词汇晨读16-2020届江苏高考英语3500词汇读练测
2020届江苏高考英语3500词汇读练测
词汇晨读16
说明：①本系列资料的例句尽可能多地选自高考真题或各地模拟试题；
②凡是形容词+ly构成的副词在本系列资料【拓展】栏目里不予列出。
(nail—oxygen)
nail n. ①钉，钉子：Take care! There is a nail sticking out of the chair.当心！凳子上有个钉子突出来了。
②指甲，趾甲：Cut your nails often and keep your hands clean.常剪指甲，保持双手清洁。
【拓展】hit the nail on the head说到点子上了，一针见血，击中要害：
—I think it would civilize people a bit more if they had decent conditions.
—I think you’ve hit the nail on the head.
“我认为，如果人们有良好的环境，就会更有教养一点。”“我想你说到点子上了。”
Your analysis really hit the nail on the head.你的分析确实一针见血。
name n.名字，名称：A person by/of the name of Smith wants to see you.一个名叫史密斯的要见你。
v.①命名，名叫：The machine is named after its inventor.这部机器是以其发明者的名字命名的。
②叫出……的名字：
The little boy named Tom asked me to give him a hand.那个叫汤姆的小男孩要我帮他一把。
【拓展】用于情景交际：You name it你要什么尽管讲：
I can memorize many English words, you name it, I can write it out.
我的英语词汇量很大，你尽管说出来，我就能写出来。
I also enjoy windsurfing, tennis, racquetball, swimming, you name it.
我也喜欢帆板、网球、短柄墙球、游泳等等，不一而足。
narrow adj.①狭窄的，勉强的：
On his way home he came to a narrow bridge over a stream.
在回家的路上，他来到一条跨越在小河上的狭窄的桥。
I was really lucky. Not many people could have a narrow escape.
我的确幸运。并不是很多人可以死里逃生。
②范围小的，圈子小的：He has a narrow circle of friends.他交友不广。
nasty adj.极差的，恶劣的，令人厌恶的，不友好的，危险的，严重的，下流的：
I can’t be sure, but I think we may run into some nasty windstorms.
我不确定，但我们很可能进入恶劣的风暴中。
Mummy is so nasty to me when Daddy isn’t here.爸爸不在这儿时，妈妈对我很凶。
They’ve picked up a really nasty infection from something they’ve eat en.
他们因吃错东西而得了很严重的感染症。
He thought I was a character in one of his nasty stories.他把我当成他下流故事中的人物。
nation n.国家，民族，(全国)人民：The Chinese nation has a long history.中华民族历史悠久。
national adj.国家的，民族的，全国性的：
Word came that 30 firefighters gave their lives to our country in exchange for national property
security.消息传来，30名消防员为国家财产安全献出了生命。
China’s first aircraft carrier came out of Dalian harbor Wednesday, which was a national pride for
Chinese people.中国第一艘航空母舰周三在大连港下海，这是中华民族的骄傲。
The Qingming Festival, now a national holiday, allows more people to pay their respects to dead
relatives on what would otherwise be a workday like Friday.清明节，现在是一个全国性节日，允许
更多的人在周五这样的工作日向逝去的亲人表达敬意。
nationality n.①国籍：No matter what nationality you are, students in want of financial aid can get scholarships provided by many Chinese Universities.无论你是什么国籍，需要经济援助的学生都可以
得到中国大学的财政支持。
②民族：There are 56 nationalities in China.中国有56个民族。
nationwide adv.全国各地：
We study in a school whose fame is known nationwide and it is a school in which we can fully
develop our potential.我们在一个名气全国著名的学校，这是个我们能充分发挥潜能的学校。
A murderer has escaped from prison, so a nationwide search for him is under way.
一个杀人犯越狱了，因此，一场全国范围的搜捕正在进行。
Police are looking for him nationwide.警方正在全国各地寻找他。
native adj.本土的，本国的：native products 土特产
That sound doesn’t occur in his native language, so it is difficult for him to pronounce it.
那个声音在他的母语中不存在，所以对他来说很难发音。
My native language is Chinese.我的母语是汉语。
You can tell from his blue eyes that he isn’t native to China.
你可以从他的蓝眼睛看出他不是中国本土的人。
n.土著，本地人，本国人：
He is a Beijing native.他是土生土长的北京人。
natural adj.①自然的，天然的：Milk is the natural food for young babies.牛奶是婴儿的天然食品。
In the future, care for the environment will become very important as earth’s natural resources run
out.未来，随着地球上资源的耗尽，对环境的关心变得越来越重要。
②天生的：It’s natural for a child to love its mother.孩子爱母亲，这是常情。
If he can combine his natural ability with hand work, he should be very successful.
如果你能把天生的能力和勤奋结合起来，你会很成功的。
③正常的，通常的：It’s natural for a child to love its mother.孩子爱母亲，这是常情。
④自然的，不做作的：Try to look natural for your photograph.拍照时要自然一点。
【拓展】在It’s natural后接的that从句，其谓语通常用“(should+)动词原形”这样的虚拟语气：It is natural that a child (should) love its mother.但如果只是叙述事实而不表示个人情感，也可
用陈述语气。
nature n.①自然，自然界：We enjoy the beauty of nature.我们欣赏自然之美。
②性质，本性，天性：She trusted people. That was her nature.她信任别人，这是她的天性。
To understand the nature of this challenge, we must first come to terms with the concept of a physical
field.为了理解这一挑战的本质，我们必须首先理解物理场的概念。
Newly released data point to an increase in technology use among children which some worry is
changing the very nature of childhood.最新公布的数据显示，科技在儿童中的使用有所增加，一些
人担心这正在改变儿童的天性。
【拓展】by nature天生地，生性；in nature性质/实质上，实际上：
He likes painting by nature.他天生喜欢绘画。
The rise of a major power is both economic and military in nature.
一个大国的崛起究其实质包括经济和军事两个方面。
navy n.海军：The navy is/are considering buying six new warships.海军正在考虑购买六艘新战舰。
near adj.近的：The post office is quite near.邮局就在附近。
A distant relative is not as good as a near neighbor.远亲不如近邻。
adv.附近，邻近，临近：We found some shops quite near.我们发现附近有几个商店。
As the final examinations draw near students begin to busy themselves with reviewing.
随着期末考试的临近，学生们开始忙于复习。
prep. ①在……附近，靠近：Come and sit near me.过来坐在我身旁。
②快要，差点：She came/went near being drowned.她差点淹死了。
nearby adj.附近的：a nearby town=a town nearby附近的村庄
He stayed in the village for three months, then moved to a nearby city.
他在村里住了三个月，然后搬到了附近的一个城市。
adv.附近：There is a hospital nearby.附近有家医院。
nearly adv.将近，几乎，差点：
It was nearly a week before the rescue team located the crashed plane.
救援队花了将近一周的时间才找到坠毁的飞机。
Mary nearly missed the flight as a result of doing too much shopping.
由于购物太多，玛丽差点错过了航班。
The boy nearly fell into the river.那男孩险些掉入河中。
neat adj.整洁的，简洁的，灵巧的：
Your house is always so neat—how do you manage it with three children?
你的房子总是很整洁——带着三个孩子你是怎么做到的？
He gave a neat summary of the financial situation.他对财务状况做了简要的概括。
Neat solutions are not easily found to these issues.很难找到解决这些问题的巧妙办法。
necessary adj.①必需的，必要的：
Susan is slow in doing anything, so it is necessary to urge her to complete the work on time.
苏珊做事很慢，所以有必要督促她按时完成工作。
Great care is necessary in doing it.做这件事必须非常小心。
Food is necessary for [to]life.食物对生命是必要的。
②必然的，必定的：Death is the necessary end of life.死亡是生命必然的终结。
【拓展】①It’s necessary后接that从句时常用虚拟语气：
It’s necessary that we(should)buy a computer.
=It’s necessary for us to buy a computer.我们买台电脑是有必要的。
②可与if, when, wherever等连词构成省略句(可以看成是省略了it is)：
She is quite fresh to office work. You had better offer her some suggestions when
necessary.她刚到办公室工作，你最好在必要时提供给她一些建议。
③necessity n.必要(性)，必需品：
There is agreement on the necessity of reforms.对改革的必要性已经达成了共识。
I thought it of great necessity to take your father’s advice into consideration.
让你爸爸再想一想是非常有必要的。
In a world, where computers rule our work and life, online searches have become a
necessity.在一个电脑控制着我们的工作和生活的世界中，网络搜索已经变成了生
活的一种必需品了。
neck n.颈，脖子：He tied a scarf around his neck.他脖子上围着围巾。
【拓展】risk one’s neck冒生命危险：
Leaves fell, lives drifted down! You risk your neck trying to climb that tree.
企图爬那棵树，你在冒生命危险。
necklace n.项链：He would like to buy a diamond necklace for his wife.他想为他的妻子买一条钻石项链。need n.①需要，需求：I was all right but in need of rest.我没事，就是需要休息一下。
②(常用复)必需品：material needs物质上的必需品
Everyone has needs, including material needs.每个人都有需求，包括物质上的需求。
She’s too poor to satisfy her family’s material needs.她太穷了，没办法满足她家里的物质需要。
modal v.有必要：Need you go so soon?你有必要那么早走吗？
v.需要：All plants and animals need water.所有的植物和动物都需要水。
【拓展】①needn’t do sth.与needn’t have done sth.不同，前者表示不必做某事，后者表示本来不必做的事却做了(含有责备或遗憾之意)：
You needn’t go so early.你不必去那么早。(即可以晚点去)
You needn’t have gone so early.你本来不必去那么早的。(即你去得太早了)
②用作情态动词时，后接动词原形，通常只用于否定句或疑问句，一般不用于肯定句；
用作实义动词时，可用于否定句、疑问句和肯定句，后接动词时通常用不定式，若
该不定式含有被动意味，也可用动名词的主动形式表示：
My coat needs to be mended.= My coat needs mending.我的外套需要修补了。
needle n.针，指针：If you give me a needle and thread, I’ll sew the button on your shirt.
你给我针线，我来帮你把纽扣缝在衬衣上。
negative adj.①消极的，负面的，否定的，阴性的：
If you assume a negative attitude and complain all the time, whoever works with you is going to feel
the same way.如果你采取一种消极的态度，总是抱怨，和你一起工作的人也会有同样的感觉。
The parents are making changes to their previous education methods, of whose negative effect they
begin to be aware.父母正在改变他们以前的教育方法，他们开始意识到这些方法的负面影响。
Dr. Smith gave a vague but negative response.史密斯医生给了一个含糊而否定的回答。
②坏的，有害的：The crisis had a negative effect on trade.这次危机对贸易产生了很坏的影响。neglect v.疏忽，忽略，忽视，遗漏：
I approv e of your trying to make some money, but please don’t neglect your studies.
我赞成你努力挣钱，但请不要忽视你的学业。
Don’t neglect minor issues.不要忽略枝节问题。
negotiate v.①谈判，协商，商谈：
We’ve decided to negotiate with the employers about our wage cl aim.
我们决定就工资问题与雇主谈判。
Since our contract is near its term we must negotiate a new one.
由于我们的合同快到期了，我们必须谈判新的合约。
②商定，达成协议：
How did you negotiate the deal on the benefit?你是怎么谈成那笔有利可图的交易的？
【拓展】negotiation n.协商，谈判：
Due to the fact that neither side would give in, the negotiation broke down in the end.
由于双方都不愿意让步，这个谈判最终以失败告终。
The price is a matter of negotiation.价格是可以协商的。
We have had meaningful negotiations and I believe we are very close to a deal
我们已进行了有益的磋商，我相信我们很快能成交。
neighbour(Am neighbor )n.邻居，邻国：
Don’t make so much noise or you’ll wake the neighbors.别那么大声，否则会把邻居吵醒的。
If its strategy succeeds, Mexico could even steal a march on its northern neighbour.
如果策略得当，墨西哥甚至可以赶在其北部邻国之前抢得先机。
neighbourhood(Am neighborhood)n.四邻，街坊，附近，居住区：
The whole neighborhood was there.街坊都在那里。
You’ll find it somewhere in the neighbourhood(of the station).你会在(车站)附近找到它。
It seemed like a good neighbourhood to raise my children.
它看起来像是一个有利于我的孩子们成长的理想居住区。
neither adj.(两者)都不：Neither answer is correct.两个答案都不对。
adv.也不：I don’t know and neither do I care.我不知道，我也不在乎。
conj.(用于neither… nor…)也不：He neither drinks nor smokes.他既不喝酒，也不抽烟。
(either…or…不是/要么……就是/要么……，表示两者之一。He must be either mad or drunk. 他要
么是疯了，要么是喝醉了。)
—Is either he or I fit for the job?他或者是我适合这个工作吗？
—Neither he nor you are.你们两个都不适合。
pron.两者都不：Two middle-aged passengers fell into the lake. Unfortunately, neither of them could swim.
两名中年乘客掉进湖里。不幸的是，他们俩都不会游泳。
nephew n.侄子，外甥(比较：niece 侄女，外甥女)
Grace, this is Jack and Lily, my nephew and niece.格蕾丝，这是杰克和莉莉，我的侄子和侄女。nervous adj.①紧张的，害怕的：
Naturally, you will feel a little nervous when you first perform for the public.
当然，第一次为公众表演时，你会感到紧张的。
One of the best ways to show confidence is to do it slowly, instead of rushing it. Nervous people
rush things to mask their nervousness.展示自信的最好方法之一是慢慢来，而不是操之过急。紧
张的人会匆忙做事来掩饰他们的紧张。
He’s nervous about/of staying al one at night.他害怕晚上一个人呆着。
②神经质的，神经过敏的：
She was apparently a very nervous woman, and that affected her career.
她显然是一个很神经质的女人，这一点影响了她的事业。
【拓展】nerve n.焦虑，神经，勇气，胆量：
As is well-known, the brain performs a very important function,which controls the nerve
system of the body.众所周知，大脑起着重要的作用，它控制着人体的神经系统。
I hit a nerve when I mentioned her dead mother.
当我提到她死去的母亲时，我触到了她的伤心处。
It really gets on my nerves它让我心神不宁。
nest n.巢，窝，穴：When a bird’s nest is overturned, no egg can remain intact.覆巢之下无完卵。
The husband and wife built themselves a comfortable nest.夫妻共筑了一个安乐窝。
net n.网，网状物：
Knowledge is like a fishing net; the wider and stronger it is, the more fish it catches.
知识像一张鱼网；鱼网越宽越强，网住的鱼就越多。
You will need a mosquito net to keep off the tropic insects.你需要一个蚊帐以防热带昆虫叮咬。
network n.①网络，网状系统：a network of computers计算机网络
Telecom aims to supply standard operating systems, databases and network products to its 100,000
computer users.电信的目标是为其10万名电脑用户提供标准操作系统、数据库和网络产品。
②广播网，电视网：An American network says it has obtained the recordings.
美国一家广播网声称已经得到了那些录音材料。
never adv.从未，永不：Time flies like an arrow, and time lost never returns.阴似箭，一去不复返。
【拓展】除祈使句外一般不用在句首，假若用于句首，此时句子要用倒装语序：
Never have I met such a person before.我以前从未见过这样的人。
Never did I see him again.后来我再也没见过他。
never跟动词不定式表示结果：
What was worse, his father disappeared the next year, never to be found again.
更为糟糕的是，他的父亲第二年就失踪了，人们再也没有找到他。
nevertheless adv.尽管如此，然而：
Our defeat was expected but it is disappointing nevertheless.
我们的失败是意料中的事，尽管如此，还是令人失望。
The news may be unexpected; nevertheless, it is true.这消息可能是出乎意料的，然而是真实的。new adj.①新的：Happy New Year!新年快乐！
China took on a new look after China’s accession to the WTO at the beginning of the new century.
在新世纪之初加入世贸组织之后，中国呈现了新面貌。
②新鲜的：Come, drink your new milk while it is warm.好吧，把鲜牛奶趁热喝下去吧。
③初次(听到)的，生疏的：That information is new to me.那消息我还初次听到。
news n.新闻，消息：The front pages are, as usual, a mixture of domestic and foreign news.
像平常一样，头版上刊登着国内外新闻。
newspaper n.报纸：There’s not much news in today’s newspaper, is there?今天的报纸上没有多少新闻，是吗? next adj. ①最近的，紧挨着的：May I have the next dance?我能和您跳下一个舞吗？
②下一次，下一个：Who’s the next speaker?下一个谁发言？
adv.①随后，下一步：My turn comes next after yours.你之后轮到我。
②下次，其次：Whose turn is it to treat next?下次该谁请客？
【拓展】①(the)next time下一次(引导时间状语从句)：
Remember to send me a photo of us next time you write to me.
下次写信给我时，记得给我邮一张我们的照片。
Come to see us next time you are in town.下次进城来，到我们这里来玩。
next time(下次)有两个用法，一是句中起副词作用，用作状语，此时其前不能用定冠词；
二是在句中起连词作用，引导时间状语从句，此时其前可用定冠词(也可省略)。
②next to紧挨着，仅次于，几乎：
The man living next to me works very hard, going out early and returning late every day.
住在我旁边的那个人工作很努力，每天早出晚归。
It is the largest city next to London.它是仅次于伦敦的最大城市。
③next n.下一个人(东西)：
Mary came first and Jim was the next to come.玛丽是第一个来的，吉姆是跟着到的。nice adj.令人愉快的，宜人的，好的，漂亮的，友好的，好心的：
It’s nice to see you again. We haven’t seen each other since 2014.
很高兴再次见到你。自2014年以来，我们彼此就没有见过。
It’s very nice of you to come and see us.=You are very nice to come and see us.你来看我们，实在太好了。
【拓展】nice and(后接形容词或副词，表示满意或赞赏)很，挺，……得很：
Tom is nice and lovely, but he can be very naughty at times.汤姆很可爱，但是他有时也很淘气。
It’s nice and warm by the fire.火炉边很暖和。
You’ll have to be up nice and early.你得很早起身。
Even in the winter with the rain beating down, it’s nice and cozy in there.
即使在大雨倾盆的冬天，那里也挺舒适的。
niece n.侄女，外甥女(比较：nephew=侄子，外甥)
night n.夜，夜间，晚上：
The city was under attack during the night.这座城市在夜间受到攻击。
Night fell quickly.夜色很快降临。
He passed a sleepless night.他度过一个不眠之夜。
【拓展】①all night (long)整夜，通宵：
The nurse sat by the patient all night (long).护士整夜守在病人身旁。
②at night在晚上：These animals only come out at night.这些动物只在晚上才出来。
③night and day日夜，日日夜夜(=day and night)：
The earth moves night and day.地球昼夜不停地转。
④one night一天晚上/夜里，哪天晚上/夜里：
One night he was called to see a woman.一天夜里，有人打来电话，请他去给一位妇女看病。
How would you like to have dinner one night?哪天晚上一起吃饭怎么样？
no adv.①不，不是：A man cannot lift it, no, nor half a dozen.一个人举不起，不，五六个人也举不起。
②(与比较级连用)并不，毫不：The sick man is no better.那病人一点也没有好转。
adj. ①没有：No words can express my grief.我的忧伤无法用语言表达。
②不准：No smoking!禁止吸烟！
③并非，绝不：This is no joke.这绝不是开玩笑。
No.(=number) n.数字，号码：Room No.805 805房间Bus No.106 106路公共汽车Nos.1-5 第1至5号He lives at No.68 Hongxing Street.他住在红星街68号。
noble adj.高贵的，贵族的，高尚的，崇高的：
He claimed he was a man of noble birth.他声称自己出身贵族。
—I think he is selfish.我认为他很自私。
—On the contrary, he is very noble and generous.恰恰相反，他很慷慨很高尚。
nobody n.小人物，无足轻重的人：
A man in my position has nothing to fear from a nobody like you.
处在我这样位置的人，一点都不害怕像你这种小人物。
Admit it or not, Lang Lang was just a nobody before he came to the US.
不管你同不同意，郎朗在来美之前只是一个无足轻重的人。
pron.没有人，谁也不：Nobody expected there to be so many changes in our life in the 1970s.
在20世纪70年代，没有人预料到我们的生活发生了这么多变化。
【拓展】其后一般不接表示范围的of短语，遇此情况可用none of代之：
None of them went to see the film.他们当中没有一个人去看电影。
nod v.①点头，点头表示：
She nodded (her head) when she passed me in the street.在街上她从我身旁经过时，向我点了点头。
We are only nodding acquaintances.我们仅仅一面/点头之交。
I nodded him a welcome.我向他点头表示欢迎。
When she asked Peter whether he was out of work again, he nodded his head and said yes.
当她问皮特是否他又失业了，他点头并且说是的。
②打盹，打瞌睡：It may not be that the students who nod off at their desks are lazy.
在课桌前打盹的学生未必是懒惰的。
noise n.声音，噪声，喧闹声：
As an economical and effective method, expressway noise barrier is a primary measure used to reduce
traffic noise.高速公路隔声屏障作为一种经济有效的方法，是降低交通噪声的主要措施。
Don’t make any noise!别吵闹！
【拓展】参看sound, voice词条。
Sound travels slower than light.声音传播不如光快。
I had to raise my voice to make myself heard over the noise.
我不得不提高嗓门使自己的声音盖过喧闹声。
noisy adj.喧闹的，嘈杂的：
I never dreamed of there being such a quiet place in the noisy city.
我做梦也没想到在喧闹的城市里会有这么一个安静的地方。
none pron.①无任何人(物)：None were left when I came.我来时谁也不在。
We none of us said anything.我们谁也没说话。
②毫无：The salary they pay me is none too high.他们付给我的薪水一点也不高。
【拓展】①可用于指可数名词和不可数名词；指可数名词时，只能指三者或三者以上，不能指两者；
②与nobody和no one不一样，它的后面通常要接表范围的of短语；
③用作主语时，若指不可数名词，谓语一般用单数；若指可数名词，谓语可用单数(较正
式)或复数(用于非正式文体)：
None of the money is mine.这笔钱没有一分是我的。
None of my friends has/have ever been to Paris.我的朋友谁也没去过巴黎。
The river was once alive with fishes, but now we find none as a result of pollution.
这条河中曾经生长着各种各样的鱼，但是现在，由于污染，我们一条鱼也看不到了。
—How much bread is there?有多少面包?
—Sorry, none.抱歉，没有了。
④have none of不同意、不允许：
The teacher said she would have none of mike’s arguing.
老师说，她不允许迈克争辩。
nonsense n.谬论，胡扯，胡说，冒失，毫无意义的话：
It is a pity whatever nonsense the papers print, some people always believe it.
真是可怜，无论这些文章表达什么谬论，总是有些人相信它。
—It’s my mother’s fault that my room is in a mess.我的房间这么糟糕是我妈妈的错。
—Nonsense! Your mother is not to blame for your laziness.胡说，你妈妈不该因你的懒惰而被谴责。
I won’t give you any help even if you tell me the truth. It’s none of my business.
即使你告诉我真相，我也不会给你任何帮助。这不关我的事。
noodle n.(常用复)面条：The noodle shop is now out of noodles.面馆现在没有面条了。
noon n.中/正午：At noon the sun beated down on our heads as we walked home.我们中午回家时正是烈日当头。nor conj.也不：He neither drinks nor smokes.他既不喝酒，也不抽烟。
If you don’t go swimming, nor will I.如果你不去游泳，那我也不去。
adv.也不：He didn’t go there and nor did I.他没去，我也没去。
normal n.常态，正常，标准：Things will then be back to normal.到那时情况将恢复正常。
adj.正常的，通常的，普通的：
He should be able to lead a perfectly normal life .他应该能够过上完全正常的生活。
【拓展】参看abnormal, common, ordinary和usual等词条。
He had very little in common with his sister.他和姐姐几乎没有什么共同语言。
His parents are ordinary workers.他的父母是普通的工人。
He came home later than usual.他回家比平时晚了些。
north adj.北的，朝北的，从北来的：The north wind is very cold.北风很冷。
adv.向(在、从)北方：We travelled north from London to Scotland.我们从伦敦北行至苏格兰。
n.①北：Birds usually migrate from north to south. 鸟类通常由北向南迁徙。
②(连用the)(一国的)北部，北方：His father is going to the north of America.他父亲将到美国北部去。northeast n.(连用the)东北(部)：The wind is in the northeast.风从东北方向吹来。
northern adj.北方的，北部的：
The northern half of the Earth is called the Northern hemisphere.地球的北半部称为北半球。northwest n.(连用the)西北(部)：A strange light appeared in the northwest.一束奇异的光线在西北方闪现。
nose n.①鼻：Your nose is running.你在流鼻涕。
②嗅觉：This dog has a good nose.这条狗嗅觉灵敏。
not adv.不，没：She told me not to wait.她让我别等。
Please excuse him not writing to you.请原谅他没给你写信。
Not knowing, I cannot say.我不知道，所以我说不出来。
【拓展】not that并非，并不是说：
Not that I don’t want to go, I just haven’t got the time. 我何尝不想去，只是没时间罢了。note n.①短信，便条，便笺：
Myra Cunningham sent me a note thanking me for dinner.
迈拉·坎宁安给我寄了张便笺感谢我招待的晚餐。
②注释：It is explained in the notes.这在注释中有说明。
③笔记，纪录，备忘录：The teacher asked us to take notes in class.老师叫我们上课记笔记。
④票据，钞票，纸币：He gave me a ￥50 note.他给我一张50元的钞票。
While counting the money, he found a false note.在数钱的时候，他发现了一张假币。
v.注意，记录，指出，对……加注释：
You can also use it to note important dates.你还可以用它记录重要的日期。
The report notes that export and import volumes picked up in leading economies
报告特别指出经济大国的进出口量攀升。
【拓展】①take note of 注意，留意：
Next time you chat with a friend, take note of how you are sitting.
下次和朋友聊天的时候注意一下你的坐姿。
Take note of the weather conditions.留意一下天气状况。
②take/make notes(of)=take/make a note(of)记录，记下：
I took notes d uring the meeting, but I haven’t had a chance to write em into a report so far.
会议期间我做了笔记，但到目前为止我还没有机会把它们写进报告里。
Have you got a pen and a piece of paper? I’ll take notes of what you have told me.
你有笔纸吗？我要把你告诉我的情况记下来。
Make a note of what the teacher said if you think it is important.
把老师说的你认为重要的记录下来。
③on a personal note就个人而言：
On a personal note, I am very lucky that I have been enjoying a very good relationship with my
parents.就个人而言，我很幸运我自己与父母一直相处得融洽。
④note down记下：
I’m loo king for paper on which to note down the name of a book I am recommending to my
mother. 我正在寻找一张可以记下我向我妈推荐的书的书名的纸。
⑤noted adj.著名的：
What is Jane Addams noted for in history?历史上珍妮·亚当斯因为什么而出名？
notebook n.笔记本：Mary entered the passage in her notebook, and then read it aloud again.
玛丽把那一段写在她的笔记本上，然后又大声念了一遍。
nothing n.①没有东西，没有什么：Nothing is impossible to a willing mind.世上无难事，只怕有心人。
He asked a lot of questions, most of which had nothing to do with his study.
他问了很多问题，其中大部分与他的学习无关。
②无足道的事或人：She is nothing to me.她对我而言无足轻重。
adv.一点也不，并不：It is nothing like what it used to be.这完全不是老样。
【拓展】①for nothing不用钱，免费，徒劳：
You can have these apples for nothing.你可以拿走这些苹果，不用付钱。
②nothing but仅仅，只(参看词条anything but)：
Faced with such an awkward moment, she could do nothing but give a smile.
面对如此尴尬的时刻，她只得微笑了一下。
I will be anything but quiet on Saturday night! 星期六的晚上我根本静不下心来！
notice n. ①布告/通告/告示，通知：
They pinned a notice to the door.他们把通知钉在门上。
I posted a notice about it on the bulletin board.我把有关那件事的通告贴在布告栏上。
To avoid missing the last bus, please read the notice put up in the station.
为了避免误末班车，请仔细阅读车站张贴的告示。
②注意：I warned him, but he took no notice of it.我警告过他，但他不听。
No notice should be taken of what your mother says—she’s just in a bad mood.
不要在意你母亲说的，她仅仅是心情不好。
v.注意(到)：She noticed him look/looking at her a couple of times.她注意到他朝她看了好几次。
In order hot to be noticed. Jefferson slid into the classroom while his teacher was writing on the
blackboard了不引起别人的注意，当老师在黑板上写字时，杰斐逊溜进了教室。
【拓展】①后接不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式不能带to，但若不定式为完成式，则要带to：
I noticed them to have come early.我注意到他们早已来了。
②noticeable adj.显著的，显而易见的：
There’s been a noticeable improvement in his handwriting.他的书法有了显著的进步。
The most noticeable effect of these changes is in the way people are now working together.
这些变化带来的最明显效果体现在人们现在一起工作的方式上。
novel n.(长篇)小说：They are talking about Guo Jingming and his novel that are very popular with the students in school.他们正在谈论很受在校学生欢迎的郭敬明和他的小说。
【拓展】novel adj.新奇的，与众不同的：It’s a truly novel idea.这可真是一个新颖的概念。
novelist n.小说家：Leo Tolstoy was a famous novelist.利奥·托尔斯泰是著名小说家。
now adv. ①现在，此刻：She is out of danger now.她现在脱离危险了。
②(语气词)好，好了：Now, let’s move on to the next q uestion!好，让我们继续谈下一个问题。
另外：now n.现在，此刻，目前：Now is the best time for action!现在是行动的(最好)时刻。
【拓展】①from now on从现在起：
From now on I will try to do better.从现在开始我要尽量做好些。
②just now刚才，此刻：
I saw him just now.我刚才看到过他。
I’m busy just now.我此刻很忙。
③now and then时而，有时：He appears on TV now and then.他不时在电视上出现。
④now that既然，由于：
Now that you’re well again, you can travel.既然你身体好了，你现在可以旅行了。
⑤right now马上：You must go there right now.你必须马上就去。
nowadays adv.当今，现在：
Nowadays, children often prefer watching TV to reading.如今小孩子喜欢看电视而不爱看书。noway adv.毫不，绝不，决不：They will noway surrender to the enemy.他们决不向敌人投降。
nowhere adv.任何地方都不：
Mr. Smith was really annoyed that the watch he had repaired was nowhere to be found.
修好的手表哪里都找不到，史密斯先生真的很生气。
【拓展】①用于句首时，句子要倒装：
Nowhere did he go that afternoon.那天下午他哪里也没有去。
②nowhere near远非，差得远，远没有：
He’s nowhere near recovered yet from his experiences.
他还远没有从自己的经历中走出来。
nuclear adj.原子核的，原子能的，核动力的：
Being exposed to nuclear radiation, even for a short while, may do great harm to one’s health.
暴露在核辐射下，甚至是一小会，都会导致人体内基因的变异。
numb adj.麻木的，失去知觉的：My fingers were numb with cold.我的手指冻僵了。
【拓展】numb v.使麻木，使失去知觉：
The whole family was numbed and shocked by the news.全家人都给那消息吓得目瞪口呆。number n.①数，数字，号码：
He lives at number 518.他住在518号。
My telephone number is 7226109.我的电话号码是7226109。
②数量：We are fifteen in number.我们共计15人。
【拓展】a number of(许多)和the number of(……的数量)后均接复数名词(代词)，但用作主语时，前者与复数谓语连用，后者与单数谓语连用：
The number of people invited was fifty, but a number of them were absent for different
reasons.被邀请的人数为50，但其中有一些人由于各种原因没有来。
numerous adj.许多，很多，数不清的：
I have numerous engagements next week.下星期我有许多约会。
Things like this are too numerous to mention.诸如此类，不胜枚举。
At six p.m. large groups poured from the numerous offices.
下午6点钟大群大群的人从数不清的(无数)办公楼里蜂拥而出。
Judging the voice not by appearance but by the voice itself makes the TV show stand out from
numerous amusement programs.人们可以不仅通过外表，更可以通过声音本身来作出判断，着
让这种电视节目从众多的娱乐节目中脱颖而出。
nurse n.护士：They hired a nurse to care for her.他们雇了个护士来照顾她。
The nurse always treats the sick and wounded with kindness.
这位护士总是以蔼然可亲的态度对待伤病员。
【拓展】nursing n.(职业性的)保育，护理：
Not having received regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first.
由于没有接受过正规的护理培训，起初她几乎无法应付这份工作。
He instructed family members in nursing techniques.他教给家人护理技巧。
—Didn’t you go fishing with your friends last Sunday?你上周日难道没和你的朋友去钓鱼么？
—No. I went to the nursing home as usual.没有。我像往常一样去了敬老院。
nursery n.托儿所，幼儿园：
When I was passing by, I saw them playing at the nursery.当我路过时，我看见他们正在托儿所里玩耍。
We have started a campaign for better nursery and school services
我们已发起一场要求改善幼儿园和中小学教育服务的运动。
nut n.坚果，坚果仁：Nuts and seeds are good sources of vitamin E.坚果和种子里含有丰富的维生素E。nutrition n.营养品，营养：Good nutrition is essential for children’s growth.营养充足对于儿童的成长很重要。
【拓展】①nutritional adj.有营养的：
Although this kind of vegetable tastes bitter, yet it is rich in nutrition and good for your
health.虽然这种蔬菜尝起来比较苦，但是它却富含营养，对你的健康有益。
②nutritionist n.营养学家：
There is an increasing demand for organic produce, since it is highly recommended by many
nutritionists.对有机农产品的需求越来越大，因为许多营养学家强烈推荐这种产品。obey v.遵守，服从，听从：
Obey the law, or you’ll be punished.遵守法律，否则你将受到处罚。
Now that you are a student in this school, you should obey its rules.
既然你是这所学校的学生，你就应该服从它的规定。
object 1 n.①物体，东西：Inside are over 500 paintings, prints, watercolors, and a variety of other art objects.
里面有500多种绘画作品、印刷品、水彩画和许多其他艺术品。
A chair is an object of simple construction.椅子是一种结构简单的东西。
②目标：His object in life is to become rich.他的人生目标是成为有钱人。
③宾语：Some verbs take two objects.有些动词带两个宾语。
object 2v.反对：The match was cancelled because most of the members objected to having a match without a standard court.比赛被取消是因为多数队员反对不在一个标准球场比赛。
【拓展】①可及物或不及物，但及物时，其后通常只接that从句作宾语，而不接名词或代词等作宾语。若要接这类词作宾语，则应后接介词to(若后接动词要用动名词)。
②用作及物动词后接that从句，其后从句所表示的内容不是“反对”的内容，而是反对的理
由：I wanted to climb the hill, but he objected that he was too tired.我要去爬山，但是他却以
太累为由表示反对。
objective 1 n.目标，任务：
Emphasis is laid on the necessity that all the objectives to be attained be taken into account before
staring a new project.强调在开始一个新项目之前，必须考虑到要达到的所有目标。
Peace is the prime objective of our foreign policy.我们把争取和平作为对外政策的首要任务。objective 2 adj.客观的：
The power of words lies in their association with the ideas and objects in the objective world.
文字的力量在于他们在客观世界中与思想和事物的联系。
【拓展】objectivity n.客观性：
Objectivity means that the content reflected by the proof must be objective facts.
客观性是指证据所反映的内容必须是客观存在的事实。
observe v.①观察，监视，观测：
He has observed the stars all his life.他一辈子都在观察星星。
We observed that it had turned cloudy.我们注意到天已转阴。
②评论，评说：
“He is a fine young man,” observed Stephen.“他是个很不错的小伙子，”斯蒂芬评论说。
③遵守，奉行，庆祝：
We observe the tradition of having a big family dinner with a reputation ____________ of delicious
food on Sprin g Festival’s Eve.我们遵循传统，在除夕夜吃一顿有着丰盛美食的家宴。
American forces are observing Christmas quietly.美国部队正在悄悄地庆祝圣诞节。
【拓展】①在observe sb.(sth.)do sth.中，用作宾语补足语的不定式不带to，但若变为被动语态，则不定式要带to：He was observed to leave the room.有人注意到他离开了屋子。
②observer n.观察员，遵守者，观察者，目击者：
A team of British officials were sent as observers to the conference.
一组英国官员被派去做大会观察员。
According to observers, the plane exploded shortly after it took off.
据目击者说，飞机起飞后不久就爆炸了。
③observation n.观察，观察力：
The book was written on the basis of careful observations and detailed studies.
这本书是在仔细观察与细致研究的基础上撰写的。
She is a student of keen observation.她是一个观察力敏锐的学生.
obtain v.获得，得到：Only when you have obtained sufficient data can you come to a sound conclusion.
只有当你获得了足够的数据，你才能得出合理的结论。
【拓展】obtainable adj.可获得的，可得到的：
Our products are obtainable in all computer shops.我们的产品在所有的计算机商店有售。
Price falls when raw material is easily obtainable.当原材料容易买到时，价格就会降低。
The book is not easily obtainable in the shops.这种书在众多商店里不易买到。
obvious adj.显然，明显：
He claimed to have witnessed aliens taking away Justin, but it was obvious that he was telling a lie.
他声称目睹了外星人带走了贾斯汀，但显然他在撒谎。
There is really no obvious evidence that Justin was taken by aliens.
没有明显的证据显示贾斯汀是被外星人带走的
occasion n.场合，机会，时机：
What was her explanation for why she was late on such an important occasion?
在这么重要的场合她为什么迟到，她是怎么解释的?
这历来都是阐明政府政策的重要时机。
【拓展】①occasion作先行词时如果指场合，则用where或者on which引导定语从句；如果指时间则用when或者in which引导定语从句：
Wine is the world’s favorite drink enjoyed on almost every occasion where great times are
being shared with friends.葡萄酒是世界上最受欢迎的饮料，几乎在所有与朋友分享美好
时光的场合都是如此。
This is not an occasion for laughter, where you must take things seriously.
这是不适合大笑的场合，你应该严肃对待。
Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
我有时间和我的孩子们度过一天的机会是很少的。
注意下列这句：
Good parents turn every meal into a special occasion which they can use to discipline their
kids.好父母把每顿饭变成一个特殊的场合，他们可以用来管教自己的孩子。(后面是一
个定语从句，先行词a special occasion指物，从句中use后缺少宾语，故用关系代词
which)。
②occasional adj.偶尔的：
I am not a heavy drinker, but I like the occasional glass of wine.
我不是一个酒鬼，只是偶尔喝一杯。
③on occasion有时，偶尔，间或：
Some of the players may, on occasion, break the rules and be penalized.
这些球员中有些偶尔可能会违规而受罚。
occupation n.①职业，工作：He is an accountant by occupation.他的职业是会计师。
She wants to have an occupation where her management skills can be put to good use.
她想要一份能够发挥她管理才能的职业。
②消遣：Mr. Smith has many occupations including gardening and wine-making.
史密斯先生有许多消遣活动，包括园艺和制酒。
③居住The house was adapted for occupation.这所房子已被改造得可以居住了。
④占有，占领：
That farm has been in the occupation of the same family for over a hundred years.
那个农场被同一家族占有已有一百多年了。
Netherlands suffered invasion and occupation by Germany in World War II.
第二次世界大战中，荷兰被德国侵略和占领。
【拓展】occupational职业的：
In the hospital, we have specific physical therapist and occupational therapist.
在医院，我们这有专门的理疗师和职业治疗师。
occupy v.①占有，占用(房屋、土地等)：She occupied a big house.她占用了一座大房子。
②占据，充满(时间、空间等)：The speech occupied three hours.发言占去了三个小时。
Occupied with all sorts of affairs, the manager had little time to have a good sleep.
由于经理忙于各种事务，几乎没有时间好好睡一觉。
③(军事)占领：The army occupied the enemy’s capital.军队占领了敌国首都。
④使忙于：The newcomers were occupied in writing letters home.新来的人正忙于给家里写信。
I had forgotten all about it because I had been so occupied with other things.
因为忙于其他事情，我把这件事忘得精光。