英国文学总结
英国文学(期末总结)
content
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
the Anglo-Saxon period The Anglo-Norman period Renaissance period The 17th Century period The 18th Century period Romantic period Romanticism Literature Victorian Age Critical Realism Literature
Chapter 5. The 18th Century period
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
The Enlightenment(reason) The rise of English novels (realistic novel) Neo-classicism Satiric literature Sentimentalism Pre-romanticism back
back
Romance
(1) Three Literary Periods (2) Arthur and his knights of the Round Table (3) Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (plot; theme)
back
Renaissance period
Chapter 6.Romantic Age Literature
(1) (2) (3)
Romantic poets of the first generation Romantic poets of the second generation Novelists of the Romantic Age
英国文学下半部分总结
一：The Eighteenth Century(1688---1798)-----The Age of Reason/Enlightenment 1)Pope 18世纪被称为是Pope的时代，18世纪最伟大的诗人，其诗多用“heroic couplet”1)16岁Pastorals《田园诗》2)1711 Essay on Criticism《批评论》—heroic couplets and didactic poem3)1714 The Rape of the Lock《卷发遇劫记》—a mock-heroic poem4)The Dunciad《群愚史诗》5)Essay on man《人论》—philosophical poem in heroic couplets6)Imitation of Horace《仿贺拉斯》7)Epistle to Dr.Arbuthnot《致阿勃诺斯特医生书》2)Swift 讽刺作家1)1704 A Tale of a Tub《木桶的故事》—parable寓言2)1704 The Battle of the Books《书站》3)1708 Bickerstaff Almanac《比克斯塔福历书》4)1708 Elegy of Mr.Partridge《帕特里奇挽歌》5)1708 Vindication of Isaac Bickerstaff《艾萨克·比克斯塔福的辩护》6)1726，10 Gulliver’s Travels《格里佛游记》7)Pamphlets on Ireland(小论文) 关于爱尔兰的小册子（1）The Drapier’s Letters《布商的书信》（2） A Modest Proposal《一个小小的建议》8)Tragic love affairs: Candenus and Vanessa《坎迪纳斯和文莎》、Journal toStella《给斯拉特的信》—love-letters9)1745 On the Death of Dr. Swift3)Defoe “the pioneer novelist of England”英国现实主义小说开创人，1)1701 Trueborn Englishman—A Satire《纯血统英国人》---- pamphlet2)1702 The Shortest Way with the Dissenters《铲除新教徒的途径》3)1703,5 Hymn to the Pillory《木枷颂》4)The Review《评论报》—a political and literary magazine5)代表作Robinson crusoe《鲁比逊漂流记》Captain Singleton 《辛格顿船长》Moll Flanders 《莫尔·弗兰德斯》Colonel Jacque《雅克上校》4. Richardson1)1740 Pamela《帕米拉》或者Virtue Rewarded:In a Series of FamiliarLetters from a Beaytiful Young Damsel to Her Parents—书信体形式Epistolary novels，a long tale2)1747-1748 Clarissa《克拉丽莎》—the best one3)1753-1754 Sir Charles Grandison《查尔斯·格兰迪森爵士的历史》5. Fielding “ father of English Novel”英国小说之父1)1729-1737 26plays burlesques(滑稽剧) and dramatic satires(讽刺剧)1737年3月The Historical Register for the Year 1736《一七三六年历史纪事》2)1739 The champion《斗士》—a newspaper3)From 1742 4 novels（1）1742,2 Joseph Andrew《约瑟夫·安德鲁》（2）1743 Jonathan Wild the Great《大诗人江奈生·威尔德》—political satire （3）1749 Tom Jones 《汤姆·琼斯》—great novel（4）1751 Amelia《艾米利亚》—last novel4)1749-1750 as a magistrate地方法官，died in 1754,10.8 at Lisbon5)V oyage to Lisbon《里斯本航海日记》—unpublished6. Sheridan1)1775 The Rivals—first comedy, love affair2)1777 The School for Scandal—masterpiece, a great comedy of manners7. Sentimentalism（18世纪中期形成）1)Thomas Gray :neo-classicismIn 1716-1771 Elegy Written in the Country Churchyard《墓园挽诗》2)William Cowper （1731-1800）The Task《任务》— a long poem written in blank verse3) George Crabbe : a clergymanThe Village《乡村》—classical form in couplet4）James Thompson Seasons《四季》5）Edward Young Night Thoughts《夜思》6）William CollinsTo Simplicity《致简单》The Passions《激情》To Evening《致夜晚》8. Pre-Romanticism(18世纪后期)—against the bondage of ClassicismUshered引领人物：Percy，Macpherson，Chatterton1)Percy 1756 Reliques of Ancient English Poetry《英诗辑古》—folk songsand ballads, marks an epoch in the history of English poetry2)Macpherson 1762 Fingal《芬歌儿》—an epic3)Chatterton The Rowley Papers《罗利诗篇》Represented 代表人物：Blake，Burns1)William Black（1）1783 Poetical Sketches《诗歌素描》—first collection of poemsSpenserian stanza, blank verse, ballad form, lyric metres（2）1789 Songs of Innocence《天真之歌》--- The lamb（3）1794 Songs of Experience《经验之歌》（4）The Marriage of Heaven and Heal《天堂和地狱的结合》（5）1791 The French Revolution《法国大革命》（6）1793 Vision of the Daughters of Albion and America, a prophecy2)Robert burns Scottish poet（1）1876,7 Poems Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect《苏格兰方言诗集》Farewell to Scotland《再见苏格兰》（2）Scottish folk songs for two anthologies: The Scots Musical Museun《苏格兰音乐汇总》和Select Collection of Original Scottish Airs《原始的苏格兰歌曲选集》（3）Poem: A Red, Red Rose《一朵红红的玫瑰》和Bruce at Bannockburn （4）革命主题诗歌：➢The Tree of Liberty《自由树》➢ A Revolutronary Lyric《一首革命抒情诗》➢The Slave’s Lament《奴隶怨》—sympathy➢The Toadeater《致谄媚者》—satire➢The Jolly Beggars《欢乐的乞丐》—humour and lightheartedness➢Auld Lang Syne《昔日时光》二：The Age of Romanticism(1798----1832) 18世纪末19世纪初期出现Liberty, equality, fraternity(自由、平等、博爱)1)浪漫主义代表人物（1）E dmund Burke 1790 Reflections on the Revolution in France（2）R adical writers（进步作家）：➢Thomas Paine 1791-1792 The Right of Man《人权》➢William Cobbett 1802-1835 Political Register《政治纪事周刊》（3）Prose（散文家）：Lamb，Hazlitt, De Quincey, Hunt（4）Novelist：Walter Scott 标志着从romanticism到realism（5）两大流派two schools:➢Elder generation of romanticists/escapist romanticists/ The Lake poem: Wordsworth, Coleridge, Southey➢Young generation of romanticists/active romanticists:Byron, Shelley, Keats2)Wordsworth 湖畔诗人（1）1789 with Coleridge Lyrical Ballads《抒情诗歌谣》（2）作品：★Lines written in the Early Spring《早春遣句》★To the Cuckoo《致杜鹃》★I wondered lonely as a Cloud《我如行云独自游》★My heart leaps up when I behold《我心荡漾》★Intimations of Immortality《永生颂》★Lines composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey《丁登寺杂咏》—lyrical hymn of thanks to nature★Lucy—poem, short pathetic lyrics between humanity and nature★The prelude《序曲》—1799-1805 autobiographical poem, in 14 books 3)Coleridge湖畔诗人（1）With Southey, The Fall of Robespierre— a poetical drama in three acts（2）1798 The Rime of the Ancient Mariner《古舟子吟》—a long poem （3）1797 Kubla Khan《忽必列汉》— a dream-poem 54 lines（4）1797-1800 Christabel《克里斯塔贝尔》— unfinished（5）As a litreary critic(1808-1815) 文学评论家✧Notes and Letrures on Shakespeare✧Biographia Literaria, or Sketches of My Literary Life and Opinions—1817 the most important prose work and literary authbiography4)Southey 湖畔诗人（1）1793 Joan of Are《圣女贞像》—an epic（2）1794 Wat Tyler《瓦特·泰勒》—a drama（3）1794 With Coleridge, The Fall of Robespierre— a poetical drama in three acts（4）1821 A vision of Judgement《审判的幻景》—a long poem（5）Short poems: The Inchcape Rock, The battle of Blenhein, My Days among the Dead Are Passed（6）As a prose writer : The Life of Nelson(1813) 《尼尔森的生活》（7）Poetical romances浪漫诗歌：只有4首★1801 Thalaba the Destroyer 《萨拉巴》★1805 Madoc《麦道克》★1810 The Curse of kehama《克哈马的诅咒》★1814 Roderick, the Last of the Goths《罗德克·最后的高斯人》5)Byron the Satanic School(撒旦派)（1）1807 Hours of Idleness《悠闲的时光》—first collection of poem（2）1809 English Bards and Scotch Reviewers—satire（3）1816 Songs for the Luddites《卢德者之歌》（4）1809 Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage《恰尔德·哈尔德游记》—拜伦式英雄long poem （5）Narrative poem 叙事诗1813年Giaour，The Bride of Abydos，Lara1814年The Corsair oriental tales东方叙事诗1816年Parisina，The Siege of Corinth（6）lyrical poem 抒情诗：1815 Herbrew Melodies《希伯来歌曲》（7）Switzerland瑞士：Sonnet on Chillon, The Prisones of Chillon(1816,narrative poem), Manfred（a poetical drama）（8）文学成就：Childe Harold《恰尔德·哈尔德游记》Don Yuan《唐璜》—masterpieceCain 《该隐》—a poetical dramaThe Prophecy of Dante《但丁预言》The vision of Judgement《审判的幻景》6)Shelly the Satanic School(撒旦派)（1）1811 The Necessity of Atheism《无神论的必要性》—an anti-religious pamphlet （2）1812 Address to the Irish People《致爱尔兰人民》（3）Queen Mab《麦布女王》—first important poem（4）1818 The Revolt of Islam《伊斯兰反叛》（5）1819➢Masque of Anarcy《专制的假面游行》—allegorical poem➢Prometheus unbound《解放了的普罗米修斯》—lyrical drama➢The Cenci《钦挚一家》—a historical tradgedy on Italian Subject（6）1819年后，写了大量的poems➢Peter Bell the Third《彼特·贝尔三世》—a dramatic satire➢Hellas《海勒斯》—a lyrical drama➢Adonais《阿多尼》—an elegy on the death of Keats➢A Defence of poetry《诗辩》—an essay（7）Love lyrics 爱情抒情诗➢Love’s Philosophy《爱的哲学》➢One Word Is Too Often Profaned《有一个字常被人亵渎》➢With a Guitar, to Jane《用一把吉他，献给简》➢The Indian Serenade《印度小夜曲》➢Ode to the west wind《西风颂》➢To a Skylark《致云雀》7)John Keats（1）1817 First collection of poem was published（2）1818 Endymion《恩底弥翁》—second book（3）Third and last volume—include Isabella《伊莎贝拉》，The Eve of St.Agnes 《圣阿格尼斯前夜》，Eamia《拉米亚》（4）Long poem长诗5部★Endymion《恩底弥翁》4000多行★Isabella《伊莎贝拉》/The Pot of Basil(based on Boccaccio’s Decameron)★The Eve of St.Agnes《圣阿格尼斯前夜》—narrative poem in Spensorian Stanzas★Emaia《拉米亚》—Burton’s Anatomy of Melancholy★Hyperion《赫波里昂》—unfinished long epic in two fragments （5）Short poem短诗➢Sleep and porety《睡与诗》➢sonnets and odes✧Bright Star《灿烂的星》✧When I Have Fair《当我害怕时》✧Ode to Autumn《秋颂》✧Ode to Melancholy《忧郁颂》✧Ode on a Grecian Urn《希腊古瓮颂》✧Ode to a Nightingale《夜莺颂》8)Scott 历史小说之父“the father of history novels”（1）Three volumes三卷本(1802-1803)：Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border《苏格兰边区歌谣集》（2）Long poem★1805 The lay of the Last Minstrel—first long poem★1808 Marmion《玛米恩》★1810 The Lady of the Lake《湖上夫人》（3）Novel 1814 Waverley《威弗利》—first novel（4）Historical novel⏹Scotland✧1814 Waverley《威弗利》✧1815 Guy Mannering《盖曼钠令》✧1816 Old Morality《清教徒》✧1817 Rob Roy《罗伯·罗伊》✧1818 The Heart of Midlothian《爱丁堡监狱》⏹English✧1820 Ivanhoe《艾凡赫》—the most famous one✧1821 Kenilworth《肯纳尔沃思堡》✧1822 The Fortunes of Nigel《尼格尔的家产》✧1826 Woodstock《皇家猎官》✧1828 Peveril of the Peak《贝弗利尔·皮克》⏹Europe✧1823 Quentin Durward《昆延·达沃德》✧1823 St. Ronan’s Wells 《圣罗南之泉》—the only one tells hiscontemporary life三．Critical Realism批判现实主义1)English Critical Realism(流行于19世纪40年代、50年代早期) The Victorian Age(1831---1901)代表人物：Dickens，Thackeray, Brontes’ sisters, Elizabeth Gaskell, Eliot19th century realistic novels become“the epic of the bourgeois society”2）Dickens critical realist writer批判现实主义小说家（1）Sketches by Boz《博兹随笔》—first book on Cockeny characters伦敦人物（2）Pickwick Papers《匹克威克外传》—long novel（3）1838-1841 Oliver Twist《雾都孤儿》, Nicholas Nickleby，The Old Curiosity Shop《老古玩店》，Barnaby Rudge（4）1842 in America：American Notes《美国札记》，Martin Chuzzlewit （5）From 1844 in Frence and Italy●Novels of social criticism★Dombey and Son 《董贝父子》★David Copper field《大卫·科波菲尔》★Bleak house《荒凉山庄》★Hard Times 《艰难世事》★Little Dorrit《小杜丽》●Two weekly magazines★1850-1859 Household words《家常话》★1859-1870 All the Year Round《一年四季》（6）A Tale of Two Cities《双城记》—a historical novel of the French Revolution （7）Novels on contemporary theme: Great Expectations《远大前程》, Our Mutual Friend《我们共同的朋友》（8）1867-1868 in England: Edwin Drood《艾德温·德鲁德》—unfinished, his last work （9）1843-1848 5 Christmas Books The Hungry Forties◆ A Christmas Carol《圣诞欢歌》◆The Chimes 《钟声》◆The Cricket on the Hearth《炉边蟋蟀》◆The Battle of Life《人生的战场》◆The haunted Man《被折磨的人》3）Thackeray critical realist writer批判现实主义小说家（1）1833 The National Standard《立宪报》—a bourgeois radical newspaper （2）1842 Punch《笨拙》—humorous and satirical weekly（3）1846-1847 The Snobs of England《势利者集》—satirical sketches （4）1847-1848 Vanity fair《名利场》，副标题是：A Novel Without Hero 源自John Bunyuan’s The Pilgrim’s Progress《天路历程》（5）1849-1850 Pendennis《彭登尼斯》（6）1853-1855 The Newcomes《纽克姆一家》（7）Two historical novels★1852 Henry Esmond《亨利·埃斯德蒙的历史》★1859 The virginians《弗吉尼亚人》—Henry Esmond的续篇（8）Last year of life : Denis Duval—unfinished4）Jane Austen critical realist writer批判现实主义小说家6 novels:●Northanger Abbey《诺桑觉寺》●Sense and sensibility《理智与情感》●pride and prejudice 《傲慢与偏见》1813年出版●Mansfield Park《曼斯菲尔德庄园》●Emma 《艾玛》●Persuasion《劝导》5）The Bronte Sister critical realist writer批判现实主义小说家19Th的小说是Female，三姐妹合出诗集Poems by Currer, Ellis and Acton Bell （1）Charlotte Bronte：Jane Eyre《简爱》,Shirley《谢利》，Villette《维莱特》（2）Emily Bronte：1847 Wuthering Heights《呼啸山庄》（3）Anne Bronte：Agnes Grey，The Tenant of the wildfell Hall6）George Eliot 真名：Mary Ann Evans（1）翻译了Feuerbach的The Essence of Christianity《宗教的本质》（2）The Westminster Review《威斯敏斯特评论》—as an assistant editor（3）Scenes of Clerical Life《教区生活场景》—first three stories for a magazine（4）Three remarkable novels:➢1859 Adam Bede 《亚当·贝德》➢1860 The Mill on the Floss《弗罗斯河上的磨坊》➢1861 Silas Marner《织工马南》（5）1863Romola《罗慕拉》—a historical novel（6）1866Felix Holt the Radical—a novel on political questions（7）1871-1872Middlemarch《米德尔马契》（8）1876 Daniel Deronda《但尼尔·狄隆达》四：The Victorian Age1) Tennyson 维多利亚时代最重要诗人Laureate Poet桂冠诗人，被葬在Westminster Abbey（1）1827 with brothers Poems by two brothers—a little volume（2）1830 first book in his on name Poem,Chrefly Lyrical《歌集》（3）1842 Poems《诗集》—in two volumes（4）Long poems after 1842★1847 The Princess《公主》—medley 杂集★1855 Maud《默德》—monodrama 单人剧★1859-1885 The Idylls of the King《国王叙事诗》—an epic of King Arthur（5）1850 In Memorian《悼念》—a collection of elegies（6）Crossing the Bar 《过沙洲》—death of his 81 years（7）Break, break ,break《冲击，冲击，冲击》2）Robert Browning 诗人，创造“Dramatic Monologue”戏剧独白（1）1833 Pauline 《波林》—first poem（2）1835 Paracelus《帕拉塞尔萨斯》（3）1837 Strafford《斯特拉福》—tragedy（4）1840 Sordello《索尔代洛》（5）1841 Pippa Passes《皮帕经过》—a dramatic poem（6）1841-1846 Bells and Poemgranates《铃铛和石榴》—a series of poems（7）1855 Men and Women《男人和女人》（8）1868-1869 The Ring and the Book《指环与书》—the most famous,2万行诗，12个dramatic monologue（9）Dramatic Lyrics《戏剧抒情诗》，Dramatic Romances《喜剧罗曼史》，Men and Women《男人和女人》，Dramatic Personae《戏剧人生》all use monologue（10）Short lyrics短篇抒情诗★Home Thoughts from Abroad《异国思乡》★The Pied Piper of Hamelin《哈曼林的风笛手》—a narrative poem for children★1889 Asolando《阿索兰多》—published on his death day3）Elizabeth Barrett(Mrs. Browning) 诗人（1）13岁The Battle of Marathon《马拉松战役》（2）1833 翻译了Prometheus Bound《被监禁的普罗米修斯》—Greek tragedy（3）1843 The Cry of the Children《孩子们的哭泣》（4）1847 Sonnets from the Portuguese《葡萄牙十四行诗》—lyrics（5）1851 Casa Guidi Windows《圭迪公寓的窗子》（6）1860 Poems before Congress《在大会以前写成的诗》4）Naturialism 自然主义20世纪后半期流行于欧洲，特别是法国和德国true to life George Gissing:★New Grub Street 《新格鲁勃街》★Charles Dickens：A Critical Study《查尔斯·狄更斯批评论》★The Private Paper of Henry Ryecroft《亨利·赖伊克罗夫特私信集》—part diary, part essays, part confessions, partly autobiographical5）Neo-Romanticism 新浪漫主义at the end of 19th centuryRobert Louis Stevenson:★1878 An Inland V oyage《内陆游记》★1879 Travels with a Donkey in the Cevennes《骑驴旅行》★Essay of 3 volumes:➢Virginibus Puerisque《给少年男女》➢Familiar Studies of Men and Book《作家与作品随笔研究》➢Memories and Portraits《回忆与画像》★Treasure Island《宝岛》—romance entitled★Kidnapped《诱拐》，The Black Arrow《黑箭》，The Master of Ballantrae, Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. hyde《化身博士》6）Aestheticism 唯美主义19世纪中叶在欧洲盛行（1）Walter Pater：scholar, critic, essayist★Studies in the History of the Renaissance《文艺复兴历史研究》—简称The Renaissance《文艺复兴》，是代表作★Marius the Epicurean《享乐主义者马里斯》—a philosophic novel★Imaginary Portraits《假面的肖像》★Appreciations《赏析篇》（2）Oscar Wilde：Irish poet, dramatist, novelist, essayist“aesthetic movement”美学运动代表人物主要理论是：为了艺术而艺术art for Arts’ sake★Poems《诗集》★Fairy stories童话故事：The Happy Prince and Other Tales《快乐王子》, A house of Pomegranates《石榴之屋》★ A collection of short stories短篇故事集: Lord Arthur Savile’s Crime and Other Stories《阿瑟·萨维尔勋爵的罪恶》★ A series of critical essays评论集: Intention《意向》★The only novel: The Picture of Dorian Gray《道林·雷格的画像》★ 4 comedies：➢Lady Windermere’s Fan《温德美尔夫人的扇子》➢ A Woman of No Importance《一个无足轻重的女人》➢An Ideal Husband《理想丈夫》➢The Importance of Being Earnest《认真的重要》★One tragedy：Salome《莎乐美》★ A prose work散文作品集：De Profundis《惨痛的呼声》★The Ballads of Reading Gaol《累丁狱之歌》—last work★An essay of social criticism: The Soul of Man Under Socialism 五．20世纪的英国文学1）Thomas Hardy自然主义小说家代表作：Tess of D’Urbervilles 《苔丝》Jude the Obscure《无名的裘德》Far From the Madding crowd《远离尘嚣》2）Bernard Shaw ：critical realist Novelist，dramaist代表作：Pygmalion《皮革马利翁》Window’s house《寡妇的房产》Major Barbar《巴巴拉少校》六：The twentieth Century------Modernism 现代主义The psychological Fiction心理小说（20世纪20、30年代）1）David Herbert Lawrence代表作：Sons and lovers《儿子和情人》The Rainbow《彩虹》Women In Love《恋爱中的女人》2）James Joyce 意识流主要表人物“stream of consciousness”代表作：Ulysses《尤里西斯》A Portrait of the Artist As A Young Man《一个青年艺术家的肖像》Dubliners《都柏林人》3）Virginia Woolf 意识流另一代表人物代表作：To The lighthouse《到灯塔去》，Jacob’s Room《雅各布的房间》The Waves《海浪》，Mrs Dalloway《达罗维夫人》。
英国文学要点总结
英国Chapter1 The Renaissance period（14世纪至十七世纪中叶）文艺复兴1. Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance.人文主义是文艺复兴的核心。
2. the Greek and Roman civilization was based on such a conception that man is the measure of all things.人文主义作为文艺复兴的起源是因为古希腊罗马文明的基础是以“人”为中心，人是万物之灵。
3. Renaissance humanists found in then classics a justification to exalt human nature and came to see that human beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development in the direction of perfection, and that the world they inhabited was theirs not to despise but to question, explore, and enjoy.人文主义者们却从古代文化遗产中找到充足的论据，来赞美人性，并开始注意到人类是崇高的生命，人可以不断发展完善自己，而且世界是属于他们的，供他们怀疑，探索以及享受。
4. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanists.托马斯.摩尔，克利斯朵夫.马洛和威廉.莎士比亚是英国人文主义的代表。
5. Wyatt introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England.怀亚特将彼特拉克的十四行诗引进英国。
英国文学总结(很好的)
1. Chaucer(1340-1400): The founder of English Poetry, and the founder of English realism, and buried in Westminster Abbey, thus founding the “Poets’Corner”. He was against Catholicism. Language: Middle English.代表作: The Canterbury Tales(1387-1400),其中有故事：Wife of Bath，owner of a cloth factory, lighthearted, merry, somewhat vulgar, and exceedingly talkative。
Married five times and expected to one or two more.2. Thomas More(1478-1535)代表作：Utopia, an ideal communist society, meaning “no place”. 全文分两部分，第一部分：a picture of contemporary England with forcible exposure of the poverty among the laboring classes, the greed and luxury among the rich, and an eagerness for war on the part of the rulers.第二部分：we have a sketch of an ideal commonwealth in some unknown ocean, where property is held in common and there is no poverty.3. Christopher Marlowe(1564-1593)代表作：Tamburlaine(1587)-------帖木儿大帝The Jew of Malta(1592)----马耳他岛的犹太人Doctor Faustus(1588)-------浮士德重点介绍：The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus, the hero is a young and brilliant scholar. Feature: an insatiable thirst for knowledge.影响力：1.show the spirit of the rising bourgeoisie;2.the theme of his plays is the praise of individuality, the conviction of the boundless possibility of human efforts in conquering the universe, and soaring aspiration after power and knowledge and beauty in their ideal forms. Marlowe：It is Marlowe who first made blank verse(rhymeless iambic pentameter) the principal instrument of English drama.4.Shakespeare: he was born on April 23, 1564, in Stratford-on-Avon. And he died on April 23, 1616, buried in Stratford Church.一. The great comedies: A Midsummer Night’s Dream, The Merchant of Venice, As You Like It and Twelfth Night剧情介绍：it is a beautiful fairy-tale combined with the story of the struggle for happiness of two pairs of lovers: Hermia and Lysander, Helena and Demetrius. 特色：the most lyrical of all his plays, in which elements of Greek mythology and fancifully combined with those of British folklore.2. 威尼斯商人It is a “grave comedy”. It takes its plot from an Italian story. 人物：Bassanio borrowed money from Shylock, and Antonio is Bassanio’s friend. Portia is one of Shakespeare’s ideal women---beautiful, cultured, courteous and capable of rising to an emergency.3.As You Like It.人物：Frederick, Rosalind, Celia, Orlando, Oliver。
英国文学期末重点总结
英国文学期末一.The contributions of Geoffrey Chaucer.1.The first to present a comprehensive and realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all works of life in his masterpiece The Canterbury Tales.2.Introduced from France the rhymed stanzas of various types to replace the Old English alliterative verse the first to use heroic couplet.3.Contributed to the establishment of English as the literary language of England, based on London dialect. He raised the language to the higher literary level by writing with a polish and ease.二.The feature of humanism.1.It believed that man is the measure of all things, it stands for devotion to the humane values represented in classical literature.2.Against the medieval feudal value and blind faith in after-life, the humanists believed in man's capability of self perfection and emphasized the importance of personal worth and the joy of the present life.三.The character of Shylock.1.Shylock's demand for a pound of flesh has made him one of literature's most memorable villains, but many readers and play gores have found him a powerful and sympathetic figure.Shakespeare makes him seem more human by showing that his hatred is born of the mistreatment he has suffered in a christian society.2.At the same time, when the Merchant of Venice was created, anti-semitism prevailed in England.Traits of the stereotyped Jews:greedy, miserly, cruel, full of hatred and revenge, devoid of gentility and interests in music and poetry.3.In a word,he is a Jews usurer,mean, greedy,cunning,cruel,vengeful,merciless,a,sophist,but also a victim of racial discrimination and religious persecution.四.Metaphysical conceit.A conceit is a figure of speech which makes an unusual and sometimes elaborately sustained comparison between two dissimilar things.五.Features of Neoclassicism.1.Reason emphasized: it is inartistic to show unrestrained emotion in lit,reason,order,regularity are admired rather than fancy and imagination.2.Form is stressed rather than content: craftsmanship, balance,proportion,harmony,grace,poetic diction; "what oft was thought, but never so well expressed."(pope)3.Didactic and satirical: writer had the duty to educate as well as entertain people, satire being an effective means of correcting people's folly and weakness.4.City life and man-made object preferred: city life gives a sense of order while rural wild life, natural landscape were coarse, chaotic and disorderly.六.The character of Robinson Crusoe.A real hero, a typical 18th century English middle class man, with a great capacity for work, inexhaustible energy, courage, patience and persistence in overcoming obstacles, in struggling against hostile natural environment and also against human fate.七.Gulliver's Travels.1.Four travels:a. Lilliput (6-inch high people):An allegory of English politics in the early 18th century when the Whigs and Tories were fighting bitterly for the control of the country.Exposure of the corruption,political and religious strife and social vices.b.Brobdingnag,a mock utopia. The inhabitants of the country are gentle and peace,loving and ruled by a fair and merciful king; Gulliver,in contrast,seems petty,vindictive and cruel;The giants are superior the human beings both in wisdom and in humanity.c.The kingdom of Laputa, a flying island and its colonies;the so called philosophers and scientists engrossed in abstract speculation and useless experiments;containing criticism of the malpractices and false illusions about science,philosophy,history and immortality in early 18th C.d.The land of the Houyhnms,the horse are governed totally by reason and created a society perfectly ordered and peaceful the Yahoos are greedy,envious,cruel anddisgusting bruts.The Yahoos represent the worst traits in human nature,and the lowest level to which man might sink.2.The significance of this book.Gulliver's Travel is a biting satire,both humorous and critical,attacking British and European society through its description of imaginary countries.As a whole,the book is one of the most effective and devastating satires of all aspects in the English and European life......socially,politically,religiously, philosophical scientifically and morally.Caused critical controversy,often mistaken for a misanthropist.八.The significance of Tom Jones.The novel is admirable for the panoramic view of the 18th C English society;about 40 characters are portrayed from nearly all classes of society;the setting is wide-ranging and varied, shifting from the country to the city.The superb plot contruction; 18 books equally divided into 3 sections,clearly marked out by the change of scenes; classical effect of balance.九.The features of Romanticism.1.A strong reaction and protest against the bondage of rules and conventions;favored innovations in subject and form.2.Turned the nature,particularly the rural,wild landscape, for its poetic imagery and subject matter.3.Admired passion and imagination;regarded passion, imagination and originality as something crucial for true poetry.4.Interested in the ancient, the exotic,the uncivilized way of life;turned the the primitive literature for inspiration and models.5.Emphasis upon the individuality of people as against the neoclassicist s’ stress on social virtues.十.Wordsworth's Theory.In the preface the the second edition of lyrical Ballads he explained his poetic theory.It is regarded as the declaration of Romanticism.1.Good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings.mon life as subject,scenes and events of everyday life,joys and sorrows of thecommon people most suitable for poetry.3.Simple language:the fresh ,living everyday speech is most suitable for poetry.4.Return the nature,nature as a teacher,the stepping stone between God and Man.十一.What's Byronic Hero?1.The Byronic Hero is an idealized but flawed character exemplified in the life and writings of Lord Byron.2.This Byronic Hero would shoulder the burden of righting all the wrongs in the world and fight alone against any type of tyranny.十二.What's the author's opinion about marriage in Pride and Prejudice?1.We must have good judgment if we want to form good relationships in life.2.Our first impression ually wrong.Maturity is achieved through the loss of illusions.3.She regarded love and marriage as the typical theme of her novel,her ideal marriage have three elements:true love ,personal merits and money.十三.Features of Dickens' work.1.His works offer a most complete and realistic picture of the English society of his age.2.He believed in the moral self-perfection of class contradictions.There is a tendency for a reconciliation of class contradictions.3.Almost all his novels have happy endings.4.He drew a lot from the experiences of his childhood.5.As a humorist, his novel are full of humor and laughter.十四.Theme of the Vanity Fair.Selfishness and corruption of the upper classes;Showing a society which judges people on money and appearance and ignores the true virtues.十五.The character of Jane Eyre.1.Jane is intelligent,well educated,industrious,compassion:ate,and morally upright,with an independent spirit.2.A woman of high principle,religious faith self-respect and moral strength.3.Desire for independence,self-identification and self-fulfilment.4.For this Charlotte is considered a forerunner of feminism and Jane Eyre a feminist novel.十六．有特殊地位的作家1.Geoffrey Chaucer:Father of English Literature.2.William Shakespeare:The master of language.3.John Donne: Father of the Metaphysical poetry.4.John Milton：The greatest poet of 17th C.5.Three poet laureate:William Wordsworth ; Alfred Lord Tennyson ; Southey6.Daniel Defoe: Father of English novel.7.Charles Dickens: The greatest representative of critical realism.8.James Joyce: Father of stream of consciousness novel.9.Henry Fielding: Father of English realistic novel.10.William Blake: The forerunner of Romanticism.ke poets:William Wordsworth; Coleridge; Southey十七．各个时期的文学潮流1.The Anglo-Saxon period and The Anglo-Norman period: epic and romance.2.The renaissance:humanism.3.The period of revolution and restoration: metaphysical poets.4.The age of Enligtenment: neoclassicism; Gothic novel ; sentimentalism ; Pre-romantic poetry ; drama ; chivalry.5.The romantic period: lake poets ; Byronic hero ; ode6.The victorian age: critical realism; romantically and realistically; novel。
英国文学史笔记总结部分
English Literature 英国文学史笔记The Development of English LiteratureFrom the academic angle, English literature can be divided into seven periods:1. Early and Medieval English literature;2. The English Renaissance;3. The 17th C. – The Period of Revolution and Restoration;4. The 18th Century –The Age of Enlightenment5. Romanticism in England in the 1st half of the 19th century;6. The Victorian Age;7. The 20th Century Literature –Modernism and Post-ModernismChapter1 Literature of Old and Medieval Period(449—1485)1) Anglo-Saxon Period /Old English Period (449-1066)The main literary contribution of this period is the Epic, and its masterpiece is the national epic The Song of Beowulf, which is a long poem of 3182 lines about the deeds of the Teutonic (条顿)hero Beowulf in the 6th century. It is the oldest poem in the English language and the oldest surviving epic in Anglo-Saxon literature.2）The Anglo-Norman Period /Middle English Period (1066-1485)The literature of this period is greatly influenced by the Norman Conquest (1066). After the conquest, the customs and ideals known as chivalry was introduced by the Normans into England and can be reflected in literature, such as the knightly code, the romantic interest in women , tenderness and reverence paid to Virgin Mary etc.. The prevailing form of literature in the Feudal England was Romance (传奇，骑士文学).The most famous Romance was Sir Gawain and the Green Knight.㈠Definitions of Literary Terms1. Couplet(对句): a couplet is two consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme.2. Iambic pentameter: each line has five feet of iambs; in each foot, there is an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable.3.Heroic Couplet(英雄偶句／双韵体): two consecutive lines of rhymed poetry in iambic pentameter. (an iambic pentameter couplet). The form was introduced into English by Geoffrey Chaucer and was widely used subsequently, reaching a height of popularity in the works of Alexander Pope.4. Blank Verse(无韵体，素体诗): unrhymed iambic pentameter.5. Epic(史诗): A long narrative poem on the adventures and great deeds of heroes.6. Frame story: a narrative that provides the framework within which a number of different stories, which may or may not be connected, can be told. (The Canterbury Tales isa collection of stories in a frame story)7. Romance: A tale in verse, embodying the life and adventures of knights. The content of Romance was usually about love, chivalry and religion.㈡Geoffrey Chaucer (about1340—1400) 杰弗里•乔叟“The Founder (Father) of English poetry‖A Londoner of bourgeois origin, the most important and influential poet in medieval England, established English as a courtly language. Geoffrey’s Chaucer’s works are often categorized in three chronological periods (the French period, the Italian period and the English period).Ⅰ.Chaucer’s Contributions①. He introduced from French the ―heroic couplet‖ to English poetry.②. He is the first important poet to write in the current English language.③. Chaucer did much in making the dialect of London the foundation for modern English language.Ⅱ.Geoffrey Chaucer’s famous work :The Canterbury Tales (1387—1400)《坎特伯雷集》an unfinished series of stories told by a group of pilgrims(about 29), who came from all layers of society(a knight, a prioress, a plowman, a merchant, a clerk, the wife from Bath, etc.), journeying from London to the shrine of St. Thomas Becket at Canterbury. ―The General Prologue‖ told us Chaucer intended that each pilgrim should tell two tales on the way to Canterbury and two tales on the way back. But Chaucer had actually completed only 23 stories.Scholars are uncertain about the order of the tales, and The Canterbury Tales has been passed down in several handwritten manuscripts.Ⅲ. Other works:1)The French period (to 1372): Book of Duchess (1369) 《公爵夫人之书》2)The Italian period (1372—1385): House of Fame (1379—1384) 《声誉之宫》The Parliament of Fowls (1377—1382) 《百鸟会议》The Legend of Good Women 《贤妇传说》Troilus and Criseyde (1382—1385) 《特洛伊罗斯与克丽西达》3)The English period (1387—1400): The Canterbury Tales (1387—1400) Chapter 2 Literature of English Renaissance（1485—1616）The Renaissance as a cultural movement embraced all Western Europe roughly from the 14th century to the 17th century. It first sprang in Florence of Italy and then spread to the rest of Europe (to Germany and Spain and England). ―Renaissance‖, French for ―rebirth‖, refers to the revival of interest in ancient Roman and Greek culture.During this period, the classical arts and learning were discovered again and widely studied , so the term Renaissance originally indicated a revival of classical (Roman and Greek) arts and learning after the dark ages of medieval obscurantism , it also marked the beginning of bourgeois revolution .In the Renaissance period, scholars and educators called themselves humanists and began to emphasize the capacities of the human mind and the achievements of human culture, in contrast to the medieval emphasis on God and contempt for the things of this world. So humanism became the keynote of the English Renaissance. And the greatest humanist is Thomas More, the author of Utopia. The representatives in literature are Shakespeare and Bacon. The former has the greatest contribution in drama an d sonnets while the latter’s essays are condensed and witty.代表人物：1) Thomas More（1478—1535）托马斯•莫尔Utopia 乌托邦2) Thomas Wyatt 托马斯•怀亚特He introduced sonnet into English literature引入十四行诗的第一人sonnet(十四行诗)：form of poetry intricately rhymed(间隔押韵) in 14 lines iambic pentameter3) Edmund Spenser（1522—1599）埃德蒙•斯宾塞“the poet’s poet”(诗人中的诗人) English poet whose long allegorical poem(寓言性浪漫史诗) The Faerie Queene 《仙后》is one of the greatest in the English language. It was written in what cameto be called the Spenserian stanza.Spenserian stanza：A nine-line stanza with the following rhyme scheme: ababbcbcc. The first eight lines are written in iambic pentameter. The last line is written in iambic hexameter4) Christopher Marlowe （1564—1593）克里斯托弗•马洛“the most gifted writer of the University Wits”“the forerunner of English drama”“The Father of English Tragedy” (one-man tragedy) The greatest pioneer of English drama who made blank verse the principal vehicle of expression in drama.blank verse(无韵体：不押韵的五步抑扬格) 是十六世纪英国戏剧的主要表现形式。
英国文学史--最全总结中英
盎格鲁撒克逊时代426—1066盎格鲁诺曼时代1066—1350Chaucder乔叟时代 1350—1485莎士比亚时代1564—1636清教徒时代 Puritan 1636—1660古典主义时代 1660—1744约翰逊时代 1744—1785浪漫主义时代1786—1832维多利亚时代 1832—1900现代第一章Anglo-Saxon （426—1066）旧约：上帝创世纪新约：耶稣古英语诗歌分为的世俗的1.Beowulf 史诗（三千行的长诗，关于英雄战绩的故事）2.文字来源于日耳曼系3.基督教的文学：瑞特文的故事Caedmon第二章Angol-Norman（1066—1350）中世纪英语：基督教义，自我拯救1.传奇文学---传奇的兴起Romances1）容：传奇好像现在的长篇，有诗，有散文唯一的描写古代的高贵的英雄所经历的冒险生活和恋爱故事。
2）产生：传奇文学完全是由中世纪的“骑士制度”(Chivalry)所产生的，骑士制度的精神产物就是传奇文学所以他们和平民丝毫没有关系，且平民也绝写不出这一类的文字。
3）分类：不列颠的事迹 the matter of Britain法国的事迹罗马的事迹第三章：乔叟的时代（1350—1458）背景：百年战争（The Hundred’s War）1.Geoffrey Chaucer：文艺复兴以前，英国文学界最伟大的人物。
The Canterbury Tales1）三个阶段：第一时期--早年—模仿法国简短的情歌和寓言第二时期—研究意大利文艺的时期第三时期—在文学上成功的时期，为他自己以国文写作的时期2）．近代诗人英文作家中，第一个以浪漫作风写男女日常生活的人3）.特点：反对迫害，反对禁欲，文艺复兴的报春者a他在英语上发明音调b他把英国中部的日常言语加以修改，以告成英文与英国文学。
c完美的音律，倾向于音乐化d 创设接近社会生活的作品；眼光思想都很广阔；音乐的眼光第四章：民间文学1．歌谣的来源：歌德Geothe说：民歌的价值，全在直接从“自然“中得到它的原动力。
英语专业英国文学总结
一、The Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066)1、这个时期的文学作品分类：pagan(异教徒) Christian(基督徒)2、头韵体代表作：The Song of Beowulf《贝奥武甫》( national epic 民族史诗) 采用了隐喻手法【Alliteration 押头韵（写作手法）和metaphor暗语understatement婉转表达】3、散文Bede比德Alfred二、The Anglo-Norman period (1066-1350)1、romance 传奇文学佚名诗人：代表作：Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (高文爵士和绿衣骑士) 是一首押头韵的长诗2、Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) 杰弗里.乔叟时期① the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父②heroic couplet 英雄双韵体：a verse unit consisting of two rhymed(押韵) lines in iambic pentameter(五步抑扬格)③代表作：the Canterbury Tales 坎特伯雷的故事(英国文学史的开端)3、Langland 朗格兰Piers the plowman《农夫彼尔斯》4、Malory 马罗礼Le Morte D'Arthur亚瑟王之死5、Popular Ballads大众民谣：a story hold in 4-line stanzas with second and fourth line rhymed 代表人物：Bishop Thomas Percy 托马斯.帕希主教代表作：Robin Hood and Allin-a-Dale 罗宾汉和阿林代尔三、The Renaissance (16世纪) 文艺复兴时期十四行诗sonnet和对白体无韵诗（主体）1、key work: humanism 人文主义：admire human beauty and human achievement2、代表人物：（第一阶段）1)、Thomas More 托马斯.莫尔Utopia 乌托邦Book two is more important2）、Wyatt 魏阿特1st man to introduce into England sonnet3)、Surrey 萨利1st man to reform sonnet/ to use blank verse/ to use sonnet series（二、伊莉沙白时代:)4)、Sidney 锡特尼（田园）阿斯特罗菲尔与斯黛拉Astrophel and StellaApology for poetry 诗辨（人文主义、文学批评）5）Spenser斯宾塞（田园）poet's poet① The Faerie Queene仙后(epic poem 史诗) The Shepherds Calendar牧人日历② Amoretti爱情小唱Epithalamion婚后曲Colin Clouts Come Home Againe柯林•克劳特回来了Foure Hymnes四首赞美歌6）、Lyly 李雷Euphues 尤菲倚斯7)、Marlowe马洛（戏剧）Doctor Faustus浮士德博士的悲剧（代表作）desire for knowledgeTamburlaine帖木耳大帝desire for powerThe Jew of Malta马耳他的犹太人desire for moneyblank verse(无韵体：不押韵的五步抑扬格) 是十六世纪英国戏剧的主要表现形式。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
英国文学总结：一：The Anglo-Saxon period（央格鲁萨克逊时期）(450----1066)1. First Anglo-Saxon poet: Caedom.2. Two highlights in the development of the Anglo-Saxon literature-----Northumbrian school and Wessex literature3. “Father of English History” is Venerable Bede. “英国历史之父”代表作：The Ecclesiastical History of the English People4. The king Alfred：代表作：The Anglo-Saxon ChronicleHe created a style of Anglo-Saxon prose which was not obscure.他创造了Anglo-Saxon散文体。
5. Anglo-Saxon poetry: Beowulf《贝奥武夫》( national and religion epic)A mixture of paganism(异教) and Christian elements.二：The Norman Period (1066---1350) =The Medieval Period1. Romance was a type of literature that was very popular in the Middle Ages.(1): the matter of France: the exploits of Charlemagne the great and Roland, Chanson de Roland(2): the matter of Rome: Alexander the great and the Great and the siege of troy.(3): the matter of British: the Arthurian legend: Sir Gawain, Launcelot, Merlin, the death of King Arthur. 三：The Age of Chaucer(乔叟时代) (1350----1440)1.John Wycliff：Father of English prose“英国散文之父”, translate the Bible into standard English.2.William Langland: Piers Plowman《农夫彼尔斯》Form: Allegory寓言3.Geoffrey Chaucer:The Father of English Poetry“英国诗歌之父”，首创“heroic couplets”英雄双韵体，首次用伦敦方言写作，被葬在：Westminster AbbeyWorks divided three periods:A: 1360—1372: French literature: The book of the DuchessB: 1372---1836: Italian literature: Troilus and Criseyde adapted from Boccaccio The DecameronC: the last fifteen year of his life: The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》四:The Fifteen Century (1400----1550)1.Ballds(歌谣) became an important feature in the 15th. The most popular is the Robin Hood Ballads.五：The English Renaissance (1550—1642)1.Edmund Spenser斯宾塞：The poet’s poet 诗人的诗人代表作：The Shepherds Calendar《牧羊人日记》The Faerie Queene《仙后》Amoretti《爱情小唱》2. Christopher Marlow马洛创造了无韵体/素体诗“blank verse”,代表作：Tumburlaine《帖木儿大帝》The Tragic History of Doctor Faustus《浮士德斯博士的悲剧》3. William Shakespeare莎士比亚代表作：two narrative poems: Venus and Adonis The rape of Lucrece四部悲剧：Othello Macbeth Hamlet King Lear四部喜剧：As you like it《皆大欢喜》Mid-summer Night’s Dream 《仲夏夜之梦》Twelfth Night 《第十二夜》The Merchant of Venice《威尼斯商人》六：The Seventeenth Century (1603---1688)1.Francis Bacon培根：father of science 科学之父First English essayist 第一位随笔作家The founder of English materialist philosophy唯物主义哲学开拓者代表作：Essay《随笔》----of studies《论学习》2.John Donne:The fonder of Metaphysical poets 玄学诗代表人物另一代表人物：George Herbert3.Ben Jonson 保皇派代表人物，另一代表人物是：Robert Herrick; 代表作: To the celia4.John Milton弥尔顿：清教徒诗人代表作：epic :Paradise Lost《失乐园》由blank verse 写成的，情节来自Old Statement《旧约全书》;Paradise regained 《复乐园》; drama: Samson Agonists 《力士参孙》The Defence of English people《为英国人民申辩》5.John Bunyan班扬：清教徒诗人代表作：The pilgrim’s progress《天路历程》---allegory（寓言）, 被誉为：具有永恒意义的百科全书6.John Dryden代表作：戏剧：All for love文学评论：An essay of Dramatic Poesy7.Andrew Marvell 代表作：To His Coy Mistress七：The Eighteenth Century(1688---1798)-----The Age of Reason/Enlightenment（理性、启蒙时期）1.Daniel Defoe“the pioneer novelist of England”英国现实主义小说开创人，代表作：Robinsoncrusoe《鲁比逊漂流记》; Captain Singleton 《辛格顿船长》; Moll Flanders 《莫尔·弗兰德斯》;Colonel Jacque《雅克上校》2.Jonanthan Swift斯威夫特：讽刺作家(Satirist)代表作：Gulliver’s Travels 《格列佛游记》The battle of books《书战》A Tale of a Tub《木桶的故事》小册子作品：The Drapper’s Letters《一个麻布商的书信》A Modest Proposal《一个温和的建议》3. Joseph Addison 代表作：The Talter; Richard Steele 代表作：The Spectator4. Alexander pope 18世纪被称为是Pop的时代，18世纪最伟大的诗人，其诗多用“heroic couplet”代表作：The rape of the Lock 《劫发记》Essay on Man 《人论》Essay on Criticism《批评论》heroic coupletThe Dunciad《愚人记》5. Samuel Jonson 代表作：A dictionary of the English Language《英语词语词典》6. Henry Fielding代表作：Joseph Andrew《约瑟夫·安德鲁》Tom Jones 《汤姆·琼斯》Amelia《艾米利亚》Jonathan Wild the Great《大诗人·江奈生·威尔德》7.Samuel Richardson 代表作：Pamela 书信体形式Epistolary novels8.Thomas Gray 新古典主义代表人物neo-classicism代表作：The Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard9.Robert Burns: Scottish poet(苏格兰诗人)代表作： A Red, Red Rose《一朵红红的玫瑰》My Hearts’ in the Highland《我的心在那高原上》10.William Blake代表作：Songs of Innocence《天真之歌》--- The lambSongs of Experience《经验之歌》The Marriage of Heaven and Heal《天堂和地狱的结合》Poetic Sketches《诗歌素描》William Blake and Robert Burns 是前浪漫主义代表诗人八：The Age of Romanticism(1798----1832)1.William Wordsworth湖畔诗人“the Lake Poet”另外两位诗人是：Robert Southey and SamuelTaylor Coleridge代表作：The prelude 《序曲》The Solitary reaper 《孤独的收割人》I wondered lonely as a Cloud《我好似一朵流云独自漫游》My heart leaps up when I behold《我心荡漾》2.Samuel Taylor Coleridge代表作：The Rime of the Ancient Mariner《古舟子吟》Kubla Khan《忽必烈传》3.George Gorden Byron拜伦代表作：Don Yuan《唐璜》Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage《恰尔德·哈咯德尔游记》---拜伦式英雄Cain 《该隐》诗歌：When we two parted《当我们俩分别时》She walks in beauty 《她在美中行》4.Percy Bysshe Shelly 雪莱代表作：Prometheus unbound《解放了的普罗米修斯》Queen Mab《麦布女王》Revolt of Islam《伊斯兰反叛》A Defence of poetry《诗辩》The Necessity of Atheism《无神论的必要性》Ode to the west wind《西风颂》To a Skylark《致云雀》Adonais 关于Keats的死亡5.John Keats 济慈代表作：Ode to the Nightingale《夜莺颂》Ode to autumn《秋颂》Ode to Melancholy《忧郁颂》Ode to psyche《心灵颂》When I have fears《当我害怕时》6.Walter Scott 历史小说之父“the father of history novels”代表作：WaverleyRob RoyIvanhoe7.Jane Austen简•奥斯丁代表作：Pride and Prejudice 《傲慢与偏见》Emma 《艾玛》Sense and Sensibility《理智与情感》Persuasion《劝导》浪漫主义时期的两位小说家：Jane Austen和Walter Scott九.The Victorian Age(1831---1901)1.Charles Dickens:critical realist writer批判现实主义小说家代表作：Oliver Twist《雾都孤儿》; Bleak house《荒凉山庄》; Hard Times 《艰难世事》; GreatExpectations《远大前程》; Dombey and Son 《董贝父子》; A Tale of Two Cities《双城记》; David Copperfield《大卫·科波菲尔》2.William Makepeace Thackeray代表作：Vanity fair 《名利场》源自John Bunyuan’s The Pilgrim’s Progress《天路历程》副标题是：A Novel Without Hero3.Lord Alfred Tennyson:维多利亚时代最重要诗人Laureate Poet桂冠诗人，被葬在Westminster Abbey代表作：In Memorian《悼念》Break, break ,break《冲击，冲击，冲击》Idylls of the King《国王叙事诗》4.Robert Browning 创造“Dramatic Monologue”戏剧独白代表作：My Last Duchess《我已故的公爵夫人》The Ring and the Book《指环与书》5．The Bronte Sisters: 19th的小说是Female（女性小说）Charlotte Bronte：Jane Eyre《简爱》Emily Bronte：Wuthering Heights《呼啸山庄》Anne Bronte：Agnes Grey6.Thomas Hardy哈代：自然主义小说家代表作：Tess of D’Urbervilles 《苔丝》Jude the Obscure《无名的裘德》Far From the Madding crowd《远离尘嚣》7.Oscar Wilde王尔德: “aesthetic movement”唯美运动代表人物. 主要理论是：为了艺术而艺术art for Arts’ sake代表作：喜剧：The Importance of Being Earnest《认真的重要性》An Ideal Husband《理想的丈夫》小说：The Picture of Dorian Gray《多利安·格雷的画像》8.George Bernard Shaw 批判现实主义作家critical realist Novelist代表作：Pygmalion《皮革马利翁》Window’s house《寡妇的房产》十：The twentieth Century------Modernism 现代主义1.T.S.Eliot 艾略特代表作：The waste Land《荒原》; Four Quartets《四个四重奏》;2.David Herbert Lawrence代表作：Sons and lovers《儿子和情人》; The Rainbow《虹》; Women In Love《恋爱中的女人》3.James Joyce乔伊斯：意识流主要表人物“stream of consciousness”代表作：Ulysses《尤里西斯》A Portrait of the Artist As A Young Man《一个青年艺术家的肖像》Dubliners《都柏林人》3.Virginia Woolf 伍尔芙：意识流另一代表人物To the lighthouse《到灯塔去》Jacob’s Room《雅各布的房间》The Waves《浪》Mrs. Dalloway《达罗卫夫人》4.William Bulter Yeats叶芝：爱尔兰诗人代表作：The Tower《塔》The Wind among the Reeds《苇间风》。