阶段考试题
统计学第123阶段练习题阶段考试答案
练习题一考试科目:《统计学》第1章至第5章（总分100分）一、单项选择题（共20小题，每小题2分，共计40分）1.运用样本数据的统计量来推断总体的特征、变量的关系属于：BA描述统计B推断统计C科学统计D经验统计2.根据无锡市1000个家庭的调查数据，推断无锡市居民家庭订阅《江南晚报》的比例属于：A描述统计B推断统计C科学统计D经验统计B3.根据样本调查数据，制作统计数据分布直方图属于：A描述统计B推断统计C科学统计D经验统计4.一家研究机构从IT从业者中随机抽取500人作为样本进行调查，其中60%的人回答他们的月收入在5000元以上，50%的回答他们的消费支付方式是使用信用卡。
这里的“月收入”是:A 分类变量B 顺序变量C 数值型变量D 离散变量5.要反映我国工业企业的整体业绩水平，总体单位是:A 我国每一家工业企业B 我国所有工业企业C 我国工业企业总数D 我国工业企业的利润总额6.一项调查表明，在所抽取的1000个消费者中，他们每月在网上购物的平均消费是200元，他们选择在网上购物的主要原因是“价格便宜”。
这里的参数是: CA 1000个消费者B 所有在网上购物的消费者C所有在网上购物的消费者的平均消费额D 1000个消费者的平均消费额7.一名统计学专业的学生为了完成其统计作业，在《统计年鉴》中找到的2006年城镇家庭的人均收入数据属于: CA分类数据B顺序数据C截面数据D时间序列数据8.一家公司的人力资源部主管需要研究公司雇员的饮食习惯，改善公司餐厅的现状。
他注意到，雇员要么从家里带饭，要么在公司餐厅就餐，要么在外面的餐馆就餐。
他收集数据的方法属于: DA访问调查B邮寄调查C个别深度访问D观察调查9.下面哪一项属于连续性变量CA学生的籍贯B保险公司雇员数C奶牛24小时的产奶量D某杂货店一天销售的牛奶件数（箱）10.抽样调查与重点调查的主要区别是( D)A作用不同B组织方式不同C灵活程度不同D选取调查单位的方法不同11.调查时限是指( B)A调查资料所属的时间B进行调查工作的期限C调查工作登记的时间D调查资料的报送时间12.统计整理阶段最关键的问题是( B)A对调查资料的审核B统计分组C统计汇总D编制统计表13.调查项目( A )A是依附于调查单位的基本标志B与填报单位是一致的C与调查单位是一致的D是依附于调查对象的基本指标14.为了反映商品价格与需求之间的关系，在统计中应采用(C)A划分经济类型的分组B说明现象结构的分组C分析现象间依存关系的分组D上述都不正确15. 下面的哪一个图形最适合描述结构性问题(B)A条形图B饼图C对比条形图D直方图16.下面的哪一个图形适合比较研究两个或多个总体或结构性问题(A)A环形图B饼图C直方图D折线图17.将全部变量值依次划分为若干个区间，并将这一区间的变量值作为一组，这样的分组方法称为( B)A单变量值分组B组距分组C等距分组D连续分组18.下面的哪一个图形最适合描述大批量数据分布的图形( C)A条形图B茎叶图C直方图D饼图19.由一组数据的最大值最小值中位数和两个四分位数5个特征值绘制而成的，反映原始数据分布的图形，称为( D)A环形图B茎叶图C直方图D箱线图20.有10家公司的月销售额数据(万元)分别为72，63，54，54，29，26，25，23，23，20。
成都七中高2025届高二语文10月阶段性考试试卷及参考答案
成都七中2023～2024学年度上期高2025届10月阶段性测试语文试题考试时间：150分钟总分：150分一、现代文阅读（本题共4小题，18分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～4题。
非攻鲁迅墨子走进宋国的国界的时候，草鞋带已经断了三四回，觉得脚底上很发热，停下来一看，鞋底也磨成了大窟窿，脚上有些地方起茧，有些地方起泡了。
他毫不在意，仍然走;沿路看看情形，人口倒很不少，然而历来的水灾和兵灾的痕迹，却到处存留。
走了三天，看不见一所大屋，看不见一棵大树，看不见一个活泼的人，看不见一片肥沃的田地，就这样的到了都城。
城墙也很破旧，但有几处添了新石头;护城沟边看见烂泥堆，像是有人淘掘过，但只见有几个闲人坐在沟沿上似乎钓着鱼。
“他们大约也听到消息了。
”墨子想。
他决计穿城而过，于是走近北关，顺着中央的一条街，一径向南走。
城里面也很萧条，但也很平静;店铺都贴着减价的条子，然而并不见买主，可是店里也并无怎样的货色;街道上满积着又细又粘的黄尘。
“这模样了，还要来攻它!”墨子想。
他在大街上前行，除看见了贫弱以外，也没有什么异样。
楚国要来进攻的消息，是也许已经听到了的，然而大家被攻得习惯了，自认是活该受攻的了，竟并不觉得特别，况且谁都只剩了一条性命，无衣无食，所以也没有什么人想搬家。
待到望见南关的城楼了，这才看见街角上聚着十多个人，好像在听一个人讲故事。
当墨子走得临近时，只见那人的手在空中一挥，大叫道：“我们给他们看看宋国的民气!我们都去死!”墨子知道，这是自己的学生曹公子的声音。
然而他并不挤进去招呼他，匆匆的出了南关，只赶自己的路。
又走了一天和大半夜，歇下来，在一个农家的檐下睡到黎明，起来仍复走。
草鞋已经碎成一片一片，穿不住了，包袱里还有窝窝头，不能用，便只好撕下一块布裳来，包了脚。
不过布片薄，不平的村路梗着他的脚底，走起来就更艰难。
到得下午，他坐在一株小小的槐树下，打开包裹来吃午餐，也算是歇歇脚。
远远的望见一个大汉，推着很重的小车，向这边走过来了。
住院医师眼科Ⅰ阶段：眼外伤考试试题
住院医师眼科Ⅰ阶段：眼外伤考试试题1、单选（江南博哥）患者，男性，30岁，工作时被化学液体溅入左眼，左眼剧痛、不能睁开，此时正确的处理是（）A.眼部滴用表面麻醉药缓解疼痛B.眼部滴用抗生素眼药水C.用化学液体的中和剂冲洗眼部D.利用就近水源充分冲洗眼部E.立即送医院急救答案：D本题解析：化学性眼外伤的现场急救措施是否得当，在很大程度上决定了伤眼的预后。
化学性眼外伤现场急救处理的原则是争分夺秒、因地制宜、彻底冲洗，因此，本题的正确答案是D。
2、单选患者，男性，45岁，因"左眼被拳头伤伴视力下降3小时"就诊。
眼部检查：Vod1．2，VosFC／30cm，小孔视力不能提高；左眼上下眼睑轻度瘀肿，结膜轻度水肿，混合充血（++），颞侧可见出血斑，角膜轻度水肿，前房深浅大致正常，血性房水，积血接近瞳孔中央，虹膜无明显震颤，瞳孔6mm×6mm，直接、间接对光反射消失，晶状体无明显混浊，眼底欠清。
右眼裂隙灯和眼底检查无特殊。
对该患者的急诊检查还需包括（）A.测量眼压B.眼眶CTC.UBM检查D.B超检查E.以上都对答案：A3、单选眼球贯通伤的治疗原则中，错误的是（）A.及时修复伤口B.恢复眼球结构完整性C.防治伤后感染D.防治并发症E.合并眼内异物者必须Ⅰ期取出答案：E本题解析：眼球贯通伤的治疗原则：及时修复伤口，恢复眼球结构完整；防治伤后感染和并发症。
对于较复杂的眼球贯通伤可初期严密缝合伤口，恢复前房，控制感染。
1～2周后再行内眼手术，处理外伤性白内障、玻璃体积血、眼内异物或视网膜脱离等。
4、单选局部应用糖皮质激素治疗眼化学伤的原则是（）A.通常禁用B.化学伤后第1周内可以使用C.化学伤后第2周内可以使用D.角膜开始溶解时应用E.出现前房积脓时使用答案：B本题解析：糖皮质激素对免疫性、机械性、化学性、感染性等因素所引起的炎症有抑制作用。
化学性眼外伤后第1周内及第4～5周应用糖皮质激素可以抑制炎症反应和新生血管形成，但在伤后2～3周内，角膜有溶解倾向，糖皮质激素可加重角膜胶原的降解及溃疡形成，应停用，故本题答案是B。
河南省 2020 年普通高等学校 专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试 《公共英语》
河南省2020年普通高等学校专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试《公共英语》注意事项：答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考场号、座位号、考生号填写在答题卡上。
本卷的试题答案必须答在答题卡上，答在卷上无效。
Part I Vocabulary and Structure(1x40)Directions :There are 40incomplete sentences in this part For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence,and then mark the corresponding leer on the Answer Sheet .1.There wasn’t anyone in the room at that time ,____________?A.isn’t there B.wasn’t there C.was there D.is there2.It was so noisy that the speaker couldn’t make himself ______________.A.hear B.hears C.hearing D.heard3.Walk another block and cross the traffic lights,and you will see the hotel ___________your left.A.by B.on C.in D.for4.Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator ,__________it will keep for two or three weeks.A.when B.that C.which D.where5.So little ___________about the British history that the lecture was completely beyond me.A.do I know B.I knew C.did I know D.I know6.Professor Smith had a little trouble ____________data for his research..A.collect B.collected C.collecting D.to collect7.If only I __________what you want now!A.known B.knew C.had known D.have known8.David has been studying here for three years and by next August he ____________.A.will graduate B.will be graduated C.will be graduating D.will have graduated9.Busy ____________she is,Catherine still does a lot of reading and writing after work.A.asB.howeverC.althoughD.since10.John wishes that he ____________in business instead of politics when he was at college.A.majored B.had majored C.have majored D.major 11.We still have two hours as the plane will not ____________until 10o’clock.A.take after B.take off C.take away D.take out 12.I don’t doubt ____________he will pass the examination.A.why B.that C.when D.whether13.Although Peter was in a hurry ,he stopped _____________an old lady with a heavy box.A.helping B.being helped C.to help D.helpedst week,the teacher,as well as a number of her students ,_____________to attend the meeting.A.was asked B.were asked C.had asked D.had been asked 15.Helen ___________a good job since she graduated from the university.A.doesn’t find B.hasn’t found C.didn’t find D.hadn’t found16.The reason why Beethoven went away to the country was ____________he was gradually going deaf.A.since B.as C.for D.that17.We will go to visit the Great Wall next year _____________we have enough money.A.unless B.lest C.until D.provided 18.Only when the war was over in 1945_________to his hometown.A.he returned B.did he return C.he did return D.had he returned 19._____________a wonderful trip he had in China !A.Where B.How C.That D.What A.ran away20.Tom ___________his former English teacher when he was shopping the day before yesterday.A.ran away B.ran up C.ran over D.ran into 21.When you have any difficulty,you could __________your friends for help.A.turn to B.turn out C.turn over D.turn on 22.My new job is good _________salary,but it does not seem to have opportunities for Promotion.A.in charge of B.in case of C.in terms of D.in favor of 23.You will be able to pass the examination if you do not lose ___________.A.weight B.heart C.temper D.sight24.The policeman had to let him go,for there wasn't enough ___________to prove his guilt.A.sign B.scene C.evidence D.symbol 25.The employee’s demand for a pay rise was ____________by his boss.题号一二三四五六总分分值402040201020150班级：姓名：准考证号：A.refusedB.resultedC.reviewedD.requested26.He is as__________as a donkey doing everything in his own way and refusing to listen to Advice.A.strictB.stubbornC.objectiveD.particular27.After a long summer holiday,Tom finds it difficult to_____________himself to the busy life on campus.A.adoptB.carryC.liftD.adjust28.Travelers had better get their reservations well_____________advance if they fly during the Christmas holidays.A.aboveB.outC.withD.in29.This dictionary is very useful and I often___________the words I don't know in it.A.look atB.look upC.look forD.look into30.Two__________the students in our school will go to the summer camp.A.hundreds ofB.hundredsC.hundredD.hundred of31.I hear you are going hiking this weekend.Would you mind if I___________?e one upe oute along32.Jenny came here to____________that everything was all right.A.think ofB.try outC.think overD.make sure33.Mrs.Smith is kind and always____________her help to others.A.offersB.makesC.sharesD.receives34.It is too bright and sunny.Why not_____________your sunglasses?A.conveyB.wearC.breakD.clean35.In_________most countries,a university degree can give you___________flying start in your career.A.the;aB.the;/C./;/D./;a36.If you find this question too difficult to____________,it is advisable to leave it as it is and move on to the next one.A.work outB.work onC.work forD.work at37._____________of the twins was arrested because I saw them both at a party last night.A.NoneB.BothC.NeitherD.All38.If I take this medicine three times a day,it should_________my cold.A.healB.cureC.treatD.recover39.Being chased by a dog,Jack jumped_____________the fence.A.upB.overC.onD.from40.Self-criticism is very necessary___________it helps us to find and correct our mistakes.A.by thatB.at thatC.on thatD.in thatPartⅡCloze(1×20)Directions:There are20blanks in the following passage.For each of the blank there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer SheerThroughout history man has had to accept the fact that all living things must die,but people now live longer than they___41______.Yet,all living things still show the____42______of aging,which will eventually____43_______death.Aging is not a disease,but as a person passes maturity,the cells of the body and the_____44______they form do not function as well as they______45_______in childhood and adolescence(青春期).The body provides less ____46_____against disease and is more inclined______47______have an accident.A number of related causes may_____48______aging.Some cells of the body have a fairly long life,but they are not_____49_______when they die.As a person ages,_____50________of brain cells and muscle cells decreases._____51_______body cells die and are replaced by new cells.In an aging person the_____52_______cells may not be as viable(能生存的)or as capable ______53_______growth as those of a young person.Another_____54_______aging may be changes within the cells____55______.Some of the protein chemicals in cells are known______56________with age and become less elastic （有弹性的）.This is why the skin of old people wrinkles and______57_____.This is also the reason why old people shrinks in_____58_______.There may be other more important chemical changes in the cells.Some complex cell chemicals,such as DNA and RNA,store and _____59____information that the cells need.Aging may affect this______60______and change the information carrying molecules so that they do not transmit the information as well.41.A.would B.be used to ed to ed42.A.function B.courage C.affect D.sign43.A.lead in B.give in C.run into D.result in44.A.hands B.feet C.heart ans45.A.do B.has done C.did D.had don46.A.energy B.protection C.vigor D.power47A.to B.with C.for D.of48.A.attend to B.contribute to C.add to D.devote to49.A.replaced B.rebuilt C.recovered D.surrendered50.A.a number B.the amount C.the number D.a great deal51.A.The others B.Others C.Another D.Other52.A.old B.left C.new D.young53.A.to B.for C.of D.in54.A.factor B.effect C.reason D.element55.A.for themselves B.of themselves C.themselves D.on their own56.A.change B.to have changed C.to change D.to bechanged57.A.hangs loose B.hangs loosely C.is hanging loosely D.is hanging loose58.A.body B.height C.shape D.skin59.A.pass away B.pass by C.pass off D.Pass on60.A.improvement B.procession C.approach D.processPartⅢReading Comprehension(2x20)Directions:There are4passages in this part Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete sentences.For each of them there are4choices marked A,B,C,and D.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneDoctors have known for a long time that extremely loud noises can cause hearing damage or loss.The noise can be the sound of a jet airplane or machines in factories or loud music or other common sounds found at home or at work.A person only needs to hear the noise for a little more than one second to be affected.An American scientist has found that using aspirin can increase the temporary hearing loss or damage from loud noise.He did an experiment, using a number of male students at a university who all had normal hearing.He gave them different amounts of aspirin for different periods of time,and then he tested their hearing ability, He found that the students who were given four grams of aspirin a day for two days suffered much greater temporary hearing loss than those who did not use aspirin.The hearing loss was about two times as great.The scientist said millions of people in the United States use much larger amounts of aspirin than were used in the study.He said these people face a serious danger of suffering hearing loss from loud noise.61.Hearing damage loss may be caused by_____________.A.loud musicB.the sound of a jet airplane or machinesmon sounds at home or at workD.all of the above62.The passage suggests that one's hearing_________________.A.will be damaged even if he hears a loud noise for a little more than one secondB.will be damaged even if he hears a loud noise for a little less than one secondC.will not be damaged even if he hears a loud noise for a little more than one secondD.will not be damaged even if he hears a loud noise for a little less than one second63.According to this passage,we can draw a conclusion that aspirin___________.A.should never be taken more than four grams a dayB.makes hearing damage from noise worseC.decreases hearing damage by two timesD.should never be taken for more than two dayslions of Americans are in danger of suffering hearing loss from loud noise because they ____________.A.take too much aspirinB.like listening to loud musicC.make loud noise at home and at workD.often take jet airplanes65.The scientist found from his experiment that____________a day for two days would affecta person’s hearing.A.one gram of aspirinB.two grams of aspirinC.three grams of aspirinD.four grams of aspirinPassage TwoIt is exciting to apply for a job that really appeals to you.In making your application,there are a number of points for you to observe.In your letter of application,say just enough to give a good account of yourself without being wordy.If you are answering an advertisement,any information for which it asks must,of course,be given.This will usually cover your academic record and any further education and training.You may also be asked to give the names of one or two persons to supply references. For this purpose you should choose people who know you well enough to vouch(保证)for your character and ability;and to be polite,you should seek in advance their permission to be named as referees.It will depend on circumstances how much you can carefully add about yourself.Your purpose is to bring to the notice of the employer any good reason why you rather than any of the other applicants should be chosen for the job.Therefore,if you feel you have any special skill or talent for the work,or particular interest in the line of the business,let it be known.Finally,there is your use of language,You cannot go wrong if you keep your sentences and paragraphs short,making sure the sense is clear and well-expressed.Choose plain words so long as they convey the meaning.66.The aim of writing a letter of application is to_________________.A.indicate why you are the most suitable for the jobB.reveal to the employer your academic recordC.show your character and abilityD.give more information about yourself67.In your letter of application,try to________________.A.keep it as long as possibleB.give more information about your education and trainingC.cover more of your academic recordD.say briefly with enough information68.The author suggests you choose__________words so long as they can express your meaning.A.beautifulB.plainC.specialD.particular69.The underlined word"referees"in Paragraph2refers to people_____________.A.who examine the application lettersB.who write reference books for the employeesC.who solve problems for the employersD.who give you reference letters70.Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A.Making a Job ApplicationB.Effective Letter WritingC.Writing Letters to EmployersD.Writing for AdvertisementsPassage ThreeHomestays provide English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home.What to ExpectThe host will provide accommodation and meals.Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers will be changed at least once a week.You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health.Homestays are located in London,mainly Zone2.Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is commercial and not residential.Zones3and4often offer larger accommodation in a less crowded area.It is very convenient to travel in London by undergroundMeal Plans Available◊Continental Breakfast◊Breakfast and Dinner◊Breakfast,Packed Lunch and DinnerIt's important to note that few English families still provide a traditional cooked breakfast.Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice, cereal,bread and tea or coffee.Cheese,fruit and cold meat are not normally part of a Continental Breakfast in England.Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by dessert,Fruit and coffee.FriendsIf you wish to invite a friend over to visit,you must first ask your hosts permission.You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy.Self-Catering Accommodation in Private HomesAccommodation on a room-only basis includes the shared kitchen and bathroom facilities and often a main living room.This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the long-stay student.However,it does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay and may not benefit those who need to practise English at home quite as much.71.The passage is probably written for______________.A.hosts willing to receive foreign studentsB.foreigners hoping to build British cultureC.travelers planning to visit families in LondonD.English learners applying for living in British homes72.Which of the following will the host provide?A.Room cleaning.B.Medical care.C.Free transportD.Physical training73.What can be inferred from Paragraph3?A.Zone4is more crowded than Zone2B.The business centre of London is in Zone1C.Hosts dislike travelling to the city centre.D.Accommodation in the city centre is not provided74.According to the passage,what does Continental Breakfast include?A.Dessert and coffeeB.Fruit and vegetablesC.Bread and fruit juiceD.Cola and cold meat.75.Why do some people choose self-catering accommodation?A.To experience a warmer family atmosphereB.To enrich their knowledge of EnglishC.To entertain friends as they likeD.To enjoy much more freedomPassage FourThe native Americans,the people we call the"Indians",had been in America for many thousands of years before Columbus arrived in1492.Columbus thought he had arrived in India. so he called the native people"Indians”.The Indians were kind to the early settlers,They were not afraid of them and they wanted to help them.They showed the settlers the new world around them.They taught them about the local crops like sweet potatoes,corn and peanuts.They introduced the Europeans to chocolate and to the turkey;and the Europeans did business with the Indians.But soon the settlers wanted bigger farms and more land for themselves and their families.More and more immigrants were coming from Europe and all these people needed land. So the Europeans started to take the land from the Indians.Naturally,when the whites started taking all the Indian’s land,the Indians started fighting back.But the whites were stronger and cleverer.Slowly they pushed the Indians into those parts of the continent that the whites didn't want-the parts where it was too cold or too dry or too mountainous to live comfortably.By1875 the Indians were living in special places called"reservations".But even here the whites took landfrom them-perhaps the whites wanted the wood,or perhaps the land had important minerals in it, or they even wanted to make national parks there,So even on their reservations the Indians were not safe from the whites.There are many Hollywood films about the fight between the Indians and the whites. Usually in these films the Indians are bad and the whites are good and brave,But was it really like that?What do you think?Do you think the Indians were right or wrong to fight against the whites?76.Why did Columbus call the native people"Indians"?A.Because he thought he had arrived in IndiaB.Because he knew they were from IndiaC.Because he liked Indian culture very muchD.Because he was an Indian himself77.How did the Indians react to the early settlers'arrival at first?A.They were angry at the early settlersB.They seldom helped the early settlersC.They fought against the early settlers fiercelyD.They were warm-hearted and kind to the early settlers78.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.The settlers wanted to buy land from the IndiansB.The Indians were stronger and cleverer than the settlersC.The whites even wanted more land on Indians’reservationsD.The Indians gave up their land willingly79.We can learn from the last paragraph that________________.A.films about the fight between the Indians and the whites are very limitedB.the Indians are usually beautified in the filmsC.the author is doubtful about what the films show to usD.films about fights are the most popular ones in the market80.The passage is most probably taken from the_______________column of a newspaper.A.entertainmentB.historyC.economyD.culture PartⅣTranslation(2×10)Directions:There are10sentences in this part,Please translate sentences81-85from Chinese into English,and translate sentences86-90from English into Chinese.Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.81.我们现在住的房子离公司太远了。
2023-2024学年度高二年级阶段性考试语文试题含答案解析
2023-2024学年度高二年级阶段性考试语文试题一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读Ⅰ（19分）1. 阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
材料一：“义”与“利”的关系，是中国思想史上争辩不休的一个大问题。
先秦儒家认为“义”和“利”是对立的。
孔子说：“君子喻于义，小人喻于利。
”孟子说：“何必言利，亦有仁义而已矣。
”他们认为，对利的追求是造成社会混乱、国家动荡的根源。
实际上，儒家也并不是根本不言利，只是要把义放在首位，反对后义而先利罢了。
在这个问题上，墨家和儒家有所不同。
由于墨子把“利”作为实践“兼爱”的行为准则，因此，在墨子那里，“利”也就是“义”，“重利”也就是“贵义”，二者是统一的。
这里有一个对于“利”的不同理解的问题。
孔子和孟子所谓的“利”，指的是专“利吾国”“利吾家”“利吾身”的狭隘“私利”。
虽然他们也提出什么“天下为公”，但这个“天下”只是封建君主的“家天下。
”。
墨子所谓的“利”，则是“爱利万民”“天下之利”的“公利”。
维护这样的公利，正是仁义的要求、道德的标准。
很明显，在墨家那里，“天下之利”“人民之大利”，是最高的伦理准则。
墨子认为“义”就是“利”，“利”就是“义”，主张贵义重利，追求义利合一。
墨子认识到，人类首先必须求得生存，为了生存，就不能不追求物质利益。
所以，避苦求乐、趋利避害是人的天性，“利，所得而喜也”，“害，所得而恶也”。
利和害、苦和乐都是相对的，人们通过比较权衡，利中取大，害中取小，趋利避害，此种行为上至王公贵族，下至平民百姓，莫不如此。
墨子从人性的角度，论证了人们追求物质利益的合理性，对人们的求利动机给予了有力的辩护。
墨子认为公利，即社会的整体利益是至上的，个人只能作为群体的部件而行动，任何人只有维护并实现了整体利益，个人利益才能得到显现。
在他利与自利之间，应该从他利出发再到自利。
虽然墨子重视天下之利，把“亏人”“自利”视为人们互不相爱的思想根源，但是墨子并不是笼统地反对“自利”，墨子反对的是“亏人”而“自利”、损人而利己的行为。
管理经济学阶段试题2
工商管理硕士(MBA)阶段考试题2考试科目: 管理经济学考试形式: 闭卷考试班级: 考生姓名:考试成绩:一.选择题：1．如果在需求曲线上有一点的需求价格弹性值为2，价格为20单位，则边际收益为（）。
①10；②20；③30；④40。
2．据估计，上海居民消费的电力需求的长期价格弹性值为 1.2,电力与天然气的交叉弹性为0.2,若长期中电力价格上升1%,天然气的价格需变化多少才能抵消电力价格对需求量的影响。
（）①上升1%；②上升1.2%; ③上升6%; ④上升12%。
3．某公司估计其产品的需求收入弹性为1.6如果国民经济处于快速发展时期,该公司发展速度应（）。
①快于国民经济发展速度；②等于国民经济发展速度；③小于国民经济发展速度；④以上都不对。
4．通常，人们的收入水平提高，则食物支出在总支出中所占比重将（）。
①下降；②稍有增加；③大大增加；④不变。
5．过去几年,自来水公司一直处于亏损,你认为该公司应采取何种价格策略（）。
①提价；②降价；③价格不变；④无法确定。
二、判断题：（要求改正错误。
）1.汉堡包与热狗之间的需求交叉弹性为正值。
错，为负值。
2.如果需求曲线是一条直线，那么任意两点间的需求弹性一定相等。
错，完全富有弹性的产品，需求曲线是一条直线，但是任意两点间的需求弹性是不一样的。
3.X和Y两产品的交叉弹性为-2.5,则X和Y是正常商品。
错，为负是替代品。
4．某产品的供给弹性无穷大，当该产品的需求增加时，则均衡价格和均衡产量同时增加。
错，均衡价格不变，均衡产量增加。
5．某商品的价格从3美元降到2美元，需求量将从9单位增加到11单位，则该商品卖者的总收益增加。
错，总收益减少。
三、问答题1．根据需求弹性理论解释“薄利多销”和“谷贱伤农”这两句话的含义。
2．说明为什么两种物品为替代品时需求交叉弹性为正值，为互补品时交叉弹性为负值?3．举例说明弹性理论在企业定价策略中的应用。
四、计算分析题1．某公司经理估计该公司产品的需求价格弹性是-0.8，需求收入弹性是1.5。
公共政策学第3阶段测考试试题3a上传
江南大学现代远程教育第三阶段测试卷考试科目:《公共政策学》第九章至第十一章（总分100分）时间：90分钟_一、单项选择(从下列各题四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案。
答案选错或未选者，该题不得分。
每小题2分，共20分)1、政策实施的（A）是检验政策是否正确的根据A、效果B、影响C、效率D、反馈2、（B）是公共政策的执行者，研究者和责任的承担者A、政策研究机构B、政策执行机构C、利益团体D、政府官员3、政策评估核心是集中关注（A）的活动及其对社会影响A、公共部门B、决策者C、决策机构D、民间组织4、政策终结过程要重视交流与沟通，消除（A）A、心理抵触情绪B、主观臆断C、社会影响D、领导权威5、在执行政策过程中，如果得到政策实施对象的支持和遵守，政策效能就（B）A、低B、高C、不变D、都不是6、政策实施中把政策作为一个整体看待，这是政策实施的（C）A、原则性B、灵活性C、整体性D、建设性7、对政策实施后的效果进行判断是（B）A、政策形成B、政策评估C、政策修正D、政策终结8、下列哪些属于内部评估者（A）A、政府机构的政策研究室B、民间研究组织C、压力集团D、公共利益组织9、从政策作用的对象的感受出发来对政策效果予以评定称为（A）A、对象评定法B、自评法C、对比法D、德尔菲法10、当一项政策终结威胁到组织自身的存在时，我们称这个因素为（B）A、心理抵触B、组织惯性C、认知的局限D、法律延迟二、多项选择（从备选答案中选出二至四个正确答案，并将其代号写在后面的括号内。
答案未选全者得1分，选错，该题不得分。
每小题3分，共15分）1、政策实施可以概括为（ABC）过程A、政策实施B、政策结果C、政策纠正D、政策检验2、下列（ABCD）属于政策评估的机构A、政府内部评估B、民间的研究组织C、压力集团D、公共利益组织3、政策评估的类型包括（ABCD）A、政策过程评估B、政策影响评估C、政策效果评估D、元评估4、政策终结是（BCD）的新起点A、政策变革B、政策更新C、政策发展D、政策进步5、政策创新的内容包括（ABCD）A、政策内容的创新B、政策运行过程中环节的创新C、技术手段的创新D、思想观念和思维方法的创新三、名词解释(每题5分，共15分)1、旧制度主义：从正式制度及成文规则的角度来探讨制度对公共政策的影响，表明公共政策必须在即有制度框架下运作，它比较少关注制度中个人活动的要素，忽略个人活动与制度的相互作用和相互影响。
2024届浙江省镇海中学高三5月校阶段性考试英语试题(含答案)
镇海中学2024届校模拟考英语试题2024.5 第一部分听力(共两节，满分 30分)第一节(共5 小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)所下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项.听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍.1. Who will the woman go to New York win?A. Her aunt.B. Her friend.C. Her college teache r.2. What does the man do?A. He is a writer.B. He is a doctor.C. He is a painter.3. What did the woman do last night?A. She went to a restaurant.B. She watched a football game.C. She worked on a presentation.4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. The trip to Ttaly,B. Things to eat for lunch.C. Their favorite sandwiches.5. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a school.B. In a hospital.C. In a bookstore.第二节 (共15 小题；每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项.听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读备舍小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍.听第6段材料，回答第6、7题.6. How much do most people donate to the fund each year?A. About £12.00.B. About£24.00.C. About€100.00.7. How will the woman donate to the fund?A. By cash.B. By her credit card.C. Thro ugh her bank account.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题.8. How is the woman feeling about her upcoming birthday?A. Expectant.B. Stressed.C. Upset.9. Why doesn't the woman want to have a big party?A. It's expensive.B. It's very boring.C. It requir es a lot of work.10. What does the man offer to do for the woman?A. Buy a birthday gift for her.B. Bake a birthday cake for her.C. Organize a birthday party for her.听第8段材料, 回答第11 至 13 题。
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期末综合测试（时间60分钟，100分）
一、单项选择题（每题2分，40分）
1．关于经线和纬线的叙述正确的是[ ]
A．所有经线都与本初子午线平行 B．纬度越低，纬线越长
C．经线和纬线都长度相等 D．纬线指示南北方向
2．关于地球公转的叙述，正确的是[ ]
A．地球公转的方向与地球自转的方向一样，都是自东向西
B．地球公转的轨道近似正圆，公转一周的时间为一个月
C．地球公转时，地轴是倾斜的，而且它的空间指向保持不变
D．地球公转产生了昼夜更替现象
3．南南合作是指：[ ]
A、南北美洲之间各国的合作
B、亚洲与大洋州之间的政治后、经济的合作
C、发展中国家之间的互助合作
D、发达国家之间的互助合作
4我国于2001年12月正式加入的国际组织是: [ ]
A 世界贸易组织 B.亚太经合组织 C.上海合作组织 D.东南亚国家联盟
5．通常情况下，一天当中陆地最高气温出现在（）
A.正午12点前
B.正午12点
C.正午12点后
D.午后2点
6.一年当中，南半球大陆月平均气温最高值出现在（）
A.七月
B.八月
C.一月
D.二月
7．某点以西是西半球，以东是东半球，以南有极昼极夜现象，以北为温带地区，这一点地理坐标应是[ ]
A．23.5°N，180° B．66.5°N，180°
C．66.5°S ， 20°W D．66.5°S，160°E
8、当太阳光线直射赤道时，下列各地哪个太阳高度角最低[ ]
A、100N
B、500N
C、200S
D、800S
9、关于世界海陆分布的说法，正确的是[ ]
A、北极地区以陆地为主
B、南极地区以海洋为主
C、有两块大陆被赤道穿过
D、地球上三分是陆地七分是海洋
10、下列说法中错误的是[ ]
A、北京一年四季当中，夏季的正午太阳高度最高
B、北京处在正午时，华盛顿正是黑夜，这是由于每一时刻，太阳只能照亮地球的一半
C、从北极上空看，地球的自转方向是顺时针
D、太阳每天东升西落，是由于地球自西向东的自转形成的
11．下列搭配中，正确的是[ ]
A、西亚——白种人——佛教——发展中国家
B、巴西——黄种人——西班牙语——发展中国家
C、美国——白种----基督教——发达国家
D、日本——黄种人——日语——发展中国家
12．1950年以后，人口的增长速度，一般地说[ ]
A．发展中国家人口增长快 B．发展中国家人口增长慢
C．发达国家人口增长快 D．人口增长的速度世界各地是相同的
13、关于四大洋叙述正确的是[ ]
A、太平洋和欧洲相邻C、太平洋底有世界上最深的海沟—马里亚纳海沟
B、印度洋的平面轮廓呈S形D、北冰洋是唯一有冰山的洋
14．世界上使用人数最多的语言是[ ]
A．英语 B．汉语 C．俄语 D．阿拉伯语
15．下列常见符号表示阴天的天气是[ ]
16．下列建筑中，属于伊斯兰教的是[ ]
A．清真寺 B．布达拉宫
C．日本神社 D．巴黎圣母院
17．下列有关聚落差异的叙述，正确的是[ ]
A.世界各地自然环境没有差异，只是民族生活习惯不同，建筑风格不同
B.由于自然环境的差异，民族生活习惯，历史文化，宗教信仰等不同，形成了不同的建
筑风格
C.世界各地的聚落居民，建筑外貌不同，建筑材料相同
D.世界各地的聚落，建筑材料，建筑外貌，建筑风格完全相同
18．关于聚落的发展与保护说法正确的是[ ]
A.随着社会的发展，聚落的不断扩大，所有过去的一切旧的聚落建筑都应全部拆除，建
新的聚落建筑
B.在城市与乡村的发展中，所有的旧的聚落建筑都要保存下来，作为历史文化留作纪念，
新的聚落建筑另辟新的土地
C.处理好聚落发展与保护的关系，是各个国家自己的事情，与其他国家无关
D.处理好聚落发展与保护的关系，是全人类共同面临的问题
19．下列不属于世界人口密集的地区的是 [ ]
A 亚洲东部
B 欧洲西部
C 非洲北部
D 北美洲东部
20．“我们这里四季分明，夏季炎热，经常下雨，冬季寒冷，很干燥。
”的气候特征是下列哪个地区的学生介绍的。
[ ]
A.撒哈拉地区
B.北京
C.西伯利亚地区
D.亚马孙平原
二、填空题（每空1分，30分）
1．世界上面积最大的国家是________，人口最多的国家是________，人口居第二位的国家是________。
________洲现在还没有国家。
2．和平共处的五项基本原则是____________________ 、 _____ _、___ 、。
3.被联合国确定为工作语言的有、、、、、、
这六种
4.世界三大宗教是、、。
5．人类必须控制自己。
做到有________地生育，使人口的增长与________、________的发展相适应，与________、________相协调。
并且要提高人口________。
6．地球上的人类可以分为三个主要人种：________、________、________。
7．地球内部能量的剧烈释放，主要有两种形式：和，它们都能够在很短的时间内改变。
三、综合题（每空1分，共58分）
1、读下面的六大板块示意图，完成下列要求：（6分）
(1)填写板块名称：。
①_____________②_____________③_____________。
(2)在图中适当位置上，用字母填注：
a苏伊士运河，b巴拿马运河。
(3)在图中用笔勾出环太平洋火山地震带的大致位置2．读下面图形完成下列练习：（17分）
（1）写出图中字母所表示的大洲名称
A．________ B．________
C．________ D．________
（2）写出图中数字所表示的大洋名称
①________ ②________
③________ ④________
（3）七大洲中，纬度最高的是________，面积最大的是________。
（4）位于北半球、东临大西洋、西临太平洋的是________洲，位于西半球、离南极洲近的是________洲；位于南半球、东临太平洋、西临印度洋的是________洲；位于东半球、赤道穿过中部的是________洲。
（5）四大洋中，面积最大的是________洋。
纬度最高的是________洋。
轮廓形状像“S”的是________洋。
3．绘图题（7分）
（1）根据气候资料，在下图中绘制该地的全年气温曲线图和各月降水量柱状图。
（6分）（2）下图气候类型分布在________（南或北）半球。
在上图（13题图）中找出气候类型相对应的地点（1分）
参考答案
一、选择题
1.B
2.C
3.C
4.A
5.D
6.C
7.C
8.D
9.D 10.C 11.C 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.C
16.A 17.B 18.D 19.C 20.B
二、填空题
１、俄罗斯、中国、印度、南极洲２、各国应遵守互相尊重主权和领土完整、互不侵犯、互不干涉内政、和平共处、平等互利的五项基本原则３、汉语、法语、俄语、西班牙语、英证、阿拉伯语 4、佛教、伊斯兰教、基督教 5、计划、社会、经济、环境、资源、素质
6、白种人、黄种人、黑种人
7、地震、火山，地表形态
三、综合题
1.(1)美洲板块，印度洋板块，南极洲板块(2)略(3)略
2.(1)A亚洲B北美洲C非洲D南美洲(2)①太平洋②大西洋③印度洋④北冰洋
(3)南极洲、太平洋(4)北美洲、南美洲、大洋洲、非洲
(5)太平洋，北冰洋，大西洋
3.(1)略(2)北。