2020年高考英语词汇语法专题21:定语从句易错点解题方法
高考定语从句专题与易错点难点突破

专题定语从句要点导航一、考点考点1:关系代词引导的定语从句考点2:不缺成分时的关系词选用(所属关系或关系副词做状语)考点3:介词+关系词=where / when / why考点4:as 引导的定语从句二、易错点:1)that 与which 的用法区别2)抽象地点名词与特殊先行词the way, the reason, time3)关系代词与关系副词混用:看到先行词为地点、时间,不加分析就填where、when。
4)并列句、状语从句、名词性从句与定语从句用法混淆5)定语从句中的主谓一致三、解题步骤:1.判断从句类型2.分析句子成分是否完整,选择相应的关系词n ____谓宾(缺主语)n + ____主+谓.....缺宾语(若v为不及物动词,则不缺宾语,此时需看先行词指的是when/where/why)n + ____主+谓+ 宾语(成分完整,此时需看先行词指的是when/where/why;还是whose)四、类型:限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句______ 谓(宾)... . (which / who / as)______ 主+ 谓(宾)... . (when / where)主+ 谓...... ,______ 名... . (whose)介______ ... . (which / whom)eg. 1) People from all walks of life come to my house,from________I’ve gained lots of social experiences.2) No one can ignore the rich culture____(date) back to ancient times.3) Find a native Chinese, ________pronunciation is quite perfect to correct you.4) Our office wasn’t far from Chinatown, ________ I found some very good Chinese restaurant.5) There are many reasons _________ people want to engage in voluntourism.注意:定语从句中的省略现象。
高中英语定语从句常见易错题型解析 2

定语从句高考常考易错题型解析江西萍乡芦溪中学王影337200定语从句是高考的重要考点之一。
考生从初中起对定语从句就有所接触,在经过高一的系统讲解,高二的延续性练习,高三的复习和高强度的训练,对大部分定语从句已掌握的很到位。
但是,仍有一部分定语从句在连接词的选取上,学生拿不准,似是而非。
本文就一些常见易错的定语从句进行归类讲解,使学生能触类旁通,更准确地选出定语从句的连接词。
一、连接代词与连接副词的错选(主要针对that,which与when,where,why)此类错选主要是因为学生没有弄清楚定语从句中的从句缺什么成分。
若缺主语、宾语、表语就要选连接代词that和which,因为它们可以充当从句所缺的成分,若从句不缺主语、表语、宾语,缺的是状语,那么就选when, where, why,因为它们不能在句子中作主语、表语、宾语,只能作状语。
也可以用另一种方法来判断:把先行词放在从句中还原从句,若需要在先行词前加介词,就要选when, where, why。
否则,that 或which。
[典型考题]1.(2012全国卷2)That evening, _______ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. when2. (2012重庆) Sales director is a position ______ communication ability is just as important as sales skills.A. whichB. thatC. whenD.where3. (2012江西) By 16:30, _____ was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.A. whichB. whenC. whatD. That4. (2012浙江) We live in an age ______ more information is available with great ease than ever before.A. whyB. whenC. to whomD. on which【答案解析】1.B这是一个非限制性定语从句。
英语定语从句易错点小结

英语定语从句易错点小结定语从句在英语学习中非常重要,在各种考试中,定语从句的内容也占有相当大的比例,尤其是在阅读理解题里最为常见。
如果对定语从句掌握不透,对内容的理解就会出现偏差,从而影响答题效果。
定语从句,顾名思义,在句子中充当定语,可修饰名词或代词。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词,而定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由引导词引出。
请大家记住这两个概念,方便后面学习。
例:This is the book which I bought yesterday.上句中,book为先行词,which为引导词。
引导词一般为关系代词或关系副词。
关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有:when, where, why等。
易错点1:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
这个规则一定要记住,因为也是经常出现的考点,且大家容易出现错误的地方。
例:This is the student who wants to see you.上一句中,先行词是student,是单数第三人称,而引导词who 在定语从句中作主语,这时候定语从句的谓语动词的人称和数要与student(先行词)一致,所以应该用单三形式。
例:There are some students who want to see you.上一句中,先行词是students,是复数形式,而引导词who在定语从句中作主语,这时候定语从句的谓语动词的人称和数要与students(先行词)一致,所以应该用复数形式。
易错点2:引导词that不可以置于介词后引导宾语从句。
例:This is the house in which I lived two years ago.这是我两年前住过的房子。
上一句中,介词in后面的引导词不可以用that,只能用which.易错点3:引导词用关系代词或关系副词分不清。
2020年高考英语语法复习讲义:定语从句

2020;2020年高考英语语法复习讲义:定语从句定语从句定语从句(Attributi高考资源网ve Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有:when, where, why等。
关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
(which / that在句中作宾语)The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。
2020年高考英语词汇语法专题21:定语从句易错点解题方法

专题21 定语从句易错点解题方法定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句又分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
定语从句关系词的选择是定语从句的重点和难点。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词,关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。
关系词的选择可从两个方面入手:一是关系词在从句中所作的成分;二是先行词所指。
关系词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语时,用关系代词;关系词在从句中作状语时,用关系副词。
先行词指人时,关系代词用who, whom, that, whose;先行词指物时,关系代词用which, that, whose。
看下面高考真题:1. The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.A. which wasB. it wasC. which wereD. them were【答案】C.【解析】容易误选A或B,将A、B中的which 和it 误认为是其后句子的主语。
最佳答案是C,around which were high mountains 是一个由"介词+which"引出的非限制性定语从句,而在该从句中,主语是high mountains,around which 是表语,所以句子谓语应用复数were,而不是用单数was。
2. _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What【答案】B.【解析】容易误选A,认为此处应填一个形式主语。
最佳答案是B。
as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。
3._______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What【答案】A.【解析】it 为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that 从句。
高考英语定语从句易错知识点

高考英语定语从句易错知识点知识梳理1. 定语从句的概念定语从句(也称形容词性从句),一个句子跟在一个名词或代词(先行词)后进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。
2. 定语从句的关系词易错知识点1. 混淆that 和which 的用法that 和which 都是关系代词,在句中可做主语、宾语、表语。
一般来说,当先行词是物的时候,两者都可以用,但并不是都通用。
要注意一些只能用that 或者只能用which的特殊情况。
1.1 易错例题1This is the very book________I've looked everywhere for.A. thatB. asC. whatD. which【陷阱】误选D。
认为A/D都正确。
【分析】最佳答案A。
本句是定语从句,先行词为the very book,切忌看到物就直接选which,要注意这里book前面有the very 修饰,关系词只能用that。
【点拨】只能用that的情况有:☆当先行词为:all,little,few,much,none 及some-,any-,no-,every-与thing 所组成的复合单词时,只能用that。
如:There is nothing that will stop us making progress.没有事情会阻止我们进步。
☆当先行词前面有only,some,any,no,every,little,few,much,all,very 等形容词修饰时,只能用that。
如:This is the only problem that we can't work out.这是我们不能解决的唯一的一个问题。
☆当先行词由形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时,只能用that。
如:This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最有趣的书。
☆当先行词同时包括人和物时,只能用that。
高中英语定语从句语法易错点整理及解析

高中英语定语从句语法易错点整理及解析定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词有that,which,who(宾格whom),所有格whose)和关系副词where when why等,关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中充当一个成分,关系代词that,which,who,whom 等在从句中分别作主语或宾语,whose在从句中作定语,而关系副词when,where,why等在从句中作状语。
例如:① I will never forget the days when/in which we worked together.② I will never forget the days which/that we spent together.解析在句①中,表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是状语,所以用关系副词when来代指,引导定语从句修饰先行词the days;而在句②中,表示时间的名词the days在从句中充当的是动词spent的宾语,所以用关系代词that或which来代指。
同样,表示地点或原因的名词如果在从句中作状语,则用关系副词where或why来代指;如果在从句中作动词的宾语,则用which 或that来代替。
例如:① This is the factory where/in which I worked.(作状语)② This is the factory that/which I visited years ago.(作宾语)注:当先行词为time,reason,place时,引导词可以省略。
例如:① This was the first(when/what)I had serious trouble with my boss.② That is the reason(why)I did it.③This is the place(where)we met yesterday.另外,定语从句中谓语动词数应与先行词数一致。
高考英语定语从句解题方法

高考英语定语从句解题方法1500字高考英语中,定语从句是一个常见的考点,也是一个相对容易出错的地方。
今天我们就来学习一下如何解答定语从句的相关问题。
一、定语从句的基本概念定语从句是用来修饰一个名词或代词的从句,它充当形容词的作用。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
1. 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是对名词或代词进行限制或修饰,它是整个句子的一个必要部分,如果去掉它,整个句子的意思就会发生改变。
例如:The student who is sitting next to me is from China.在这个句子中,定语从句是“who is sitting next to me”,修饰名词“student”,它限制了“student”的范围,指的是坐在我旁边的学生。
如果去掉定语从句,句子就变成“The student is from China”,意思完全不同了。
2. 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句是对名词或代词进行进一步说明或补充,它不是整个句子的必要部分,如果去掉它,整个句子的意思仍然完整。
例如:Mary, who is my best friend, is going to study abroad.在这个句子中,定语从句是“who is my best friend”,修饰名词“Mary”,它对“Mary”进行了进一步的说明,但如果去掉定语从句,整个句子的意思仍然是“Mary is going to study abroad”。
二、解题方法了解了定语从句的基本概念后,我们来学习一下如何解答定语从句的相关问题。
下面以一些常见的题型为例进行讲解。
1. 定语从句的识别首先,我们需要识别出句子中的定语从句。
在英语中,定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。
常见的关系代词有:who, whom, whose, which, that等;常见的关系副词有:where, when, why等。
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专题21 定语从句易错点解题方法定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句又分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
定语从句关系词的选择是定语从句的重点和难点。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词,关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。
关系词的选择可从两个方面入手:一是关系词在从句中所作的成分;二是先行词所指。
关系词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语时,用关系代词;关系词在从句中作状语时,用关系副词。
先行词指人时,关系代词用who, whom, that, whose;先行词指物时,关系代词用which, that, whose。
看下面高考真题:1. The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.A. which wasB. it wasC. which wereD. them were【答案】C.【解析】容易误选A或B,将A、B中的which 和it 误认为是其后句子的主语。
最佳答案是C,around which were high mountains 是一个由"介词+which"引出的非限制性定语从句,而在该从句中,主语是high mountains,around which 是表语,所以句子谓语应用复数were,而不是用单数was。
2. _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What【答案】B.【解析】容易误选A,认为此处应填一个形式主语。
最佳答案是B。
as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。
3._______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What【答案】A.【解析】it 为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that 从句。
最佳答案是A.4.David is such a good boy ___ all the teachers like.A. thatB. whoC. asD. whom【答案】C.【解析】此题容易误选A,许多同学一看到题干中的such,再联系到选项中的that,便认为这是考查such … that …句式。
况且,这样理解意思也还通顺。
最佳答案为C,不是A,因为在such … that … (如此……以至……)结构中,that 引导的是结果状语从句,并且that 在从句中不充当句子成分,若在上句填入such … that …,句末的动词like 缺宾语。
as 用作关系代词,引导定语从句修饰其前的名词boy,同时as 在定语从句中用作动词like 的宾语,句意为"所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩"。
有的同学还会问,假若选A,能否将其后的that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢?不能,因为当先行词受到such 的修饰时,其后的定语从句应用关系代词as 来引导,而不用that。
5. The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A. thatB. itC. themD. which【答案】D.【解析】容易误选C,用them 代指the buses。
最佳答案是D。
most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句,修饰the buses。
6. He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to his wedding.A. whomB. themC. whichD. who【答案】B.【解析】容易误选A,认为这是非限制性定语从句。
最佳答案是B,这不是非限制性定语从句,而是一个独立主格结构,因为空格后的动词invited 并不是一个完整的谓语,而是一个过去分词。
当然,假若在invited 前加上助动词were,则是一个非限制性定语从句,答案便应选A。
再来改正下列定语从句中的典型错误:1. Is this the pen your father bought it for you?【答案】去掉it。
.【解析】: 解析:定语从句中的关系词在从句中充当一定的成分。
因此从句中不能再出现与关系词作用相同的代词或名词,以避免重复。
误句中省略的关系代词(which/that)作bought的宾语,故it是多余的。
2. Have you been to the company where she works there?【答案】去掉there。
.【解析】:关系副词已作了work的地点状语。
3. I shall never forget the days when I spent with you.【答案】答案:将when改为which/that。
【解析】先行词在定语从句中作spent的宾语,故用which/that,而when在从句中只作时间状语。
4. Is this all what you want to say?【答案】将what改为that。
.【解析】:先行词为指物的不定代词时,其后的定语从句用that来引导,作宾语时也可省略。
而what不能引导定语从句。
5. He lived in a house, in front of it he planted some beautiful flowers.【答案】将it改为which。
.【解析】这是一个含有非限制性定语从句的复合句, which在从句中作介词宾语。
6. Mother came back on December 21 when was my birthday.【答案】将when改为which。
【解析】: which指代时间(December 21)作定语从句的主语。
7. This is the ring for which she is looking.【答案】将for移到looking之后。
【解析】:look for是固定短语动词,不能够拆开使用。
8. Is this history museum that some foreign friends visited last week?【答案】在that前加the one。
【解析】:犯这类错误的主要原因是错把this history museum看作是定语从句的先行词。
根据句子结构,this history museum应是主句的主语。
故应添加一个定语从句的先行词the one作主句中的表语。
9. This is the monitor her English is the best in our class.【答案】将her改为whose。
【解析】:用whose代替her引起定语从句,修饰先行词the monitor。
10. As you know it, he has left for Australia.【答案】去掉it。
【解析】:关系代词as作know的宾语,再使用it就重复了。
11. The meeting was put off, that was exactly what we wanted.【答案】将that改为which。
【解析】:that作为关系代词不能用于非限制定语从句中。
此处which指代主句(The meeting was put off)。
12. I don’t like the way which you treat your mother.【答案】1)在which前加in。
2) 将which改为that。
3) 去掉which。
【解析】当先行词the way在定语从句中作状语时,其关系代词可用that/in which或不用。
13. He told the good news to those who was present at the meeting.【答案】将was改为were。
【解析】:定语从句中的谓语动词,在数和人称上必须与主句中的先行词保持一致。
该句的先行词是those, 故应用were。
14. The expert visited our school is from Shanghai.【答案】在visited前加who。
【解析】关系代词在定语从句中作主语时不能省略。
15. Who’s the old man whom you just shook hands?【答案】在hands后加上with。
【解析】定语从句中的关系代词whom作with的宾语,故介词with不能省略。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆1. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _______ in the forest.A. once they grewB. they grew onceC. they once grewD. once grew【答案】C.【解析】选C。
先行词是those,可视为those flowers 之省略。
they once grew 前省略了关系代词which。
全句意为:这儿所养的花是由他们曾在森林里种植的花培养出来的。
2. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm, _____ many people have gone home.A. thatB. whichC. whose timeD. by which time【答案】D.【解析】选D。
by which time 引出的是一个非限制性定语从句,其中by which time 相当于and by that time。
3. Is this the reason _______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A. he explainedB. what he explainedC. how he explainedD. why he explained【答案】A.【解析】选A。
注意不能选D,因为动词explained 缺宾语,这里把that省略了。
4. Luckily, we’d brought a road map without ______ we would have lost our way.A. itB. thatC. thisD. which【答案】D.【解析】D。