2017北京海淀区高三年级一模语文试卷及答案

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2017年北京海淀区高三模拟和期末试题

2017年北京海淀区高三模拟和期末试题

2017年北京海淀区高三模拟和期末试题2017海淀一模A Commitment to LifeThe snow was falling and the roads had become dangerous. The schools were dismissedearly, but much to my surprise, my 36 wasn’t canceled. So I went, feeling especiallyheroic. As far as I could see, I was risking my life to keep my 37 . Snow or no snow, Iwould be on time for my scheduled donation at the local 38 center.When I got there, I discovered I wasn’t 39 . Four more “hero-types” were alreadylying back in donor chairs with lines 40 to their veins, and machines quietly pumpingaway to 41 their lifesaving gifts.Seeing my fellow donors honoring their own commitments, I realized why I was there. I lay back in my donor chair, ready to make a difference in the life of someone I would never 42 .To be honest, I’d never really thought about why I donate. I just do it. But a few months ago, during one of my 43 donations I learned that my blood was specifically for a cancer patient and for a newborn baby—b oth patients needed what I would give in order to live. I’ve viewed my visits to the blood center 44 ever since.My wife Karen is a 45 , too. And more importantly, she has been on the bone marrow (骨髓) list for fifteen years, ever since she signed up to provide bone marrow to a kindergartner with leukemia(白血病). That little girl died before Karen’s bone marrow could help her, 46 Karen was called again recently. Her test results were still on file, and it turned out she was a potential 47 for someone else. The caller asked Karen if she would still be willing to become a bone marrow donor. “Yes,” she said and then immediately began answering questions on the pages of paperwork for further testing. It was a race48 time.I wish I could say that this 49 was won. It wasn’t. The caller later thanked Karen for her participation and asked a few more questions—including whethe r or not she’d 50 on the donor list. “Of course, “Karen answered.Last week Karen gave blood and next week I’ll make my usual donation. I’ll 51 an afternoon from my schedule and make an appointment. I don’t know whose life my donation may 52 . Most likely it will be a 53 , but on any day the person needing a blood product could be you or me or maybe a loved one. It is worthwhile to 54 our time to donate.I really do feel 55 every time I donate. And I like the feeling.36. A. appointment B. class C. meeting D. flight37. A. secret B. balance C. shape D. word38. A. service B. shopping C. blood D. care39. A. alone B. welcome C. late D. lucky40. A. exposed B. attached C. applied D. added41. A. examine B. produce C. collect D. clean42. A. meet B. forget C. miss D. recognize43. A. regular B. unexpected C. special D. pleasant44. A. wisely B. differently C. hesitantly D. carefully45. A. receiver B. doctor C. patient D. donor46. A. or B. but C. and D. for47. A. risk B. customer C. match D. partner48. A. beyond B. with C. against D. of49. A. honor B. test C. prize D. race50. A. rank B. sign C. appear D. remain51. A. clear B. separate C. lose D. remove52. A. touch B. affect C. create D. enrich53. A. child B. stranger C. hero D. friend54. A. waste B. save C. kill D. take55. A. empty B. grateful C. proud D. Nervous【答案】36-40 ADCAB 41-45 CAABD46-50 BCCDD 51-55 ABBDC 2017海淀二模The Sweetest ThingWhen I was ten, I was crazy about candy. Whenever in our small-town __36__ with my mom, I would run my fingers through my favorite candy on the shelf.Once there, thinking about all things sweet, I noticed a man a few feet away pushing buttons on the ATM machine. Dressed in a suit, he seemed to be late for something, __37__ waiting for his cash to appear. The machine made a noise, and he immediately __38__ a pile of bills and headed out. Curiously, I walked over to the ATM, where I started pressing the buttons as if knowing the __39__. Then I looked into the bottom of the machine. There I saw it: a beautiful, crisp $20 bill! __40__ I wanted to believe my magic made the cash appear, I knew the man in the suit must have left it behind.I held the money in my hand, staring at the number “20” and feeling __41__ than I ever had. I thought about slipping the money into my pocket. No one would know, but it didn’t feel __42__. I knew it didn’t belong to me. I had to find its owner and give it back! So I told my mom what had happened. “We’ll look for him.” she said kindly. We rushed out and found him stepping into his car in the parking lot! We __43__ him and asked whether he had left money at the cash machine.“Let me __44__,” he said, pulling out his wallet and bills. “Twenty, forty, eighty…Oh! You’re right,” he said with surprise, “I’m __45__ a $20 bill.”“Here you go,” I said, smiling with pride, as if I was a(n) __46__ who had solved a mystery. “Thank you so much,” he said, bending down and shaking my hand. My heart __47__. Before saying goodbye, he asked my mom for my name and __48__. “I want to send your daughter a thank-you card,” he said.On my way home, my __49__ was racing. Twenty dollars. What could I have done with it? I bet I could have bought a puppy or every single candy bar in town! But now __50__ of that would happen. Yet I knew I had done the right thing.A few weeks later, I got a box with a note. I ripped it open to find packages of candy.“Dear Felice, Thank you very much for __51__ my $20. You are a great girl, and I appreciate your __52__.I hope you enjoy this candy. Best Wishes, Tom.”Tom included his business card. It turned out he was vice-president for the candy company. The candy tasted sweet, each __53__ reminding me that what I had done mattered. Although my honesty wouldn’t always be __54__ with candy, it would make a difference to someone. And that was the __55__ part of all.36. A. school B. church C. store D. bank37. A. angrily B. excitedly C. hopefully D. anxiously38. A. covered B. seized C. handed D. posted39. A. machine B. assistant C. man D. password40. A. Though B. Since C. Once D. Until41. A. smarter B. stronger C. prettier D. richer42. A. right B. good C. fair D. easy43. A. caught B. approached C. guided D. searched44. A. try B. think C. check D. guess45. A. sparing B. seeking C. missing D. changing46. A. engineer B. detective C. manager D. designer47. A. hurt B. sank C. swelled D. jumped48. A. address B. age C. habit D. birthday49. A. car B. memory C. time D. mind50. A. both B. none C. some D. either51. A. returning B. remembering C. keeping D. lending52. A. loyalty B. devotion C. honesty D. bravery53. A. dollar B. bite C. product D. choice54. A. marked B. replaced C. shared D. rewarded55. A. sweetest B. hardest C. freshest D. heaviest【答案】36-40: CDBDA 41-45: DABCC46-50: BCADB 51-55: ACBDA2017海淀期末I was the fool at school, regarded as a special needs student. I was termed as such. Obviously, because I was not interested in school and did not care for my __36__.Over time, I started to believe in my stupidity. I __37__ the fact that I was in special needs classes and poured it out as anger and depression. But one activity __38__ this view of myself: chess.I started to play chess with my father after school simply because I wanted to __39__ him at something. My father was a __40__ man, fond of physics, writing, religion, …, almost every __41__. He was called a walking dictionary. So, winning in chess against my father would be a __42__ that I had intellectual power. On the small chessboard, I had a chance to __43__ my so-called inability.Game after game, I wanted to beat my father even more. I started to study chess books and play againsta chess computer to __44__ my skills. One weekend, I finally checkmated(将杀) my father on a ferry ride, which made me feel __45__ .Two years later, I became the second board on my school chess team, with our top board being the best high school player in the state. But before the tournament season, our top player __46__ to come. There came my chance to play as top board against the best players in other states.I was determined to show who I had become: a(n) __47__ person able to win with calculation, logic and will. My most __48__ game came in the final round. Our team was facing a high school which only excellent students attended. It was __49__ a match between a special needs student and a smart soul. My opponent(对手) was playing well and kept __50__ while I kept defending to keep my king safe. He spent long trying to break down my defenses, but could not find the final push. I __51__ with more defensive moves, trying to make it as difficult for him as possible. With little__52__ left, he started to make rapid moves. __53__ he could make the final decision, he ran out of time. Honestly, as his clock flag fell, I jumped up out of my seat and kissed the floor out of excitement. Of course it was not the most sportsmen-like __54__, but I could not control my emotions.While holding my winner’s cup, I knew I was not __55__. The inferiority complex(自卑感) had melted away, and I realized that underneath our thoughts, each person is a genius.36. A. habits B. grades C. plans D. benefits37. A. noticed B. explained C. accepted D. ignored38. A. changed B. supported C. questioned D. showed39. A. please B. comfort C. beat D. disturb40. A. smart B. strict C. quiet D. strong41. A. method B. topic C. event D. field42. A. dream B. lesson C. theory D. sign43. A. prove B. expose C. overcome D. promote44. A. teach B. sharpen C. choose D. invent45. A. overjoyed B. disappointed C. puzzled D. interested46. A. promised B. managed C. happened D. failed47. A. brave B. lucky C. active D. intelligent48. A. terrible B. memorable C. dangerous D. popular49. A. normally B. possibly C. actually D. partly50. A. attacking B. smiling C. pausing D. escaping51. A. returned B. quit C. won D. exchanged52. A. patience B. time C. energy D. wisdom53. A. Once B. Until C. Before D. Unless54. A. spirit B. thought C. comment D. behavior55. A. proud B. stupid C. bright D. lazy【答案】36. BCACA 41-45DDCBA46. DDBCA 51-55ABCDB2017海淀期中Back to SchoolI had always longed to get a degree, but raising a family had come first. Now with my last __36__ in middle school, I thought, why not try to __37__ something while I still had the opportunity. When I told my husband Bob my idea, a broad smile lit up his face. “If that’s what you __38__, we’ll make it work.”When we asked the kids for advice, they had mixed __39__. Our daughter, already in college, thought it a great idea while John, in high school, was __40__ that we might be in college at the same time. James, our youngest, wanted to know who would take him to football practice. I __41__ that things would be a little different, __42__ if everyone contributed, it wouldn’t be difficult.The next day we drove to the community college and after a careful research, I chose to __43__ in occupational therapy(康复理疗).Days passed in excitement, enrolling(register)in classes, shopping for __44__ and attending orientation(入学指导). I felt like a kid again, but as the first day of classes drew near, I became __45__. I was simply too old. People would laugh at me. Finally, with encouragement from my family and friends, I stuck with my __46__.As I entered my classroom that first morning, I chose a seat in the back, hoping to __47__ attention. For the rest of that day, I did what I saw the other students do, and gradually, my self-consciousness (embarrassment deriving from the feeling that others are critically aware of you)faded. I found the classes and assignments __48__, and I left that day feeling I might survive. By the end of the first week, I had made a few friends.Studying and keeping up with my duties at home was __49__. No sooner would I begin to study than it was time to drive the kids to their activities. Math and science were __50__ my strong subjects, so I devoted more time to those. When the first semester __51__, I had a 4.0 GPA and was placed on the Honor Roll.By the second year, Bob and the kids were all doing their __52__, and I had learned how to comfortably __53__ my school and home life. My hard work paid off. I was awarded a scholarship and got the bachelor’s degree.As I drove away on the last day of school, I thought about what a difference returning to __54__ had made in my life. I looked much younger and I had more __55__and enthusiasm for life. I even became a therapist. It’s never too late to try again.36. A.classmate B.child C.student D.friend37. A. Remember B.create C.achieve D.improve38. A.Accept B.take C.offer D.want39. A.reactions B.impressions C.requests D.choices40. A.happy B.horrified C.grateful D.relieved41. plained B.noticed C.explained D.Declared42. A.but B.so C.or D.For43. A.fill B.join C.lead D.Major44. A.supplies B.clothes C.instruments D.Souvenirs45. A.determined B.confident C.anxious D.Confused46. A.opinion B.decision C.project D.Promise47. A.avoid B.draw C.receive D.Pay48. A.annoying B.depressing C.demanding D.Interesting49. A. different B. challenging C. rewarding D. Simple50. A.always B.still C.ever D.Never51. A.changed B.started C.ended D.Returned52. A.dishes B.deeds C.homework D.Share53. A.balance B.save C.continue D.Value54. A.family B.society C.school D.Hospital55. A.time B.energy C.money D.Chance【答案】36-40:BCDAB 41-45:CADAC 46-50:BADBD 51-55:CDACB。

2017北京高三一模语文分类汇编--(微写作、写作)学生版

2017北京高三一模语文分类汇编--(微写作、写作)学生版

2017北京高三一模语文分类汇编--(微写作、写作)学生版2017东城一模五、本大题共2小题,共62分。

26.微写作(12分)从下面三个题目中任先一题,按要求作答。

不超过150字。

①生肖文化是中华传统文化的重要组成部分,下图是一套..2017年中国鸡年邮票。

请你根据票面内容,为这套..邮票起一个有意思的名字。

并简要陈述理由。

②调查显示超过六成的中学生微信朋友圈屏蔽父母,班级将组织“中学生微信朋友圈该不该屏蔽父母”的辩论赛,请你以正方或反方辩手的身份,表达自己的看法。

要求:观点鲜明,有理有据。

③请以“春柳”为题,写一段抒情文字或一首小诗。

要求:感情真挚,运用两种以上的修辞手法。

27.作文(50分)从下面两个题目中任选一题,按要求作答,不少于700字。

①《鲁镇的黑夜与白天》中作者说:“我是迈过鲁迅故居的门槛的,我不敢踩它”。

北京的名人故居很多,你参观过的名人故居中,哪一幅画或什么情景曾带给你深切的感悟或独特的想象呢?请选择一处(不可以再写鲁迅故居),写一篇作文。

要求:题目自拟,文体不限;表现自己对故居主人的理解和思考。

②一夜之间,《中国诗词大会》《见字如面》《朗读者》这些节目火了。

人们被一首首精美的诗词吸引,被一句句朴实话语背后的深情打动……有人说,是诗句激发了人们的想象力,让人的内心重新丰富起来;有人说,是文字唤起了人们的回忆,一封家书就能抚平时代的创伤;有人说,朴实的话语更能带给人们充满温馨的心灵体验,如和煦的春日阳光,令人宁静愉悦;也有人说,当今社会我们从不缺少“朗读者”的感性泪水,我们最需要的是“赛先生(科学)”的理性精神……这些议论,引发了你哪些思考?请自选角度,自拟题目,写一篇议论文,表明你的见解。

要求:观点明确,论据充分,论证合理。

2017海淀一模五、本大题共2小题,共62分。

25,微写作(12分)下面三个题目与《红楼梦》《呐喊》《边城》《红岩》《平凡的世界》和《老人与海》六部文学名著有关。

【高考模拟试题及答案】2017北京门头沟区高三一模语文试题及答案

【高考模拟试题及答案】2017北京门头沟区高三一模语文试题及答案
北京门头沟区高三一模考试已结束为方便同学们复习出国留学网高考网小编会在考后第一时间发布2017北京门头沟区高三一模语文试题及答案供同学们参考复习
【高考模拟试题及答案】2017北京门头沟区高三一模语文试题及答案
2017北京高三一模试题பைடு நூலகம்答案汇总
海淀区高三一模
朝阳区高三一模
东城区高三一模
西城区高三一模
丰台区高三一模
石景山区高三一模
顺义区高三一模
>2017北京各区高三一模试题及答案汇总
>2017北京高三一模语文作文题汇总

高三海淀一模语文试卷

高三海淀一模语文试卷

高三海淀一模语文试卷一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分。

每小题只有一个正确答案,请将正确答案的字母填入题后的括号内。

)1. 下列词语中,加点字的读音全部正确的一组是()A. 恣意(zì)踯躅(zhú)猝不及防(cù)B. 蹉跎(cuō)踌躇(chú)叱咤风云(zhà)C. 剽悍(piāo)徜徉(cháng)桀骜不驯(yùn)D. 囹圄(yǔ)饕餮(tāo)锲而不舍(qiè)2. 下列句子中,加点成语使用正确的一项是()A. 他做事总是瞻前顾后,优柔寡断。

B. 他为人正直,从不徇私舞弊。

C. 他总是喜欢独断专行,一意孤行。

D. 他为人谦逊,从不妄自尊大。

(以下题目略)二、填空题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分。

请将正确答案填入题后的横线上。

)1. 请填写下列句子中空缺的部分。

“______,______。

”这是李白在《将进酒》中表达的豪情壮志。

答案:君不见黄河之水天上来,奔流到海不复回。

2. 请填写下列句子中空缺的部分。

“______,______。

”这是杜甫在《春望》中对国家命运的感慨。

答案:国破山河在,城春草木深。

(以下题目略)三、阅读理解(本大题共3小题,共40分。

)1. 阅读下列文言文,回答问题。

(共20分)(文言文材料略)(1)请解释文中“踌躇”一词的含义。

(4分)(2)请概括文中主要人物的性格特点。

(6分)(3)请分析文中所体现的作者的思想感情。

(10分)2. 阅读下列现代文,回答问题。

(共20分)(现代文材料略)(1)请概括文章的主要内容。

(4分)(2)请分析文中人物的心理变化。

(6分)(3)请论述文章的主题思想。

(10分)四、作文(本大题共1小题,共30分。

)请以“青春”为话题,写一篇不少于800字的文章。

要求:主题明确,语言流畅,结构完整,有创意。

注意事项:1. 请在规定时间内完成试卷。

届海淀区高三一模语文试卷及答案

届海淀区高三一模语文试卷及答案

届海淀区高三一模语文试卷及答案精选文档 TTMS system office room 【TTMS16H-TTMS2A-TTMS8Q8-海淀区高三年级第二学期期中练习语 文一、本大题共8小题,共24分。

阅读下面的材料,完成1—8题。

材料一当今中国正大踏步走近世界舞台的中央,上演着一个个精彩动人的中国故事,世界为之惊叹喝彩。

讲故事是进行国际传播的最佳方式。

讲好中国故事,关乎国家形象,关乎国际话语权,关乎国家文化软实力。

要讲好中国故事,应该注意以下三个方面。

发掘中国之美。

“欲扬其美,必知美之所在”。

五千年薪火相传的中华文明孕育了取之不竭的故事宝藏,不忘初心、砥砺..奋进的当代中国喷涌着数不尽的故事源泉。

中华文化的博大精深、中国特色社会主义的勃勃生机、中国梦征途的蹄疾步稳、中国人民的勤劳智慧,凝结成中国故事的丰富内涵。

向世界展示一个全面、真实、立体的中国,就要善用生动精彩的故事,讲清楚中国独特的文化传统、历史命运、基本国情,阐释好中国道路、中国理论、中国制度、中国文化,让世界更好地读懂中国。

① 。

“工欲善其事,必先利其器”。

讲好中国故事、传播好中国声音,创新表达方式至关重要。

好的表达,是真实与艺术、内容与形式、“陈情”与“说理”的有机结合。

创新我们的表达,赢得世界的倾听,就要认真研究国外不同受众的心理特点和接受习惯,着力打造融通中外的新概念、新范畴、新表述。

当中国表达不断创新,坚持“国际范儿”与“中国味儿”相结合,中国故事就能跨越种族、文化和地域的藩篱..,直抵人心,中国形象就能润物无声地融入国外受众的脑海。

② 。

“一手独拍,虽疾无声”。

合唱比独唱更震撼更有气势,和声..比单音更动听更有韵味。

中国故事的“大合唱”,需要政府部门打好“拍子”、做好引领,统筹协调。

媒体是讲好中国故事的主体,新闻发言人、专家学者、文化交流使者和出境人员等是讲好中国故事的骨干。

“领唱”不力则“合唱”不响,“各声部”无声则“和声”难鸣。

海淀区高三学年级第一学期期末练习语文试题答案2017

海淀区高三学年级第一学期期末练习语文试题答案2017

海淀区高三年级第一学期期末练习语文参考答案及评分标准 2017.1一、(本大题共7小题,共22分)1.(2分)D 2.(2分)C 3.(2分)B4. (5分)参考答案:伴随卫星是一种微小型航天器(1分),在太空中围绕主航天器不同角度地伴随飞行(1分),负责记录主航天器的工作情况(1分),随时对主航天器的表面状态进行监测,实施安全防卫(1分)。

评分标准:每点1分,共4分;语言表达,1分。

5.(2分)A 6.(3分)D7.(6分)参考答案:①在轨补给技术,能持续提供动力补给,可使天宫二号携带更多的生活物资。

②拥有伴随卫星,随时对天宫二号表面状态进行检查,保障航天器安全运行。

③再生生命保障系统,能使排出的体液循环再生,以维持航天员的生命健康。

评分标准:每点2分。

意思对即可。

二、(本大题共6小题,共21分)8. (3分) B 9.(3分)C 10.(3分)D11.(4分)参考答案:于是二年/定公以为司空/乃别五土之性/而物各得其所生之宜/咸得厥所/由司空为鲁大司寇/设法而不用/无奸民评分标准:断对两处得1分,断对四处得2分,断对六处得3分,全部断对得4分。

12.(4分)参考答案:儒者在做王公时,以仁义、礼法修朝施政,使君义达于百姓、通于四海,取得人心归服、天下一家的效果。

评分标准:答对一点得1分,答对两点得3分,答对三点得4分。

意思对即可。

13.(4分)答案示例:孔子制定了让百姓生有所养、死得安葬的制度,可证明荀子所说的“儒者法先王、隆礼义”;孔子做中都宰一年就使西方诸侯国向鲁国学习,证明儒者确为“社稷之臣、国君之宝”;孔子把土地按照性质分类,使各种作物都得到很好的生长,证明了“万物得宜乃君子(儒者)所长”的观点。

评分标准:《孔子家语》中的事例与《儒效》中的观点对应,每句2分,共4分。

三、(本大题共4小题,共17分)14.(3分)C 15.(3分)D16.(5分)答案示例:本诗中,作者以酒为旗鼓,把笔当作刀槊和军队(2分),排兵布阵,纵横驰骋,最终扫尽逆虏、取得胜利(2分)。

2017北京高三一模语文试卷(朝阳、丰台、石景山、顺义、门头沟)分类汇编(诗歌鉴赏)教师版

2017北京高三一模语文试卷(朝阳、丰台、石景山、顺义、门头沟)分类汇编(诗歌鉴赏)教师版

2017北京高三一模分类汇编(诗歌鉴赏)教师版2017东城一模(待补充)2017西城一模(待补充)2017海淀一模(待补充)2017朝阳一模2017丰台一模2017石景山一模2017顺义一模2017门头沟一模2017朝阳一模三、本大题共4小题,共20分。

阅读下面的宋词,完成14—17题。

水调歌头·黄州快哉亭赠张偓佺①苏轼落日绣帘卷,亭下水连空。

知君为我新作,窗户湿青红。

长记平山堂②上,欹枕江南烟雨,渺渺没孤鸿。

认得醉翁语:“山色有无中”。

一千顷,都镜净,倒碧峰。

忽然浪起,掀舞一叶白头翁。

堪笑兰台公子,未解庄生天籁,刚道有雌雄③。

一点浩然气,千里快哉风。

【注释】①快哉亭:在黄州长江边,张偓佺于住处西南所建,苏轼起名为“快哉亭”。

张偓佺,字怀民,时亦谪居黄州。

②平山堂:位于江苏扬州,欧阳修在扬州任地方官时所建。

③兰台公子:指宋玉,宋玉曾任楚兰台令。

雌雄,宋玉《风赋》谓风有大王之“雄风”与庶人之“雌风”的区别。

14.下面对词作内容理解不正确...的一项是(3分)A.“知君”两句是说快哉亭刚建好,油漆未干,一个“湿”字很传神。

B.“认得”两句巧妙借用欧阳修的诗句,来写诗人在亭中见到的景致。

C.“堪笑”三句批评宋玉竟不知道庄子著作里有关于“天籁”的说法。

D.“一点”两句暗用孟子“养吾浩然之气”的典故,来抒写豪放之情。

15.上阕“长记平山堂上”一句是虚写,回忆在平山堂上看到的情景。

下列诗句没有..运用虚写的一项是(3分)A.遥知兄弟登高处,遍插茱萸少一人。

(王维《九月九日忆山东兄弟》)B.晓看红湿处,花重锦官城。

(杜甫《春夜喜雨》)C.君问归期未有期,巴山夜雨涨秋池。

(李商隐《夜雨寄北》)D.想当年,金戈铁马,气吞万里如虎。

(辛弃疾《永遇乐·京口北固亭怀古》)16.《水调歌头•黄州快哉亭赠张偓佺》与《念奴娇•赤壁怀古》同是苏轼被贬黄州时所作的两首词。

请简要分析两首词在思想情感上的相同点和不同点。

2017北京海淀区高三零模语文试卷20170411161555

2017北京海淀区高三零模语文试卷20170411161555

北京101中学2017届高三语文测试卷(四)语文一、本大题共8小题,共24分阅读下面的文字,完成1~8题。

材料一清明节“清明节”拥有自然科学和民俗学的双重身份:既是天文学上的重要时间节点——节气,又是入选“国家级非物质文化遗产”名录的传统节日。

古人根据对日影的观测,在一年中定出24个节点,每一节点指代的那天被称作一个节气。

一年中,以立春为起始,清明是第五个时间节点。

每一个时间节点与地球在绕日轨道上的特定位臵相对应。

因赤道与地球公转轨道面间存在夹角。

地球在绕日轨道上的位臵不同,便有了四季更迭。

一年中日影最长的那天,被古人称为冬至,此时太阳直射南回归线;日影最短之日则被称为夏至,此时太阳直射北回归线。

而春分、秋分正好将“二至”平分。

人们把一年从4个时间节点再等分成为24个时间节点的过程,大致经历了千余年。

(见下图)现如今,在这24个节点中,既是节气又是节日的,只有清明节和冬至。

“清明”从节气演变为兼有“节日”内涵的文化符号,并不是偶然的,而是对寒食,上巳二节吸纳融合的结果。

寒食节在清明前一天。

据载,晋文公流亡多年复国后,论功行赏时竟遗忘功臣介子推,待他想起时,介子推早已携母隐居绵山。

于是文公焚山逼介子推露面,未料介子推“不受富贵,志在清明”,宁肯抱树而死。

文公为表达对介子推的哀思,下令禁火寒食,自此相沿成俗,有了寒食一节。

杜甫诗句“三月三日天气新,长安水边多丽人”中的“三月三”,是上巳节。

汉代以前上巳节在农历三月的第一个巳日,后来固定在夏历三月初三,是俢禊的日子,即“春浴日”。

“暮春者,春服既成,冠者五六人,童子六七人,浴乎沂,风乎舞雩,咏而归,”写的就是上巳节春浴的情形。

王维《寒食城东即事》诗有“少年分日作遨游,不用清明兼上巳”之句。

说明当时上巳节已经与寒食、清明合在一起了。

春分点二十四节气示意图1.下列关于原文内容的表述,不正确的一项是()(2分)A.一年中,冬至日,日影最长;夏至日,日影最短;春分日和秋分日太阳直射地球赤道。

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北京海淀区2017届高三年级一模语文试卷及答案 一、本大题共8小题,共24分。 阅读下面的材料,完成1一8题。 材料一 当今中国正大踏步走近世界舞台的中央,上演着一个个精彩动人的中国故事,世界为之惊叹喝彩。讲故事是进行国际传播的最佳方式。讲好中国故事,关乎国家形象,关乎国际话语权,关乎国家文化软实力。要讲好中国故事,应该注意以下三个方面。 发掘中国之美。“欲扬其美,必知美之所在。”五千年薪火相传的中华文明孕育了取之不竭的故事宝藏,不忘初心、砥砺奋进的当代中国喷涌着数不尽的故事源泉。中华文化的博大精深、中国特色社会主义的勃勃生机、中国梦征途的蹄疾步稳、中国人民的勤劳智慧,凝结成中国故事的丰富内涵。向世界展示一个全面、真实、立体的中国,就要善用生动精彩的故事,讲清楚中国独特的文化传统、历史命运、基本国情,阐释好中国道路、中国理论、中国制度、中国文化,让世界更好地读懂中国。 ① 。“工欲善其事,必先利其器。”讲好中国故事、传播好中国声音,创新表达方式至关重要。好的表达,是真实与艺术、内容与形式、“陈情”与“说理”的有机结合。创新我们的表达,赢得世界的倾听,就要认真研究国外不同受众的心理特点和接受习惯,着力打造融通中外的新概念、新范畴、新表述。当中国表达不断创新,坚持“国际范儿”与“中国味儿”相结合,中国故事就能跨越种族文化和地域的藩篱,直抵人心,中国形象就能润物无声地融入国外受众的脑海。 ② 。“一手独拍,虽疾无声。”合唱比独唱更震撼更有气势,和声比单音更动听更有韵味。中国故事的“大合唱”,需要政府部门打好“拍子”,做好引领、统筹协调。媒体是讲好中国故事的主体,新闻发言人、专家学者、文化交流使者和出境人员等是讲好中国故事的骨干。“领唱”不力则“合唱”不响,“各声部”无声则“和声”难鸣。惟有人人都是故事员,个个都做传播者,中国故事才能讲得气势磅礴,赢得世界更广泛的欢迎和赞誉。 (取材于宣言《向世界讲好中国故事》) 1.下列对“材料一”中加点字词的解说,不正确的一项是(2分) A.砥砺:本义为“磨刀石”,引申为“磨炼”。 B. 藩篱:比喻界限或屏障。 C.和声:“和”字读音为“hè”。 D. 磅礴:可用“恢弘”替换。 2.根据“材料一”,下列对“美之所在”, 理解有误的一项是(2分) A.有独特悠久的文化传统 B. 中国人民的勤劳智慧 C.中国梦的步伐又快又稳 D. 善讲精彩生动的故事 3.根据“材料一”,在①②处分别为三、四段拟写一个中心句,每句不超过8个字。(3分) 材料二 从传播学角度看,讲故事也属于一种传播行为,因此,它需要符合传播心理学规律。 研究证明,在一个富余的信息场域中,受众的选择性很强。选择的范式,既有选择性重视,也有选择性忽视,还有选择性遗忘。故事如果讲得不好,故事中包含的很多信息,在产生传播效果前就已经被忽视、被遗忘了。 在故事传播中,“人”应该始终占据中心位置。讲好中国故事,实际上是讲好中国人的故事。在这片土地上生活的人民群众,是各种故事的主人。故事当然要有情节,但更要聚焦人的心灵,人的甘苦冷暖。好的故事不是硬编出来的,而是真实的人生写照。在一个巨变的时代,最不缺乏的就是人的奋斗、人的成功与失败交织的实践,这些实践都贯穿着人的情感。情感是流动的血脉,有情感有温度的故事,更容易让读者受到感染、产生共鸣。 在对外传播的大量实践中,我们能够感受到,政治体制不同、宗教信仰和文化习惯迥异的受众,在接受心理上却有着共同特征:听故事的人最在意,异国的故事与我的生存状态有什么关联?你讲的故事与我的关系体现在什么地方?你讲的故事对我的成长发展有精神上的帮助吗?生存、关系、成长三个英文单词的首字母分别为E、R、G,把ERG组合起来并当作提示语,提醒自己在讲中国故事时要重视受众的心理特征和心理需求。 新世界出版社印行了一本中英文对照的小册子,书名叫《中国关键词》。这本小书帮助外国人从关键词的角度,理解中国故事中一些必不可少的概念。小时候听广播中的孙敬修讲故事,发现他很注意在讲的过程中,时时解释一些字词句的含义,照顾到小听众跟不上情节的情况。现在我们给外国人讲中国故事,是不是也要学学孙敬修,从听众的认知基础入手,在细微处多下功夫,进而成就讲故事的大家风范? (取材于江作苏《探索表达规律,讲中国故事如何不事倍功半》) 4.下列名著中的人物形象,最能体现“材料二”中画线句意思的一项是(3分) A.翠翠(《边城》) B.狂人(《呐喊·狂人日记》) C.孙少安(《平凡的世界》) D.桑地亚哥(《老人与海》) 5.根据“材料二”,下列不符合“传播心理学规律”的一项是(3分) A.故事中没有多余信息 B.讲有情感有温度的故事 C.重视受众的心理特征 D.从听众的认知基础入手 材料三 对外表达是国家软实力的重要组成部分,关乎国家形象和声誉。如果我们不能很好地表达自己,就将会被别人表达。 上世纪90年代,中国文化作为一股风潮席卷世界,“中国符号”成为世界的“商业利器”。比如迪斯尼电影《花木兰》,全球总票房高达3 . 043亿美元,《功夫熊猫》更以5.771亿美元的票房,创造了好莱坞动画电影史上的票房奇迹。 为什么同样的故事我们很难讲到国外去,别人来讲却可以风靡全球?区别在于我们讲花木兰的故事只突出了忠孝,而迪士尼塑造的花木兰,则是一位追求实现自我和男女平等、具有丰富情感的女人。 要想向世界讲好中国故事,我们先要清楚应向世界传递怎样的价值观,悉心研究和调整讲故事的策略,提高再创作故事的能力,采用能引起世界共鸣的方式来讲述。2016年G20峰会上,《最忆是杭州》就是对中国故事的一次成功讲述。 《最忆是杭州》共有九个节目,其中《采茶舞曲》是由300名身着中国传统服饰的舞蹈演员集体演绎的,“采茶姑娘们”用优美的身姿尽情展现了我国劳动人民的勤劳、朴实和美丽。在《美好爱情故事》中,导演择取“伟大的爱情”这一视角来赞颂梁山伯与祝英台的坚贞爱情,通过戏、曲、舞、歌等多种艺术形式,形象表达了东方“罗密欧与朱丽叶”的爱情悲剧。《茉莉花》作为最负盛名的中国民歌,其经典旋律已在世界范围内广泛流传,是极具代表性和辨识度的东方音乐符号。此次晚会上的《难忘茉莉花》是基于《茉莉花》的一次再创作。这些表演,都恰当地使用了中华传统文化符号,并提取能与世界人民互通、互感的部分,用情感引起国外观众的共振,这就是“情感共振的故事讲述”。 《最忆是杭州》中来自外国艺术原型的节目也巧妙融入了中国符号。在世界知名的芭蕾舞《天鹅湖》中,导演将西湖的断桥融入其中;《月光》是法国钢琴家德彪西的传世之作,当承载着钢琴和演奏家的平台缓慢地在水面上移动时,背景仍然是断桥。整台晚会采用中西合璧的叙事视角将中国文化进行讲述、传播,向世界传递着人类共通的情感力量,传达着融合共处的美好愿景和中国文化的自信。 (取材于郑英明等的相关文章) 6.根据“材料三”,下列对迪斯尼电影《花木兰》和《功夫熊猫》风靡全球原因的理解,最准确的一项是 A.传达了正确的价值观 B.能够引起世界的共鸣 C.拥有独特的文化符号 D.取得优秀的票房成绩 7.根据“材料三”,下列不属于《最忆是杭州》表演成功原因的一项是(2分) A.情感共振的故事讲述 B.扣人心弦的故事情节 C.丰富多彩的艺术形式 D.中西合璧的叙事视角 8.下面文字选自我国领导人“在中法建交50周年纪念大会上的演讲”,该演讲获得国际社会广泛赞誉。请根据上面三则材料,并结合下面文字,分析该演讲为什么能取得成功。(6分) 独立自主,是中华民族和法兰西民族的共有禀赋。中国和法国都是有着独特文明的古老国度。以黄河长江和卢瓦尔——罗讷水系为母亲河的两个伟大民族,都曾经长期引领各自所在地区的文明发展进程。老子、孔子、墨子、孟子、庄子等中国诸子百家学说至今仍然具有世界性的文化意义,声名远扬的法国思想家们为全人类提供了宝贵精神财富。进入近现代,两国都经历了民族苦难、战火洗礼和对发展模式的艰辛探索,走出了符合本国国情的发展道路。中法都坚持独立自主的外交政策,不随波逐流,不随风起舞,积极倡导和致力于多边主义、世界多极化、国际关系民主化。 二、本大题共6小题,共23分。 阅读下面的文言文,完成9——14题。 袁先生传① 薛季宣 袁先生,讳溉,字道洁,汝阴人也。尝举进士,免贡②,避地州西山中。建炎初,集乡民为保聚,与金人及群劫抗,屡克。后移居蜀之富顺。 先生初从二程先生学,闻蜀薛先生名。富顺邻家薛翁以卖香自给,其子晨以香出,父则掩关待之。子莫而归,因不复事邻里,莫详其趋步。先生疑其薛先生也,具刺③谒之,薛翁慢骂不应。先生固已疑之矣。间日再往,又不得前,于是积日屡造其门,薛翁喜而见之。先生与之语,不对;再见谈古今百氏,又不得一言;三见纵论六经,薛翁才有喜色。曰:“子学已博,然寡要。夫经所以载道,而言所以明道,何以多为!”先生曰:“如先生言,吾心将以会道尔。”薛翁击节称善,因以所学授之。居月余,励先生出关,薛翁因亦遁去。 先生出关至夏口,岳开府飞必欲延至幕下,先生一见而出,不辞而行。语所知曰:“岳公武人而泥古,幕府无圆机之士,难乎免矣!”未几而及难。先生因家荆州,往来夷陵、秭归诸郡,与士夫言必称善,悦其意旨,然后和之,循循然,人知其厚德君子也。 初,靖康后,天下兵荒甫起,先生家为汝阴盛族,尝有客过其舍,先生察其状貌有异,白诸父曰:“客奸人也。”徙家人避之。是夜客以寇来,遂与乡社义兵斗死。后众欲据前山为保,先生争之,不听。独将妻子聚保山后。已而,前山果没。金人大至,欲以万众攻山后营。先生坞中兵不满千,召其众计曰:“虏则势盛,吾知数术,保以一箭破之。”其夕,虏砦山阿、先生使数十人各执鼓燧,如四山伏,约虏军噪扰,燔山击鼓为应。有谈经客愚甚,先生激使为虏装,窃虏号入宿虏酋帐下,以二矢授曰:“夜中发矢而窜。”客如先生计,恇恇④仅能发箭。虏营惊乱,顾见火光并起,鼓声四合,因溃自相攻杀数百人,遂不敢复至。 瓯浦薛某⑤曰:圣人之学不可复见,走于先生焉取焉?尝侍先生观弈,能为负棋,易置数子,以弱为强。外舅强先生弈,则曰:“先人尝以弈为废事⑥,所不忍违。”走从问义理之辨,先生曰:“学者当自求之,他人之言善,非吾有。”走请终身诵服斯语。(有删改) 【注释】①本文是南宋哲学家薛季宣为其师袁溉所作的传记。②免贡:没有考中③刺:名帖,名片。 ④恇恇:害怕,惊恐。⑤薛某:“某”与下文的“走”,均为谦辞,指作者。⑥废事:耽误做事 9.下列对句中加点词的解释,不正确的一项是(3分) A.子莫而归 莫:傍晚 B.励先生出关,薛翁因亦遁去 遁:逃跑 C.天下兵荒甫起 甫:始,刚

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