小升初英语语法总结大全
小升初+英语语法归纳
小升初小学英语语法知识归纳一、名词名词是表示人或事物名称的词。
它既可以表示具体的东西，也可以是表示抽象的东西。
分类1. 名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词如：John is a studentstudent是普通名词，John是专有名词普通名词前可以用不定冠词a/an, 定冠词the 或不加冠词，专有名词前一般不加冠词，专有名词的首字母要大写。
2.普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词，其中个体名词与集体名词是可数名词，物质名词和抽象名称是不可数名词。
3. 专有名词专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词，多为独一无二的事物。
名词的数1、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词——可以数的名词不可数名词——数不清（没有复数）Drink：milk tea water orange juice coke coffee porridgeFood：rice bread meat fish fruit cake dumplings2、可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用有数数形式，不可数名词不能与不定冠词a(an)连用，没有复数形式many+可数名词复数much/a little+不可数名词some, any , a lot of (lots of) 两者都可以修饰。
3、可数名词可以直接用数词来修饰不可数名词数词+量词+of + 名词对可数名词的数量提问用How many对不可数名词的数量提问用How much4、不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法：1）some, much ,a little ,a lot of ,a bit of , plenty of用等表示多少。
注意既可以与可数名词复数，又可以与不可数名词连用的有：plenty of ,some ,a lot of ,lots of ,most of 等。
如There is much water in the bottle .瓶中有很多水。
小升初英语语法复习资料重点整理【三篇】
小升初英语语法复习资料重点整理【三篇】动词：动词的四种时态：(1)一般现在时：一般现在时的构成1. be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。
如：I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。
2. 行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。
如： We study English.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。
如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
动词+s的变化规则1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies(2)一般过去时：动词过去式详解动词的过去式的构成规则有：A、规则动词① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed：如worked , learned , cleaned , visited②以e结尾的动词直接加d：如lived , danced , used③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如stoppedB、不规则动词(此类词并无规则，须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：sing – sang , eat – ate ,see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take –took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly –flew , am/is – was ,are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam ,tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt(3)一般将来时：基本结构：①be going to + do;②will+ do. be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.(4)现在实行时： am,is,are+动词现在分词动词现在分词详解动词的ing形式的构成规则：① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating② 以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing ，如having , writing③ 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有：running , swimming , sitting , getting【篇二】动词have,基本的涵义是“有”，强调“所属关系”，表示“拥有”。
小升初英语语法大全
小升初英语语法大全一、名词表示某一事物;有具体的和抽象的之分..分为可数名词和不可数名词..强调：不可数名词都默认为单数;所以总是用is或者was；最好不要根据some、any、a lot of等词去作判断;以免受误导..1、可数名词如何变“复数形式”：a．一般情况下;直接加-s;如：book-books; bag-bags; cat-cats; bed-beds ；读音：清辅音后读s;浊辅音和元音后读z..b．以s. x. sh. ch结尾;加-es;如：bus-buses; box-boxes; brush-brushes; watch-watches ；读音：iz..c．以“辅音字母+y”结尾;变y为i; 再加-es;如：family-families; strawberry-strawberries ；读音：z.. d．以“f或fe”结尾;变f或fe为v; 再加-es;如：knife-knives ;thief-thieves；读音：z..e．以“o”结尾的词;分两种情况1有生命的+es 读音：z 如：mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes2 无生命的+s 读音：z 如：photo-photos radio-radiosf. 不规则名词复数：man-men; woman-women; policeman-policemen; policewoman-policewomen; snowman-snowmen; mouse-mice; child-children; foot-feet; tooth-teeth; fish-fish;people-people; Chinese-Chinese; Japanese-Japanese2、不可数名词没有复数..如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量;就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”..例如：a glass of water; a piece of paper; a bottle of juice判断步骤：↗如是am、is或was→原形读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看be动词↘如是are或were→加s或es练一练：1、写出下列各词的复数..I _________ him _________ this _______ her ______ watch _______ mango_______child_______ photo ________ diary ______ day________ foot________ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______ box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______ engineer______ peach______sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ leaf_______ people________2、用所给名词的正确形式填空..1Are there two box on the table2I can see some people in the cinema.3How many day are there in a week4Here’re five bottle of juice for you.5This violin is hers. Those grape are over there.二、冠词冠词是一种虚词;不能独立使用;通常放在名词的前面;分为“不定冠词”和“定冠词”两种..1、不定冠词：a、an..用在单数名词前;表示“一个;一件……”..an用在以元音“音素”开头的单词前..如：an e-mail; an orange; an old man; an English watch; an hour…2、定冠词：the..用在单数或者复数名词前..the没有具体意思;有时翻译为这、那..它的基本用法：1用来表示特指某些人或某些事物..如：The map on the wall is new.2表示说话者双方都知道的人或事物..如：Look at the picture; please.3表示再次提到前面谈过的人或事物..如：This is a stamp. The stamp is beautiful.4用在表示世界上独一无二的事物前..如：the sun太阳the moon月亮the earth地球5用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前..如：the Great Wall长城6用在江河、湖海等专有名词前..如：the Changjiang River长江7此外;序数词、形容词最高级、乐器名称等词前面和一些习惯用语中一般都用定冠词the..如：the first day; the best boy; play the piano; in the same class确定用a、an还是the时可根据汉语意思..练一练：1、用a或an填空..____ “U” ____ ice-cream ____ goalkeeper ____ teapot____apple____office ____English book ____umbrella ____unit____hour2、根据需要;填写冠词a;an或the..1Who is ____girl behind ____tree2 ____old man has two children; ____ son and ____daughter.3This is ____ orange. ____ orange is L ucy’s.4He likes playing ____guitar. We have ____same hobby.5We all had____good time last Sunday.6She wants to be____doctor.三，数词我们学过两类：基数词和序数词..基数用于表示数量多少;而基数词用于表示次序;常在日期中出现..区别：基数词前面没有“the”；序数词前一定要有“the”..1、超过二十以上的两位数需要在个位和十位之间加上“-”..如：21 twenty-one2、三位数以上的则需要在百位数后再加上and..如：101 a/one hundred and one3、用基数词来修饰可数名词时;一定别忘了它的复数形式..如：十八个男孩eighteen boys4、用基数词修饰不可数名词时;如是复数;变它的量词为复数..如：两碗米饭two bowls of rice5、序数词一般加“th”;特殊的有：first; second; third; fifth; eighth; ninth; twelfth以及二十及二十以外的整十：twentieth; t hirtieth; fortieth… “第几十几”：前面整十不变;后面“几”改为序数词..如：88 eighty-eighth练一练：1、请翻译下列短语..160名学生215本英语书3九杯凉水44个孩子512月31 66月2日7第九周840年前911+7 10上学第一天2、把下列基数词改成序数词..one--- two--- three---nine---fourteen--- twenty--- thirty-five---eighty-one四、代词代词有两种：人称代词和物主代词..1、人称代词分为：第一、第二、第三人称;且有单复数之分..2、人称代词的主格在句中做主语;一般用在动词前疑问句除外；宾格在句中做宾语;多用于动词、介词后..3、形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用;后面一定要跟名词;表示该名词是属于谁的..4、名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词..如：This is my bag. = This is mine. That is her ruler. = That is hers.一般看后面有没有名词;如有;就用形容词性物主代词；如无;就用名词性物主代词..请牢记下表：练一练：1、按要求写出相应人称代词..I宾格_______ she形容词性物主代词_______ we名词性物主代词_______ he复数_______ us单数_______ theirs主格_______ its宾格_______2、想一想;把下表补充完整..3、用所给词的适当形式填空..1That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small; but _________ is very big. I2The dress is _________. Give it to _________. she3Is this _________ watch you No; it’s not _________ . I4_________ is my brother. ________ name is Jack. Look Those stamps are _________. he5_________ dresses are red. we What colour are _________ you6Show _________ your kite; OK they7I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. it8Are these ________ tickets N o; ________ are not _________. ________ aren’t here. they9Shall _________ have a look at that classroom That is _________ classroom. we10_________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job _________is a nurse. she11Where are _________ I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. they12Don’t touch _________. _________is not a cat; _________ is a tiger it13_________ sister is ill. Please go and see _________. she14The girl behind _________ is our friend. she五、形容词、副词1、形容词表示某一事物或人的特征;副词表示某一动作的特征..形容词和副词有三种形式：原形、比较级、最高级..比较级：+er 最高级：the …+est两个重要特征：as……as中间一定用原形;than的前面一定要+er..2、形容词、副词比较级的规则变化如下：1一般直接+er..如：tall - taller; fast - faster 单音节词如果以-e结尾;只加-r..如：late - later2重读闭音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母;须双写这个字母;再加-er..如：big - bigger; fat - fatter3以辅音字母加-y结尾的词;变y为i;再加-er..如：heavy - heavier; early - earlier4双音节和多音节词的比较级应在原级前加more构成..如：beautiful - more beautiful;careful - more careful; quietly - more quietly; interesting - more interesting5有些不规则变化的;须逐一加以记忆..如：good/well – better; bad/ill – worse; many/much – more; far –farther/further; old –older/elder…练一练：1、写出下列形容词、副词的比较级..big good long talloldshort thin heavy youngfatlight strong high farlowearly late well fastslow2、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空..1 I can swim as _______ fast as the fish; I think.2 Look His hands are _______ big than mine.3 I think you do these things_______ well than your classmates.4 Whose bag is _______ heavy ; yours or mine5 Does Jim run as _______slow as David Yes; but Mike runs_______ slow than them.6 You have seven books; but I have _______ many than you. I ha ve ten.7 I jump _______ far than some of the boys in my class.8 I’m very_______ thin ; but s he’s _______ thin than me.9 It gets _______and_______ warm when spring comes here.六、介词1、一种虚词..不能单独作句子成分;它只有跟它后面的宾语一起构成介词短语;才能在句子中起作用.. 有：in; on; under; with; behind; about; near; before; after; for; to; up; down; from; in front of; out of; from…to…; at the back of…2、表示时间的介词有：at; on; in..1at表示“在某一个具体的时间点上”;或用在固定词组中..如：at ten o’clock; at 9:30 a.m.; at night; at the weekend…2on表示“在某日或某日的时间段”..如：on Friday; on the first of October; on Monday morning…3in表示“在某一段时间月份、季节里”..如：in the afternoon;in Sept ember; in summer; in 2005…3、in一词还有其他的固定搭配;如：in blue穿着蓝色的衣服;in English用英语表达;take part in参加..练一练：1、选用括号内恰当的介词填空..1 What’s this _______ at; on; in English2 Christmas is _______ at; on; in the 25th of December.3 The man_______ with; on; in black is Su Hai’s father.4 He doesn’t do well _______ at; on; in PE.5 Look at those birds _______ on; in the tree.6 We are going to meet _______ at; on; in the bus stop _______ at; on; in half past ten.7 Is there a cat _______ under; behind; in the door8 Helen’s writing paper is _______ in; in front of her computer.9 We live _______ at; on; in a new house now.10 Does it often rain _______ at; on; in spring there2、圈出下列句子中运用不恰当的介词;并将正确的答案写在横线上..1 Jim is good in English and Maths.2 The films were in the ground just now.3 They are talking to their plans.4 How many students have their birthdays on May5 Women’s Day is at the third of March.6 I can jog to school on the morning.7 Did you water trees at the farm 8 Can you come and help me on my English9 I usually take photos in Sunday morning. 10 What did you do on the Spring Festival七、动词这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称;其中包括be动词、情态动词、助动词、行为动词就是我们平时总说的那种动词..动词、名词和形容词不太容易区分;如不能一眼看出;可用如下方法：先用“一量词”如：一个、一张等和这个词连起来说;如说得通;一般认为是名词；说不通再用“很”去判断;就是把“很”和为个词连起来说;说得通一般就是形容词；都说不通就是动词..目前我们学过的;以后可能不同另外一些很明显的;如人称代词、数词、情态动词等一下就可以知道1、be动词am; is; are; was; were1am—was; is –was; are--were 口诀：我用am; 你用are; is用在他她它;所有复数全用are..2肯定和否定句I am not from London. He isnot a teacher. She isnot in the dining room. My hair isnot long. Her eyes arenot small.3一般疑问句Am I a Chinese Yes; you are. No; you aren’t. Are they American Yes; they are. No; theya ren’t.Is the cat fat Yes; it is. No; it isn’t.4be动词的否定形式：am not没有缩写形式;are not = aren’t ;is not = isn’t ..用恰当的be动词填空..练一练：1、用be动词的适当形式填空..1I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy No; I _____ not. 2The girl______ Jack's sister.3The dog _______ tall and fat. 4The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.5______ your brother in the classroom 6How _______ your father7Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school. 8Whose dress ______ this9Whose socks ______ they 10Who ______ I11The jeans ______ on the desk.12Here ______ a scarf for you. 13Here ______ some sweaters for you. 14The black gloves ______ for Su Yang. 15This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling. 16The two cups of milk _____ for me. 17Some tea ______ in the glass.18Gao shan's shirt _______ over there. 19My sister's name ______Nancy.20______ David and Helen from England 21There ______ a girl in the room.22There ______ some apples on the tree. 23_______ there any apple juice in the bottle 24There _______ some bread on the plate. 25You; he and I ______ from China.26There _______ a boy; two girls; three men and ten women in the park.2、助动词do; does; diddo; does用于一般现在时;其过去式did用于一般过去时..它们通常用在疑问句和否定句中..它们的否定形式：do not = don’t; does not = doesn’t; did not = didn’t..注意：在一般现在时中;does用于第三人称单数;其余一律用助动词do；助动词do; does; did后面一定要用动词原形..练1、用适当的助动词填空..1 ______you like this magazine2 The girl______like bread for breakfast.3 ---What ______ she ______ at the weekends ---She usually plays games with her friends.4 ---Wha______ you do last Sunday ---I wrote to my friend.5 ---Did you see a Beijing opera ---No; I ______.6 He ______not visit a farm last National Day holiday.7 They______ not like playing volleyball.8 --- ______Jim have a picnic with his family every Saturday ---Yes; he .9 ______Helen and Yang Ling go to school on foot every day10 ---How many kites ______we have ---We have ten.2、找出下列句子中的错误;将序号填入题前括号内;并改正..1 Did you had a big lunch with your family last Spring FestivalA B C2 ---What do the boy have in his pencil-box ---He has a rubber.A B C3 They doesn’t like the film.A B C4 Do Jim get up at six everydayA B C5 Don't giving the ball to Liu Tao.A B C3、情态动词情态动词也是一类特殊的动词;平时我们不把它说成是动词..情态动词可以和行为动词同时出现在同一个句子中..我们现在学过的情态动词有：can、could、shall、should、will、would、may、might 、must..注意：情态动词后动词总是用原形..不受其他任何条件影响其否定形式：can not = can’t; must not = mustn’t; … 注意：may not和shall not无缩写形式练一练：选择填空..1 The sign on the wall means you ______stay away from the building.A. mustB. can’tC. shouldn't2 How many books ______ you see on the desk A. may B. can C. should3 It means you ______ make noise in the library. A. should B.. shouldn't C. can4 --- ______you like a glass of milk --- Yes; please. A. May B. Could C. Would5 --- ______you see the sign over there --- Sorry; I can’t. A. Can B. Can’t C. Should6 ______ we go to the park by bus A. May B. Must C. Shall4、行为动词就是我们平时上课时说的动词;表示某一动作或行为..如：sweep、live等..行为动词我们已学过它们的四种形式：原形、第三人称单数+s/es、现在分词也叫动名词+ing、过去式+ed..1动词第三人称单数变化规则：A、一般直接加“s”;如：play – plays; visit – visits; speak – speaks ；B、以“s”;“x”;“sh”;“ch”结尾时;加“es”;如：catch – catches; watch – watches ；C、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时;变“y”为“i”再加“es”;如：carry – carries; study – studies ..2现在分词动名词构成规则：A、一般直接加“ing”;如：go – going; do – doing; look – looking ；B、以不发音的“e”结尾的单词;去“e” 加“ing”;如：take – taking; make – making; have – having ；C、以重读闭音节结尾的词;如末尾只有一个辅音字母;需要双写这个字母再加“ing”;如：put – putting; stop – stopping; run – running; get – getting; swim – swimming; sit – sitting; begin – beginning; jog – jogging; forget – forgetting ..3过去式构成规则：A、一般直接加“ed”;如：plant – planted; visit – visited; pick – picked ；B、以不发音字母“e”结尾;直接加“ed”;如：like – liked; hope – hoped; taste – tasted ；C、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时;变“y”为“i”再加“ed”;如：try – tried; carry – carried; study – studied ；D、有些动词要双写最后一个字母;再加“ed”;如：stop – stopped ；E、还有很多动词的过去式是不规则的;请记忆：是-ambe-was-being；是-arebe-were-being；是-be-was; were-being；成为-become-became-becoming；开始-begin-began-beginning；弯曲-bend-bent-bending；吹-blow-blew-blowing；买-buy-bought-buying；能-can-could-----；捕捉-catch-caught-catching；选择-choose-chose-choosing；来-come-came-coming；切-cut-cut-cutting；做-do; does-did-doing；画-draw-drew-drawing；饮-drink-drank-drinking；吃-eat-ate-eating；感觉-feel-felt-feeling；发现-find-found-finding；飞-fly-flew-flying；忘记-forget-forgot-forgetting；得到-get-got-getting；给-give-gave-giving；走-go-went-going；成长-grow-grew-growing；有-have; has-had-having；听-hear-heard-hearing；受伤-hurt-hurt-hurting；保持-keep-kept-keeping；知道-know-knew-knowing；学习-learn-learned; learnt-learning；允许;让-let-let-letting；躺-lie-lay-lying；制造-make-made-making；可以-may-might----；意味-mean-meant-meaning；会见-meet-met-meeting；必须-must-must----；放置-put-put-putting；读-read-read-reading；骑、乘-ride-rode-riding；响、鸣-ring-rang-ringing；跑-run-ran-running；说-say-said-saying；看见-see-saw-seeing；将-shall-should----；唱歌-sing-sang-singing；坐下-sit-sat-sitting；睡觉-sleep-slept-sleeping；说-speak-spoke-speaking；度过-spend-spent-spending ..练一练：1、写出下列动词的第三人称单数..drink __________go ____________stay __________make __________look __________have _________pass __________carry __________come ___________watch __________plant _________fly ________ study ________brush _________do ___________teach____________ take__________ see__________2、写出下列动词的现在分词..put __________give __________fly _________get ________dance ________sit_________ run ________ plant _________take ___________swim _________ask ___________stop __________take _________write __________have __________smoke _________ think__________ want__________ tell__________3、写出下列动词的过去式..is\am _________fly _______plant ________are ________drink _________play _______go ________make ________does _________dance ________worry ___________ask ________taste _________eat __________draw ________put ______throw ________kick _________pass _______do ________4、用动词的适当形式填空..1I ______to school from Monday to Friday. My brother often _______to school with me. Yesterday we_______to school together. We like ________to school very much. go2They usually _______lunch at home. But last week; they ____lunch at school. have3That______my English book. It _____new. But now it _____not here. It ______there a moment ago. be4My sister likes ________very much. She often _______at our school festival. Last term; she _______a lot of songs in the school hall. She _____beautifully. sing5What _____ he usually ______on Sunday He usually ______his homework. LookHe __________his homework now. ______he _______his homework last SundayYes; he_______. do6Do people usually_______ moon cakes at Mid-autumn Festival Yes; they do. Did you _______moon cakes last Mid-autumn Festival Yes; I did. I _______a lot of delicious moon cakes. eat八、there/here be结构1、there be结构表示“某时、某地存在着什么事物或人”;包括there is、there are、there was、there were.. here be结构与它类似;用法也完全相同;只不过是表示“这里存在着什么事物或人”..2、和have、has、had的区别：1There be 句型表示：在某地有某物或人；而have、has、had表示：某人拥有某物..2在there be 句型中;主语是单数;be 动词用is；主语是复数;be 动词用are；如有几件物品;be 动词根据最近be 动词的那个名词决定——“就近原则”..3there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not ; 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首..4there be句型与havehas 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物或人；havehas 表示某人拥有某物.. 5some和any在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句; any 用于否定句或疑问句..6and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句; or 用于否定句或疑问句..7针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：How many + 名词复数+ are there + 介词短语How much + 不可数名词+ is there + 介词短语8针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：What’s + 介词短语9There be结构一般用在句子的开头;而have等词只能用于某一个主语后面..练一练：1、用恰当的be动词填空..1 There ______ four seasons in a year.2 There ______not any trees two years ago.3 --- ______there a post office near your school ---Yes; there ______.4 ---How many stops ______there ---There______only one.5 There ______not any stamps on the envelope.6 ______ there any birds in the tree7 There______ a shopping centre near our school last year. But now there______ no one.8 There ______only three of us: my dad; my mum and me.9 Here ______some bread for you.10 In New York; there ______ a lot of rain in spring.2、选用“have; has; had; there is; there are; there was; there were”填空..1 I ______a good father and a good mother.2 ______ a telescope on the desk.3 He ______a tape-recorder.4 ______a basketball in the playground.5 They ______ a nice garden.6 My father ______ a story-book last year.7 ______a reading-room in the building8 What does Mike ______9 ______any books in the bookcase10 How many students ______in the classroom11 ______a story-book on the table a moment ago.12 What do you ______13 My parents ______ some nice pictures.14 ______ some maps on the wall.15 ______ a map of the world on the wall.16 David’s friends ______ some tents.17 __________ many children on the hill.九、some;any的用法some用于肯定句；any用于否定句和一般疑问句..请注意看例句后扩号中说明的用法..例：There is some water in the glass. 肯定句There are some flowers in the garden. 肯定句There aren’t any lamp s in the study.否定句Are there any maps on the wall 一般疑问句Would you like some orange juice 希望得到肯定回答Do you want to take any photos at the party 一般疑问句练一练：选用some或any填空..1 There isn’t ______milk in the fridge.2 I can see______cars; but I can’t see______buses.3 He has ______ friends in England.4 Were there ______fruit trees on the farm5 Here are ______presents for you.6 Does Tom want to take ______ photos7 Is there______rice in the kitchen 8 There are______new buildings in our school.9---Would you like______ cakes ---No; I’d not like ______cakes; but I’d like ______coffee.10 ---Are there______pictures on the wall ---No; there aren’t ______pictures.十、动词不定式1、to加动词原形构成一种非谓语形式;在这里不是介词;无词义..如：I want to make a New Year card. 我想制作一张新年贺卡..Would you like to have a picnic with us 你愿意和我们一起去野餐吗2、to保留原来动词的一些特征;它可以带自己的宾语和状语等..如：To get there faster; you can take bus No.5. 想快一点到那儿;你可以坐5路车..3、to前有时带疑问词what; when; where; which; why; how等..如：He’s asking Yang Ling how to get there. 他正在问杨玲怎样到达那里..总而言之;一定要记住：to后面用动词原形..练一练：1、用扩号中所给动词的适当形式填空..1 People would like________ go to farms in the countryside.2 It’s time ________ have lunch3 I want ________ buy some presents for my friends.4 The thief began ________ run .5 Please shouw me how________ go to the shopping centre.6 Would you like ________ join us7 Don’t forget________ write “Happy New Year”.8 She was very glad________ see them.9 Please remember________ close the windows before you go home.10 I’m sorry________ hear that.2、圈出下列句子中的错误;并改正..1 Would you like go camping with us2 Helen; show ux how drawing a square.3 I want to writes a letter to my penfriend.4 It’s time for us go to school.5 Liu Tao wants to showing Peter’s photos to his mum.十一、动名词其实就是动词的“现在分词”..它既有“名词性质”可作主语;又具有动词性质可带宾语..如：Please keep quiet in the reading room. 还有我们的一些课题：Asking the way中是“名词性质”；My hobby is collecting stamps.中是“动词性质”;带了宾语stamps.1、remember记住后面跟动名词;表示“记得做过某事”；跟to+动词原形;表示“记得要去做某事”..如：I remember posting the letter today. 我记得今天把信寄走了..Please remember to post the letter today. 请记住今天要把信寄走..2、forget忘记后面跟动名词;表示“忘记做过某事实际做过”；跟to+动词原形;表示“忘记去做某事实际没做”..如：I forget doing homework this morning. 我忘记今天早上做过作业了..I forget to do homework this morning. 我忘记今天早上做作业了..3、stop停止后面跟动名词;表示“停止做某事”；跟to+动词原形;表示“停止正在做的事;而去做别的事”..如：Stop smoking; please. 请不要吸烟..We are tired. Let’s stop to have a rest. 我们累了;让我们停下来休息一下..4、like喜欢后面跟动名词;表示一个人的爱好和习惯;意思是“喜欢干某事”；跟to+动词原形;常用于would like to do something;表示“某人想要、愿意干某事”..如：I like taking a walk after supper every day. 我喜欢每天晚饭后去散步..I would like to have some chips. 我想要吃些薯条..练一练：1、用扩号内所给动词的适当形式填空..1 _________ swim is not as fast as running.2 It’s sunny today. Let’s go _________ fish .3 Do you like_________ read English in the morning4 Are you good at _________ dance5 Where is the _________ shop centre6 Would you like to go _________ jog with me7 My hobby is _________ play football.8 Su Hai likes _________ watch cartoons on Sundays.2、选择扩号内动词的适当形式填空..1 I’m sorry _________ hearing; to hear that.2 Jim is good at_________ swimming; to swim .3 Shall we go_________ skating; to skate4 Today; my work is _________ looking; to look after the baby.5 I’m going _________ flying; to fly a kite in the playground.6 I like _________ playing; to play basketball after school.7 Would you like_________ going; to go to the Great Wall8 Jim is asking Liu Tao how ________ getting; to get to the History Museum.十二、时间和日期的表达1、有两种时间表达法：A直接读写数词..如：9:15 nine fifteen 10:30 ten thirty 11:45 eleven forty-five7:05 seven o five 2:25 two twenty-five 5:55 five fifty-fiveB借助past和to来表达..past一般用于30分钟以内含30分钟的时间表达；to一般用于超过30分钟的时间表达..一刻钟可以用a quarter表示;半小时可以用half表示..如：9:15 a quarter past nine 10:30 half past ten 11:45 a quarter to twelve7:05 five past seven 2:25 twenty-five past two 5:55 five to six注意：询问时间可用句型“What’s the time ”或者“What time is it ”..2、日期的表达：the+序数词+of+月份..如：the third of June六月三日注意：询问日期可用句型“What date is it today ”或者“What’s the date today ”..练一练：1、用两种方法表达下列时间..6:45 1:589:05 3:225:50 8:302、用英语表达下列日期..五月一日九月十日三月八日四月五日七月九日八月三日一月十五日六月二日十二月二十五日3、同义句转换;每空一词..1 ---What’s the time ---It’s eleven forty-five.--- ___________is it ---It’s ___________ .2 It’s seven o five. It’s time for breakfast.It’s___________. It’s time ___________.3 ---What’s the date today ---It’s 1st October.--- ___________is it today ---It’s ___________十三、名词所有格1、有生命的名词所有格：A单数后加“ ’s ”;如：Su Hai’s twin sister苏海的双胞胎妹妹Jim’s family吉姆的一家B以“ s ”结尾的复数名词;只需加“ ’ ”;如：Teachers’ Day教师节the twins’ parentsC不以“ s ”结尾的复数名词;则仍需加“ ’s ”;如：Children’s Day儿童节注意：表示两人或几人共有的物品;只需在最后一人名后加“ ’s ”;如：Ben and Jim’s book2、无生命的名词所有格;一般与“ of ”构成短语..如：a photo of his family 他家的一张照片the colour of her skirt 她的短裙的颜色练一练：翻译下列词组：大卫的叔叔我妹妹的邮票妇女节老师们的办公室他笔友的信这本书的名字双胞胎的书房孩子们的爱好邮局的大门十四、句子的种类练一练：1、填入适当的疑问词..1 _______wallet is it It’s mine.2 _______is the Christmas Day It’s on the 25th of December.3 _______is the diary It’s under the chair.4 _______ is the boy in blue He’s Mike.5 _______are the earphones They are 25 yuan.6 _______is the hair dryer It’s blue.7 _______is it today It’s Sunday.8 _______was it yesterday It was the 13th of October.9 _______this red one It’s beautiful.10 _______is it from here It’s about 2 kilometres away.11 A: Can I have some paper and some crayons B: _______ A: I want to make a kite.12 _______is your cousin He’s 15years old.13 _______ do you have dinner At 6 o’clock.14 _______one is fatter; the blue one or the red one The blue one.2、对划线部分提问..1 I can see eight rubbers in the box._______ _______ _______ can_______see in the box 2 My father is fine today._______ _____ your father today3 Liu Tao is playing football in the playground._______ ____ Liu Tao _______ in the playground4 The films were on the ground._______ _______ the films5 The girl with big eyes is my sister’s friend._______ _____ _______ sister’s friend6 My birthday is on the 9th of September._______ _____ your birthday7 I’d like a nice cake for breakfast._______ _____ _______ like for breakfast8 That’s Nancy’s skirt._______ _______ is that3、按要求改写句子..1 It’s a book.改为一般疑问句___ it a _______2 My father is in the study.对划线部分提问_______ is _______ father3 Do you watch TV every Sunday 做肯定回答_______ ; I _______.4 This picture is beautiful.改为以what引导的感叹句What ___ __________picture5 Open the door for him.改为否定句_______ open ___ ___ for _______6 I have a big present.对划线部分提问_______ do you _______肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答He is running now. He isn’t running now. ---Is he running now---Yes; he is. / No; he isn’t.They are making a puppet. They aren’t making a puppet. ---Are they making a puppet---Yes; they are. / No; they aren’t.7 There are some orange trees.改为单数句子There _______ _______ orange _______ .8 we are going to see a Beijing opera.对划线部分提问What _______you _______ ____ do9 He has some questions.改为一般疑问句_______ he _______ _______ questions10 They visited their relatives and friends last Spring Festival.改为一般疑问句_____ they _______ their relatives and friends last Spring Festival十五、时态1、一般现在时A、当谓语是be动词时;构成为：主语+be动词am; is; are +其他..如：I am a student.B、当谓语是行为动词时;构成有两种：1主语非第三人称单数+动词原形+其他..如：We often watch TV at the weekends.2主语第三人称单数+动词第三人称单数形式+其他..如：Jim usually goes to the park on Sundays.C、句型变换：肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答They watch TV at six everyday. They don’t watch TV at six everyday.---Do they watch TV at six everyday.---Yes; they do. / No; they don’t.She watches TV at six everyday. She doesn’t watch TV at six everyday.---Does she watch TV at six everyday.---Yes; she does. / No; she doesn’t.练一练：A、用括号内动词的适当形式填空..1 He often ______ have dinner at home.2 Daniel and Tommy ______ be in Class One.3 We ______ not watch TV on Monday.4 Nick ______ not go to the zoo on Sunday.5 ____they ______ like the World Cup6 There be some water in the bottle.7 ____your parents _____ read newspapers every day8 Mike______ like cooking.9 You always ______ do your homework well. 10 They ______ have the same hobby.11 My aunt ______ look after her baby carefully. 12 Liu Tao ______ do not like PE.13 She and I ______ take a walk together every evening.B、按要求转换句子;每空一词..1 Tom likes playing basketball with his friends. 改成否定句Tom_____ ______ playing basketball with his friends.2 David’s parents often take a walk after supper. 改为一般疑问句并作出否定回答--- ______David’s parents often ______ a walk after supper --- No; ______ ______.3 They usually watch TV. 对划线部分提问______ ______ they usually ______4 She is always a good student. 改为一般疑问句并作出肯定回答--- ___ ______ always a ______ student --- ______ ; ______ ______ .5 Simon and Daniel like going skating. 改为否定句Simon and Daniel ______ ______ going ______.2、现在进行时A、构成形式：主语+be动词+动词的ing形式+其他..B、判断依据：句中往往有now、look、listen等词..注意：千万不要忘了一定得有be动词..C、句型变换：练一练：A、用所给的动词的正确形式填空..1 The boy ______ ______ draw a picture now.2 What______you ______ do now3 Listen. Some girls ______ ______ sing in the classroom.4 My mother ______ ______ cook some nice food now.5 Look. They ______ ______ have an English lesson.6 They ______ ______ not water the flowers now.7 Look the girls ______ ______ dance in the classroom .8 What is our granddaughter doing She ______ ______ listen to music.9 ______ Helen ______ wash clothes Yes; she is .B、根据中文;完成句子;每空一词..1 刘涛的父亲正在浇花..Liu Tao’s father is ______ ______.2 看;孩子们正在操场上踢足球..Look The children ______ ______ ______ in the playground.3 她正在公园里散步吗是的..--- _____ she______a walk in the park ---Yes; she______.4 Jack正在哪读书在他书房..--- ______ ______ Jack ______ the book now ---He is______ ___ ___ ______.3、一般过去时A、构成形式：主语+动词的过去式+其他..注意：没有be动词的否定句和疑问句中;用didn’t否定和用did提问后;动词一定要用原形..B、判断依据：1be动词是was、were；2动词加ed；3有表示过去的时间状语;现在学过的常用的表示过去的时间状语有：just now;a moment;yesterday;last week;last night;last weekend;last year;last month;three days ago;two weeks ago;five years ago…。
小升初英语必备10大语法知识点
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小升初英语基础语法知识总结
小升初英语基础语法知识总结英语语法是学习英语的基础，掌握基础语法知识对于小升初学生来说尤为重要。
本文将总结小升初英语基础语法知识，并对各个知识点进行详细解释和例句说明，帮助学生更好地理解和掌握。
一、名词名词是表示人、事物、动作、状态等概念的名称。
在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。
1. 可数名词和不可数名词可数名词有单数和复数形式，用于表示可以计数的人或物。
不可数名词则表示不可分割的物质、抽象概念等。
例如：可数名词单数：book（书），cat（猫）可数名词复数：books（书本），cats（猫）不可数名词：water（水），information（信息）2. 名词所有格名词所有格表示所属或关系。
在可数名词单数后加's，复数名词后只加'。
例如：单数名词所有格：Tom’s book（汤姆的书）复数名词所有格：the students’ desks（学生们的书桌）二、代词代词是用来代替名词，表示人或事物的词语。
常见的代词有人称代词、物主代词、指示代词等。
1. 人称代词人称代词分为主格和宾格两种形式。
主格用作主语或表语，宾格用作宾语或介词后的宾语。
例如：主格：I（我），you（你），he（他）宾格：me（我），you（你），him（他）2. 物主代词物主代词表示所属关系，常用于名词前修饰名词。
例如：my（我的），your（你的），his（他的）三、动词动词是表示动作或状态的词语。
根据时态形式的不同，动词可分为一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时。
1. 一般现在时表示经常性的动作或现阶段的状态。
例如：I play basketball every day.（我每天打篮球。
）2. 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。
例如：He visited his grandparents last weekend.（他上个周末去看望了他的祖父母。
）3. 一般将来时表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或状态。
小升初语法-冠词(讲义)通用版英语六年级下册
小学英语语法知识汇总——冠词篇一、什么是冠词?冠词是一种虚词。
不能独立使用，放在名词前，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物。
英语中的冠词分可分为两种:定冠词、不定冠词。
二、不定冠词1.不定冠词的用法a:用于辅音音素开头的单词前。
例:a cake 一块蛋糕 a tooth 一颗牙an:用于元音音素开头的单词前。
例: an hour 一小时an umbrella 一把伞词在不同子中表达的含义不同(1)表示事物的数量为1Can you give me a dictionary?你能给我一本字典吗?Tom had an egg and a glass of milk for breakfast.汤姆早饭吃了一个鸡蛋和一杯牛奶。
（2）表示“每一”Lisa goes to the park three times a week.丽萨一周去公园三次。
This bag of pears costs five yuan a kilo.这袋梨五元一公斤(3)一类事物A cat likes to eat fish. 猫喜欢吃鱼。
A lion can be dangerous. 狮子可能有危险性。
3不定冠词的固定用法have a cold 感冒have a bath 洗澡as a result 结果 a lot of 许多have a rest 休息have a try 尝试keep an eye on 照看 a kind of 一种三、定冠词定冠词the 有“这(那)个”的意思，可以和名词连用，表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
Is the blue kite yours? 这个蓝色的风筝是你的吗?The woman in pink is my aunt. 穿粉色衣服的女人是我的阿姨I have a cat.The cat is black.我有一只猫，它是黑色的。
I bought a dictionary. The dictionary is very useful.我买了一本字典。
小升初英语语法大全
汇报人：XX
01 添 加 目 录 文 本
02 基 础 语 法 知 识
03 句 子 的 结 构 和 类 型
04 词 汇 和 固 定 搭 配
阅读理解和完形填 05 空
06 写 作 和 翻 译
单击添加文档标题
基础语法知识
名词的数：表示数量或个体，如单数和复数形式
名词的格：表示名词与动词、形容词等之间的关系，如主格、宾格、所 有格等形式
阅读理解和完形填空
快速浏览全文，把握文章大意 仔细阅读问题，明确考查点 返回原文，寻找答案依据 理解答案选项，排除干扰项
掌握文章主旨，理 解作者意图
注重上下文语境， 把握前后文联系
积累词汇和语法知 识，避免常见错误
练习大量真题，提 高解题速度和准确 率
常见题型：细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题
词汇理解错误 语法运用不当 上下文理解偏差 推理分析能力不足
写作和翻译
语法：正确使用 英语语法，避免 常见的语法错误。
词汇：选择适当 的词汇，丰富语 言表达。
Байду номын сангаас
结构：清晰地组 织文章结构，使 文章易于理解。
表达方式：采用多 种表达方式，使文 章更加生动有趣。
● 写作题型：记叙文 - 解题思路：明确主题，按照时间顺序组织内容，注意细节描写和情感表达。 - 范文解析：Sample Essay: My Favorite Memory
疑问句：用来提出问题的句子，通常以疑问词开头，如“Where are you from?”
祈使句：表示请求或命令的句子，通常以动词原形开头，如“Please sit down.”
感叹句：表示强烈的感情或感叹，通常以感叹号结尾，如“How beautiful the sunset is!”
小升初英语语法总结
小升初英语语法总结英语语法是学习英语不可或缺的一部分，它是我们理解和运用英语的基础。
在小升初的英语考试中，语法相关的知识点占据了相当大的比重。
为了帮助同学们更好地掌握英语语法，以下是一些小升初英语语法的总结。
一、名词名词是指标示人、事物、地方和抽象概念的名称。
在句子中，名词可以作为主语、宾语以及补语等。
名词的复数形式通常是在词尾加-s或-es。
但也有一些特殊的变化规则，如“man”变为“men”、“child”变为“children”等。
名词还可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词有单复数之分，而不可数名词没有单复数之分。
在句子中，可数名词前通常需要加上冠词或其他限定词，而不可数名词则不需要。
二、形容词形容词用来描述名词的特征和性质。
在句子中，形容词通常位于名词前面或者被系动词连接。
形容词有三个级别：原级、比较级和最高级。
原级形容词表示基本的程度，比较级则表示两个事物之间的比较，最高级则表示三个或更多事物之间的比较。
形容词的比较级常常是在词尾加-er，最高级则是在词尾加-est。
但也有一些特殊的变化规则，如“good”变为“better”、“best”、“bad”变为“worse”、“worst”等。
三、动词动词是指表示动作、状态或存在的词语。
在句子中，动词通常用来表示主语的动作或状态。
动词可以分为不及物动词和及物动词。
不及物动词后面不需要接宾语，而及物动词后面需要接宾语。
动词的时态有过去时、现在时和将来时。
时态的使用要根据句子的时限来确定。
动词还可以根据人称和数的不同来进行变化。
一般而言，第三人称单数形式的动词在词尾加-s或-es。
四、副词副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的词语。
它可以告诉我们动作的方式、时间、地点或程度。
副词的形式通常是在形容词的基础上加-ly。
但也有一些特殊的变化规则，如“good”变为“well”、“bad”变为“badly”等。
副词也有一些比较级和最高级的形式，使用方法与形容词类似。
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小升初英语语法总结大全
主格：Iweyousheheitthey
宾格：meusyouherhimitthem
形容词性物主代词：myouryourherhisitstheir
名词性物主代词：mineoursyourshershisitstheirs
2、形容词和副词的比较级
(1)一般在形容词或副词后+er
oldertallerlongerstronger，etc
(2)多音节词前+more
moreinteresting，etc。
(3)双写最后一个字母，再+er
biggerfatter，etc。
(4)把y变i，再+er
heavier，earlier
(5)不规则变化：
well-better，much/many-more，etc。
3、可数词的复数形式
Mostnouns+sabookbooks
Nounsendinginaconsonant+y-y+iesastorystories
Nounsendingins，sh，chorx+esaglassglassesawatch-watches
Nounsendingino+sor+esapianopianosamangomangoes
Nounsendinginforfe-forfe+vesaknifeknivesashelf-shelves
4、不可数名词(单复数形式不变)
bread，rice，water，juiceetc。
5、缩略形式
Im=Iamyoure=youareshes=sheishes=heis
its=itiswhos=whoiscant=cannotisnt=isnotetc
6、a/an
abook，apeach
anegganhour
7、Preposition：
on，in，infrontof，between，nextto，near，beside，at，behind。
表示时间：atsixoclock，atChristmas，atbreakfast
onMondayon15thJulyOnNationalDay
intheeveninginDecemberinwinter
8、基数词和序数词
onefirsttwo-secondtwenty-twentieth
9、Some/any
Ihavesometoysinmybedroom。
Doyouhaveanybrothersorsisters？
10、be动词
(1)Basicform：am/are/is
(2)肯定和否定句Iam(not)fromLondon。
Myeyesare(not)small。
Myhairis(not)long。
（3）一般疑问句：AmIaChniese？Yes，youare。No，youarent。
AretheyAmerican？Yes，theyare。No，theyarent。
Isthecatfat？Yes，itis。No，itisnt。
11、therebe结构
肯定句：Thereisa
Thereare
一般疑问句：Isthere？Yes，thereis。/No，thereisnt。
Arethere？Yes，thereare。/No，therearent。
否定句：Thereisnt。Therearent。
12、祈使句
Sitdownplease
Dontsitdown，please。
13、现在进行时。通常用now。
形式：be+verb+ing
eg：Iam(not)doingmyhomework。
You/We/Theyare(not)reading。
He/She/Itis(not)eating。
动词ing的形式
Mostverbs+ingwalkwalking
Verbsendingine-e+ingcomecoming
Shortverbsendinginavowel+aconsonantrunrunningswimswimming
14、一般现在时。通常用usually，often，everyday，sometimes。
形式：
肯定句：
Igotoschoolonfooteveryday。
Shegoestoschoolonfooteveryday。
一般疑问句：
Doyoujumphigh？Yes，Ido。/No，Idont。
Doeshejumphigh？Yes，hedoes。/No，hedoesnt。
否定句：WedontgotoschoolonSundays。
MymotherdoesntlikewatchingTVintheevening。
15、(情态)动词can，must，should后面直接用动词原形。
eg：
1、I/He/She/Theycansing。
2、Youshouldkeepquietinthelibrary。
16、一般过去时态
（a）be动词的过去式：
I/He/she/itwas(not)。You/we/theywere。
一般疑问句was，were放在句首。
（b）动词过去式：
肯定句：Iwatchedcartoons。
Shevisitedthezoo。
一般疑问句：Didyoureadbooklastnight？Yes，Idid。No，Ididnt。
Didshecleanthedeskjustnow？Yes，shedid。No，shedidnt。
否定句：Theydidntgothethepartyesterday。
Hedidntmakemodelshipslastweek。
(3)动词过去式的变化：
规则动词的变化：
Mostverbs+edeg。planted，watered，climbed。
Verbsendingine+degliked。
Verbsendinginaconsonant+y--y+iedeg：studystudied
Shortverbsendinginavowel+aconsonanteg：stop--stopped
不规则动词的变化：
is/amwas，arewere，dodid，have/hashad，makemade，fly-flew/u：
/
eatate，taketook，runran，singsang，drinkdrank等等
17、Wh-questions。
Whatareyoudoing？
Whatcolourisit？
Whattimeisit？Whatsthetime？
Whichisyourwatch，theyellowoneorthewhiteone？
Whosthemanwithabignose？
Whosebagisit？
Whenisyourbirthday？
Whereismyballpen？
Whydoyoulikesummer？
Howmanybooksarethereintheschoolbag？
Howoldistheyoungman？
Howmuchisthetoybear？
Howdoyougotoschooleveryday？
Whatareyoudoing？
Whatcolourisit？
Whattimeisit？Whatsthetime？
Whichisyourwatch，theyellowoneorthewhiteone？
Whosthemanwithabignose？
Whosebagisit？
Whenisyourbirthday？
Whereismyballpen？
Whydoyoulikesummer？
Howmanybooksarethereintheschoolbag？
Howoldistheyoungman？
Howmuchisthetoybear？
Howdoyougotoschooleveryday？