暑假课程(高中英语)讲义--句子的基本成分 五种基本句型 长难句分析

XXXX教育学科教师辅导讲义讲义编号学员编号：年级：课次数/课时进度：学员姓名：辅导科目：学科教师：学科组长签名及日期课题句子的主要成分和五种基本句型授课时间：备课时间：教学目标1.认清句子的成分及其作业2.能够有自主分析长难句以便理解篇章意思重点、难点1.如何理解句子的成分问题2.如何快速找出句子的主要成分考点及考试要求1.语言的综合运用能力2.培养良好的学习习惯教学内容Part 1 Homework Checking & RevisionPart 2 Sentence Structures一：句子成分摸底测试一．指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!5. They went hunting together early in the morning.二．判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.3. There is a cha ir in this room, isn’t there?4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.5. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.二：基本语法概述句子成分句子的基本成分包括：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、补语句子的附加成分主要有：定语、状语For example: My brother teaches English at a school.主语谓语宾语状语1.主语：一句话的主体，英语句子中不可或缺的成分，是全句述说的对象。

常由名词或相当于名词的词担任位于句首。

找出下面句子的主语部分Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.He is interested in music.Whom did you give my book to?What I want to tell you is this.The days get longer and longer when summer comes.The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.200yuan is not too much money.你知道哪些词可以用来充当主语吗？2. 谓语：说出主语的动作或状态的由动词担任，位于主语之后。

找出下面句子的谓语：There is an old man coming here.The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.We had better send for a doctor.He is interested in music.My brother hasn't done his homework.You will find it useful after you leave school.You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.你觉得谓语动词有哪几种？3.宾语：及物动词的动作对象和介词所联系的对象，常由名词或相当于名词的词担任，位于动词或介词之后。

请找出下面的宾语：How many new words did you learn last class?Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?Every night he heard the noise upstairs.I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!He asked her to take the boy out of school.Whom did you give my book to?你觉得宾语有什么样的特点？Exercise用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语（—）、谓语（＝）、宾语（～）：I hope you are very well. I'm fine, but tired. Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm.August is the hottest month here. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat. We have a lot of machines on the farm. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him. But he employs more men for the harvest. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. It doesn't often rain in the summer here. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden. Every evening we pump water from a well. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden.4.状语：修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句，常由副词或相当于副词的词组担任；可置于动词之前或之后，只能置于形容词或副词之前。

There was a big smile on her face.Every night he heard the noise upstairs.He began to learn English when he was eleven.The man on the motorbike was traveling too fast.She loves the library because she loves books.With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.My father bought a new bike for me last week.I usually go to school by bus.你知道状语有哪几种吗？Examples: Brown is a teacher.It is fine today五、表语：表述主语的身份或特征的常由名词或形容词担任，置于连系动词之后。

请指出下面的表语部分：There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.She was the first to learn about it.I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.It seems to rain tomorrow.The bread you bought yesterday has gone bad.The leaves turn yellow when autumn comes.如何有效地寻找表语？Examples: The parents named their baby Tony.We elected Joyce to be the chief monitor.He often makes his sister cry.六、补语：用来补充主语和宾语的意义，一般都着重说明主语或宾语的身份或特征。

我们常常把表语称之为主语补语，而用来说明宾语的身份和特征的部分称为宾语补足语。

你能找出下面的宾语补足语吗？She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.He asked her to take the boy out of school.She found it difficult to do the work.Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.They call me Lily sometimes.你觉得如何才能有效地找到宾语补足语？Examples: Jane is a beautiful girl.John had a great desire to travel.Children who live by the sea usually begin to swim at an early age.七、定语：限定或修饰名词或相当于名词的词，常由形容词或相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。