A Model for Conducting Strategy Training
同等学力申硕英语真题及答案
同等学力申硕英语真题及答案一、听力理解1. A) The man is looking for a new job.B) The man is planning to start his own business.C) The man is considering taking a vacation.D) The man is discussing his career plans with a friend.答案：B2. A) The woman is late for the meeting.B) The woman is worried about the weather.C) The woman is concerned about her presentation.D) The woman is discussing her travel plans.答案：C二、词汇与语法3. The company has recently ________ a new marketing strategy.A) implementedB) demonstratedC) speculatedD) deteriorated答案：A4. Despite the heavy rain, the construction work was ________on schedule.A) postponedB) acceleratedC) delayedD) maintained答案：D三、阅读理解Passage 1In the past decade, the use of renewable energy sources has grown significantly. This trend is driven by the increasing awareness of environmental issues and the need for sustainable development. Governments around the world are investing in research and development to improve the efficiency of renewable energy technologies.5. What is the main reason for the growth in renewable energy use?A) Economic benefitsB) Environmental concernsC) Technological advancementsD) Government policies答案：B6. What does the passage suggest about the future of renewable energy?A) It will be replaced by nuclear energy.B) It will continue to grow.C) It will face significant challenges.D) It will be limited to certain regions.答案：BPassage 2The digital transformation of businesses has led to an increase in the demand for skilled professionals in the field of information technology. Companies are now seeking individuals with expertise in areas such as data analysis, cybersecurity, and artificial intelligence to stay competitive in the global market.7. What is the primary focus of the passage?A) The impact of digital transformation on businesses.B) The need for skilled professionals in IT.C) The challenges faced by companies in the digital age.D) The role of artificial intelligence in business.答案：B8. According to the passage, what are companies looking for in potential employees?A) Experience in traditional industries.B) Knowledge of data analysis and cybersecurity.C) Proficiency in foreign languages.D) Expertise in marketing and sales.答案：B四、写作9. Write an essay on the topic "The Importance of Lifelong Learning in the 21st Century". Your essay should be no less than 300 words.答案：Lifelong learning has become an essential aspect of personal and professional development in the 21st century. With the rapid pace of technological advancements and the ever-changing global landscape, individuals must continuously update their skills and knowledge to remain relevant and competitive. This essay will discuss the importance of lifelong learning and its impact on individuals, organizations, and society as a whole.Firstly, lifelong learning enables individuals to adapt to new technologies and work environments. As industries evolve and new job roles emerge, the ability to learn and apply new skills is crucial for career advancement and job security. For instance, professionals in the field of software development must continuously learn about new programming languages and frameworks to stay current in their field.Secondly, organizations benefit from a workforce that engages in lifelong learning. A skilled and knowledgeable workforce can lead to increased productivity, innovation, and competitiveness. Companies that invest in the professional development of their employees are more likely to attract and retain top talent, which in turn contributes to the overall success of the organization.Lastly, society as a whole benefits from a population that values lifelong learning. A well-educated and skilled workforce can drive economic growth, improve public health, and foster social cohesion. Moreover, lifelong learning promotes a culture of curiosity and critical thinking, which is vital for addressing complex social issues and fostering a sense of civic responsibility.In conclusion, lifelong learning is not just a personal endeavor but a collective responsibility. It is essential for individuals to stay competitive, for organizations to thrive, and for society to progress. As we navigate the challenges and opportunities of the 21st century, the commitment to lifelong learning will be a key determinant of success.请注意，以上内容仅为示例，实际的同等学力申硕英语真题及答案可能会有所不同。
A Framework of Model-Driven Web Application Testing
A Framework of Model-Driven Web Application TestingNuo Li, Qin-qin Ma, Ji Wu, Mao-zhong Jin, Chao Liu Software Engineering Institute, School of Computer Science and Engineering,Beihang University, ChinaSeraphicln, maqinqinmail @ wuji, jmz, liuchao@AbstractWeb applications have become complex and crucial in many fields. In order to assure their quality, a high demand for systematic methodologies of Web application testing is emerging.In this paper, a methodology of Model-Driven Testing (MDT) for Web application is presented. Model is the core of this method. Web application model is built to describe the system under testing. Test case models are generated based-on the web application model. Test deployment model and test control model are designed to describe the environment and process of test execution. The test engine executes test cases based-on the test deployment and control model automatically. After that, testing results are reflected to test case models.A framework is designed for supporting this methodology. In order to get better extensibility and flexibility, it is loose-coupled by a modeler and a tester. The modeler enables developers to design meta-models, and is responsible for creating, visualizing and saving models. The tester takes in charge of recovering the tested Web application model, generating test cases, and executing test.1. IntroductionWeb Applications (WA) have become the core business for many companies in major market areas. Correspondingly, the quality of WA is becoming crucial. Therefore, more than 300 commercial or open source WA testing tools are developed. They focus on different aspects of WA respectively [1]. But, because WAs are complex, distributed and rapidly updated software systems, the testing of them is still an arduous task, and traditional testing methodologies may not be adequate.MDT is a promising approach for the visualization and automation of software testing. It offers a suite of visualized means to define, execute and analyze testing, and reduces the testing time by reusing common test functions. Furthermore, it separates the testing logic from the test implementation. This enables developers to focus on designing good tests specific to applications while relying on the toolset's test execution environment to solve problems related test execution.[2]In this paper, a framework, named MDWATP, is proposed for applying MDT process to WAs. After providing a brief review of existing work in model-driven WA testing in section 2, section 3 defines our test models around different views of MDT. And then, section 4 shows details of the MDWATP framework. Lastly, section 5 summarizes and discusses future work.2. Related workMany researchers study how to assure the quality of WAs by model based methods. The major of them focus on development modeling [3,4,5], while some others are studying test models especially [6,7,9]. Test model and development model are different, but theyassociate with each other. Since they orient the same codes, sometimes test models could be translated from development models. However, because WAs are usually directly coded and no, or poor, documentation is produced during development, it is better to build test models for WAs by reverse engineering.Di Lucca et al. [6,8] exploits an UML model of a WA as a test model, and proposes a definition of the unit level for testing the WA. Based on the model, a method to test the single units of a WA and for the integration testing is proposed.Ricca and Tonella [9] also propose a UML model of WAs for their high level representation. Such a model drives WA testing, in which it can be exploited to define white box testing criteria. Compared with the model defined by Di Lucca et al., their model aims at explicitly representing user navigations.Besides UML models, there are other models being adopted to describe the tested WA. Liu et al. [7] propose an object-oriented WA testing model. The test model captures both structural and behavioral test artifacts of WA and represents the artifacts form the object, behavior, and structure perspectives.Most of the previous studies focused on the definition of WA test model and the strategy of test case generation [6,7,9]. Although some of them offered a framework to create models and execute tests, it is not enough to arrange testing on demand. The testing of WAs usually is distributed. Therefore test environment and execution process should be modeled.In order to deal with this problem, MDT proposes a methodology to support modeling the process of testing, and automatically create test execution environment. And the UML2 Testing Profile (U2TP) is proposed as a language to design, visualize, specify, analyze, construct and document the artifacts of test systems [10]. The Eclipse Test and Performance Tools Platform (TPTP) [11] contains an open-source implementation of U2TP. And the IBM Haifa Research lab developed a MDT package which supports the behavioral modeling of distributed applications, test generation, test execution, and test analysis [14]. But both TPTP and Haifa’s MDT package do not focus on WAs testing. 3. Model-Driven Web Application TestingTest model is the core conception of MDT; it appears as different views in different phases of testing (see figure 1). Firstly, the System Under Test View (SUT View) presents the model of the system being tested. Based-on the SUT View, test cases are automatically or semi-automatically generated. The generated test cases are described in the Test Case View. After that, the process and environment of test execution are modeled in the Test Execution View. Then the MDT execution engine automatically executes test cases based-on models described in the Test Execution View. Finally, test results are represented in the Test Result View. In addition to generate report forms of test results, the system can modify models in previous phases for visual presentation of test results. Theiterative process is a great help for regression testing.Figure 1. Different views of MDT By referring to previous studies about WA models, we propose a lightweight model of tested WA. According to the MDT different views, test case model, test deployment model, test control model and test result model are also defined. All of these models extend UML2.0 based-on Meta-Object Facility (MOF) [12] mechanism. This section introduces the definition of these models; the implementations of them are depicted in section 4.3.1 System under test viewNavigation is a basic characteristic of WA; WAs provide users services and obtain user input through navigation and other HTML components. We also noticed that large numbers of HTML pages are dynamically generated in the server side. Because of the flexibility of programming, it is hard to predict what the result will be before program execution. Sowe adopt navigation model as test model of WAs, and attempt to get it from client side by analyzing HTML pages.By referring to the UML model proposed by Di Lucca et al. [6,8] and Ricca and Tonella [9], Class diagram of UML is extended to define our Web Application Navigation Model (WANM). WANM depicts the navigation relations among the client pages, and hyperlinks and forms in each client page. HTML elements are modeled as classes generalizing the Class class from UML2. And relations between the elements generalize the Association class from UML2. [13] Compared with the other WA test models, WANM is easier to be implemented in projects, satisfies the requirements of building WA test model from client side, and contains relative information of functional testing.3.2 Test case viewTest case model extends UML sequence diagram. Each test case is a sequence of client pages to be accessed. A client page to be accessed is an instance of a client page class in WANM with an arbiter, where the expected contents for accessing the next page are stored.In order to satisfy the continuously changing needs and requirements deriving from the evolving application domain，existing WAs are modified frequently and quickly [8]. As a result, test data for WA should be general, adaptive and reusable. In this situation, data pool is very appropriate for WA testing.A data pool is a collection of data partitions or explicit values that are used by test engine; it provides a means for providing values or data partitions for repeated tests [10]. The forms contained in the client page to be accessed could be assigned by the data selected from data pool.3.3 Test execution viewIn the test execution view, two kinds of models are defined: the test deployment model and the test control model. Because test cases of WAs usually need to be run on several client computers, test deployment model is required to describe the test environment. And the test control model is used to plan test execution process.The test deployment model extends the deployment diagram of UML2. It has three basic elements: test center, test node, and test script. The two previous elements generalize the Node class from UML2; the test script generalizes the Artifact class from UML2. The test center stands for the computer which controls test nodes, and collects test results from them. A test node is a computer that actually executes test. Test scripts would be automatically generated from test cases, and deployed on these test nodes.The test control model extends the UML activity diagram. The TestInvocation class is defined by generalizing the Action class from UML2. It associates with test node. The relation between TestInvocation objects controls the execution order of the test nodes.In order to organize and manage the test deployment model and the test control model, we defined the test architecture model based-on U2TP. The test architecture model is not shown to users. The Test context, which is a collection of test cases together with a test configuration on the basis of which the test cases are executed [10], is defined in this model.3.4 Test result viewTest result model is defined to save and present test results. And besides being shown in reports, test results would be associated with test case models.Test results are classified as test trace result and test verdict result. The test trace result is a behavior description of execution. Each test trace result records execution time and error or exception information during the execution. The test verdict result is the assessment of the correctness of system under test. The test verdict result of a test case is calculated by comparing with the excepted test results.4. The framework of MDWATPMDWATP offers a framework to support themodel-driven WA testing defined in section 3. It provides two ways to build the model of the tested WAs: forward and reverse modeling.Figure 2 shows MDWATP’s architecture. It is developed as Eclipse Plug-in. The Modeler takes in charge of customizing, building, visualizing and saving test models. The Tester is responsible for recoveringthe WANM, generating test cases and executing test.Figure 2. Architecture of MDWATPThe Modeler and the Tester are separated to make MDWATP more extensible and flexible. The Modeler is an independent Eclipse plug-in which implements two kinds of extension mechanisms of UML2: MOF and Profile. Therefore the Modeler not only implements meta-models defined in section 3, but also can specify any other models extended from UML2. And for the other test models, the Tester in MDWATP could be replaced independently.4.1 ModelerThe Basic Framework of Model Editor is the core of the Modeler . It implements common functions of the Modeler , including interpretation and processing of user input, configuration of interface, connection with the Static Semantic Module and definition and checking of abstract syntactic, edit operations and geometrical relations.The Static Semantic Module contains the definition of meta-models. In MDWATP, all the meta-models defined in section 3 are implemented in this module . The Definition Unit of Model and Editor consists of a meta-graph library, a model editor definition file and an interface description file. The interface description file defines the main interface of the modeleditor. When a model editor is running, this information would be loaded to create the corresponding model editor. After the model editor is loaded, all of the predefined models in the Static Semantic Module could be created and edited.The Model Storage is responsible to save all of the generated models in database.4.2 TesterThe Tester semi-automatically recovers the WANM, generates test cases, and automatically executes testing.The Spider and the Parser in the Tester abstract navigation and form information from HTML pages. Because some client pages are dynamically created on server based-on user input, the WANM couldn’t be adequately retrieved only by the Spider and the Parser . Therefore, MDWATP offers two means to extend the WANM. Firstly, HTML elements defined in the WANM could be manually added and edited. Since developers know well of the result page that will be generated after a form is submitted, they can extend the model directly. Secondly, user could input data for the form in client page and let the Tester extends the WANM automatically base-on the input data. The generated models are visualized and saved by the Modeler .Figure 3 demonstrates an example of WANM. The WA under testing is a digital library. The first two columns of client pages and forms contained in them are recovered by the Tester . The filled square nodes stand for server pages. The client pages P , A, Welcome, History and Error are directly added into this model by user through the Modeler . The two Search Results client pages are generated automatically after the Check Form is input and submitted to server.The Test Case Generator in the Tester generates test cases based-on the WANM. Paths in WANM could be covered to generate test cases. And the Test Case Generator supports to record the user’s clicking action on the WANM. The test data needed for test case could be selected from data pool. And the expected result is edited in an arbiter view.Figure 3. Demonstration of a WANMFigure 4 depicts a test case model generated by recording the sequence of user clicks on the WANM shown in figure 3. Firstly, the Home Page was accessed. Then the hyperlink of My Account on the Home Page was clicked. After the User Info form was inputted by the data selected from its data pool and submitted to server, Error page was returned. Finally, the History page was accessed by inputting its URL in a browser. The data in the first square brackets on each message describes the mode of page transfer. And in the second square brackets, the data briefly shows the expected results after the action is executed. For example, “Please log in…” would be presented in the History page, if it was accessed before the correct user nameand password were input.Figure 4. Demonstration of a test case modelTest scripts would be automatically generated from test cases, and executed by the Execution Engine based-on the test deployment model and the test control model. Finally, all test results distributed in different computers are collected, and shown by a test report while appended to test case models. Figure 5 and figure 6 show examples of a test deployment model and a test control model designed in a deployment model editorand a control model editor respectively.Figure 5. Example of a test deployment model The test deployment model depicted in figure 5 contains a test center (TestServer ), three test nodes (NuoLi, JiWu and PC Server ) and three test scripts. TestServer controls the execution process and collects test results.Figure 6. Demonstration of a test control model Figure 6 shows the execution flow of the three test nodes. The test scripts deployed on NuoLi and JiWu would be parallel executed. Then the PC Server would be invocated when both of the execution on NuoLi and JiWu finished.Figure 7 shows the execution result of the test case shown in figure 4. The results are also modeled and take similar form of the original test case. The rectangle on each lifeline displays the test results ofeach step in the test case. And the last one is the final test result of the test case.Figure 7. Demonstration of a test result model5. ConclusionsA serial of models for MDT of WA is defined and a framework supporting them is presented in this paper. The framework supports building tested WA model and test case model by a semi-automatic procedure, enables testers to design test deployment model and test control model, and implements distributed test execution. It is designed as Eclipse plug-in, and separated into a tester and a modeler. The tester and the modeler are independently. The modeler not only supports to build the test models defined in this paper, but also could specify any other models extended from UML2.Compared with the TPTP and the MDT package of Haifa, MDWATP focuses on WA’s testing, allows user to define meta-models, and offers a more friend user interface. MDWATP supports the transition of models. If the WANM changes, the others will automatically updated.Since MDWATP is still under development, more work is needed to enable testing majority of real WAs. The automatic generation of test data is still a difficult problem. The log files in server may be utilized to help the generation of test data. Furthermore, rules can be concluded to help user to modify model for test cases generation.References:[1] R.Hower, Web Site Test Tools and Site Management Tools, /qatweb1.html. Last modified in January 28, 2006./Referenced in February 21, 2006.[2] Model Driven Testing Tools Whitepaper. IBM Haifa Research Laboratory. 2003-07-31 /projects/verification/mdt/papers/MDTWhitePaper.pdf [3] J.Conallen, “Modeling Web Application Architectures with UML”, Communications of the ACM, Vol.42, No.10, 1999, pp. 63-70.[4] L. Baresi, F. Garzotto, and P. Paolini, “Extending UML for Modeling Web Applications”. Proceedings of the 34th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. IEEE Computer Society, Maui, Hawaii, 2001.[5] J. Li, J. Chen, and P. Chen. “Modeling Web Application Architecture with UML”, Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Technology of Object-Oriented Languages and Systems, IEEE Computer Society, Xi’an, 2000, pp. 265-274.[6] G. A. Di Lucca, A. R. Fasolino, F. Faralli, and U. De Carlini. “Testing Web Applications”, Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Software Maintenance (ICSM 2002), Maintaining Distributed Heterogeneous Systems, IEEE Computer Society, Montreal, 2002, pp. 310-319.[7] D. C. Kung, C. H. Liu, P. Hsia, “An object-oriented web test model for testing Web applications”, Proceedings of the 1st Asia-Pacific Conference on Quality Software, IEEE Computer Society, Hong Kong, 2000, pp. 111-120.[8] G. A. Di Lucca, A. R. Fasolino, F. Faralli, and U. De Carlini, “WARE: a tool for the Reverse Engineering of Web Applications”, Proceedings of the Sixth European Conference on Software Maintenance and Reengineering, IEEE Computer Society, Budapest, 2002, pp. 241-250.[9] F. Ricca and P. Tonella, “Analysis and Testing of Web Applications”, Proceedings of the 23rd IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering, IEEE Computer Society, Toronto, Ontario, 2001, pp.25-34.[10] UML 2.0 Testing Profile Specification. OMG Adopted Specification. 2003-08-03.[11] Eclipse Test & Performance Tools Platform Project. /tptp/. Last modified in September 15, 2005/ Referenced in February 21, 2006.[12] Meta Object Facility (MOF) 2.0 Core Specification. OMG Adopted Specification. 2003-10-04[13] N. Li, J. Wu, M.Z. Jin, and C. Liu. “The Design of a Web Application Testing Model”, Acta Electronica Sinica, l33 (12A), 2005, pp.2376-2380.[14] A. Hartman and K. Nagin, “The AGEDIS Tools for Model Based Testing”, Proceedings of the ACM/SIGSOFT International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis, ACM 2004, Boston, 2004, pp. 129-132.。
高考英语外刊阅读训练之阅读理解人工智能如何改变教育讲义
23年高考英语外刊阅读训练——阅读理解：人工智能如何转变教育——改编自How Artificial Intelligence Is Changing Education AI, or artificial intelligence, has bee increasingly prevalent in everyday life. Programmers code and "train〞puters to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as visual recognition, artificial speech, and problem solving. AI algorithms work behind the scenes to customize ads and content online, and natural language processors interact and respond with users in a conversational manner. AI chatbots are now widely available and can be used for a variety of purposes such as customer service and generating sales leads.One example of an AI that may help protect individuals is “Take It Down,〞a bot developed by Meta to help teenagers remove unauthorized photos from the internet. While there are concerns about AI bots collecting data and invading privacy, AI automation can save time and improve efficiency in many areas, including this task that would otherwise take hours to perform manually.The current generation of AI chatbots still face limitations in fully simulating human emotions and attending to nuanced language cues in human conversations. This reflects the biases and stereotypes "learned" from their creators. AI developers must continue to work on improving AI processing and linguistics for a more humanized approach.AI may also change how we approach education and tutoring. AI tutoring programs and AIassisted mental health services could provide 24/7 accessibility for students and personalized assessments for academic, behavioral, and mental health issues. However, concerns remain over the potential misuse of AI technology for cheating and plagiarism in academic settings.Despite concerns about privacy and the scifi notion of AI robots taking over, AI will continue to open up new discoveries in all aspects of life. This technology carries both risks and benefits, but if used with care, it can bring positive developments while avoiding risks to livelihoods and privacy.【重点词汇】1. AI /ˌɑːtɪˌɪnˈtelɪdʒəns/ n. 人工智能，人工才智2. artificial /ˌɑːrtɪˈfɪʃl/ adj. 人造的，人工的3. intelligence /ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns/ n. 智能，才智4. programmer /ˈprəʊɡræmər/ n. 程序员，编程者5. code /kəʊd/ v. 编码，编程6. train /treɪn/ v. 训练，培育7. puter /kəmˈpjuːtə(r)/ n. 计算机，电脑8. visual /ˈvɪʒuəl/ adj. 视觉的，视力的9. recognition /rekəɡˈnɪʃn/ n. 认知，识别10. speech /spiːtʃ/ n. 语音，演讲11. problemsolving /ˈprɑːbləmˌsɑlvɪŋ/ n. 解决问题的力量12. algorithm /ˈælɡərɪðəm/ n. 算法，计算方法13. customize /ˈkʌstəmaɪz/ v. 定制，定做14. content /ˈkɒntent/ n. 内容，名目15. online /ˈɒnlaɪn/ adj. 在线的，联网的16. natural language /ˈnætʃrəl ˈleŋɡwɪdʒ/ 自然语言17. processor /ˈprəʊsesə(r)/ n. 处理器，处理机18. interact /ˌɪntərˈækt/ v. 相互作用，相互影响19. conversational /ˌkɑːnvəˈseɪʃənl/ adj. 对话的，会话的20. chatbot /ˈtʃætˌbɒt/ n. 谈天机器人21. available /əˈveɪləbl/ adj. 可获得的，可得到的22. customer service /ˈkʌstəməˈsɜːvɪs/ 客户效劳23. generate /ˈdʒenəreɪt/ v. 生成，产生24. sales lead /seɪlz liːd/ 销售线索25. protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 爱护，防护26. unauthorized /ˌʌnˈɔːθəraɪzd/ adj. 未经授权的，越权的27. image /ˈɪmɪdʒ/ n. 图像，形象28. privacy /ˈpraɪvəsi/ n. 隐私，保密29. automation /ˌɔːtəˈmeɪʃn/ n. 自动化，自动化掌握30. emotion /ɪˈməʊʃn/ n. 情感，心情31. nuanced /ˈnjuːɑːnst/ adj. 微小的，差异的32. cue /kjuː/ n. 示意，信号，提示33. bias /ˈbaɪəs/ n. 偏见，偏向34. stereotype /ˈsteriətaɪp/ n. 刻板印象，陈规旧习35. approach /əˈprəʊtʃ/ v. 接近，靠近36. education /ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃn/ n. 教育，教学37. tutor /ˈtjuːtə(r)/ n. 导师，辅导员，家庭老师38. mental health /ˌmentl ˈhelθ/ 心理健康39. accessible /əkˈsesəbl/ adj. 可得到的，可进入的40. selfpaced /self peɪst/ adj. 自我调整的，自学的【阅读理解练习题】1. What is the main purpose of "Take It Down"?A. To help teenagers remove unauthorized photos fromthe Internet.B. To collect data and invade privacy.C. To simulate human emotions in AI chatbots.D. To generate sales leads.答案：A中文解析：题目问的是“Take It Down〞的主要目的是什么，依据文章其次段第一句可知，“T ake It Down〞是Meta开发的一个机器人关心青少年从互联网上删除未经授权的照片。
新高考全国卷2025届高三英语下学期5月冲刺考试试题一
（新高考，全国卷）2025届高三英语下学期5月冲刺考试试题（一）留意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选岀每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
考试时间100分钟，满分120分第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
AHave you ever imagined having a museum all to yourself, just like in the movie starring Ben Stiller? Well, maybe not quite that exact experience. The American Museum of Natural History has been bringing arts, culture, and education to the public since 1869. Though its doors are currently closed, you can still visit the amazing exhibits from the comfort of your own home.The museum offers virtual tours, live learning, and countless resources for kids and families of all ages. Mark your calendars! This Thursday at 2P ET on the American Museum of Natural History Facebook page, there will be a Facebook Live event that features a pre-record tour of the Hall of Human Origins guided by anthropological Ashley Hammond. Get a special tour of this popular exhibition hall and hear about early human relatives, including Lucy, the most famous Australopithecus parenthesis.Every Tuesday and Thursday at 2 PMEST, you can hop on a Live Virtual Museum Tour with a museum tour guide or expert to explore a featured exhibit via Facebook Live. Missed Tuesday's Hall of Planet Earth Tour on Tuesday? You can go back and check out the previous tours posted to Facebook earlier.Looking to get out of this world? On Friday, April 3rd, head over to the museum's YouTube channel to catch a live guided tour of the universe with Director of Industrialization, Carter Em mart.Want to wander around the halls on your own? Google Arts and Culture allows you to do just that. From the 94-foot-long model of a Blue Whale in the Hall of Ocean Life to the Tyrannosaurus Rex fossil in the Hall of Saurian Dinosaurs, you have the place to yourself to explore!Go ahead and start your adventure.1.If you want to know something about human beings, we can .A.wander around the halls on your ownB.watch a Facebook Live event at 2P ET this ThursdayC.hop on a Live Virtual Museum Tour at 2 PMEST every Tues day and ThursdayD.go to the museum's YouTube channel to catch a live guided tour on Friday, April 3rd2.If you miss Tuesday's Hall of Plant Earth Tour on Tuesday, you can .A.go to Hall of Ocean LifeB.enjoy a Facebook live on ThursdayC.hop on replays posted to Facebook earlierD.ask Carter Em mart for help3.Where can you probably find this passage?A.In a magazine.B. In a history book.C. In a novel.D. In a scientific report.BWhen I left my country Trinidad and Tobago for China to study Chinese language and culture, never in my wildest imagination did I think that twenty-one years later I would still be here. Two decades is a long time, yet I often tell my friends that it feels like only two years. That is because China is an exciting place to be with lots of opportunities for begetters or those who seek adventure. It so happens that I fall into both categories.At first, I was not sure whether I would like my experience in China, so I initially planned to study for only one year when I left Trinidad for Beijing. But as fate would have it, I fell in love with China, its people, and its culture. I extended my course for another three years to learn all I could about this fascinating country, Being in China has allowed me the rare chance to meet many distinguished people. It has also allowed me to do things which I think I would not otherwise have had the chance to do.Years later, I published my first book, “The Emperor, His Bride and the Dragon Robe. " However, to my unexpected delight, this book was officially presented to China as one of state gifts. My mother, full of exhilaration, told me that it was televised on the local news. To this day, I feel highly honored. Among my to-do list is a musical play for children based on the book. Through this book and the play, I hope to share my love for China and engender in children around the world a similar love for Chinese culture.I believe people should have dreams no matter how big or small. However, most importantly, I believe that people must strive to make more opportunities for themselves to fulfill their dreams rather than wait around for a few opportunities to come along by chance. In this regard, I like to use one of Francis Bacon's quotes: "A wise man will create more opportunities than he finds. ”4.Why does two decades feel like only two years to the author?A.Because he has been seeking for opportunities and strive for his dream.B.Because China is an exciting place with lot of opportunities.C.Because he has many friends who are always with him.D.Because he has a fancy for China its people, and its culture.5.What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A.The author was certain he would fall for the experience in China.B.After studying for four years in China, the author fell in love with it.C.It was rare for the author to meet distinguished people in China.D.Being in China, the author has done things which he couldn't do in his hometown.6.What does the underlined word "engender" in paragraph 3 mean?A.Spread.B. Arouse.C. Conclude.D. Emit.7.What is the best title for the passage?A.My Love for ChinaB.My Special Experience in ChinaC.Ambition is the Key to the SuccessD.China, a Dream Man's ResortCMelanie Clap ham has spent the last three years catching images of grizzlies （灰熊） at Knight Inlet, on the B.C. coast, using small camera traps housed in metal and attached securely to the forest branches.Three years and thousands of images later, the behavioral researcher and postdoctoral student at the University of Victoria has partnered with two software developers living in Silicon Valley and a grizzly research centre in Alaska to develop facial recognition technology used to identify the bears."They don't have distinctive markings on their bodies, n said Clap ham, whose interest in this technology sprang from the need to "identify and recognize individual bears over time" as part of her behavioral research over the last 11 years.Bears grow and shrink a lot depending on the season, and their appearance changes frequently during their 20-to 25-year-long lifespans. Clap ham began to wonder if AJ. might be able to solve her problem in the same way the technology recognize people's faces.Now, she says, the open-source Bear ID software can be used and adapted by anyone and could have huge hints for understanding the animals* behaviour and avoiding bear-human encounters.In relation to the technology based on human facial recognition, Ed Miller and his partner Mary Nguyen are the software developers from California who connected with Clap ham in an online forum for conservation technology in late 2024.The pair were looking for photos of bears ”for fun" as a way to learn more about recognition software, and so they connected with Clap ham to offer their expertise （专业学问） in adapting artificial intelligence."The technology Pete using is based on the same software used to recognize humans, n said Miller, who added that human identification is far easier, as there are millions of images the software can learn from.We need lots of images of individual animals to tell the system which bear is which, ” said Clap ham, who explained "deep learning" as the process where the software trains itself to recognize certain bears more accurately with more pictures it gets. Clamshell says Beard currently has an 84 percent accuracy rate. This is especially important, given that a bear will look dramatically different throughout the year as its appearance, especially fur and weight, changes a lot.8.What is Clamp's purpose of catching images of grizzlies?A.To monitor the changes of some specific bears.B.To collect data for facial recognition technology.C.To finish his postdoctoral research.D.To meet his interest in the technology.9.What do we know about Clap ham?A.Clap ham uses Al to track bears.B.Clap ham has been in her behavioral research for about 25 years.C.Clap ham cooperates with others to identify the bears.D.Clap ham majors in software developing at the University of Victoria.10.Why did Ed Miller and his partner contact Clap ham?A.They provided her with their specific knowledge in Al.B.They wanted to know more about Al.C.They were eager to attend the online forum.D.They were using the same Bear ID software.11.What is the purpose of this text?A.To call on more people to protect grizzlies.B.To describe the living habits of grizzlies.C.To introduce the technology used to identify grizzlies.D.To record a friendship between Melanie and her partners.DCalifornia likes to think of itself as the state where the future happens, and in 2008, its voters decided the future was high-speed rail. So they approved a $9 billion bond issue to begin an incredible government infrastructure project： a bullet train connecting San Francisco and Los- Angeles, at a cost of $33 billion.For years, the optimists have imagined Californians will travel quickly, comfortably and environmentally between the state*s two major population centers. The pessimists, meanwhile, have watched the project costs a lot. At last count, the estimates had traveled up to $75 billion, even were still climbing.On Tuesday, Gov. Gavin News om （D ） in his state speech called for the state to transform the project to a less costly rail that would run through the Central Valley, which attracted voters' elsewhere attention,because what happened in California illustrates the fact that any U.S. rail project may take a risk.Distance. In other places of the world, major population centers are much closer to each other. And big cities that are reasonably close together is pretty much an essential condition for high-speed rail, which is why they have it and we don't. Imagine what it would take to build a line from New York City to Los Angeles 一 or to Chicago, Houston or Phoenix.Wealth. Of course, the United States does have a few cities that look ripe for rail. And instead of high-speed rail between these cities, we have the express, which takes eight hours to travel from Washington to Boston. Why haven't we built something better? Because truly high-speed rail needs to travel in a fairly straight line. Building newer, better, straighter rail lines would require the government to buy all the land between Point A and Point B and tear down anything that happened to be in the way. However, what's between Point A and Point B is a great deal of highly valuable real estate that will be very expensive to purchase.California displays all these problems totally. The part of the rail line that was reasonably cheap to build didn't go anywhere near where the people were ； it ran through the Central Valley where land was reasonably cheap and the lobbies wererelatively few.12.In paragraph 1, the author intends toA.prove the point of the passageB.explain a government projectC.introduce a topic for discussionD.present the background information13.What do we know about the bullet train project?A.All people are not in favor of the bullet train project.B.The cost of the project is approximately 75 billion.C.Other states have to risk building their own bullet program.D.The project will make Americans travel rapidly, cozily and environmentally.14.What mainly leads to bullet train program's failure?ernors in California tend to leave the project behind.B.The distance is the main reason to limit the bullet project in America.C.None of cities in America can afford to build a bullet train.D.Bullet train is not as popular as express in America.15.What attitude does the author hold towards the high-speed rail in California?A. Indifferent.B. Neutral.C. Negative.D. Optimistic.其次节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）依据短文内容，从短文中的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2025届人教版(2019)高中英语一轮话题复习高考题型通关练课件：话题2 学校生活
√C.Julia should overcome the fear to drive.
D.Julia was smart to deal with any trouble. 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段的“I realized that no matter how I felt about it...‘You’re stronger than you think，’ I said.”可知，当茱莉亚与保险公司 代理人打电话时，作者意识到朱莉亚长大了，应该克服开车的恐惧。
The Zem is the second zero－emission vehicle we’ve seen come out of the Eindhoven University of st year ， another team of students created the Stella Vita，a solar－powered vehicle that could travel up to 450 miles a day.We can’t wait to see what the school’s students come up with next. 【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了埃因霍芬理工大学的学生们创造出 一款名叫Zem的吸收二氧化碳的电动汽车。
高考题型通关
2.What did the doctor suggest to Julia?
A.Staying away from driving. B.Attending a driving lesson. C.Contacting the insurance agent.
高三英语期末试卷带答案解析
高三英语期末试卷带答案解析考试范围：xxx ；考试时间：xxx 分钟；出题人：xxx 姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上一、单项选择1.Environmental groups intend to _____ the pressure until the government changes the law.A ．keep upB ．make upC ．pick upD ．bring up2.By the time Jane gets home, her aunt________ for London to attend a meeting.A ．will leaveB ．leavesC ．will have leftD ．left 3.--—— What’s up ,Mary?——I’m worried about the interview I had yesterday.—— ,and let’s keep our fingers crossed and hope for the best. A ．Come on B ．No wonder C ．Get ready D ．No problem 4.23. — Let’s discuss the qu estion raised last night, shall we? — There is no hurry for that. I___for a conference.A ．headedB ．was headingC ．am headingD ．have headed 5.Between 1918 and 1938, many new stations were constructed,__________ was designed by an architect named Charles Holden.A ．the most famous of whichB ．the most famous of themC ．the most famous of whomD ．and the most famous of which6.In addition to his traditional medical treatment, he tried to put himself in situations______ would bring about positive emotions. A ．which B ．where C ．whyD．as7.The teacher stressed again that the students should not ______ any important details while retelling the story.A．leave off B．leave out C．leave for D．leave over8.—What's wrong with him? He seemed upset.—He had to give up his drawing, not because he wanted ________ that way but because he had to be.A．thisB．oneC．itD．such9. for the boy to talk with his mouth full!A．What bad manners they areB．How bad manners they areC．What bad manners it isD．How bad manners it is10.There is a common belief among them ________ rubbish can should be put to good use.A．which B．what C．whether D．that二、完形填空Of course, she wasn't really my aunt and, out of fear, I never called her that to her face. I only ____ to her as "My Aunt Fannie" because it always made my father chuckle and my mother look ____ at both of us—at me for being _____ of my elder and at my father for _____ my bad behavior.I ____ both reactions so I grasped every opportunity to work the name into as many conversations as possible.As a young woman, my mother had worked in the _____ of a large Victorian farmhouse owned by Fannie Cratty and her twin brother, Farnsworth. They represented the ____ of the Cratty line. Neither had married ____ had any living heirs(继承人) and my father once told me in a whisper that it was because they were both too ____ to share their family wealth. During those years my mother helped Aunt Fanny make the best blueberry jam ever ____ by anyone in Glenfield. She was noted for her jam and for never ____ the recipe with anyone else. ____ my mother knew the recipe by heart, as long as Aunt Fannie was alive, she ____ made the jam without Ms. Cratty in our kitchen to direct the process and preserve the secret.One year, after I had been particularly helpful with the jam process Aunt Fannie gave me a ____ and then made me promise that I would never spend it. " ____ this quarter," she said, "and some day you will be rich. I still have my very first quarter given by my grandfather." It hadobviously ____ for her. So I followed her advice.I now have the blueberry jam recipe and the quarter from Aunt Fannie. In people's eye Aunt Fannie's ____ was attributed to that secret recipe. But to me, it was just a ____ recipe. However, I keep them as ____ to holdfirmly the valuable things in life. Money can make you feel rich for a while, but it is the relationships and the memories of time spent with friends and family that truly leave you wealthy. And that is a ____ that anyone can build.11.A．called B．thought C．regarded D．referred12.A．coldly B．severely C．delightedly D．politely13.A．disappointed B．disagreeable C．disrespectful D．dissatisfied14.A．encouraging B．scolding C．forcing D．pushing15.A．hated B．respected C．treated D．enjoyed16.A．barn B．kitchen C．yard D．garden17.A．beginning B．start C．end D．glory18.A．nor B．and C．but D．yet19.A．proud B．generous C．strict D．mean20.A．ever B．never C．still D．yet21.A．quarter B．bill C．note D．cheque22.A．Hold back B．Hold up C．Hold onto D．Hold out23.A．sorrow B．success C．schedule D．signature24.A．regulations B．reflections C．reminders D．rewards25.A．future B．fortune C．fantasy D．favor 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分；满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。
译林版高中英语学案选择性必修第二册精品课件 Unit 4 素养培优练(二)
4. What can we learn from the last paragraph?( )
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2024·湖南长沙一中校考) One night I decided to spend some time building a happier and closer relationship with my daughter. For several weeks she had been . .5. . me to play chess with her, so I suggested a game and she eagerly . .6. .. It was a school night, however, and at nine o’clock my daughter asked if I could . .7. . my moves, because she . .8. . to go to bed;she had to get up at six in the morning. I knew she had strict bedtime, but I thought she ought to be able to . .9. . some of this strictness. I said to her, “Come on, you can . .10. . late for once. We’re having fun.” We played on for another fifteen minutes, during which time she . .11. . her fingers on the chessboard.
高二英语数学建模方法单选题20题
高二英语数学建模方法单选题20题1. In the process of mathematical modeling, "parameter" means _____.A. a fixed valueB. a variable valueC. a constant valueD. a random value答案：A。
解析：“parameter”常见释义为“参数”，通常指固定的值，选项 A 符合；选项B“variable value”意为“变量值”；选项C“constant value”指“常数值”；选项D“random value”是“随机值”，在数学建模中“parameter”通常指固定的值。
2. When building a mathematical model, "function" is often used to describe _____.A. a relationship between inputs and outputsB. a set of random numbersC. a single valueD. a group of constants答案：A。
解析：“function”在数学建模中常被用来描述输入和输出之间的关系，选项 A 正确；选项B“a set of random numbers”表示“一组随机数”；选项C“a single value”是“单个值”；选项D“a group of constants”指“一组常数”。
3. In the context of mathematical modeling, "optimization" refers to _____.A. finding the best solutionB. creating a new modelC. changing the parameters randomlyD. ignoring the constraints答案：A。