2019-2020学年人教版高中英语选修8创新PPT课件Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar-复习同位语及同位语从句
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
(2)that 引导的同位语从句和引导的定语从句的区别
同位语从句
定语从句
作主语、宾语或表
不作成分，起连接作
语，起连接作用，作宾
用，不可省略；所引导的句
语时可以省略；所引导
子对名词加以解释说明，且
的句子与先行词是修饰
名词为抽象名词。如：
与被修饰的关系。如：
The news that he gave
I have no idea what size shoes she wears. 我不知道她穿几号的鞋。 I have no idea which wine is the best — it's a matter of personal taste. 我不知道哪种酒最好，这是个人口味的问题。 The question who should do the work requires consideration. 谁该做这项工作的问题需要考虑。
创新方案系列丛书
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
原句感知
[语法初识]
1.We two, Mr Lee and myself, had a
talk privately. 2 ． All the Chinese people, old and
young, love our socialist country.
名词的 具 体含义 。 引导同 位 语从句 的 词有连 词 that,
whether 以及连接副词 how, when, where, why 等。
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
1．that 引导的同位语从句 (1)如果从句意义完整，用连词 that 引导同位语从句。 注意：引导同位语从句的 that 不能省略。 The order that all the soldiers should set off at once is given by the general. 所有士兵立刻动身的命令是由将军下达的。(作 order 的同位语) People used to hold the belief that the earth was the center of the universe. 人们曾认为地球是宇宙的中心。(作 belief 的同位语)
Besides that, there is also a fierce debate over the question whether human cloning experiments should be allowed.
除此以外，关于是否应该允许进行人类克隆试验的问题
也引起了激烈的争论。
高中同步新课标·英语
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
③No one is happy with the fact that he found out. 定语从句
④No one is happy with the fact that he will become their boss. 同位语从句
高中同步新课标·英语
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
2－2.完成句子
④The message whose responsibility it was (谁承担责
任) is known to all. ⑤I have no idea
who I will turn to (我将向谁求助)
if I am in trouble. ⑥I have no idea what the boy is doing (那个男孩正
创新方案系列丛书
3．wh-连接词引导的同位语从句 如果同位语从句的意义不完整，需增加 “什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”、 “什么”等含义，应用 when, where, how, what 等词引导同位语从句。
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
(1)连接代词 what, who, whom, whose, which 引导 同位语从句
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
(3)wh-连接词引导的定语从句和 wh-连接词引导的同 位语从句的区别
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
即时演练 2 2－1.填入适当的连接词，并判断是定语从句还是同位 语从句 ①I have no idea how anxious she was！同位语从句 ②The coat is in the place where you left it.定语从句 ③The problem whether we'll build a new teaching building is still under discussion. 同位语从句
在做什么) in the next room now.
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
4．同位语从句的几种特殊情况 (1)同位语从句的隔离现象 当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同 位语从句常后置。 The fact remains that he accepted the money. 他收了那笔钱的事实依然存在。 An idea occurred to him that he might go there by air. 他突然想起他可以乘飞机去那里。
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
3．Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years, half the length of the life of the original sheep.
4．Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.
5．We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.
6．The question why so many people would
choose to live in the countryside but to work in the
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
(2)连接副词 when, where, how, why 引导的同位语 从句
We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 You have no idea how worried I was! 你不知道我有多着急！
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
语法点二
同位语从句
在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同
位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它在句中起同位语的作
用。它一般放在 fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, belief, thought, doubt, promise, question 等名 词的后面， 对前面的名词作进一步的解释， 说明前面
创新方案系列丛书
[语法剖析]
语法点一
同位语
同位语主要是对名词或代词作进一
步的解释，它可以是单词、短语或从句。
1．名词作同位语
We teachers should be responsible for this.
我们老师应该为此负责。来自高中同步新课标·英语创新方案系列丛书
2．代词作同位语 They each put forward a proposal. 他们每个人都提出了一个建议。 3．数词作同位语 You may leave it to us two. 你可以把这事留给我们俩。
city is still under discussion.
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
自主探究
(1)以上例句中加黑部分是同位语。同位 语可以由名词、代词、数词、形容词或
从句 来充当。例句 3 是由 名词短语 作同位 语；例句 2 是由 形容词短语作同位语；例句 4 是由 that 引导的 同位语 从句。
The news (that) he
in surprised me.
他投降的消息让我很 told me surprised me.
他告诉我的消息让
吃惊。(同位语从句，news 和从句没有逻辑关系)
我很吃惊。(定语从句， news 是 told 的逻辑宾语)
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
即时演练 1 1－1.判断下面句子中加黑部分是同位语从句还 是定语从句： ①The news that Tom will go abroad next year was told by him. 同位语从句 ②The news that he told me is that Tom will go abroad next year. 定语从句
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
(2)在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为 同位语从句。从例句 4～6 可以看出，同位语
从句一般用 that, whether, why 等词引导。 (3)同位语从句常放在 question, problem,
news 等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体 内容。
高中同步新课标·英语
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
2．whether 引导的同位语从句 如果同位语从句的意义不完整，需要增加“是否”的意
义，应用连词 whether 引导同位语从句。注意：if 不能引导 同位语从句。
There is some doubt whether John will come on time. 有人怀疑约翰是否会准时到来。
创新方案系列丛书
(2)that 引导的同位语从句和引导的定语从句的区别
同位语从句
定语从句
作主语、宾语或表
不作成分，起连接作
语，起连接作用，作宾
用，不可省略；所引导的句
语时可以省略；所引导
子对名词加以解释说明，且
的句子与先行词是修饰
名词为抽象名词。如：
与被修饰的关系。如：
The news that he gave
I have no idea what size shoes she wears. 我不知道她穿几号的鞋。 I have no idea which wine is the best — it's a matter of personal taste. 我不知道哪种酒最好，这是个人口味的问题。 The question who should do the work requires consideration. 谁该做这项工作的问题需要考虑。
创新方案系列丛书
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
原句感知
[语法初识]
1.We two, Mr Lee and myself, had a
talk privately. 2 ． All the Chinese people, old and
young, love our socialist country.
名词的 具 体含义 。 引导同 位 语从句 的 词有连 词 that,
whether 以及连接副词 how, when, where, why 等。
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
1．that 引导的同位语从句 (1)如果从句意义完整，用连词 that 引导同位语从句。 注意：引导同位语从句的 that 不能省略。 The order that all the soldiers should set off at once is given by the general. 所有士兵立刻动身的命令是由将军下达的。(作 order 的同位语) People used to hold the belief that the earth was the center of the universe. 人们曾认为地球是宇宙的中心。(作 belief 的同位语)
Besides that, there is also a fierce debate over the question whether human cloning experiments should be allowed.
除此以外，关于是否应该允许进行人类克隆试验的问题
也引起了激烈的争论。
高中同步新课标·英语
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
③No one is happy with the fact that he found out. 定语从句
④No one is happy with the fact that he will become their boss. 同位语从句
高中同步新课标·英语
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
2－2.完成句子
④The message whose responsibility it was (谁承担责
任) is known to all. ⑤I have no idea
who I will turn to (我将向谁求助)
if I am in trouble. ⑥I have no idea what the boy is doing (那个男孩正
创新方案系列丛书
3．wh-连接词引导的同位语从句 如果同位语从句的意义不完整，需增加 “什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”、 “什么”等含义，应用 when, where, how, what 等词引导同位语从句。
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
(1)连接代词 what, who, whom, whose, which 引导 同位语从句
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
(3)wh-连接词引导的定语从句和 wh-连接词引导的同 位语从句的区别
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
即时演练 2 2－1.填入适当的连接词，并判断是定语从句还是同位 语从句 ①I have no idea how anxious she was！同位语从句 ②The coat is in the place where you left it.定语从句 ③The problem whether we'll build a new teaching building is still under discussion. 同位语从句
在做什么) in the next room now.
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
4．同位语从句的几种特殊情况 (1)同位语从句的隔离现象 当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同 位语从句常后置。 The fact remains that he accepted the money. 他收了那笔钱的事实依然存在。 An idea occurred to him that he might go there by air. 他突然想起他可以乘飞机去那里。
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
3．Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years, half the length of the life of the original sheep.
4．Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.
5．We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.
6．The question why so many people would
choose to live in the countryside but to work in the
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
(2)连接副词 when, where, how, why 引导的同位语 从句
We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 You have no idea how worried I was! 你不知道我有多着急！
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
语法点二
同位语从句
在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同
位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它在句中起同位语的作
用。它一般放在 fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, belief, thought, doubt, promise, question 等名 词的后面， 对前面的名词作进一步的解释， 说明前面
创新方案系列丛书
[语法剖析]
语法点一
同位语
同位语主要是对名词或代词作进一
步的解释，它可以是单词、短语或从句。
1．名词作同位语
We teachers should be responsible for this.
我们老师应该为此负责。来自高中同步新课标·英语创新方案系列丛书
2．代词作同位语 They each put forward a proposal. 他们每个人都提出了一个建议。 3．数词作同位语 You may leave it to us two. 你可以把这事留给我们俩。
city is still under discussion.
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
自主探究
(1)以上例句中加黑部分是同位语。同位 语可以由名词、代词、数词、形容词或
从句 来充当。例句 3 是由 名词短语 作同位 语；例句 2 是由 形容词短语作同位语；例句 4 是由 that 引导的 同位语 从句。
The news (that) he
in surprised me.
他投降的消息让我很 told me surprised me.
他告诉我的消息让
吃惊。(同位语从句，news 和从句没有逻辑关系)
我很吃惊。(定语从句， news 是 told 的逻辑宾语)
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
即时演练 1 1－1.判断下面句子中加黑部分是同位语从句还 是定语从句： ①The news that Tom will go abroad next year was told by him. 同位语从句 ②The news that he told me is that Tom will go abroad next year. 定语从句
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
(2)在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为 同位语从句。从例句 4～6 可以看出，同位语
从句一般用 that, whether, why 等词引导。 (3)同位语从句常放在 question, problem,
news 等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体 内容。
高中同步新课标·英语
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
2．whether 引导的同位语从句 如果同位语从句的意义不完整，需要增加“是否”的意
义，应用连词 whether 引导同位语从句。注意：if 不能引导 同位语从句。
There is some doubt whether John will come on time. 有人怀疑约翰是否会准时到来。
合集下载
人教课标版高中英语选修8Unit 2 Using language课件 (共19张PPT)
Unit 2 Cloning
Using Language
Does the author believe the dinosaurs can be cloned?
The Return of the Dinosaurs?
The reasons why it is either impossible
A. scientists are able to clone dinosaurs B. it’s possible to clone animals which
have been extinct shorter than 10,000 years C. cloned animals should live in the zoo D. cloned animals will have no illness at all
2. The reasons why a group of cloned animals
all die of the same illness do NOT include __.
A. they have the same arrangement of
genes
C
B. there isn’t enough diversity in the
group for it to overcome illnesses
C. it is a new illness
D. their arrangement of genes can not
resist that newr from the text that ____.
_i_ll_n_e_s_se_s_ so they might die of the
same illness.
Using Language
Does the author believe the dinosaurs can be cloned?
The Return of the Dinosaurs?
The reasons why it is either impossible
A. scientists are able to clone dinosaurs B. it’s possible to clone animals which
have been extinct shorter than 10,000 years C. cloned animals should live in the zoo D. cloned animals will have no illness at all
2. The reasons why a group of cloned animals
all die of the same illness do NOT include __.
A. they have the same arrangement of
genes
C
B. there isn’t enough diversity in the
group for it to overcome illnesses
C. it is a new illness
D. their arrangement of genes can not
resist that newr from the text that ____.
_i_ll_n_e_s_se_s_ so they might die of the
same illness.
人教版高中英语选修八课件Unit2课件
differ exact twin commercial straightforward undertake (undertook，
undertaken) breakthrough procedure carrier cast altogether arbitrary
correction object objection medium(media) obtain attain moral
Actually, cloning is a phenomenon that occurs naturally in a wide variety of species. Whenever you see a pair of identical twins, they are examples of nature’s clones. Although scientists have been cloning certain plants like the carrot quite successfully for decades, attempts at cloning animals have not been as successful. However, they began long before the birth of Dolly, the sheep—the first mammal to be successfully cloned.
类别
课程标准要求掌握的项目
1.接受与拒绝 (Acceptance and refusal) I’m happy to accept...but... I can/cannot accept your argument because... I support...because... No, I can’t agree with...because... I agree with / could never agree to...because... How can you believe that? 功能 Your argument has convinced me because... I would like to agree with you but... Do you think it is wise to...? No, that is not reasonable because... Is it fair to...? I don’t care for your ideas because... I don’t mind but... 2．表扬与鼓励 (Praise and encouragement) Your ideas sound very encouraging to me.That’s a good/great idea. Well done to you for...
2019-2020学年人教版高中英语选修8创新PPT课件Unit 2 Section Ⅳ Language Points Ⅱ
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
3．It can be inferred from the text that
.
A ． scientists are experimenting with cloning
dinosaurs B．dinosaurs will never return to the earth
Because it is not a suitable habitat to develop and increase its numbers, and the zoo is not a natural environment for a wild animal.
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
There will not be enough genetic variation in the group to be able to resist new illnesses.
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
2．Why is it wrong to clone an extinct animal if it would have to live in a zoo?
[ 佳 句 赏 析 ]The child with only a shirt on was trembling with cold.
只穿着一件衬衫的那个孩子冻得直发抖。
高中同步新advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.
人教课标版高中英语选修8unit2grammar (共24张ppt)
2
什么是名词性从句？ 名词性从句有哪几种？ 你能举出一些例子吗？
2020/5/21
Hale Waihona Puke 3名词性从句：在句子中起名词作用的句子。
名词性从句的功能相当于 名词词。组
主 His job is important. 语 What he does is important.
表 This is his job. 语 This is what he does everyday.
名词性从句在句中可以担任：
主语、宾语、表语、 同位语，
因此，根据它在句中不同的语法功能，分为：
2020/5/21
4
主主语语从句
subject clause
宾宾语语从句
object clause
名词性从句
表表语语从句
predictive
noun clause
同同位位语语从句
appositive clause
3.His trouble is that宾he语d从oe句sn’t know anybody in London.
4.The fact that ships can go the表re语从句 surprises many people.
2020/5/21
同位语从句 6
什么是同位语从句？
如何正确使用同位语从句的引导 词？
2020/5/21
9
1.概念：
同位语从句
在复合句中做名词的同位语的名词性从句
2.功能：
同位语从句是对名词的进一步解释，说
明名词的具体内容
3.用法：
常跟的抽象名词有：fact 事实 ;idea 想法 ; reason
理由 ; thought想法; order命令 doubt疑惑; news
高中(人教)英语选修8课件：unit 2
Unit 2
Cloning
Why plant “clones” aren’t identical 克隆后的植物与母体完全相同吗？植物克隆与动物克隆有 区别吗？这种研究有什么意义呢？
Science Daily (Aug 4,2011)—A new study of plants that are reproduced by cloning has shown why cloned plants are not identical.
The team reported their findings in this week’s Current Biology.
“Where these new mutations actually come from is still a mystery，” said Professor Harberd.“They may arise during the regeneration process itself or during the cell divisions in the donor plant that gave rise to the root cells from which the regenerate plants are created.We are planning further research to find out which of these two processes is responsible for these mutations.What we can say is that nature has safely been employing what you might call a ‘cloning’ process in plants for millions of years，and that there must be good evolutionary reasons why these mutations are introduced.”
Cloning
Why plant “clones” aren’t identical 克隆后的植物与母体完全相同吗？植物克隆与动物克隆有 区别吗？这种研究有什么意义呢？
Science Daily (Aug 4,2011)—A new study of plants that are reproduced by cloning has shown why cloned plants are not identical.
The team reported their findings in this week’s Current Biology.
“Where these new mutations actually come from is still a mystery，” said Professor Harberd.“They may arise during the regeneration process itself or during the cell divisions in the donor plant that gave rise to the root cells from which the regenerate plants are created.We are planning further research to find out which of these two processes is responsible for these mutations.What we can say is that nature has safely been employing what you might call a ‘cloning’ process in plants for millions of years，and that there must be good evolutionary reasons why these mutations are introduced.”
2019-2020学年人教版高中英语选修8创新PPT课件Unit 2 Section Ⅱ Language Points Ⅰ
与某人在某事上意见不同
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
(2)different adj.
不同的，有区别的
be different from ... 与……不同/有区别
(3)difference n.
不同，差异，分歧
make a difference to 对……起作用；产生影响
make no difference 不起作用，没有影响
在日常生活中，我们对事情会有自己的观点， 它与其他人的不同。
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
②I have to differ with you on/about/over the matter in the end.
最终，在这个问题上我不能同意你的看法。 ③Your age shouldn't make any difference to whether you get the job or not. 你能否得到这项工作应该与你的年龄无关。
我认为这个问题不难解决。
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
1．Think about how they differ.(P10) 想一想他们如何不同。 ★differ vi.不同；相异 (1)differ from sb./sth. (in ...)
(在……方面)与某人/某事物不同 differ with sb. on/about/over sth.
4．The law forbids (禁止) building on this land.
5．Old people are usually more conservative (保守的) than young people.
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
(2)different adj.
不同的，有区别的
be different from ... 与……不同/有区别
(3)difference n.
不同，差异，分歧
make a difference to 对……起作用；产生影响
make no difference 不起作用，没有影响
在日常生活中，我们对事情会有自己的观点， 它与其他人的不同。
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
②I have to differ with you on/about/over the matter in the end.
最终，在这个问题上我不能同意你的看法。 ③Your age shouldn't make any difference to whether you get the job or not. 你能否得到这项工作应该与你的年龄无关。
我认为这个问题不难解决。
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
高中同步新课标·英语
创新方案系列丛书
1．Think about how they differ.(P10) 想一想他们如何不同。 ★differ vi.不同；相异 (1)differ from sb./sth. (in ...)
(在……方面)与某人/某事物不同 differ with sb. on/about/over sth.
4．The law forbids (禁止) building on this land.
5．Old people are usually more conservative (保守的) than young people.
人教课标版高中英语选修8Unit2reading(共26张PPT)
To learn is to use!
Losing the game _m_a_d_e_h_im__c_a_s_t _do_wn.
cast him down
输掉比赛让他非常沮丧
_D_o_n_’_t_b_e_c_a_s_t_d_o_w_n_._ , man! cheer up！(cast)
不要灰心，伙计，加油！
4. undertake —undertook—undertaken
(1) to agree or promise (答应，承诺) (2) start doing sth.（着手，从事） (3) to make yourself responsible for sth and
start doing it (承担、从事、负责)
•在……方面、与……不同 (adj. different) be different in/ from
•产生影响 (n. difference) make a difference to sb./sth.
还要持续下去
be here to stay
生产与原型完全 make an exact copy of 相同的动植物 another animal or plant
A. agreement C. opposition
B. indifference D. support
V: __o_b_j_e_c_t_____
object to sth./ doing sth./ sb's(sb.) doing sth/ that . have/ make/ raise an objection to sth./sb.
10. obtain 与 attain
obtain （通过长期的努力）得到所需的东西 （信息, what 从句等） attain 获得（权利、成功）；达到（年龄， 水平，状况等）