高中英语Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestarsPeriod5UsingLanguage导学案(无答案)新人教版必修3
高中英语 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars 【美文阅读】关于大地起源的神话有许多许多，你了解多少呢？The sky and the earth were at first one blurred entity(混沌整体) like an egg. Then Pangu was born into it. The separation of the sky and the earth took eighteen thousand years. The yang which was light and pure rose to become the sky，and the yin which was heavy and murky(黑暗的)sank to form the earth. Between them was Pangu, who went through nine changes every day, his wisdom greater than that of the sky and his ability greater than that of the earth. Every day the sky rose ten feet higher, the earth became ten feet thicker, and Pangu grew ten feet taller. Another eighteen thousand years passed, and there was an extremely high sky, an extremely thick earth, and an extremelytall Pangu. After Pangu died, his head turned into the Five Sacred Mountains(Mount Tai, Mount Heng, Mount Hua, Mount Heng, Mount Song), his eyes turned into the moon and the sun, his blood changed into water in river and sea, his hair into grass. In all, the universe and Pangu combine in one.【诱思导学】1．Do you agree on the forming of the universe？Give your reasons.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．What kind of people is Pangu in your eyes?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 1.No，I don't agree.Because the scientists have already found out how the universe formed.2．I think Pangu is very great and determined.He is a hero.Period ⅠPreviewing(教师用书独具)●教学目标本课时主要是通过学生对学案所给出的内容的学习，了解本课文中所出现的词汇，初步了解课文以及相关的背景知识，就下一堂课对课文的全面理解起到一个铺垫作用。
高中英语 Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Strenuous exercise can often do more________(有害)than good.2．Opportunities________(存在)in our company for experienced engineers.3．What he said________(使困惑)me.4．There was a shortage of________(氧气)at the top of the mountain.5．The________(氛围)over dinner was warm and friendly.6．Water was f________to the development of life.7．This kind of plant m________very quickly in warm weather.8．The social s________needs to be improved.9．If you are right, my m________will be less than on the earth because the moon is smaller and I will be able to move more freely.10．V________crime is only one of the maladies affecting modern society.答案：1.harm 2.exist 3.puzzled 4.oxygen 5.atmosphere6．fundamental 7.multiplies 8.system 9.mass 10.ViolentⅡ.完成句子1．既然已做完了作业，你可以去玩会足球休息一下。
________ ________you've finished your homework, you can go and play football to have a rest.2．没有什么可以阻止我爱她。
【高二】Unit 4 Astronomy：The science of the stars
【高二】Unit 4 Astronomy：The science of the starsUnit 4 Astronomy：The science of the stars1. spreadvt.&vi. 展开,铺开;散布;扩大;延伸The bird spread its wings. 那只鸟展开了翅膀。
Flies spread disease. 苍蝇传播疾病。
常用结构:spread sth. with sth. 用……抹/涂/铺……spread ...on ...把……抹/涂/铺在……be spread for摆好（桌子）准备spread oneself\[口\]舒展四肢(躺下)spread out张开，伸开，铺开，展开，伸长高手过招单项填空Paper making began in China and to Europe.(2021•12•河南郑州检测)A. SpreadB. grewC. CarriedD. developed解析:选A。
句意为：造纸术起于中国，又传播到了欧洲。
spread传播。
2. methodn. 方法He has introduced a new method of teaching.他引进了一种新的方法。
What is the most effective method of birth control?控制出生率的最有效的方法是什么？联想拓展by this means=in this way=with this method用这种方法易混辨析method/meansmethod侧重“理论方法”，指做某事的具体步骤或程序。
a new teaching method一种新的方法means（单复数同形）侧重“通过手段”或“利用工具”去达到某种目的。
高手过招选词填空(method/means)（原创）①The quickest of travel is b y plane.②She has a very scientific of dealing with political problems.答案：①means②method3. harmfuladj. 有害的常用结构:do sb. harm/do harm to sb. 对某人有害mean no harm 无意伤害别人;没有恶意harm one’s image/reputation 损害某人的形象/名声do more harm than good 弊大于利There is no harm in (sb.?s) doing sth.=It does no harm (for sb.) to do sth. (某人) 做某事无害处 be harmful to 对……有害harm n.&v. 损害，伤害Smoking is harmful to your health. 吸烟有害健康。
高中英语 Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars Par
记一记
break down
(机器)出故障；(计划)失败；(谈判)破裂；(化学)分解；(身
体；精神)垮掉
break up 解散；驱散；打碎；分手
break into 闯入；破窗而入；突然发作
break in 闯入；打断
break off (使)断开；中断
break away from 摆脱；脱离
4．watch out for ... 当心……
第一部分
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars
Part Ⅲ Integrating Skills
自主预习晨背
考点高效学练
语篇随堂训练
自主预习晨背
归类识记 课—动词
①__cr_a_s_h___碰撞；坠落 ②_p_u_l_l____拉；拖
[归纳拓展] (1)feel its gravity pulling us 是“feel＋宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补由现在分词短 语充当。现在分词(短语)作宾补时可表示主动及动作正在进行。
(2)as strong a pull as the earth's 是 as...as...结构。as...as...意为“像……一 样……”，其中第一个 as 是副词，第二个 as 是连词。as...as...在否定句中可改为 so...as..., as...as...结构的具体形式如下：
as＋adj./adv.＋as as＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋as as much＋不可数名词＋as as many＋可数名词复数＋as
①His bedroom is not as neat as his elder sister's. 他的卧室没有他姐姐的整洁。 ②She is as good a teacher as her mother. 她和她妈妈一样是位好老师。 ③You've made as many mistakes as I have. 你犯的错误和我犯的一样多。
高中英语 Unit 4《Astronomy the science of the stars
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the starsTeaching goals 教学目标1 Target language目标语言a重点词汇和短语gravity, by chanceb重点句子I heard about how the idea of gravity has developed over a long period of time.Pick out the information and draw lines from the list to where the things are on the suit of the astronaut.2 Ability goals 能力目标Enable the Ss to understand the different ideas about gravity.Enable the Ss to have a good understanding of the force of gravity in order to enjoy the stories fully and to become more involved and excited aboutstudying space and the stars.3. Learning ability goals 学能目标Enable the Ss to appreciate that the science fiction stories are imaginary but based on fact. Teaching important points教学重点Listen to the material about the detailed information about different scientists and their ideas. Complete the form , make True or False judgement and answer questions.Teaching difficult points教学难点Discuss with partners and have a debate to find out ways to solve the problems about what a spacesuit should be like.Teaching methods教学方法a. Discussionb. Listeningc Cooperative learningd. DebatingTeaching aids教具准备A recorderTeaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式Step I. RevisionCheck homework exercise.Part3 (P29):Part3 (P64):1.With the development of science and technology,people have come to depend more and more on the computer to deal with all kinds of things. 2.Now that many problems exist which cannot besolved, wars will probably break out.3.He gradually got the hang of this method ofresearch after many years’ practice.4.The presence of that famous director cheered upall the people at the meeting.5.We should find some ways to prevent the harmfulgas from spreading.6.He is already exhausted. We should lessen hispain instead of disappointing him.Step II. Listening (Using language)1.The Ss will hear different ideas about gravity of three scientists, and then fill in the blanks. T: Have you heard of Isaac Newton? How much do you know about him?S1: He’s English.S2: He set up an idea which is called “gravity”. T: What’s his idea about?S3: Gravity made everything fall back to the earth.T: Have you heard of Albert Einstein?S4: Yes. He’s a Jew. And he’s famous for his Theory of Relativity.T: How much do you know Stephen Hawking?S5: Sorry, not very much. I know him just from the passage on Page64,Workbook..T: It doesn’t matter if you don’t know them much. Today we’ll get more information about them. Turn to Page30. Go through Part1 quickly.2.Listen to the tape three or four times and pause where it’s necessary. Then check the answers with the whole class.T: Are you ready? Let’s listen for the first time. Please pay attention to the date.(Play the tape.)T: Have you got the answers?S1: Yes. Isaac Newton lived from 1642 to 1727. Albert Einstein lived from 1879 to 1955. StephenHawking was born in 1942.T: Let’s listen to the tape again. Please pay attention to the idea.(Play the tape again.)T: Have you got the answers?S2: Yes. Isaac Newton: Everything falls back to the earth because of a pull called gravity.S3:Albert Einstein: Gravity is different in space.S4: Stephen Hawking: Black holes would eat stars and they may also push stars out into space.T: Excellent answers! Have you got other information? Or, What was their gravity about?S5: Newton’s gravity is about earth.S6: Einstein’s idea about gravity was about universe.S7: Hawking’s idea was about black holes.T: I think we’ve solved this problem. Now readfour sentences in Part2, decide which the best idea is. If you are not sure, we will listen to the tape for the last time.(After play the tape.)T: Which one is the best?S8: No.3.T: Why No.3? What’s wrong with the other three? S9:Our listening passage didn’t mention how three men made mistakes. It only mentionedthat other scientists found they made mistakes.So No.1 is not correct.S10:No.2 is not true because the three scientists wanted to explain how the universe worked andnot how it began..S11:No.4 is too general and it doesn’t give enough details.T:Your explanations are enough. So we choose No.3. Then turn to Page62, Listening.Step III Listening (WB P62)1.Part1.T: Who’s Yang Liwei?S1: He’s our hero who traveled into space on October15,2003.T: What’s the name of the spaceship?S2: Shenzhou V.T: Do you know what education and experience you need to become an astronaut?S3: No.T: OK. Now we’ll listen to a conversation between Yang Liwei and a reporter. First, go through the six sentences in Part1. Now listen to the tape. (After listening)T: Have you got that? Now read the sentences and tell us True or False. If it’s not true, correct it.Ask students to read them and check the answerswith the whole class.Answers: FFTTTT2.Part2.T: Now focus your attention on Part2. Then we’ll listen to the tape again..Play the tape and pause when the students need to write information down. Then collect answers.3.Part3.First ask Ss to talk about the answer. If necessary play the tape again for Ss to check the answer. Answers: 1.There’s a special seat to throw him out of the space rocket if things went wrong.There are also a special door for another space rocket to rescue him2.The answer can be different.Step IV Listening Task (P65)T: Do you want to have a space walk?S: Yes, of course..T: But you know it’s dangerous, and it needsa great deal of practice. You should also weara spacesuit. The spacesuit needs someequipment. Do you know each part of theequipment?S: We’re not clear.T: Now listen to the tape. Then you’ll get it. Play the tape twice or three times to finish Part1 and 2.Key to Part1: CKey to Part2: 1.oxygen can (on the back) 2.water system (the part of the suit coveringthe body) 3.gravity boots (on the feet)4.left engine (on the left side)5.rightengine (on the right side) 6.tool kit(on the waist, at the back)Step V HomeworkToday we have listened to three materials. After class, you should listen to them again and sum up what you have learnt from them. For the homework, think about a question: What needs to be an astronaut?。
高中英语 Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars课件
答案：①by turns ②by turns/in turn ③in their turn ④take turns to
8．(教材原句 P27)How life began on earth is one of the biggest puzzles that scientists found hard to solve.
7．(教材原句 P26)Thus they have，in their turn， become the most important animals on the planet.
于是，他们接着成为这个行星上最重要的动物。
归纳拓展 in turn 依次；轮流；相应地；转而；反过来 by turns 轮流；交替 take turns to do sth 轮流做某事 It's one's turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事
【考点警示】 exist 没有被动语态和进行时。
即学即练
用上述词语填空。 ①One cannot ________ without air. ②He thought that if he couldn't see something, it didn't ________ . ③You may be stuck with a miserable ________ for the rest of your life. 答案：①exist ②exist ③existence
④I was very interested in the lecture，________many of the students.
答案：①dislikes ②unlike ③disliked ④unlike
4．(教材原句 P26)What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.
高中英语 Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars Sec
Section Ⅲ Using LanguageⅠ.单词拼写1．She has a degree in biology(生物学)．2．An apple falls down because of gravity(重力)．3．The moon is a satellite(卫星)of the earth.4．He is a lovely boy，very gentle(温和的)and caring.5．He is a physicist(物理学家)of the first rank.6．Some plants will not grow in a cold climate(气候)．7．The plane crashed(坠落)mysteriously near the island.8．Another spaceship(宇宙飞船)has been sent up recently.9．A small crowd attempted to pull(拉)down a statue.10．When you're tired of swimming，just float(漂浮)for a while.Ⅱ.语法填空1．(安徽高考改编)—I get at least half an hour of exercise almost every day.—Oh great！Keep it up.解析：考查情景对话。
句意：——我每天至少要锻炼半个小时。
——哦，好极了！坚持下去。
keep it up“坚持下去〞。
2．Since the house price in the city may be as high as we can't imagine，I suggest that we rent an apartment to live in first.解析：考查原级比拟。
句意：这个城市的房价既然高到我们很难想象的那样，我建议我们先租套公寓住着。
高中英语Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the starsreadi
教材分析和教材重组教材分析本单元的主要内容是边缘科学、地球生命的起源，万有引力、黑洞和太空旅行等天文学知识。
通过本单元的学习，培养学生对科学的兴趣，激发学生探究科学的热情。
1. Warming Up部分共有三组问题，第一组问题引导学生讨论边缘科学(Frontier Science)，即以两种或多种学科为基础而发展起来的科学。
例如，生物化学是以生物学和化学为基础的边缘科学。
第二组问题探讨科学研究的方法。
第三组问题让学生思考要成为真正的科学家所必须掌握的技能。
2. Pre-reading部分主要让学生弄清楚什么是科学思想，什么是宗教信仰或文化传统。
学生总喜欢听故事或讲故事，在探讨生命的起源的科学道理之前，让学生交流一下有关宇宙的起源的种种传说，既有趣味性，又能调动学生的相关知识，激活学生的思维。
3. Reading部分讲述了地球上生命的起源。
水的形成使得地球有别与其他星球，它使得地球上生命的诞生成为可能。
科学家认为，地球上的生命首先诞生于水中，上百万年后，陆地上才长出绿色植物，随后出现了陆栖动物和水陆两栖动物。
最初的动物靠孵化繁衍后代，后来出现了哺乳动物，人类也随之诞生了。
文章最后讲述的现象发人深省：The earth may become too hot for the lives on it.它关系到地球上生命的未来。
4. Comprehending部分通过四个选择填空题检测学生对本文核心问题的理解：地球上生命的起源和延续需要哪些条件?随后通过排序的方式帮助学生弄清本文的行文线索，也就是地球上生命的起源和发展历程。
最后提出两个问题，考查学生的深层理解和推断能力。
5. Learning about Language部分首先通过英文解释帮助理解课文中的生词，然后，通过短文填空、词语分类等形式将这些词语用于一个相关的情境中。
语法部分也是采用先发现后应用的学习方法。
先通过到课文中找句子，让学生认识主语从句，然后，设置一个用手机发短信息的情境，让学生进行简单句与主语从句之间的转换练习。
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Unit4 astronomy: the science of the starsPeriod 5 Using Language学习目标:1.培养快速查读的能力；2. 体会科学探险之乐趣，引起学生对科学的热爱之情；3. 了解构词法的基本知识；4. 掌握重点词汇的的用法。
学习重点：培养合作学习，自主学习的能力。
学习难点：培养英语思维，快速获取信息和用英语表达的能力。
预习案I. 添加正确的前缀或后缀构成新词。
II. 重点短语完形 1．cheer____________高兴起来；振作起来 ____________干杯2．now____________既然3. ___________ out 爆发III. 阅读 A Visit to the Moon , 完成下面短文。
Last month I visited the moon with my friend. Before we left, I was told the force ofg_________ would change three times on our journey. Then we took off. As we left the earth,I became very h_________. Gradually the weight l__________. When I was in space, itd__________. We f_______ weightlessly in the cabin and I c_____ _______. When I was on themoon, I was surprised to find out even walking needs lots of practice n_______ _______ gravity changed. The returning of the earth was very f_________. We were amazed to watchfire b_________ _________ on the outside of the ship.探 究 案Language Points 1. Last month I was lucky enough to have a chance to make a trip into space with my friend Li Yanping, an astronomer.上个月我有幸得到一个机会同我的朋友，一位宇航员李彦平一道去太空旅行。
enough 的用法:1）用作代词：作主语或宾语。
You have done more than enough. 你已做得够多了。
I have had enough. Thank you. 我吃的已经够多的了，谢谢。
2）形容词作定语：enough用在名词前、后都可以。
I have enough time to do the work.I have time enough to do the work. 我有足够的时间做此项工作。
3）用作副词修饰形容词或副词表示程度: enough一般放在形容词或副词的后边。
long enough, easy enough, fast enough, quickly enough等。
The boy is old enough to go to school. 这孩子到上学的年龄了。
He couldn’t run quickly enough to catch up with the cat. 他跑的速度太慢，追不上猫。
4）用作副词修饰动词时也需放在动词之后。
The meat is not cooked enough. 肉炖得不够熟。
2. Then we were off. 随后我们就启程了。
be off 出发；动身（=set off）；休息，不上班Sorry, I must be off now. 抱歉，我得走了。
I am off today. 我今天不用上班。
We are off today. 今天我们不上班/今天我们不开张。
与off相关的短语:see...off 送行 kick off 踢球 shut off 关闭 get off 下车 take off 脱下turn off 关闭 pay off 付清；还清 jump off 跳下 give off 散发 show off 炫耀3. ... , we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earth’s gravity.pull v. 拉，拖，拔；移动 n. 拉，拖；牵(引)力You push and I pull.你来推，我来拉。
I felt a pull at my sleeve and turned round.我觉得有人扯我的袖子，便转过身来。
常用结构:pull in 进站停靠，驶向路边（或某处）停靠pull out 离站，（时）摆脱困境pull on 匆忙穿上（衣服），戴（手套），穿（袜子）pull off 匆忙脱（衣服、鞋等）pull through 恢复健康pull up 停车，停住pull down 拆毁即学即练：用适当的介、副词填空①The train pulled __________.火车到站了。
②Workers pulled __________ t he old building.工人们拆毁了旧房子。
③I helped my best friend pull __________.我帮助我最好的朋友渡过了难关。
4. When we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us, but it will not be as strong a pull as the earth’s.当我们更接近月球时, 就会感到月球的引力在拉我们。
但是, 月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。
get close to 靠近，接近，指动态变化 be close to 距......近，指状态The school is close to the post office.与get相关的短语:get along 相处融洽，进展等 get down to开始认真对待，开始认真考虑 get on 上车get through到达；通过；办完，花光(钱、时间等) get to 到达 get over 越过，克服即学即练：用get down to; get on; get through; get to; get over; get up 填空。
1). Don’t talk too much. Let’s ________________ working.2). Hurry up, or we’ll be late to _________________ the bus.3). It’s easy to ____________ the difficulty.4). I have _______________ a lot of papers.5). She managed to ___________ the village.5. I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin... 我立刻高兴起来，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去......cheer vt. & vi. (使)高兴、振奋；(对)欢呼The crowd cheered loudly as the Queen appeared.女王出现时群众高声欢呼。
He was greatly cheered by the news.他听到这个消息非常高兴。
常用结构:cheer sb. on为某人加油cheer (sb.) up（使某人）更高兴；（使）振奋起来联想拓展：cheerful adj.高兴的 cheerless adj.不高兴的；阴冷的高手过招用cheer相关短语的适当形式填空①Your visit has greatly ______ him up.②The crowd the runners as they started the last lap.③You look as though you need up.6. But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。
[方法规律]倍数的表达方式①“A＋V + 倍数＋as＋形容词或副词的原级＋as＋B”，表示“A是B的多少倍”。
②“A＋V + 倍数＋形容词或副词的比较级＋than＋B”，表示“A比B大(长、高、宽等)多少倍”。
③“A＋V + 倍数＋the size/height/length/width/depth... ＋of＋B”，表示“A是B的多少倍”。
④“A＋V + 倍数＋what从句”This tree is three times as tall as that one.His father is twice as old as he.The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River. 长江差不多比珠江长两倍。
The number of students in our school is three times larger than that in theirs. 我们学校的学生数量比他们学校的多三倍。
The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one. 新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。
The newlybuilt museum is three times what it was .这座新建的博物馆是原来的3倍大。
即学即练：This table is twice bigger than that one.＝This table is __________________that one.＝This table is __________________that one.这张桌子是那张的3倍大。