外研版高中英语选修六Module 1Small Talkintroduction,reading and voca学案1
最新外研版英语选修六Module1课文学习资料
外研版英语选修六课文Module 1Module 1 Small TalkIntroductionRead the dictionary definitions of small talk and answer the questions.1.Which definitions make small talk sound like a positive thing?2.Which definitions refer to places where small talk might take place?3.Why is it a problem if someone has no small talk?4.What do you think is the Chinese for "smalltalk"?small talk informal conversation about things that arenot importantMacmillan English Dictionary small talk light conversation that people make at social occasions about unimportant things: We stood around making small talk.Collins Cobuild English Language Dictionary small talk polite friendly conversation about unimportant subjectsLongman Dictionary of Contemporary Englishsmall talk conversation about ordinary or unimportant matters, usually at a social event: He has no small talk (i.e. he is not good at talking to people about ordinary or unimportant things).Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary Look at the conversation topics below and answer the questions.careers; cars; examinations; film stars; music; politics; sport; travel; weather; food1.If you talk about these topics, is theconversation serious or small talk?2.Which of the topics do you like talking aboutwith your friends?3.Which of them do you talk about with your parents?4.Which of them do you talk about with your teacher?5.Which of them do you never talk about?Vocabulary and ReadingComplete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box. damage; encourage; impress; prepare; recognise1.2.3.4.homework!5.Read the passage and decide what kind of book it is from. Choose from this list.The text is from ____.a book to help you prepare for a speaking examinationa business coursean English teaching booka book which tells you what to do at social eventsHow Good Are Your Social Skills?Have you ever crossed the road to avoid talking to someone you recognise? Would you love to go to a party and talk confidently to every guest? Do you want to make more friends but lack the confidence to talk to people you don't know? And are you nervous about the idea of being at a social event in another country? Don't worry—we can help you!You needn't worry about situations like these if you have good social skills. And they are easy to learn. People with good social skills communicate well and know how to have a conversation. It helps if you do a little advance planning.Here are a few ideas to help you.Learn how to do small talkSmall talk is very important and prepares you for more serious conversations. Be prepared! Have some low-risk conversation openers ready. For example: •think of a recent news story—not too serious, e.g. a story about a filmstar or sports star•think of things to tell people about your studies•think of"safe" things you can ask people's opinions about—music, sport, films, etc.•think of topics that you would avoid if you were talking to strangers—and avoid talking about them! That way, you don't damage yourconfidence!Develop your listening skillsListening is a skill which most people lack, but communication is a two-way process—it involves speaking AND listening. Always remember—you won'timpress people if you talk too much. Here are some ideas to make you a better listener:Do ...•show that you are listening by using encouraging noises and gestures—smiling, nodding, saying "uh-huh" and "OK", etc.•keep good eye contact•use positive body language•ask for more information to show your interestDon't ...•look at your watch•yawn•sigh•look away from the person who's talking to you•change the subject•finish other people's sentences for themAlways remember the words of Benjamin Disraeli, British Prime Minister in the nineteenth century: "Talk to a man about himself, and he will speak to you for hours!"Learn the rulesIf you go to a social occasion in another country, remember that social rules can be different. In some countries, for example, you have to arrive on time at a party; in other countries, you don't need to. In addition, you need to know how long you should stay, and when you have to leave. Some hosts expect flowers or a small gift, but in other places, you can take things, but you needn't if you don't want to. Remember also that in some countries, you mustn't take flowers of a certain colour, because they're unlucky. In most places, you don't have to take a gift to a party—but find out first!Answer the questions.1.According to the article, should people plan what they're going to say at parties?2.What do people think about those who talk too much?3.Describe two things you shouldn't do in a conversation.4.Why is it a good idea to nod and smile when the other person is talking?5.What does the quotation from Benjamin Disraeli tell you about people?Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box.sigh; yawn; nod; avoid; lack; smile1.personal questions.2.meet people from other countries.3.head in agreement.4.I think the man I spoke to was tired—5.answered me.6.shook my hand.Look at the phrases from the passage and answer the questions.1.If you can talk confidently, does this mean that you are worried about talking topeople?2.What kind of advance planning could you do before going to a party in a foreigncountry?3.Can you give an example of a low-risk conversation opener if you were talking toa friend of your parents', for example?4.What encouraging noises and gestures can you make when you're having aconversation in Chinese?5.What is an example of positive body language?6.Are social rules the same in every country?Discuss your answers to the questions.1.Which of the ideas in the reading passage do you think are useful in your society?2.Are there any conversation techniques that you think you will use in the future?3.Which of the listening skills are you good at?4.Which of the social skills do you need to improve?5.What are some of the usual small talk topics in China?FunctionRead the pairs of sentences and answer the questions.1. You must arrive on time at a party. You have to arrive on time at a party.2. You mustn't take yellow flowers for the host. You don't have to take yellow flowers for the host.3. You don't have to take a gift. You don't need to take a gift.1. Which of the following is true about the first pair of sentences?The first one is an obligation, the second one is a suggestion.They both indicate an obligation.They are only suggestions about what to do.2. Which of the following is true about the second pair of sentences?The first one indicates that something is against the law.They mean the same thing.The first one is an obligation, the second one indicates a lack of obligation.3. Which of the following is true about the third pair of sentences?The second one is an obligation, the first one isn't.They mean the same thing.The first one is an obligation, the second one isn't.Write three rules for a social event in your country. If you go to a social event in my country,1. you have to ____.2.you don't have to ____.3.you mustn't ____.4.Look at the two sentences and decide which explanation is correct.1. We all know each other. We don't need to worry about small talk. Thismeans ____.it isn't necessary to worry about itunfortunately we worry about it2. The party is informal. You needn't wear a tie. This means ____.we must not wear a tiewe can wear a tie if we chooseComplete the sentences with verbs to express obligation or lack of obligation.1.2.3.been given.4.5.you do.Reading and ListeningRead and match the conversations with the places. There is one extra place.at a summer school; during a job interview; in a business meeting; on a boatA: Wonderful, aren't they?B: Er ... I'm sorry?A: The cliffs.B: Oh, yes, they are.A: Been here before?B: Pardon?A: So ... you wrote in your application form that you're interested in mountains. B: Yes.A: Have you ever climbed a mountain?B: No.A: Have you ever read any books about mountain-climbing?B: No.A: When did you arrive?B: Yesterday.A: Nice journey?B: Very nice.A: Did the immigration people ask to see your visa?B: I didn't need to get a visa.A: Really? Why not?B: Because I was born here.A: Oh yes, of course!Answer the questions about the conversations.1.Do you think the conversations are between people who know eachother? Give reasons for your answers.2.Which of the conversations would you call small talk?3.What do you think about the answers in the interview?a.The answers show that the interviewee is interestedin the job.b.The answers are too short.c.The answers are impolite.Listen to the whole of the first conversation and answer the questions.1.Do the people both speak English as a first language?2.Why did the woman have problems understanding what the manwas saying?3.How did the man help her to understand him better?4.Listen and check. Choose the correct endings to the lines from theconversation.1. Sorry, I couldn't ____.hear what you saidunderstand what you said2. I didn't ____.like what you saidcatch what you said3. Could you ____?repeat what you saidexplain what you said4. You needn't have ____.spoken to mespoken so slowly5. I just needed a few seconds ____.to get used to your voiceto understand your voiceGrammarRead the sentence from the listening passage and answer the questions.You needn't have spoken so slowly.1. Who said this?the touristthe English person2. Why did she say it? Choose one of these possible reasons.The other person was speaking too quickly.The other person was speaking too slowly.The other person was speaking slowly and it wasn't necessary.Rewrite these sentences using needn't have done.1.It wasn't necessary for you to bring some flowers!You needn't have brought some flowers.2.Thank you for tidying the room—but it wasn't necessary.3.There was no need for you to buy the box of chocolates.4.Why did you go to school? It's Sunday!5.Thank you for bringing the book to show me, but I already have it.Read the sentence and decide which endings are possible.I didn't need to buy a gift for my host family ____.so I didn't get onebecause I already had oneso I bought oneso I took it back and got a refundComplete the sentences using didn't need to or needn't have done. Example: It was an informal party so I didn't need to wear (wear) a suit.1.We brought some food to the party but there was too much, so we2.speech for him.3.The office had already opened when we arrived so we4.I got to the party at 6 p.m. but there was no one there, so I5.I told the host all about my home town and then he told me he'dReading and WritingRead the email.Hi! How are you? I hope you and your family are well.I have a favour to ask. Next week, I'm going to a reception at the Chinese Embassy here in London and I'm really looking forward to it. I'm going to meet some senior high school students and their teachers. The only problem is that I'm not very good at small talk with people I don't know—I'm always worried about saying the wrong thing or making people feel bored.I need to know what I can talk about with the Chinese people that I meet. I wonder if you would be kind enough to answer these questions.Here in England, there are certain questions that you shouldn't really ask people that you don't know—"How old are you?" for example, and "How much do you earn?" Are there any questions that you shouldn't ask people in China?What sort of things do Chinese teenagers like talking about? Sport? Music? Films? And what sort of things do they find boring? Politics? The weather?Looking forward to your reply.AlexWrite a reply. Answer the main questions and offer other advice. Use some of the following sentences to start and finish your email.•Very nice to hear from you.•Thank you for your interesting email.•How are you? It's a long time since I heard from you.•I hope this information has been useful.•Best of luck at the Chinese Embassy.•Looking forward to hearing from you again soon.Reading and VocabularyYou're going to read a story about a saleswoman. Discuss what kind of small talk you need as a salesperson.The Wrong Kind of Small TalkEsther Greenbaum was a saleswoman for a firm of fax machines and business supplies. But she was also the most outspoken human being in the world—well, Westchester County, at least. Her motto was "Every time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it."Esther Greenbaum's major shortcoming was that she had a complete absence of small talk. No, that's not quite true. She had small talk, but it was the wrong kind. In fact, she had never learnt the basic rules of social communication, and as a consequence, she made systematic mistakes every time she opened her mouth. It was no coincidence either that she wasn't a very good saleswoman.One day during a meeting, Esther was introduced to an important customer, a mature woman."Nice to meet you," she said. "How old are you?" The customer looked awkward."Forty? Forty-five?" said Esther. "You look much older. And your friend ... she's older than you, but she looks much younger!"On another occasion, Esther teased a typist, "Hey! When's your baby due?"The typist went red and contradicted Esther. "Actually, I'm not pregnant," she said."Oh, sorry," said Esther without any apology. "Just putting on a little weight, huh?"Esther was never cautious about other people's feelings. One of her acquaintances, a salesman in the firm, was going through a very messy divorce and was very depressed. She tried to cheer him up."Forget her! She was a complete fool. No one liked her anyway."Much of the time, Esther said the first thing to come into her head. One day at work, a clerk came into the office with a new hairstyle."Nice haircut," said Esther. "How much did it cost?"The woman replied, "I'd rather not say."Esther replied, "Well, anyhow, either you paid too much or you paid too little."She met a very famous writer once. "Hey, what a coincidence!" she said. "You're writing a book and I'm reading one!"The trouble with Esther was she said what she thought, and didn't think about what she said. A young man was trying to be modest about his new job many miles away."I guess the company chose me so they'd get some peace in the office," he smiled."No, I guess they chose you to discourage you from spending your whole career with us," Esther replied sweetly.Once, Esther went to a brunch party to meet some old school friends on the anniversary of their graduation. She greeted the hostess."Do you remember that guy you were dating? What happened to him?" she asked. "You know, the ugly one."At that moment, a man came up and stood by her friend. "Esther, I'd like you to meet my husband," she said. "Charles, this is ..."Esther interrupted her, "Hey, so you married him!"Read the passage and answer the questions.1.What did Esther often do when she spoke to others?2.What do you think are "the basic rules of social communication"?3.Why did the customer look awkward when she was asked how oldshe was?4.How did the typist contradict Esther?5.What was wrong about Esther's advice to the salesman?6.What did Esther think of the clerk's haircut?7.Why did the young man think the company gave him a new jobmiles away?8.What did Esther think of her old school friend's husband?Read the passage and find:1.three things you can say when you make small talk2.two things you should not say3.one way of replying to questions which you don't wish to answer4.The style of this passage is meant to be humourous and exaggerated.Example:You look much older. And your friend, she's older than you, but she looks much younger!5.Look for more examples of humour and exaggeration in the passage.Look at the new words in the box.absence; acquaintance; anniversary; apology; awkward; brunch; cautious; clerk; customer; fax; firm; fool; haircut; hostess; human being; interrupt; mature; messy; motto; outspoken; pregnant; saleswoman; shortcoming; tease; typistFind words for:1.2.3.4.5.6.Note: Not all the words fit these categories.Answer the questions about the words in the box.absence; acquaintance; anniversary; apology; awkward; brunch; cautious; clerk; customer; fax; firm; fool; haircut; hostess; human being; interrupt; mature; messy; motto; outspoken; pregnant; saleswoman; shortcoming; tease; typist1.When is the next important anniversary in your life?2.Do people ever tease you?3.Can you think of a personal motto?4.When was the last apology you have given or received?5.What are you cautious about?6.Do you know anyone who is outspoken?Discuss the questions and give reasons for your answers.1.Is small talk important in your society?2.Is it as important as "real" conversation?3.Do you think small talk is more or less important in English than inyour language?Reading PracticeLook at the title of the passage and the words in the box. Choose five words and guess what the writer uses them to say.argument; compliment; conversation; curious; disagreement; dull; embarrassment; factual; genuine; hospitable; lively; relationship; sensitive; secretive; silence; spy; topic; violate; wealthMaking Friends in the USAIn the USA, conversation is less lively than in many other cultures, where everyone talks at the same time. When someone talks, everyone is expected to listen, no matter how dull the person's speaking may be.If you're not sure what to talk about, you can ask what people do. We're defined by our jobs and we're usually happy to talk about them, unless you're a spy!Some people say that Americans talk about their feelings more than Asians, but are more secretive about factual matters. You can safely ask questions about families, where you come from, leisure interests, as well as the latest movies. We're interested in people's ethnic background too. But it's best to avoid politics, religion and other sensitive topics.A highly personal conversation can take place after a very short period of knowing someone, but this doesn't mean that you're close friends, or the relationship is very deep. But a lot of people are very friendly and hospitable, andthe famous invitation "If you're ever in Minneapolis / San Diego / Poughkeepsie, do call by and see us!" is never made without a genuine desire to meet again.But while few Americans will worry about the questions you may ask, particularly if you clearly show you're aware of cultural differences, they may hesitate before they ask you similar questions. In fact, it's a sign that they don't wish to violate your private life. So, many Americans will talk about safe topics because they don't dare to be too curious or personal, but will happily talk about more private matters if you take the lead.Generally we dislike arguments, and we avoid topics which lead to disagreement. It's easy to return to discussing the weather: "Do you like the USA? How do you like the weather?" or making compliments: "What lovely flowers and what a beautiful vase!" "That's a fabulous dress you're wearing." You should accept compliments graciously and say "Thank you!"There are a couple of dangerous topics of conversation: age and money. Age is not treated as something very special, unless someone is very old: "Isn't she wonderful for her age!" and there are no special rules or signs of extra respect for elderly people. Anyway, Americans always want to look younger than they really are, so don't expect an accurate reply!Income is a very private matter, and you'd do well to avoid asking how much people earn, although some people may not only be open about it, but show off their wealth. We don't ask how much things cost, either.But what we don't like is silence, and almost anything is better than the embarrassment of a quiet party and silent guests.Read the advice on small talk. Is it true for you?1.You can ask about families, what people do and like, etc.2.It's OK to talk about religion and politics.3.You shouldn't talk about your feelings.4.Don't ask personal questions.5.Make sure you don't talk about the weather or give compliments.6.You can talk about people's age and their income.7.Choose the correct answers.1. When a dull person talks, you should ____.not ask personal questionsask questionschange the topic of conversationlisten2. It's always OK to talk to Americans about ____.age and moneytheir workreligion and politicstheir private life3. When Americans make an invitation to visit, ____.they genuinely want to see you againthey don't really mean itThey want to find out more about youyou should accept it4. The best way to talk about personal things is to ____.discuss the weathertalk about your own private life firsttalk about your jobask them how old they are5. It's best to avoid ____.spiespersonal questionssilencedull peopleComplete the sentences in your own words.1.Conversation is less lively in the USA because everyone ____.2.Americans are happy to talk about family and personal interests,but ____.3.If you show you're aware of cultural differences, ____.4.You shouldn't ask how old people are because ____.5.Although some people like to show off their wealth, ____. Cultural CornerRead the passage and answer the questions.1. How does the AAA model work?2. Is the AAA model a good idea while making small talk with someone you don't know in China? The AAAIt is estimated that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk. A very important function of small talk is to establish a relationship between people who don't know each other very well, or don't know each other at all.Psychologists say that the most successful formula for small talk between people like this is the AAA model. AAA = answer, add and ask. This is how it works.Imagine a situation where two strangers are talking to each other after someone they both know has left the room, or the café or party, etc. The first person asks a question: A: Do you live near here?The second person replies by answering the question, adding some extra information and then asking another question: B: (Answer) Yes, I do.(Add) In an apartment on Brown Street.(Ask) Do you live nearby too?The first person does the same, answer, add and ask:A: (Answer) No, I live in Bristol.(Add) I'm just visiting London.(Ask) Have you lived here long? B: (Answer) Not so long.(Add) I moved here three years ago.(Ask) What's the purpose of your visit to London?The speakers may have difficulty at first, but they soon realise that the important thing is that they are saying something. By continuing with the AAA model, the conversation continues. Because the thing they both want to avoid is an embarrassing silence.The conversation can continue in this way for a long time. However, something can happen that completely changes the atmosphere. B: Why do you live in Bristol?A: I'm studying there. History. Are you a student? B: Yes. And I know some people who are studying at Bristol. Do you know a girl called Helen Brown? A: Helen Brown!! Yes! She's one of my best friends! How do you know her? B: She's my cousin.At this point, the AAA model stops. Because they used this very useful social technique, they found something they have in common at last.。
(完整版)外研版英语选修六Module1课文
外研版英语选修六课文Module 1 Module 1 Small TalkIntroductionRead the dictionary definitions of small talk and answer the questions.1.Which definitions make small talk sound like a positive thing?2.Which definitions refer to places where small talk might take place?3.Why is it a problem if someone has no small talk?4.What do you think is the Chinese for "small talk"?small talk informal conversation about things that arenot importantMacmillan English Dictionary small talk light conversation that people make at social occasions about unimportant things: We stood around making small talk.Collins Cobuild English Language Dictionary small talk polite friendly conversation about unimportant subjectsLongman Dictionary of Contemporary English small talk conversation about ordinary or unimportant matters, usually at a social event: He has no small talk (i.e. he is not good at talking to people about ordinary or unimportant things).Oxford Advanced Learner's DictionaryLook at the conversation topics below and answer the questions.careers; cars; examinations; film stars; music; politics; sport; travel; weather; food1.If you talk about these topics, is theconversation serious or small talk?2.Which of the topics do you like talking aboutwith your friends?3.Which of them do you talk about with your parents?4.Which of them do you talk about with your teacher?5.Which of them do you never talk about?Vocabulary and ReadingComplete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box. damage; encourage; impress; prepare; recognise1.The singer was really good! She me a lot!2.He had an accident and his bicycle.3.Don't shout at the children. You should them to do better.4.Make sure you for your English examination. Do morehomework!5.Read the passage and decide what kind of book it is from. Choose from this list.The text is from ____.a book to help you prepare for a speaking examinationa business coursean English teaching booka book which tells you what to do at social eventsHow Good Are Your Social Skills?Have you ever crossed the road to avoid talking to someone you recognise? Would you love to go to a party and talk confidently to every guest? Do you want to make more friends but lack the confidence to talk to people you don't know? And are you nervous about the idea of being at a social event in another country? Don't worry—we can help you!You needn't worry about situations like these if you have good social skills. And they are easy to learn. People with good social skills communicate well and know how to have a conversation. It helps if you do a little advance planning.Here are a few ideas to help you.Learn how to do small talkSmall talk is very important and prepares you for more serious conversations. Be prepared! Have some low-risk conversation openers ready. For example:•think of a recent news story—not too serious, e.g. a story about a filmstar or sports star•think of things to tell people about your studies•think of"safe" things you can ask people's opinions about—music, sport, films, etc.•think of topics that you would avoid if you were talking to strangers—and avoid talking about them! That way, you don't damage yourconfidence!Develop your listening skillsListening is a skill which most people lack, but communication is a two-way process—it involves speaking AND listening. Always remember—you won't impress people if you talk too much. Here are some ideas to make you a better listener:Do ...•show that you are listening by using encouraging noises and gestures—smiling, nodding, saying "uh-huh" and "OK", etc.•keep good eye contact•use positive body language•ask for more information to show your interestDon't ...•look at your watch•yawn•sigh•look away from the person who's talking to you•change the subject•finish other people's sentences for themAlways remember the words of Benjamin Disraeli, British Prime Minister in the nineteenth century: "Talk to a man about himself, and he will speak to you for hours!"Learn the rulesIf you go to a social occasion in another country, remember that social rules can be different. In some countries, for example, you have to arrive on time at a party; in other countries, you don't need to. In addition, you need to know how long you should stay, and when you have to leave. Some hosts expect flowers or a small gift, but in other places, you can take things, but you needn't if you don't want to. Remember also that in some countries, you mustn't take flowers of a certain colour, because they're unlucky. In most places, you don't have to take a gift to a party—but find out first!Answer the questions.1.According to the article, should people plan what they're going to say at parties?2.What do people think about those who talk too much?3.Describe two things you shouldn't do in a conversation.4.Why is it a good idea to nod and smile when the other person is talking?5.What does the quotation from Benjamin Disraeli tell you about people?Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box.sigh; yawn; nod; avoid; lack; smile1.personal questions.2.meet people from other countries.3.head in agreement.4.I think the man I spoke to was tired—5.answered me.6.shook my hand.Look at the phrases from the passage and answer the questions.1.If you can talk confidently, does this mean that you are worried about talking topeople?2.What kind of advance planning could you do before going to a party in a foreigncountry?3.Can you give an example of a low-risk conversation opener if you were talking toa friend of your parents', for example?4.What encouraging noises and gestures can you make when you're having aconversation in Chinese?5.What is an example of positive body language?6.Are social rules the same in every country?Discuss your answers to the questions.1.Which of the ideas in the reading passage do you think are useful in your society?2.Are there any conversation techniques that you think you will use in the future?3.Which of the listening skills are you good at?4.Which of the social skills do you need to improve?5.What are some of the usual small talk topics in China?FunctionRead the pairs of sentences and answer the questions.1.You must arrive on time at a party.You have to arrive on time at a party.2.You mustn't take yellow flowers for the host.You don't have to take yellow flowers for the host.3.You don't have to take a gift.You don't need to take a gift.1. Which of the following is true about the first pair of sentences?The first one is an obligation, the second one is a suggestion.They both indicate an obligation.They are only suggestions about what to do.2. Which of the following is true about the second pair of sentences?The first one indicates that something is against the law.They mean the same thing.The first one is an obligation, the second one indicates a lack ofobligation.3. Which of the following is true about the third pair of sentences?The second one is an obligation, the first one isn't.They mean the same thing.The first one is an obligation, the second one isn't.Write three rules for a social event in your country.If you go to a social event in my country,1.you have to ____.2.you don't have to ____.3.you mustn't ____.4.Look at the two sentences and decide which explanation is correct.1. We all know each other. We don't need to worry about small talk. Thismeans ____.it isn't necessary to worry about itunfortunately we worry about it2. The party is informal. You needn't wear a tie. This means ____.we must not wear a tiewe can wear a tie if we chooseComplete the sentences with verbs to express obligation or lack of obligation.1.2.3.been given.4.5.you do.Reading and ListeningRead and match the conversations with the places. There is one extra place.at a summer school; during a job interview; in a business meeting; on a boatA: Wonderful, aren't they?B: Er ... I'm sorry?A: The cliffs.B: Oh, yes, they are.A: Been here before?B: Pardon?A: So ... you wrote in your application form that you're interested in mountains. B: Yes.A: Have you ever climbed a mountain?B: No.A: Have you ever read any books about mountain-climbing?B: No.A: When did you arrive?B: Yesterday.A: Nice journey?B: Very nice.A: Did the immigration people ask to see your visa?B: I didn't need to get a visa.A: Really? Why not?B: Because I was born here.A: Oh yes, of course!Answer the questions about the conversations.1.Do you think the conversations are between people who know eachother? Give reasons for your answers.2.Which of the conversations would you call small talk?3.What do you think about the answers in the interview?a.The answers show that the interviewee is interestedin the job.b.The answers are too short.c.The answers are impolite.Listen to the whole of the first conversation and answer the questions.1.Do the people both speak English as a first language?2.Why did the woman have problems understanding what the manwas saying?3.How did the man help her to understand him better?4.Listen and check. Choose the correct endings to the lines from theconversation.1. Sorry, I couldn't ____.hear what you saidunderstand what you said2. I didn't ____.like what you saidcatch what you said3. Could you ____?repeat what you saidexplain what you said4. You needn't have ____.spoken to mespoken so slowly5. I just needed a few seconds ____.to get used to your voiceto understand your voiceGrammarRead the sentence from the listening passage and answer the questions.You needn't have spoken so slowly.1. Who said this?the touristthe English person2. Why did she say it? Choose one of these possible reasons.The other person was speaking too quickly.The other person was speaking too slowly.The other person was speaking slowly and it wasn't necessary.Rewrite these sentences using needn't have done.1.It wasn't necessary for you to bring some flowers!You needn't have brought some flowers.2.Thank you for tidying the room—but it wasn't necessary.3.There was no need for you to buy the box of chocolates.4.Why did you go to school? It's Sunday!5.Thank you for bringing the book to show me, but I already have it.Read the sentence and decide which endings are possible.I didn't need to buy a gift for my host family ____.so I didn't get onebecause I already had oneso I bought oneso I took it back and got a refundComplete the sentences using didn't need to or needn't have done. Example: It was an informal party so I didn't need to wear (wear) a suit.1.We brought some food to the party but there was too much, so we2.speech for him.3.(wait) outside in the street.4.I got to the party at 6 p.m. but there was no one there, so I5.I told the host all about my home town and then he told me he'dReading and WritingRead the email.Hi! How are you? I hope you and your family are well.I have a favour to ask. Next week, I'm going to a reception at the Chinese Embassy here in London and I'm really looking forward to it. I'm going to meet some senior high school students and their teachers. The only problem is that I'm not very good at small talk with people I don't know—I'm always worried about saying the wrong thing or making people feel bored.I need to know what I can talk about with the Chinese people that I meet. I wonder if you would be kind enough to answer these questions.Here in England, there are certain questions that you shouldn't really ask people that you don't know—"How old are you?" for example, and "How much do you earn?" Are there any questions that you shouldn't ask people in China?What sort of things do Chinese teenagers like talking about? Sport? Music? Films? And what sort of things do they find boring? Politics? The weather?Looking forward to your reply.AlexWrite a reply. Answer the main questions and offer other advice. Use some of the following sentences to start and finish your email.•Very nice to hear from you.•Thank you for your interesting email.•How are you? It's a long time since I heard from you.•I hope this information has been useful.•Best of luck at the Chinese Embassy.•Looking forward to hearing from you again soon.Reading and VocabularyYou're going to read a story about a saleswoman. Discuss what kind of small talk you need as a salesperson.The Wrong Kind of Small TalkEsther Greenbaum was a saleswoman for a firm of fax machines and business supplies. But she was also the most outspoken human being in the world—well, Westchester County, at least. Her motto was "Every time I open my mouth, I put my foot in it."Esther Greenbaum's major shortcoming was that she had a complete absence of small talk. No, that's not quite true. She had small talk, but it was the wrong kind. In fact, she had never learnt the basic rules of social communication, and as a consequence, she made systematic mistakes every time she opened her mouth. It was no coincidence either that she wasn't a very good saleswoman.One day during a meeting, Esther was introduced to an important customer, a mature woman."Nice to meet you," she said. "How old are you?" The customer looked awkward."Forty? Forty-five?" said Esther. "You look much older. And your friend ... she's older than you, but she looks much younger!"On another occasion, Esther teased a typist, "Hey! When's your baby due?"The typist went red and contradicted Esther. "Actually, I'm not pregnant," she said."Oh, sorry," said Esther without any apology. "Just putting on a little weight, huh?"Esther was never cautious about other people's feelings. One of her acquaintances, a salesman in the firm, was going through a very messy divorce and was very depressed. She tried to cheer him up."Forget her! She was a complete fool. No one liked her anyway."Much of the time, Esther said the first thing to come into her head. One day at work, a clerk came into the office with a new hairstyle."Nice haircut," said Esther. "How much did it cost?"The woman replied, "I'd rather not say."Esther replied, "Well, anyhow, either you paid too much or you paid too little."She met a very famous writer once. "Hey, what a coincidence!" she said. "You're writing a book and I'm reading one!"The trouble with Esther was she said what she thought, and didn't think about what she said. A young man was trying to be modest about his new job many miles away."I guess the company chose me so they'd get some peace in the office," he smiled."No, I guess they chose you to discourage you from spending your whole career with us," Esther replied sweetly.Once, Esther went to a brunch party to meet some old school friends on the anniversary of their graduation. She greeted the hostess."Do you remember that guy you were dating? What happened to him?" she asked. "You know, the ugly one."At that moment, a man came up and stood by her friend. "Esther, I'd like you to meet my husband," she said. "Charles, this is ..."Esther interrupted her, "Hey, so you married him!"Read the passage and answer the questions.1.What did Esther often do when she spoke to others?2.What do you think are "the basic rules of social communication"?3.Why did the customer look awkward when she was asked how oldshe was?4.How did the typist contradict Esther?5.What was wrong about Esther's advice to the salesman?6.What did Esther think of the clerk's haircut?7.Why did the young man think the company gave him a new jobmiles away?8.What did Esther think of her old school friend's husband?Read the passage and find:1.three things you can say when you make small talk2.two things you should not say3.one way of replying to questions which you don't wish to answer4.The style of this passage is meant to be humourous and exaggerated.Example:You look much older. And your friend, she's older than you, but she looks much younger!5.Look for more examples of humour and exaggeration in the passage.Look at the new words in the box.absence; acquaintance; anniversary; apology; awkward; brunch; cautious; clerk; customer; fax; firm; fool; haircut; hostess; human being; interrupt; mature; messy; motto; outspoken; pregnant; saleswoman; shortcoming; tease; typistFind words for:1.2.3.4.5.6.Note: Not all the words fit these categories.Answer the questions about the words in the box.absence; acquaintance; anniversary; apology; awkward; brunch; cautious; clerk; customer; fax; firm; fool; haircut; hostess; human being; interrupt; mature; messy; motto; outspoken; pregnant; saleswoman; shortcoming; tease; typist1.When is the next important anniversary in your life?2.Do people ever tease you?3.Can you think of a personal motto?4.When was the last apology you have given or received?5.What are you cautious about?6.Do you know anyone who is outspoken?Discuss the questions and give reasons for your answers.1.Is small talk important in your society?2.Is it as important as "real" conversation?3.Do you think small talk is more or less important in English than inyour language?Reading PracticeLook at the title of the passage and the words in the box. Choose five words and guess what the writer uses them to say.argument; compliment; conversation; curious; disagreement; dull; embarrassment; factual; genuine; hospitable; lively; relationship; sensitive; secretive; silence; spy; topic; violate; wealthMaking Friends in the USAIn the USA, conversation is less lively than in many other cultures, where everyone talks at the same time. When someone talks, everyone is expected to listen, no matter how dull the person's speaking may be.If you're not sure what to talk about, you can ask what people do. We're defined by our jobs and we're usually happy to talk about them, unless you're a spy!Some people say that Americans talk about their feelings more than Asians, but are more secretive about factual matters. You can safely ask questions about families, where you come from, leisure interests, as well as the latest movies. We're interested in people's ethnic background too. But it's best to avoid politics, religion and other sensitive topics.A highly personal conversation can take place after a very short period of knowing someone, but this doesn't mean that you're close friends, or the relationship is very deep. But a lot of people are very friendly and hospitable, and the famous invitation "If you're ever in Minneapolis / San Diego / Poughkeepsie, do call by and see us!" is never made without a genuine desire to meet again.But while few Americans will worry about the questions you may ask, particularly if you clearly show you're aware of cultural differences, they may hesitate before they ask you similar questions. In fact, it's a sign that they don't wish to violate your private life. So, many Americans will talk about safe topics because they don't dare to be too curious or personal, but will happily talk about more private matters if you take the lead.Generally we dislike arguments, and we avoid topics which lead to disagreement. It's easy to return to discussing the weather: "Do you like the USA? How do you like the weather?" or making compliments: "What lovely flowers and what a beautiful vase!" "That's a fabulous dress you're wearing." You should accept compliments graciously and say "Thank you!"There are a couple of dangerous topics of conversation: age and money. Age is not treated as something very special, unless someone is very old: "Isn't she wonderful for her age!" and there are no special rules or signs of extra respect for elderly people. Anyway, Americans always want to look younger than they really are, so don't expect an accurate reply!Income is a very private matter, and you'd do well to avoid asking how much people earn, although some people may not only be open about it, but show off their wealth. We don't ask how much things cost, either.But what we don't like is silence, and almost anything is better than the embarrassment of a quiet party and silent guests.Read the advice on small talk. Is it true for you?1.You can ask about families, what people do and like, etc.2.It's OK to talk about religion and politics.3.You shouldn't talk about your feelings.4.Don't ask personal questions.5.Make sure you don't talk about the weather or give compliments.6.You can talk about people's age and their income.7.Choose the correct answers.1. When a dull person talks, you should ____.not ask personal questionsask questionschange the topic of conversationlisten2. It's always OK to talk to Americans about ____.age and moneytheir workreligion and politicstheir private life3. When Americans make an invitation to visit, ____.they genuinely want to see you againthey don't really mean itThey want to find out more about youyou should accept it4. The best way to talk about personal things is to ____.discuss the weathertalk about your own private life firsttalk about your jobask them how old they are5. It's best to avoid ____.spiespersonal questionssilencedull peopleComplete the sentences in your own words.1.Conversation is less lively in the USA because everyone ____.2.Americans are happy to talk about family and personal interests,but ____.3.If you show you're aware of cultural differences, ____.4.You shouldn't ask how old people are because ____.5.Although some people like to show off their wealth, ____. Cultural CornerRead the passage and answer the questions.1.How does the AAA model work?2.Is the AAA model a good idea while making small talk withsomeone you don't know in China?The AAAIt is estimated that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk. A very important function of small talk is to establish a relationship between people who don't know each other very well, or don't know each other at all.Psychologists say that the most successful formula for small talk between people like this is the AAA model. AAA = answer, add and ask. This is how it works.Imagine a situation where two strangers are talking to each other after someone they both know has left the room, or the café or party, etc. The first person asks a question: A: Do you live near here?The second person replies by answering the question, adding some extra information and then asking another question: B: (Answer) Yes, I do. (Add) In an apartment on Brown Street.(Ask) Do you live nearby too?The first person does the same, answer, add and ask: A: (Answer) No, I live in Bristol.(Add) I'm just visiting London.(Ask) Have you lived here long? B: (Answer) Not so long.(Add) I moved here three years ago.(Ask) What's the purpose of your visit to London?The speakers may have difficulty at first, but they soon realise that the important thing is that they are saying something. By continuing with the AAAmodel, the conversation continues. Because the thing they both want to avoid is an embarrassing silence.The conversation can continue in this way for a long time. However, something can happen that completely changes the atmosphere. B: Why do you live in Bristol? A: I'm studying there. History. Are you a student? B: Yes. And I know some people who are studying at Bristol. Do you know a girl called Helen Brown? A: Helen Brown!! Yes! She's one of my best friends! How do you know her? B: She's my cousin.At this point, the AAA model stops. Because they used this very useful social technique, they found something they have in common at last.。
Small--Talk(外研社选修6第一单元)(共81张)
one’s
in
mouth犯使某人难堪
的错误→
to one’s feet站起来→be rushed
rise
off one’s
非常忙碌；忙得脚不沾地
feet
第6页，共81页。
Ⅲ.典型句式(jù shì)运用
1.Talk to a man about himself, and he will speak to you for hours!
第10页，共81页。
5.It is estimated that 80% of all conversation in English is small talk.
据估计，80%的英语对话是聊天。 句型It is+及物动词的-ed形式+that-
考点提炼 clause
据报道，Obama总统将于下周访问(fǎngwèn)中国。 句子仿造 It is reported that President Obama will visit China next week.
D.to have been surveyed;lack
解析 surveyed last month作后置定语(dìngyǔ)修饰名词
investors;be lacking in...在……方面缺乏。
第15页，共81页。
2.advance adj.预先的；事先的;n.&v.前进；进
展；预付 It helps if you do a little advance planning.
要是事先作些准备，将会对你有所帮助(bāngzhù)。
（回归课本P2）
第16页，共81页。
观察思考 Let the world know more about China,let China
外研版高中英语选修6《Module_1_Small_Talk》阅读课件
Careful reading: Page 9 ,Task 3
Find the folhree things you can say when you make small talk Nice to meet you. /Nice haircut./ I’d like you to meet my husband. 2 two things you should not say How old are you?/How much did your haircut cost? 3 one way of replying to questions which you don’t wish to answer I’d rather not say.
And don’t make people feel awkward. Be aware of topics we should avoid when we do small talk.
What is the writing style of the passage? A. analysis and argument B. humour and exaggeration C. contrast and comparison D. stating and reasoning
Module 1 Book 6 Small Talk
Questions while reading:
Find out the examples of systematic mistakes Esther made
Find out examples of systematic mistakes Esther made
Group work
Group presentation for a small talk at a particular social event or occasion.
外研选修6 Module 1 Small Talk 知识讲解
Module 1 Small TalkPeriod 1 Introduction & Reading andVocabulary『整合·储单词』Word 1 informal【整合用法】informal adj. 非正式的；(衣服) 休闲的For lunch, dress is informal. 吃午餐可以穿着休闲装。
【拓展延伸】表示否定的前缀impossible不可能的；impolite没有礼貌的；incorrect不正确的；inability无能，无力；inaccurate不准确的；irregular不稳定的；irresistible不可抵抗的；unfinished未完成的；undoubted无疑的；unemployment 失业；non-existence不存在；misunderstand误解；misjudge误判；mislead误导；misfortune不幸；disappear消失；disconnect失去联系Word 2 confidently【整合用法】confidently adv.自信地；确信地She walked confidently across the hall. 她自信地走过大厅。
We are confident next year’s profits will be higher. 我们确信明年的利润会增加。
The company is confident of success. 这家公司对成功很有把握。
【拓展延伸】confident adj. 自信的；确信的confidence n. 信心have confidence 有自信be full of confidence 充满自信lose one’s confidence 失去信心give sb confidence 给某人信心gain confidence增加自信build up sb’s confidence 建立某人的自信心boost/increase sb’s confidence 增强某人的自信心shake sb’s confidence削弱、动摇某人的信心destroy sb’s confidence 摧毁某人的自信sb’s confidence grows/increases 某人的信心增强Word 3 lack【整合用法】lack v. & n. 没有；不足；缺乏Too many teachers are treated with a lack of respect. 有太多老师得不到尊重。
外研选修6 Module 1 Small Talk introduction课件
Place it happens Informal place party Kara OK trip playground café cinema park bus stop restaurant …
Can you think of some topics of small talk?
Boys cars sport games girls … girls shopping makeup junk food boys … boys& girls music films stars travel weather pets
What are they doing now?
Module 1
(P1) Q4. Whaபைடு நூலகம் do you think is the Chinese for “small talk”?
Small talk means “闲谈，聊天，唠嗑” in Chinese.
P1① Please read the dictionary definitions of small talk and answer the questions.
Which topics do you like talking about with your friends/ parents/ teacher?
food
exam
informal conversation about things that are not important
麦克米兰英英词典
light conversation that people make at social occasions about unimportant things
柯林斯英语学习词典
外研版高中英语选修六Module 1Small Talkintroduction,reading and vocab教案7
Module 1 Small Talk第二部分：教学资源Section 3: Words and Expressions from Module 1 Small Talkinformaladj. 1 relaxed and friendly; not following strict rules of how to behave or do sth: an informal atmosphere an informal arrangement / meeting / visit Discussions are held on an informal basis within the department. The aim of the trip was to make informal contact with potential customers.2 (of clothes) suitable for wearing at home or when relaxing rather than for a special or an official occasion 3(of language) suitable for normal conversation and writing to friends rather than for serious speech and letters: an informal expressionseriousadj.BAD1 bad or dangerous: a serious illness / problem / offence to cause serious injury / damage They pose a serious threat to security. The consequences could be serious.NEEDING THOUGHT2 needing to be thought about carefully; not only for pleasure: a serious article a serious newspaper It’s time to give serious consideration to this matter.IMPORTANT3 that must be treated as important: We need to get down to the serious business of working out costs. The team is a serious contender for the title this year.NOT SILL Y4 thinking about things in a careful and sensible way; not silly: Be serious for a moment; thi s is important. I’m afraid I’m not a very serious person.NOT JOKING5 ~ (about sb/sth)| ~ (about doing sth) sincere about sth;not joking or meant as a joke: Believe me, I’m deadly (= extremely) serious. Don’t laugh, it’s a serious suggestion. Is she s erious about wanting to sell the house? He’s really serious about Penny and wants to get engaged. She doesn’t have a serious boyfriend. (informal) You can’t be serious! (= you must be joking) You think I did it? Be serious! (= what you suggest is ridic ulous) LARGE AMOUNT6 (informal) used to emphasize that there is a large amount of sth: You can earn serious money doing that. I’m ready to do some serious eating (= I am very hungry).confidentadj.1feeling sure about your own ability to do things and be successful:She was in a relaxed, confident mood. Beneath his confident and charming exterior, lurked a mass of insecurities. The teacher wants the children to feel confident about asking questions when they don’t understand 2 ~ of sth| ~ that ... feeling certain that sth will happen in the way that you want or expect:I’m confident that you will get the job. The team feels confident of winning. She was quietly confident that everything would go as planned.confidently adv.:Carla smiled confidently at the cameras.lacknoun[U, sing.]~ (of sth) the state of not having sth or not having enough of sth dearth, shortage: a lack of food / money / skills The trip was cancelled through lack of (= because there was not enough) interest. There was no lack of volunteers. She showed a distinct lack of enthusiasm for the idea of becoming a mother.verb[vn] [no passive] to have none or not enough of sth: Some houses still lack basic amenities such as bathrooms. He lacks confidence. She has the determination that her brother lacks.lack (for) nothing (formal) to have everything that you need: As the only child of wealthy parents, he lacked for nothing.advancenounFORWARD MOVEMENT1[C] the forward movement of a group of people, especially armed forces: We feared that an advance on the capital would soon follow. enemy advancesDEVELOPMENT2 [C, U] ~ (in sth) progress or a development in a particular activity or area of understanding: recent advances in medical science We live in an age of rapid technological advance. major advances in the field of physics MONEY3[C, usually sing.] money paid for work before it has been done or money paid earlier than expected: They offered an advance of £5 000 after the signing of the contract. She asked for an advance on her salary. The bank will give you an advance of 95% of the purchase price.SEXUAL4 advances [pl.] attempts to start a sexual relationship with sb: He had made advances to one of his students. She rejected his sexual advances.PRICE INCREASE5 [C] ~ (on sth) (business) an increase in the price or value of sth: Share prices showed significant advances.in advance (of sth)1 before the time that is expected; before sth happens: a week / month / year in advance The rent is due one month in a dvance. It’s cheaper if you book the tickets in advance. People were evacuated from the coastal regions in advance of the hurricane.2 more developed than sb/sth else: Galileo’s ideas were well in advance of the age in which he lived.verbMOVE FORW ARD1 [v] ~ (on / towards sb/sth) to move forward towards sb/sth, often in order to attack or threaten them or it: The mob advanced on us, shouting angrily. The troops were finally given the order to advance. They had advanced 20 miles by nightfall. the advancing Allied troops She closed the door firmly and advanced towards the desk. DEVELOP2if knowledge, technology, etc. advances, it develops and improves: [v] Our knowledge of the disease has advanced considerably over recent years. [vn] This research has done much to advance our understanding of language learning.HELP TO SUCCEED3[vn] to help sth to succeed further: Studying for new qualifications is one way of advancing your career. They worked together to advance the cause of democracy.MONEY4 ~ sth (to sb)| ~ (sb) sth to give sb money before the time it would usually be paid: [vn, vnn] We are willing to advance the money to you. We will advance you the money.SUGGEST5[vn] (formal) to suggest an idea, a theory, or a plan for other people to discuss put forward: The article advances a new theory to explain changes in the climate.MAKE EARLIER6 [vn] (formal) to change the time or date of an event so that it takes place earlier bring forward: The date of the trial has been advanced by one week.MOVE FORW ARD7 (formal) to move forward to a later part of sth; to move sth forward to a later part: [v] Users advance through the program by answering a series of questions. [vn] This button advances the tape to the beginning of the next track.INCREASE8[v] (business) (of prices, costs, etc.) to increase in price or amount: Oil shares advanced amid economic recovery hopes.adj. [only before noun]1done or given before sth is going to happen: Please give us advance warning of any changes. We need advance notice of the numbers involved. No advance booking is necessary on most departures. 2 ~ party / team a group of people who go somewhere first, before the main group: The advance party for a winter ascent of Mount Everest has arrived in Nepal.nodverb (-dd-)1if you nod, nod your head or your head nods, you move your head up and down to show agreement, understanding, etc.: [v] I asked him if he would help me and he nodded. ‘Ready?’ She nodded at me and we set off. Her head nodded in agreement. [vn] He nodded his head sympathetically. She nodded approval. 2 ~ (sth) (at / to sb) to move your head down and up once to say hello to sb or to give them a sign to do sth: [v] The president nodded to the crowd as he passed in the motorcade. She nodded at him to begin speaking [vn] to nod a greeting 3 [v + adv. / prep.] to move your head in the direction of sb/sth to show that you are talking about them/it: I asked where Steve was and she nodded in the direction of the kitchen. She nodded towards his suitcase. ‘Going somewhere?’ she asked.4[v] to let your head fall forward when you are sleeping in a chair: He sat nodding in front of the fire.yawnverb [v]1 to open your mouth wide and breathe in deeply through it, usually because you are tired or bored: He stood up, stretched and yawned. We couldn’t help yawning during the speech.2 (of a large hole or an empty space) to be very wide and often frightening and difficult to get across: A crevasse yawned at their feet. (figurative) There’s a yawning gap between rich and poor.noun1 an act of yawning: She stifled another yawn and tried hard to look interested.2 [usually sing.] (informal) a boring event, idea, etc.: The meeting was one big yawn from start to finish.sighverb1 [v] ~ (with sth) to take and then let out a long deep breath that can be heard, to show that you are disappointed, sad, tired, etc.: He sighed deeply at the thought. She sighed with relief that it was all over.2 [v speech] to saysth with a sigh: ‘Oh well, better luck next time,’ she sighed.3 [v] (literary) (especially of the wind) to make a long sound like a sigh: the sighing of the wind through the trees branches sighing in the windnoun an act or the sound of sighing: to give / heave / let out a sigh a deep sigh ‘I’ll wait,’ he said with a sigh. We all breathed a sigh of relief when it was over.opportunitynoun[C, U] (pl. -ies) ~ (to do sth)| ~ (for sth / for doing sth)| ~ (of doing sth) a time when a particular situation makes it possible to do or achieve sth chance: You’ll have the opportunity to ask any questions at the end. There was no opportunity for further discussion. At least give him the opportunity of explaining what happened. There’ll be plenty of opportunity for relaxing once the work is done. Our company promotes equal opportunities for women (= women are given the same jobs, pay, etc. as men). an equal opportunities employer career / employment / job opportunities This is the perfect opportunity to make a new start. The offer was too good an opportunity to miss. I’d like to take this opportunity to thank my colleagues for their support. He is rude to me at every opportunity (= whenever possible). They intend to close the school at the earliest opportunity (= as soon as possible). a window of opportunity (= a period of time when the circumstances are right for doing sth obligationnoun1[U] the state of being forced to do sth because it is your duty, or because of a law, etc.: You are under no obligation to buy anything. She did not feel under any obligation to tell him the truth. I don’t want people coming to see me out of a sense of obligation. We will send you an estimate for the work without obligation (= you do not have to accept it). 2 [C] something which you must do because you have promised, because of a law, etc. commitment: to fulfil your legal / professional / financial obligations They reminded him of his contractual obligations. We have a moral obligation to protect the environment.prizenoun1 an award that is given to a person who wins a competition, race, etc. or who does very good work: She was awarded the Nobel Peace prize. He won first prize in the woodwind section. There are no prizes for guessing (= it is very easy to guess) who she was with. I won £500 in prize money. Win a car in our grand prize draw!2 something very important or valuable that is difficult to achieve or obtain: World peace is the greatest prize of all.adj. [only before noun]1 (especially of an animal, a flower or a vegetable) good enough to win a prize in a competition: prize cattle2 being a very good example of its kind: a prize student He’s a prize specimen of the human race! (informal) She’s a prize idiot (= very silly).verb [vn][usually passive] ~ sth (for sth) to value sth highly treasure: an era when honesty was prized above all other virtues Oil of cedarwood is highly prized for its use in perfumery.applicationnounFOR JOB / COURSE1 [C, U] ~ (to sb) (for sth / to do sth) a formal (often written) request for sth, such as a job, permission to do sth ora place at a college or university: a planning / passport application His application to the court for bail has been refused. an application for membership / a loan / a licence an application form (= a piece of paper on which to apply for sth) Further information is available on application to the principal.PRACTICAL USE2[U, C] ~ (of sth) (to sth) the practical use of sth, especially a theory, discovery, etc.: the application of new technology to teaching The invention would have wide application / a wide range of applications in industry. OF PAINT / CREAM3[C, U] an act of putting or spreading sth, such as paint or medical creams, onto sth else: lotion for external application only (= to be put on the skin, not swallowed) It took three applications of paint to cover the graffiti. OF RULE / LAW4 [U] the act of making a rule, etc. operate or become effective: strict application of the lawCOMPUTING5 [C] (abbr. app) a program designed to do a particular job; a piece of software: a database applicationHARD WORK6 [U] (formal) determination to work hard at sth; great effort: Success as a writer demands great application. formnounTYPE1 [C] a type or variety of sth: forms of transport / government / energy one of the most common forms of cancer all the millions of different life forms on the planet todayWAY STH IS / LOOKS2[C, U] the particular way sth is, seems, looks or is presented: The disease can take several different forms. Help in the form of money will be very welcome. Help arrived in the form of two police officers. The training programme takes the form of a series of workshops. Most political questions involve morality in some form or other. We need to come to some form of agreement. I’m opposed to censorship in any shape or form. This dictionary is also available in electronic form.DOCUMENT3[C] an official document containing questions and spaces for answers: an application / entry / order form (especially BrE) to fill in a form (especially NAmE) to fill out a form I filled in / out a form on their website. to complete a form (BrE) a booking form (NAmE) a reservation formSHAPE4 [C] the shape of sb/sth; a person or thing of which only the shape can be seen: her slender form The human form has changed little over the last 30 000 years. They made out a shadowy form in front of them. ARRANGEMENT OF PARTS5 [U] the arrangement of parts in a whole, especially in a work of art or piece of writing: Shape and form are of greater importance to me than colour. In a novel form and content are equally important.BEING FIT / HEALTHY6 [U] (BrE) how fit and healthy sb is; the state of being fit and healthy: After six months' training the whole team is in superb form. I really need to get back in form. The horse was clearly out of form.PERFORMANCE7[U] how well sb/sth is performing; the fact that sb/sth is performing well: Midfielder Elliott has shown disappointing form recently. On current / present form the party is heading for another election victory. She signalled her return to form with a convincing victory. He’s right on form (= performing well) as a crazy science teacher in his latest movie. The whole team was on good form and deserved the win. She was in great form (= happy and cheerful and full of energy) at the wedding party.WAY OF DOING THINGS8[U, C] (especially BrE) the usual way of doing sth: What’s the form when you apply for a research grant?conventional social forms True to form (= as he usually does) he arrived an hour late. Partners of employees are invited as a matter of form.9 [U] good / bad ~ (old-fashioned, BrE) the way of doing things that is socially acceptable/not socially acceptable: When I was a boy it was always considered bad form to talk about food or money. Good form dictated that she should dress more casually in the country.OF WORD10[C] a way of writing or saying a word that shows, for example, if it is plural or in a particular tense: the infinitive form of the verbIN SCHOOL11 (BrE, old-fashioned) a class in a school: Who’s your form teacher?12 -former (in compounds) (BrE, old-fashioned) a student in the form mentioned at school: a third-formertake form (formal) to gradually form into a particular shape; to gradually develop: In her body a new life was taking formverbSTART TO EXIST1 (especially of natural things) to begin to exist and gradually develop into a particular shape; to make sth begin to exist in a particular shape: [v] Flowers appeared, but fruits failed to form. Storm clouds are forming on the horizon. [vn] These hills were formed by glaciation.2to start to exist and develop; to make sth start to exist and develop: [v] A plan formed in my head. [vn] I formed many close friendships at college. I didn’t see enoug h of the play to form an opinion about it.MAKE SHAPE / FORM3 [vn] [often passive] ~ sth (into sth)| ~ sth (from / of sth) to produce sth in a particular way or make it have a particular shape: Form the dough into balls with your hands. Bend the wire so that it forms a ‘V’. Rearrange the letters to form a new word. Games can help children learn to form letters. Do you know how to form the past tense? The chain is formed from 136 links. (formal) The table was formed of two large slabs of stone.4 ~ (sb/sth) (up) (into sth) to move or arrange objects or people so that they are in a group with a particular shape; to become arranged in a group like this: [vn] to form a line / queue / circle First get students to form groups of four. [v] Queues were already forming outside the theatre. The teams formed up into lines.HA VE FUNCTION / ROLE5 [vn] to have a particular function or pattern: The trees form a natural protection from the sun’s rays.6 linking verb [v-n] to be sth: The castle forms the focal point of the city. The survey formed part of a larger programme of research. These drawings will form the basis of the exhibition.ORGANIZATION7 to start a group of people, such as an organization, a committee, etc.; to come together in a group of this kind: [vn] They hope to form the new government. He formed a band with some friends from school. a newly-formed political party [v] The band formed in 2003.HA VE INFLUENCE ON8[vn] to have an influence on the way that sth develops: Positive and negative experiences form a child’s character.immigrationnoun1 the process of coming to live permanently in a country that is not your own; the number of people who do this: laws restricting immigration into the US a rise / fall in immigration immigrationofficers 2 (also immi gration control) the place at aport, an airport, etc. where the passports and other documents of people coming into a country are checked: to go through immigrationvisanouna stamp or mark put in your passport by officials of a foreign country that gives you permission to enter, passthrough or leave their country: to apply for a visa an entry / tourist / transit / exit visaimpoliteadj. not polite rude: Some people think it is impolite to ask someone’s age.tidyadj. (tidier, tidiest)1 (especially BrE) arranged neatly and with everything in order: a tidy desk She keeps her flat very tidy. I like everything to be neat and tidy.2 (especially BrE) keeping things neat and in order: I’m a tidy person. tidy habits3 [only before noun] (informal) a tidy amount of money is fairly large considerable: It must have cost a tidy sum. a tidy profittidily adv.: The room was very tidily arranged.tidiness noun [U]verb (tidies, tidying, tidied, tidied) ~ (sth) (up) (especially BrE) to make sth look neat by putting things in the place where they belong: [v] I spent all morning cleaning and tidying. When you cook, could you please tidy up after yourself. [vn] to tidy (up) a roomtidy sth away (BrE) to put things in the place where they belong, especially where they cannot be seen, so that a room appears tidy: Can you tidy away your clothes, please?tidy sth up to arrange or deal with sth so that it is well or correctly finished: I tidied up the report before handing it in.noun (pl. -ies) (BrE) (especially in compounds) a container for putting small objects in, in order to keep a place tidy: a desk tidyrefundnouna sum of money that is paid back to you, especially because you paid too much or because you returned goods to ashop/store: a tax refund to claim / demand / receive a refund If there is a delay of 12 hours or more, you willreceive a full refund of the price of your trip.verb~ sth (to sb)| ~ sb sth to give sb their money back, especially because they have paid too much or because they are not satisfied with sth they bought: [vn] Tickets cannot be exchanged or money refunded. [vn, vnn] We will refund your money to you in full if youfavournounHELP1 [C] a thing that you do to help sb: Could you do me a favour and pick up Sam from school today? Can I ask a favour? I would never ask for any favours from her. I’m going as a favour to Ann, not because I want to. I’ll ask Steve to take it. He owes me a favour. Thanks for helping me out. I’ll return the favour (= help you because you have helped me) some time. Do yourself a favour (= help yourself) and wear a helmet on the bike. APPROV AL2 [U] approval or support for sb/sth: The suggestion to close the road has found favour with (= been supported by) local people. The programme has lost favour with viewers recently. an athlete who fell from favour after a drugs scandal (formal) The governme nt looks with favour upon (= approves of) the report’s recommendations. She’s not in favour with (= supported or liked by) the media just now. It seems Tim is back in favour with the boss (= the boss likes him again).BETTER TREATMENT3 [U] treatment that is generous to one person or group in a way that seems unfair to others bias: As an examiner, she showed no favour to any candidate.PARTY GIFT4 favors [pl.] (NAmE) = party favorsSEX5 favours [pl.] (old-fashioned) agreement to have sex with sb: demands for sexual favoursdo sb no favours to do sth that is not helpful to sb or that gives a bad impression of them: You’re not doing yourself any favours, working for nothing. The orchestra did Beethoven no favours.do me a favour! (informal) used in reply to a question that you think is silly: ‘Do you think they’ll win?’ ‘Do me a favour! They haven’t got a single decent player.’in favour (of sb/sth)1 if you are in favour of sb/sth, you support and agree with them/it: He argued in favour of a strike. There were 247 votes in favour (of the motion) and 152 against. I’m all in favour of (= completely support) equal pay for equal work. Most of the ‘don’t knows’in the opinion polls came down in favour of (= eventually chose to support) the Democrats.2 in exchange for another thing (because the other thing is better or you want it more): He abandoned teaching in favour of a career as a musician.in sb’s favour1if sth is in sb’s favour, it gives them an advantage or helps them: The exchange rate is in our favour at the moment. She was willing to bend the rules in Mary’s favour.2a decision or judgement that is in sb’s favour benefits that person or says that they were right: The court decided in Ms Smith’s favour and she received compensation for unfair dismissalreceptionnoun1 [U] (especially BrE) the area inside the entrance of a hotel, an office building, etc. where guests or visitors go first when they arrive: the reception area We arranged to meet in reception at 6.30. You can leave a message with reception. (NAmE, BrE) the reception desk2 [C] a formal social occasion to welcome sb or celebrate sth:a wedding reception A champagne reception was held at the Swallow Hotel. They hosted a reception for 75 guests. 3 [sing.] the type of welcome that is given to sb/sth: Her latest album has met with a mixed reception from fans. Delegates gave him a warm reception as he called for more spending on education. 4 [U] the quality of radio and television signals that are broadcast: good / bad reception There was very poor reception on my phone.5 [U] the act of receiving or welcoming sb: the reception of refugees from the war zoneembassynoun (pl. -ies)1 a group of officials led by an ambassador who represent their government in a foreign country: embassy officials to inform the embassy of the situation2 the building in which an embassy works:a demonstration outside the Russian Embassycertainadj.1 ~ (that ... )| ~ (to do sth)| ~ (of sth / of doing sth) that you can rely on to happen or to be true: It is certain that they will agree / They are certain to agree. She looks certain to win an Oscar. The climbers face certain death if the rescue today is unsuccessful. If you want to be certain of getting a ticket, book now.2 ~ (that ... )| ~ (of / about sth) firmly believing sth; having no doubts: She wasn’t certain (that) he had seen her. Are you absolutely certain about this? I’m not certain who was there. To my certain knowledge he was somewhere else at the time (= I am sure about it).3 used to mention a particular thing, person or group without giving any more details about it or them: For certain personal reasons I shall not be able to attend. Certain people might disagree with this. They refused to release their hostages unless certain conditions were met.4(formal) used with a person’s name to show that the speaker does not know the person: It was a certain Dr Davis who performed the operation. 5 slight; noticeable, but difficult to describe: That’s true, to a certain extent. I felt there was a certain coldness in her manner.replyverb (replies, replying, replied, replied) ~ (to sb/sth) (with sth)1 to say or write sth as an answer to sb/sth: [v] to reply to a question / an advertisement He never replied to any of my let ters. She only replied with a smile. [v speech] ‘I won’t let you down,’ he replied confidently. [v that] The senator replied that he was not in a position to comment.2 [v] ~ (to sth) (with sth) to do sth as a reaction to sth that sb has said or done: Italy took an early lead but Brazil replied with two goals in the last five minutes. The terrorists replied to the government’s statement with more violence.noun[C, U] an act of replying to sth/sb in speech, writing or by some action: We had over 100 replies to our advertisement. I asked her what her name was but she made no reply. (formal) I am writing in reply to your letter of 16 March. (BrE) a reply-paid envelope (= on which you do not have to put a stamp because it has already been paid for) (BrE) Morocco scored four goals without reply to win the game.functionnoun1 [C, U] a special activity or purpose of a person or thing: to fulfil / perform a function bodily functions (= for example eating, sex, using the toilet) The function of the heart is to pump blood through the body. This design aims for harmony of form and function.2 [C] a social event or official ceremony: The hall provided a venue for weddings and other functions. There are numerous functions in aid of charity.3 [C] (mathematics) a quantity whose value depends on the varying values of others. In the statement 2x=y, y is a function of x:(figurative) Salary is a function of age and experience.verb[often +adv. / prep.] to work in the correct way operate: Despite the power cuts, the hospital continued to function normally. We now have a functioning shower. Many children can’t function effectively in large classes.function as sb/sthto perform the action or the job of the thing or person mentioned: The sofa also functions as a bed. I need money to be able to function as an artist.successfuladj.1 ~ (in sth / in doing sth)| ~ (at sth / at doing sth) achieving your aims or what was intended: They were successful in winning the contract. I wasn’t very successful at keeping the news secret. We congratulated them on the successful completion of the project.2 having become popular and/or made a lot of money: The play was very successful on Broadway. a successful actor The company has had another successful year.successfully adv.: This arrangement has operated successfully for the past six years.formulanoun (pl. formulas or, especially in scientific use, formulae /li/)1 [C] (mathematics) a series of letters, numbers or symbols that represent a rule or law: This formula is used to calculate the area of a circle.2 [C] (chemistry) letters and symbols that show the parts of a chemical compound, etc.: CO is the formula for carbon monoxide.3 [C] ~ (for sth / for doing sth) a particular method of doing or achieving sth: They’re trying to work out a peace formula acceptable to both sides in the dispute. There’s no magic formula for a perfect marriage. All the patients were interviewed according to a standard formula.4 [C] a list of the things that sth is made from, giving the amount of each substance to use: the secret formula for the blending of the whisky5 Formula One, Two, Three etc. [U] a class of racing car, based on engine size, etc.: Formula One racing6 [C] a fixed form of words used in a particular situation: l egal formulae The minister keeps coming out with the same tired formulas.imagineverb1 to form a picture in your mind of what sth might be like: [vn] The house was just as she had imagined it. I can’t imagine life without the children now. [v (that)] Close your eyes and imagine (that) you are in a forest. [v wh-] Can you imagine what it must be like to lose your job after 20 years? [v -ing] She imagined walking into the office and handing in her resignation. Imagine earning that much money! [vn -ing] I can just imagine him saying that! [vn to inf] I had imagined her to be older than that. [v] (informal) ‘He was furious.’‘I can imagine.’ [also vn-adj, vn-n] 2to believe sth that is not true: [v (that)] He’s always imagining (that) we’re talking about him behind his back. [vn] There’s nobody there. You’re imagining things.3to think that sth is probably true suppose, assume: [v (that)] I don’t imagine (that) they’ll refuse. [v] ‘Can we still buy tickets for the concert?’ ‘I imagine so.’ [also vn that]purposenoun1 [C] the intention, aim or function of sth; the thing that sth is supposed to achieve: Our campaign’s main purpose is to raise money. The purpose of the book is to provide a complete guide to the university. A meeting was called for the purpose of appointing a new treasurer. The experiments serve no useful purpose (= are not useful). The building is used for religious purposes.2 purposes [pl.] what is needed in a particular situation: These gifts count as income for tax purposes. For the purposes of this study, the three groups have been combined.3 [C, U] meaning that is important and valuable to you: Volunteer work gives her life (a sense of) purpose.4 [U] the ability to plan sth and work successfully to achieve it determination: He has enormous confidence and strength of。
高中英语外研版：选修六 module 1 small talk 含答案
Module 1 Small Talk一、刷黑板——词汇全听写(先过识记默写关)Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．acquaintance n．熟人2．anniversary n. 周年纪念日3．awkward adj. 尴尬的4．brunch n. 早午餐(早餐与午餐合并吃的一餐) 5．circumstance n. 情形，情况6．coincidence n. 巧合[第二屏听写]7．contradict v．反驳8．define v. 解释，给……下定义9．divorce n. 离婚，离异10．embassy n. 使馆11．genuine adj. 纯粹的，真正的，真实的12．haircut n. 发型，发式[第三屏听写]13．immigration n．移民14．mature adj. 成熟的15．messy adj. 棘手的，难办的16．obligation n. 责任；义务17．pregnant adj. 怀孕的18．reception n. 欢迎会；招待会[第四屏听写]19．saleswoman n．女推销员，女销售员20．sigh v. 叹气，叹息21．systematic adj. 非偶然的，经常的22．tease v. 戏弄，嘲弄，揶揄23．violate v. 骚扰，妨碍，侵犯24．visa n. 签证25．yawn v. 打呵欠Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)[第五屏听写]1．absence n．缺乏，不存在2．advance adj. 预先的，在前的3．anyhow adv. 不管怎么说，无论如何4．apologise v. 道歉5．apology n. 道歉，致歉6．application n. 申请7．function n. 功能[第六屏听写]8．cautious adj. 谨慎的，慎重的，小心的9．certain pron. 某些10．clerk n. 职员，办事员11．confidently adv. 自信地12．customer n. 顾客，客户13．favour n. 恩惠，照顾14．fax n. 传真(机)[第七屏听写]15．firm n．公司16．fool n. 傻瓜，笨蛋17．form n. 表格18．hostess n. 女主人19．imagine v. 想象20．impolite adj. 不礼貌的21．informal adj. 非正式的[第八屏听写]22．interrupt v．打断23．lack v. 缺乏，缺少。
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探索尚未知道的东西Book 6 Module 1 Small Talk 学案I．教学目标：1.理解课文。
2.掌握课文中的重要的单词，短语和句型/句式。
3.通过学习英语文化中的交际方式，了解不同国家的文化背景，提高跨文化理解能力。
II．课前自主热身1．Fast reading,read the passage and decide what kind of book it is from.Choose from the list.A. an English teaching bookB. a busyness courseC.a book which tells you what to do at social eventsD.a book to help you prepare for a speaking examination2.Read the text again and judge whether each of the following statements is TRUE or FALSE.⑴.According to the article,it is easy to begin a small talk if you have good social skills.()⑵.The quotation from Benjamin Disraeli tells us that if you talk to a man about yourself,he will have a lot to talk with you.⑶.It is good manners to take flowers in all countyies.( )⑷.You needn’t think of topics that you would avoid talking about when you are talking to strangers.⑸.It is good idea to use positive body language when you are talking with others. ( )3.Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answers.①. To show you are a good listener,which of the following you mustn’t do?___________e encouraging noises and gestures—smiling,nodding,saying”uh-huh’and “OK“，etc.B.Talk as much as possible.C.Ask for some information to show you are interested in the topic.D.Keep looking at the other person’s eyes.②.According to the passage,which skill do most people lack during communication_________A.listeningB. speakingC.body languageD.eye contact③.If you want to impress people, you’d better not do the following things EXCEPT______.e encouraging noises and gestures,and occasionally ask for more information to showyour interestB.look at your watch frequentlyC.talk too much about yourselfD.change the subject or finish other people’s sentences for them.④.It can be inferred from the text that _______A.if you talk to a man about his private things,he will like talking to you.B.If you talk to a man about the topic that he is interested in,he will have a lot to talk withyouC.The man likes talking to you for hours if you talk to him about the topics you areinterested inD.People are always interested in what they do not know⑤Which of the following can be drawn from the text?___A.It is important for you to remember different social rules if you go to a social occasion inanother country.B.Listening is a skill which is as important as speaking.C.Learning some good social skills and having a good preparation for the topics can helpyou have a good conversation at any social events.D.When you are talking to a man, you’d better talk as much as possibleIII．知识网络构建1.如果你提前做好计划会对你有所帮助。
译为______________________________________advance Adj.先行的，先头的，预先做好的He led an advance party() in that battle.n.前进，推进，进步His advance was slow.v.前进，推进，促进，进展The work isn’t advancing.比较：advanced adj.高深的，发达的，先进的短语：in advance 预先，提前in advance of 比…进步，在….之前eg. Doing planning in advance is very important for the success.2. prepare vi.作好准备Vt.把……准备好，使……有准备，其后可跟多种形式。
即：prepare sth.准备……（准备的具体内容）prepare for…为……做好准备prepare sb for sth使……为……做好准备prepare to do sth 准备做……prepare sb to do sth使......为……做好准备prepare against sth预防……prepare sb against sth使……预防……eg. 1.Have you prepared your lessons?.译:___________________________________3.His parents have prepared him for the future.4. He is preparing to teach in China.5.We must prepare our people against natural disaster this summer.译：________________________________探索尚未知道的东西区别：be prepared”打算，做好准备”，强调状态，其后常跟for sth或to do sthEg. 1.We are well prepared for the final exam.2.I’m not prepared to listen to your excuses.拓展：prepare的名词是preparation 常用短语：不同的文化，就有不同的思维。
不同的思维差异，就会产生习俗上的禁忌。
比如：英国人生病时，不能送红白相间的鲜花。
因为英国人认为：给一个病人送这样的花不但不吉利，而且还会招来厄运。
特别是白色的百合花和白色的山楂花，这两种颜色被看作是厄运的预兆和死亡的象征。
一个留学英国的中国女生，在国内就很喜欢红白这两种颜色，一次，她临时打工的餐厅老板病了，她去探望时，送了自己最喜爱的红白相间的花，等老板病好了，她也被炒了鱿鱼。
make preparation to do sth/for sth 和in preparation for sth 如：The advertising campaign is still in preparation。
广告宣传攻势仍在准备中。
3.另外，你需要知道该呆多久。
译_____________________________________析:in addition副词短语，意为”加之，另外“，可换用besides,what’smore,而in addition to则为介词短语，意为”加之，除…….之”外,相当于besides,as well as.Eg.1.In addition (to the names on the list) there are six other applicants（申请者）.2.It’s too late to go out;__________（另外）,it is raining.拓展：addition意为”附加物，增加物”They’ve just had an addition to the family.他们家刚刚又添了一口人。
additional adj.附加的，另外的His additional charges are very unreasonable.他要的额外的费用很不合理。
4.有的主人希望能得到一些鲜花或礼品。
译：__________________________________________________expect意“预料，预计，期待，盼望”，用法如下:expect sth/to do sth/sb to do sth/ 从句注意①expect后跟表示否定意义的从句时，要否定________的谓语动词即expect。