参考译文）直到本世纪初，孤立主义倾向在外交政策中一直大行其道。
2013上大翻硕真题
2013上大翻硕真题翻硕英语1,30个选择题。
生词很少，大多是容易忽视的语法和词汇比较，比如it's about time...it's high time...it's the first time...再比如regretful,regretable,regretting,regretted.....2，4篇阅读。
前两篇选择，后两篇问答。
p1是07年专八阅读真题textA，关于Welsh语言和民族resurgence的。
The Welsh language has always been the ultimate marker of Welsh identity, but a generation ago it looked as if Welsh would go the way of Manx. once widely spoken on the isle of Man but now extinct. Government financing and central planning, however, have helped reverse the decline of Welsh. Road signs and official public documents are written in both Welsh and English, and schoolchildren are required to learn both languages. Welsh is now one of the most successful of Europe’s regional languages, spoken by more than a half-million of the count ry’s three million people.The revival of the language, particularly among young people, is part of a resurgence of national identity sweeping through this small, proud nation. Last month Wales marked the second anniversary of the opening of the National Assembly, the first parliament to be convened here since 1404. The idea behind devolution was to restore the balance within the union of nations making up the United Kingdom. With most of the people and wealth, England has always had bragging rights. The partial transfer of legislative powers from Westminster, implemented by Tony Blair, was designed to give the other members of the club- Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales-a bigger say and to counter centrifugal forces that seemed to threaten the very idea of the union.The Welsh showed little enthusiasm for devolution. Whereas the Scots voted overwhelmingly for a parliament, the vote for a Welsh assembly scraped through by less than one percent on a turnout of less than 25 percent. Its powers were proportionately limited. The Assembly can decide how money from Westminster or the European Union is spent. It cannot, unlike its counterpart in Edinburgh, enact laws. But now that it is here, the Welsh are growing to like their Assembly. Many people would like it to have more powers. Its importance as figurehead will grow with the opening in 2003, of a new debating chamber, one of many new buildings that are transforming Cardiff from a decaying seaport into a Baltimore-style waterfront city. Meanwhile a grant of nearly two million dollars from the European Union will tackle poverty. Wales is one of the poorest regions in Western Europe- only Spain, Portugal, and Greece have a lower standard of living.Newspapers and magazines are filled with stories about great Welsh men and women, boosting self-esteem. To familiar faces such as Dylan Thomas and Richard Burton have been added new icons such as Catherine Zeta-Jones, the movie star, and Bryn Terfel, the opera singer. Indigenous foods like salt marsh lamb are in vogue. And Wales now boasts a national airline. Awyr Cymru. Cymru, which means “land of compatriots,” is the Welsh name for Wales. The red dragon, the nation’s symbol since the time of King Arthur, is everywhere- on T-shirts, rugby jerseys and even cell phone covers.“Until very recent times most Welsh people had this feeling of being second-class citizens,” saidDyfan Jones, an 18-year-old student. It was a warm summer night, and I was sitting on the grass with a group of young people in Llanelli, an industrial town in the south, outside the rock music venue of the National Eisteddfod, Wales’s annual cultural festival. The disused factory in front of us echoed to the sounds of new Welsh bands.“There was almost a genetic tendency for lack of confidence,” Dyfan co ntinued. Equally comfortable in his Welshness as in his membership in the English-speaking, global youth culture and the new federal Europe, Dyfan, like the rest of his generation, is growing up with a sense of possibility unimaginable ten years ago. “We used to think. We can’t do anything, we’re only Welsh. Now I think that’s changing.”（源自/view/2f88c61dff00bed5b9f31d5f.html）p2是讲网络个人信息隐私不安全的，比较好找，选项直接。