老托福听力30篇下载之天文学家(原文+翻译)

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老托福听力30篇下载之天文学家（原文+翻译）

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Most people think of astronomers as people who spend their time in cold observatories peering through telescopes every night. In fact, a typical astronomer spends most of his or her time analyzing data and may only be at the telescope a few weeks of the year. Some astronomers work on purely theoretical problems and never use a telescope at all. You might not know how rarely images are viewed directly through telescopes. The most common way to observe the skies is to photograph them. The process is very simple. First, a photographic plate is coated with a light-sensitive material. The plate is positioned so that the image received by the telescope is recorded on it. Then the image can be developed, enlarged, and published so that many people can study it. Because most astronomical objects are very remote, the light we receive from them is rather feeble. But by using a telescope as a camera, long time exposures can be made. In this way, objects can be photographed that are a hundred times too faint to be seen by just looking through a telescope.

许多人认为天文学家是那种每晚都把时间花在冰冷的天文台上，通过望远镜仔细观察的人。事实上，一位典型的天文学家会把他自己的大部分时间用在分析日期上，而且也许一年只用几个星期的望远镜。一些天文学家仅仅研究理论上的问题，而从不用望远镜。你也许不知道直接在望远镜上观察到像是多么的难得。观察天空更常用的方式是将它照下来。这个过程非常简单。首先，把一个摄影用的感光片涂上一层光敏的材料。这个感光片被放好，于是望远镜接收到的图像被记录在上面。然后便可以冲洗图像，放大，出版，于是许多人都可以研究它。因为大部分天体是非常遥远的，所以从它们那里接受到的光相当微弱。但是通过将望远镜用作照相机的方法，长时间的曝光可以得到像。用这种方法，只从望远镜里看就可以让天体被照下来上百次非常微弱的光用于观察。