软件工程开发导论-软件过程模型

Chapter 2.2 5、Advantage:
Spiral Module
Changed at each stage of the project.
To a s m a l l s e g m e n t ( 段 ) t o c o n s t r u c t ( 建 造 ) large system. The project does not deviate( 偏离) the customer need. Customer can effectively interact( 互动) with management.
1.Process：
customer evaluate
YES
NO
better software
• Build a rapid prototype; • Customers evaluate the prototype(原型） • Adjusting(调整） the prototype; • Develop customer satisfaction software.
• Chapter 2.2
1、Rapid Prototype Module
2、Incremental Module 3、Spiral Module
Chapter 2.2
Rapid Prototype Module
Chapter 2.2
rapid prototype
Rapid Prototype Module
Chapter 2.2 4、Advantage：
Incremental Module
U s e r s c a n u n d e r s t a n d t h e p r o g r e s s o f t h e
s o f t w a r e p r o j e c t i n a t i m e l y m a n n e r.
Chapter 2.2 4、Characteristics
•
• • • •
Spiral Module
Multiple iterations（迭代） of the
waterfall model. Divided more finely each stage. Flexibly design. Driven by risk management. The user can see the product earlier and continue to evaluate the product .
Chapter 2.2 2、People：
Spiral Module
B a r r y B o h m ( B a r r y W. Boehm,巴利·玻姆)– the father of the software engineering estimation model(估计模 型).OCOMO model(构造性 成本模型) and spiral model.
Chapter 2.2
2、Advantage:
Rapid Prototype Module
• Overcome the shortcomings of the waterfall model.
• Reduce the development risk caused.
Chapter 2.2
Incremental Module
Disadvantage:
It can be only when the requirements are clear and would not change too much in the future.
Chapter 2.2
V Model
Chapter 2.2
Prototyping Model
Spiral Module
Chapter 2.2 1、Define：
Spiral Module
A risk-driven process model
generator(生成器) for software projects. Based on the unique risk patterns(模式) of a given project,the spiral model guides a team to adopt elements(元素) of one or more process models, such as incremental(增量), waterfall, or evolutionary prototyping(演化模型).
Chapter 2.2
Waterfall Model
Chapter 2.2
Waterfall Model
The waterfall model is also called classical life cycle
The next stage will not start until the previous stage is finished
02
Chapter 2.1
测试流
01 02 03 04
需求制品 Demand
分析制品 Analysis 设计制品 Design
实现制品 Realize
Chapter 后续 2.1
交付后维护 post delivery maintenance
退役 decommission
Chapter 2.1
开始阶段 incipient
Chapter 2.2 2、Characteristic
Incremental Module
Modularized and componentized（组件化） software systems to be developed
Chapter 2.2 3、Process
Incremental Module
Chapter 2.1
• 软件的过程是我们生产软件的方式 It includes methodologies and models, techniques, tools used, and the most important of all these factors: the person who builds the software.
细化阶段 elaboration
构建阶段 construction phase
转化阶段 phase transformation
Chapter 2.2
Software Process Models
Each process model represents a kind of strategies reference to a kind of situation. A particular model is just suitable for a special process. Three popular models : Waterfall Mode. V Model. Prototyping Model.
Concept Exploration
02
应用领域—业务模型 Business Model
Chapter 2.1
分析流
01
模糊性
Fuzzy
02
不完备
Imperfection
03
矛盾性
Contradiction
Chapter 2.1
设计流与实 现流
01
细化分析流 Refining
用选择的语言实现目标 Select Language
Requirements→ design →implementation→ test →maintenance It is a linearrfall Model
Characteristics: Rigid, monolithic, documentation-driven. Advantage: Documentation is produced at each phase. It fits with other engineering process models.
R e d u c e s t h e r i s k o f s o f t w a r e d e v e l o p m e n t . T h e d e v e l o p m e n t o r d e r i s f l e x i b l e .
Chapter 2.2 5、Disadvantage：
Chapter 2.2
Spiral Module
•U s e r s a n d d e v e l o p e r s c l o s e l y .
•N o t o n e - t i m e i n v e s t m e n t . •C a n g i v e d e v e l o p e r s m o r e f e e d b a c k information.
Software Engineering: Theory and Practice
• Chapter 2: Modeling the Process and Life-Cycle
Chapter 2.1
• This chapter presents an overview of different types of process and life-cycle models. It also describes several modeling techniques and tools. • The chapter examines a variety of software development process models to demonstrate how organizing process activities can make development more effective.