余志远《英语国家概况》(2015年版)教材的配套题库(第十四章 美国经济Economy)【圣才出品】
余志远《英语国家概况》(2015年版)教材的配套题库(第二十三章 爱尔兰共和国(Ⅰ) 国土和人民La
第二十三章爱尔兰共和国(Ⅰ)国土和人民Land and PeopleⅠ.Multiple choices1.It was said that Christianity was introduced into Ireland by______.A.the VikingsB.the NormansC.Brian BoruD.Saint Patrick【答案】D【解析】基督教是五世纪时由Saint Patrick传到爱尔兰的。
2.In1541,______declared to be the king of Ireland,the first English monarch to do so.A.HenryⅧB.Queen Elizabeth IC.William of OrangeD.JamesⅡ【答案】A【解析】1541年，亨利八世自称爱尔兰国王。
这是英国皇室第一个封此称号的国王。
3.Arthur Griffith developed a new political party in the period1905—1908known as______.A.Irish Republican BrotherhoodB.United IrishmenC.Sinn FeinD.Home Rule【答案】C【解析】亚瑟·格里菲斯于1905至1908年间创办了新芬党，“新芬”在爱尔兰语种是“我们自己”的意思。
4.In1916the Irish Volunteers and the Irish Citizen Army staged a rebellion against British rule,recorded in history as______.A.the Easter Rising of1916B.the Home Rule campaignC.the Fenian movementD.the national agrarian movement【答案】A【解析】复活节起义发生在1916年4月24日，是爱尔兰民族主义者反抗英国统治的一次起义。
英语国家概况精讲系列chapter 14~22
chapter 14(14章）population.Race and Ethnic groups 必背细节1.The United States of the American is the third most populous county in the world after Chind and India.美国是世界人口第三大国，仅次于中国和印度。
2.Immigration accounts for a major source of population growth,The United States has a more or less open-door policy to immigtants from independence until 1960s.Ellis Island of New York was an important immigration recep tion spot in the 1890s and at the turn of the century.19世纪末20世纪初，纽约的埃利斯岛是一个重要的移民入境接待点。
3.Almost 20 million people or 7.8% of the total population were immigrants in 1992.Between 80% and 90% of immig ration to the United States now is from Asian and Hispanic countries.如今美国移民的80%到90%主要来源于亚洲和拉美国家。
4.Arizona,Nevada,and Florida have been the fastest growing states in population for the last 20 years.在过去的二十年里，亚利桑那，内华达和佛罗里达是人口增长最快的州。
英语国家概况课后习题(附答案)
物流 11401 帅旭东英语国家概况课后习题（附答案）Chapter 1Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F).— F— 1.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.— T —2.The Severn River is the longest river of Britain ,which originates in Wales and flows through western England.— F— 3.Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language.— F— 4.In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the secondlargest part of Britain.— F— 5.Although the climate in Britain is generally mild ,the temperature in northern Scotland often falls bello w-10℃ in January.— T —6.The majority of the people in Britain are descendantsof the Anglo--Saxons.— T —7.The Celtic people were the earliest known inhabitants of Britain.— F— 8.English evolved into what is now described as Modern English from the late 16th century.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The two main islands of the British Isles are—A—A.Great Britain and IrelandB.Great Britain and ShcotlandC.Great Britain and EnglandD.Great Britain and England2.—B—is the capital city of Scotland.A.BelfastB.EdinburghC.LondonD.Cardiff3.Among the four parts of the United Kingdom,— D—is the smallest.A.EnglandB.ScotlandC.WalesD.Northern Ireland4.English belongs to the — C—group of the Indo- European family oflanguages.A.CelticB.NormanC.GermanticD.Roman5.The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of -—D—words to English.A.Danish and FinnishB.Dutch and GermanC.French and Italiantin and Greek6.The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the—A—influence.A.NormanB.DutchC.GermanD.Danish7.Samuel Johnson‘s dictionary was influential in establishing astandard form of—C— .8.At present,nearly —C—of the world‘s populations communicate inEnglish.A.halfB.a quarterC.one thirdD.one fifthⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.Why do tourist from all over the world like go to Scotland?2.How many periods can the development of the English language bedivided intoand what are they?3.Why did English become more important after the Black Death?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.Who are the British people?2.What is Standard English?Chapter 2Ⅰ.Read the following statements and decide whether they are true(T) or false(F).— T —1.Birtish history before 55 BC is basically undocumented.th— T —2.The Anglo Saxon came to Britain in the 5 century.— F— 3.The chief or king of the Anglo Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.— T —4.The Viking began to attack the English coast in the th8century.— T —5.Henry Ⅱ built up a large empire which included England and most of france.— F— 6.The Magana Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and townspeople.— F— 7.The Hundred Years‘War was a series of wars fought between the British and the Vikings for trade and territory.— T —8.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth Ⅰactually defended the fruit the Reformation.Ⅱ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The —D—attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC.CelticD.Germanic2.By the late 7th century, —D—became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo Saxons ChristianityC.Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity3.The—C—marked the establishment of feudualism in England.A.Viking invasionsB. signing of the Magna CartaC.Norman ConquestD.adoption of common law4.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule —ofC—A.the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster5.The direct cause ofor the Reformation was King Henry Ⅷ ‘s effortto—A—.A.divorce his wifeB.break with RomeC.support the ProtestantD.declare his supreme power over the church6.The English Civil War broke out in1642 between—B—A.the Protestant and the PuritansB.the Royalist and the ParliamentarianC.the nobles and the peasantsD.the aristocrats and the Christians7.—A—was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A.The Bill of RightsB.The Act of SupremacyC.The Provisions of OxfordD.The Magna Carta8.The Industrail Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middleof the —C—century.A.17thB.18thC.19thD.20thⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What were Queen Victoria‘s major achievements?2.What were the two camps in the World WarⅠ?3.Why did Britain cooperate closely with the Uinited States after World War Ⅱ?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What were the results of the Industrail revolution in Britain?2.Explain the rise and fall of the British Empire.Chapter 3Ⅰ.Read the following statements and decide whether they are true(T) or false(F).— T —1.Conventionsare regarded less important than the statutory law in the working of the England government.— F— 2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.— F— 3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the house of all government powers.— F— 4.The British Parliament is the law making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.— F— 5.The members of the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.— T —6.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the minority party in Parliament.— F— 7.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.— T —8.The legal systems in England ,Wales,Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law,orgalizations and practice.Ⅱ. Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The British government is characterized by a division of powersbetween three of the following branchs EXCEPT the—C—.A.judiciaryB.legislatureC.monarchyD.executive2.The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on—D—.A.passing billsB.advising the gowernmentsC.political partiesD.public attitude3.As a revising chamber ,the House of Lords is expected —toB— the Houseof Commons.A.rivalplementC.criticizeD.inspect4.— A— is at the center of the British political system.A.The CabinetB.The House of LordsC.The House of CommonsD.The Privy Council5.The main duty of the British Privy Council is to— B—.A.make decisionsB.give adviceC.pass billsD.supervise the Cabinet6.Generally speaking,the British Parliament operates on —a B— system.A.single partyB.two partyC.three partyD.multi party7.The politices of the Conservative Party are characterized bypragmatism and—D—.ernment interventionB.nationalization of enterprisesC.social reformD.a belief in individualiam8.In Britain,the parliamentary general election is held every—C— years.A.threeB.fourC.fiveD.sixⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What are the three functions of the House of Commons?2.What kind of public image does the Liberal Democrats have in Britain?3.Why are independent candidates unlikely towin in the general elections? Ⅳ .State your understanding of the following questions.1.What do British electoral campaigns usually involves during theprocess of a general election?2.What is the Commonwealth of Nations?Chapter 4Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F).— T —1.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.— T —2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.— F— 3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent.— F— 4.Thatcher‘s revolution turned out to be agreat success in dealing with all the British economic and social problems.— T —5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair was different from that of the old Labor Party and the Conservetive Party.— T —6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in oder to separate politics from economic policy.— F— 7.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.— T —8.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The — A— in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A.oil crisisB.high inflation ratesrge importsD.unemployment problem2.Of the following practices, —C—did not belong to Thatcher‘s social welfare reform.A.reducing child benefitsB.shortening the period of unemploymentbenefits C.reducing unemploymentD.lowering old age pension3.The Blair government was successful in the following aspect EXPECT —D—.A.limiting government spendingB.keeping inflation under controlC.reducing unemploymentD.reducing inequality4. Britain has devoted about—C— of its land area to agriculture.A.50%B.60%C.70%D.80%5.Britain ‘s important fishing areas include all the following EXCEPT— D— .A.the North SeaB.the English ChannelC.the area around the Irish coastD.the sea area between Britain and Ireland6.Coal mining industry in Britain provides —B— of the energy consumedin the country.A.one thirdB.one fourthC.one fifthD.two thirds7. The car industry in Britain is mostly— A—.A.foreign ownedB.state ownedC.joint ownedD.privately owned8.Of the following sectors in Britain, —C—has experienced spectaculargrowth since the end of the World WarⅡ.A.agricultureB.the energy industryC.the service sectorD.the manufacturing industryⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What was the negative aspect of Thatcher‘s reform in the early 1980s.2.What are the charactoristics of Britain‘sagriculture?3.What happened to Britain‘s beef industry in the mid 1990s?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What were the major causesof Britain ‘s relative economic decline in thepostwar period?2.Why do developed nations like Britian encourage the development of the service industry?Chapter 5Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F).— F— 1.The Britain government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.— F— cation inBritain is compulsory for all children between the ages of6 and 15.— F— 3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the states system and the independent system.— T —4.When children finish their schoolingat 16,they are required to take a national GCSE examination.— T —5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.— F— 6.The Times is the world oldest Sunday newspapers.— F— 7.The BBC World Service broadcast only in English throughout the world.— T —8. Some British holidays are celebrated to mark important events in the Christian calendar,and some others are related to local customs andtraditions.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.In Britain,the division between grammer schoolsand vocational schools was ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in —theD —.A.1930sB.1940sC.1950sD.1960s2. Over—C—of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independent system.A.5%B.6%C.7%D.Partially funded 8%3.Partially funded by central government grants,most of the British universities receive the remaining funds from all the following sources EXCEPT —B—.A.tuition feesB.loansC.donationsD.corporate contributions4.To be admitted to the Open University, one needs—B—.A.some educational qualificatonsB.no educational qualificationsC.the General Certificate of Education Advanced level.D. the General Certificate of Secondary Education5. Among Britain ‘s quality press,the following newspapers are regarded asthe ―Big Three‖EXCEPT —C— .A.The TimesB.The GuardianC.The ObserverD.The Daily Telegraph6.Life On Earth is a kind of —C—program produced by the BBC is popularworldwide.A.radioB.dramaC.documentaryD.soap opera7. —D—is Britain‘s top pay television provider.A.BSBB.SkyTVC.BBCD.BSkyB8.The following Christmas traditions are particularly British EXCEPT —A— .A.Trooping the ColorB.the Queen‘s Christmas messageC.Boxing DayD.the Christmas pantomimeⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What used to be the major functions of grammer schoolsand vocational schools in Britain.2.What kind of subjects do British comprehensive schools provide?3.In what ways do British universities enjoy complete academic freedom?4.What role does the media play in Britain leisure culture?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What are the general features of Britain‘s independent schools?2.What are the ―Quality Press‖and the ―tabloids‖in Britain?Chapter 6Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F).— F— 1.The Canterbury Tales is representative work of the old English period.— T —2.The Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classic works.— T —3.As a great English peot,Alexander Pope also translated Homer‘sIliad.— F— 4.Jhonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language,and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.— F— 5.William Wordsworth amd Sumuel Taylor Colerdge brought the Romantic Movement to its height.— F— 6.Lord Byron distinguished himself by the musical quality of his short poems,such as―Ode to the West Winds‖.— F— 7.Jane Austen is a well known novelist of the stream of consciousness school.— T —8.Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism,which prevailed before World War Ⅱ.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance—isB—.A.poetryB.dramaC.novelD.pamphlet2.—C—is viewed as Romantic poetry‘s―Declaration of independence‖.A. ―I Wonder Lonely as a Cloud‖B.Don JuanC.The preface to Lyrical BalladsD.Prometheus Unbound3.Of Dicken‘s novels,— B—is considered most autobiographical.A.A Tale of Two CitiesB.Davied CopperfiedC.Oliver TwistD.Great Expectations 4.th—D—is a representative of English Critical Realism in the turn of the 19century.A.Robert Louis SetevensonB.John MiltonC.Joseph ConardD.Thomas Hardy5.Of the following books,—C—is NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A.Jude the ObscureB.Tess of the d‘UrbervillesC.Adam BedeD.The Return of the Native6.—A—is not included in the modernist group.A.Oscar WildeB.Virginia WoolfC.William Bulter YeatsD.T.S.Eliot7.Of the following writers, —B— is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A.Samuel BeckettB.James JoyceC.William GoldingD.V.S.Naipual8.Waiting for Godot is written by—A— .A.Samuel BeckettB.Geroge OrwellC. William GoldingwranceⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.What are the three catergries of Shakespeare‘s plays and their representatives?2.What is Critical Realism?th3.What are the two new literary trends prevailing at the end of 19 century?4.What is the stream of consciousness?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What is Romanticism?th2.What are the characteristics of English literauture in the 20 century?Chapter 7Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F).— F— 1.The Republic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island of Ireland.— F— 2.The earliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from Europe.— F— 3.In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part of Britain.— T —4.In the 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic, but belonged to the British Commonwealth of Nations.— F— 5.Ireland ‘s economy wasn‘t affected by World War Ⅱ because it remained neutral during the war.— F— 6.In 1949, Britain recognized the independence of the Irish Republic and returned the six northern counties.— F— 7.English is the only official language in Ireland becausethe majority of people speak it as their mother tongue.— T —8.Catholicism in Ireland is more than a mere matter of private faith, but of public identity.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.th1. --B-- established a unified Irish culture and language in the 6century BC.A. Hunter-gatherers from BritainB. Celtic tribesC. British invadersD. The Vikings2.Divergent views about --C--resulted in the Irish Civil War.A.the Act of UnionB.the Unilateral Declaration of IndependenceC.the Anglo-Irish TreatyD.the Anglo-Irish Agreement3.--C---was the first Irish President to visit Queen ElizabethⅡ .A. Eamon de ValeraB. John A. CostelloC. Mary RobinsonD. Albert Reynolds4.---D--brought Anglo-Irish relations to a new height.A. The British recognition of the Irish RepublicB.The signing of the Downing Street Declaration C.The signing of the Belfast AgreementD. The IRA ‘s formal declaration of the disarmament in 20055.In Ireland, the head of state is--B---A. the Prime MinisterB. the PresidentC. the British monarchD. the General Governor6.---C---has been the dominant party in Ireland since 1930s and supportspeaceful reunification of the island of Ireland.A. Fine GaelB.The Labor PartyC. Fianna FailD. The Progressive Democrats7.Emigration in Ireland started since the --A--A. medieval periodB. 17th centuryC. Great Potato FamineD. early 18th century8. Ireland now has a --B-- economy.A. agriculture-basedB. knowledge-basedC. industry-basedD. foreign investment-basedⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.Why was Cork given the nickname―the Rebel County‖?2.Who were the first groups of people that came to Ireland?3.Why did Ireland remain neutral in World War Ⅱ？Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What is the significance of the following documents: the Act of Union, the Anglo-Irish Treaty, the Anglo-Irish Agreement and the Belfast Agreement?2. What are the goals of the main political parties in Ireland?Chapter 8Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F).— F— 1.The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachian Range hold one-third of the country‘s continental territory.— T —2.The climate in the United States can be classified as temperate, with some mild subtropical and tropical zones.— T —3.A 50-centimeter rainfall line runs through the middle of the United States.— T —4.New York is composed of five boroughs, including Manhattan, Brooklyn, the Bronx, Staten Island and Queens.— F— 5.San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world-famous Hollywood is located here.— T —6.During the 1830s and the 1840s, many Northern Europeans and Irish immigrants came to America.— T —7.Almost half of the immigrants coming to the United States in the 1980s were Asians.— T —8.Basic American cultural values are freedom, equality and desire to work hard for a higher standard of living.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The U.S. lies in --B--North America, with Canada to the north, Mexicoto the south, the Atlantic to its ----and the Pacific to its -----.A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, west, east2.The continental United States has--C---states.A. 50B. 49C. 48D. 353.The state of --A--- is the largest in area of all the U.S. states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida4.The longest river in the U.S. is ---B---A. the Missouri RiverB. the Mississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Lake Itasca5.Some of the world-famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MITare located in--C--.A. the SouthB. the WestC. New EnglandD. the Midwest6. San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego all belong to --D--A. MontanaB. UtahC. MaineD. California7.The Immigration Act of 1924 restricted further immigration into theUnited States, particularly from--A----.A. EuropeB. AsiaC. AfricaD. South America8.The characteristics of the dominant American culture are--D-A.English-speaking, Northern European, Roman Catholic andmiddle-classB.English-speaking, Western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC.English-speaking, Northern European, Protestant and upper-classD.English-speaking, Western European, Protestant and middle-classⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.How is the American population distributed?2.Why was the Immigration Act of 1924 instituted?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.Why is the United States regarded as ―amelting pot‖and a ―salad bowl‖?2.What do you think is the best way to help assimilation in amulticultural society?Chapter 9Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are ture(T) or false (F).— T —1.American was named after Amerigo Vespucci,who arrived on the new continent after Columbus.— F— 2.The Second Continental Congress was held in Phiadelphia,and the Continental Army and Navy was established under the command ofThomas Jerfferson.— T —3.The Amemrican Civil War not only put an end to slavery,but also make American a single,indivisible nation.— F— 4.Most American people approved of the Vietnam War.— T —5.In1990,American troops and the troops from allied nations took joint military action in order to drive Iraqi troops out of Kuwait.— F— 6.According to the American government,Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden were responsible for the terrorist event on Septemble11,2001.— T —7.The Bush administration regarded Iraq a nation among the ―axis of the evil‖.— F— 8.On March 20,2003,American and United Nations‘troops, supposed by several other countries,began an invasion of Iraq.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The first successful English conoly in North America was founded at—C—in—— .A.Jamestown,LouisianaB.Boston, MassachusettsC.Jamestown,VirginiaD.Plymouth,Gergia2. The Seven Years‘War occurred between—C—.A.the French and the American IndiansB.the French and the SpanishC.the French and the BritishD. the British and the American Indians3. ―No taxation without representation‖was the rallying slogan of—D—.A.the settlers of VirginiaB.the people of PennsylvaniaC.thecolonists in New England D.the people of the 13 colonies4.In May 1775, — B—was held in Phiadelphia and began to assume thefunctions of a provisional government.A.the First Continental CongressB.the Second Continental CongressC.the Boston Tea PartyD.the Congress of Confederation5. Abraham Lincoln issued the—C—to grant freedom to all slaves.A.Declaration of IndependenceB.ConstitutionC.Emancipation ProclamationD.Bill of Rights6.The policy of the United States was —A—at the beginning of the twoWorld Wars.A.nuetralityB.full involvementC.partial involvementD.appeasement7. President — C— introduced the NⅡew Deal to deal with the problemsof the Great Depression.A.WilsonB.TrumanC.RooseveltD.Kennedy8.The Vietanam War was a long time suffering for Americans,and itscontinued throughout the terms of president—D—.A.Johnson,Nixon and FordB.Truman,Eisenhower and KennedyC.Kennedy,Johnson and NixonD.Eisenhower,kennedy and Johnson Ⅲ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.Why did American change its policy and enter World WarⅡ ?2.What were Nixon‘s well known contributions during his presidency?3.What were the measure of Reagans ‘economic program?Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.What was the course of the American Civil War?2.What made the United States a powerful country by the end of World War Ⅱ?Chapter 10Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are true(T) or false (F).— F— 1.The Bill of Right was written into the Constitution in 1787.— T —2.The form of the American government is based on three main principles: federalism, the separation of powers and respect for the Constitution and rule of law.— F— 3.The US Congress consists of two houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords.— T —4.The judicial branch of the US federal government consists of a series of courts: the supreme court, the courts of appeals and the district courts.— F— 5.The Democratic Party is conservative in terms of its ideology.— T —6.The American presidential campaignsadhere to the ―winner-takes-all‖practice.— F— 7.The American foreign policy throughout World War 2 was neutrality.— T —8.The American foreign policy during the Cold War period was containment and intervention.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.The US.Constitution came into effect in–B--A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D.17932.The Constitution of the United States --C--A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power tothe presidentC. tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD.gives the most power to the Supreme Court3.The Bill of Right –B--A. defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB.guarantees citizens of the US specific individual rights and freedomC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has norelationship with the Constitution.4.The terms for a Senator and Representative are __D_ and ___ yearsreapectively.A. 2;4B.2;3C. 2;6D.6;25.All the following can make legislative proposals EXCEPT –C--A. the senatorB.the RepresentativeC. the secretary of stateD. the president6.The following are all powers of the President EXCEPT CA. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC. making lawsD.issuing executive orders7.The Supreme Court is composed of __D_ justicesA.6B.7C. 8D.98. The president is directly voted into office by _C__A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and therepresentativesⅢ.Give brief answers to the following questions.1.what are the two characteristics of the us constitution?2.what are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively?3.what are the major powers of the Supreme Court?4.what are the differences between the Democrats and the Republicans in terms of political ideology.Ⅳ.State your understanding of the following questions.1.How is the American President voted into office? What are your ideas about the American election?2.what was President Eisenhower‘s foreign policy and what were the consequences?Chapter 11Ⅰ.Read the following statement and decide whether they are true(T) or false (F).— T —1.America is the world‘s largest industrial nation.— T —2.In the US Constitution ,the recognition of the importance of?intellectual property‘could be identified.— F— 3.Although slavery was abolished as a result of the Civil War, the owners of plantations in the South made more profits from selling their agricultural products.— F— 4. President Roosevelt‘s New Deal had little effect in dealing with the economic crisis in the early 1930s— F— 5. The 1960s was a period of consolidation for the American business.— T —6. American agriculture exports outweigh imports, leaving a surplus in the agricultural balance of trade.— T —7. Auto production is one of the important sectors in American manufacturing industry.— F— 8. The growth and decline of the American foreign trade has little to do with the world economy.Ⅱ.Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements.1.America produces a major portion of the world‘s products in the following fields EXCEPT __C_A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals2.The modern American economy progressedfrom___ to____, and then to __C__A. a colonial economy, a handcraft economy, an industrial economyB.a farming economy, a handcraft economy, an industrial economyC. a colonial economy, a farming economy, an industrial economyD.a handcraft economy, a farming economy, an industrial economy。
余志远《英语国家概况》(2015年版)教材的配套题库(第十章 美国人口Population)【圣才出
第十章美国人口PopulationⅠ.Multiple Choice.1.Which of the following is not a characteristic of the Hispanic population in the U.S.?（北京交大2007研）A.They all speak Spanish.B.They are Catholics.C.Most of them are poor.D.They are all migrant workers.【答案】D【解析】拉美裔美国人是指来自美国本土以外讲西班牙语的移民；他们信仰天主教；失学率高，在劳动力市场上占劣势，因此大多数面临贫困问题。
Migrant Workers移民工人是指在某国工作但并非该国公民的人，选项D与事实不符，为正确答案。
2.The first blacks were brought to North America as_____.A.servantsB.slavesC.farmersD.teachers【答案】B【解析】黑人最初是作为奴隶被带到北美的。
3.Which of the following was not a true description of southern blacks’situation after the Civil War?（中山大学2008研）A.They were provided separate but equal facilities and services.B.They were second-class citizens.C.They were terrorized by the Ku Klux Klan.D.Their freedom was restricted by“black codes”.【答案】A【解析】美国内战后，黑人名义上获得了平等，但事实上地位依然很低，权利也得不到保障；他们还受到三K党的暴力威胁；从19世纪70年代开始，美国南部各州制定了《黑人法典》，对黑人实行种族隔离或种族歧视。
余志远《英语国家概况》(2015年版)教材的配套题库(第十八章 加拿大(Ⅱ) 历史、政治和经济His
第十八章加拿大(Ⅱ)历史、政治和经济History,Government and EconomyⅠ.Multiple choices1.In1896,_____took over and the country was ruled under Sir Wilfrid Laurier.A.the Conservative PartyB.the Liberal PartyC.the Labor PartyD.the New Democratic Party【答案】B【解析】1891年，保守党领导人Sir John Macdonald去世，由保守党人John Abbot继任；1896年，自由党打败保守党，Sir Wilfred Laurier成为首相。
2.In Canada,_____is the official head of the state.A.the Prime MinisterB.the QueenC.the Governor GeneralD.the Cabinet Minister【答案】B【解析】加拿大以前是英国的殖民地，属于英联邦国家，是君主立宪制。
因此，加拿大像英国、澳大利亚、新西兰等一样，女王是国家元首。
3._____were the original source of Canada’s wealth.A.Natural resourcesB.Manufacturing industriesC.Service industriesD.None of the above【答案】A【解析】自然资源是加拿大财富最初的来源。
4.Who campaigned on a promise of“no free trade”with the US,but after his party’s landslide victory,he quickly changed direction and began negotiating with the US on dismantling tariff barriers?A.Brian MulroneyB.John MacdonaldC.Pierre Elliott TrudeauD.Jean Chretien【答案】A【解析】布莱恩·马尔罗尼担任加拿大总理后，与美国谈判取消关税，加强两国自由贸易。
余志远《英语国家概况》(2015年版)笔记和课后习题详解资料
余志远《英语国家概况》（2015年版）笔记和课后习题详解关注薇公号-精研学习网-查找资料本书是余志远《英语国家概况》（2015年版）教材的学习辅导书，主要包括以下内容：1．整理名校笔记，浓缩内容精华。
在参考了国内外名校名师讲授该教材的课堂笔记基础上，复习笔记部分对该章的重难点进行了整理，因此，本书的内容几乎浓缩了该教材的知识精华。
2．解析课后习题，提供详尽答案。
本书参考了该教材的国内外配套资料和其他教材的相关知识对该教材的课（章）后习题进行了详细的分析和解答，并对相关重要知识点进行了延伸和归纳。
本书提供电子书及打印版，方便对照复习。
第一部分英国第1章国土与人民1.1复习笔记【知识框架】Ⅰ.Geographical Features1.The UK’s Geographical Location and Its Size2.Rivers and LakesⅡ.Climate1.A Maritime Climate2.Factors Which Influence the Climate3.RainfallⅢ.Plant and Animal Life1.Plant Life2.Animal Life1.Ethnic Groupsnguages3.Religion4.Urbanization5.Population Growth6.Migration Patterns【重难点归纳】1.Great Britain is made up of England,Scotland,and Wales.Together with Northern Ireland, it forms the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.2.The total population of the UK was around63million,which is the third-largest in the European Union and the22nd-largest in the world.3.The UK is a developed country with considerable economic,cultural,military,scientific and political influence internationally.4.The UK’s capital is London,and it has other major cities including,Birmingham,Liverpool, and Manchester in England and so on.1.大不列颠由英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士组成。
余志远《英语国家概况》(2015年版)教材的配套题库(第五章 英帝国的兴衰The Rise and
第五章英帝国的兴衰The Rise and Fall of the British Empire(1688-Present)Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks.1.After World WarⅡ,the first two colonies of the old British Empire that became free were______and______.（首都师范大学2008研）【答案】Jordan;India【解析】二战后，英属殖民地中约旦和印度最先获得独立。
2.British political parties date from the_____century,when the_____and the_____ parties appeared during the time of the Revolution of1688.【答案】17th;Whig;Tory【解析】英国政党始于17世纪，在1688年革命时期出现了辉格党和托利党。
辉格党人是指那些反对绝对王权，支持新教徒宗教自由权利的人。
托利党人是指那些支持世袭王权、不愿去除国王的人。
3.The Whigs and the Tories originated from the Glorious Revolution became_____ in the mid-19th century.【答案】the Liberal Party and the Conservative Party【解析】辉格党（Whigs）和托利党（Tories）源于光荣革命。
辉格党后来发展成为自由党，托利党后来发展成为保守党。
Ⅱ.Answer the following questions.1.Why did the Industrial Revolution first take place in Britain?【答案】Because Britain had some special conditions which no other country could match. These conditions are:the accumulation of capital;the development of capitalistic farming;the appearance of a labor reserve;and the expansion of markets,domestic and foreign.2.How did the Industrial Revolution exert a great influence on both British society and the world?【答案】The Industrial Revolution was not only a technological revolution but also a great social upheaval.It exerted a great influence on both British society and the world. The Industrial Revolution promoted the development of production.It began to produce large quantity of low-priced goods in a more efficient manner.New cities came into being;population increased;the home market was enlarged.The British goods almost achieved a monopoly situation in the world market.A factory system was established.Workers were employed and managers became capitalists.Two conflicting classes were born.3.How would you contrast the British Liberal and Conservative parties between 1860and1890?（对外经贸大学2001研）【答案】In Britain,two-party system has been practiced over a long period of time.In the 17th century,there emerged the Whig Party and the Tory Party.These two parties developed into the Liberal Party and the Conservative Party respectively in the mid-19th century.Then the two new parties took turns in office until the early20th century.Both of them stood for the interests of the capitalist class.However,the Liberal Party abided by liberalism and asked for free trade as well as free government,while the Conservative Party stuck to conservatism in order to meet the needs of political and economic development.4.Explain and analyze Britain’s foreign policy principles after World WarⅡ.（北外2009研）【答案】Its foreign policy is largely shaped by its participation in a number of important international institutions.More important to Britain in the day to day running of its affairs is its membership in the EU.Britain joined the European Economic Community in1973,which is now called the EU.Britain’s participation in the EU remains controversial.At the center of the controversy is the fact that it is not clear about what the EU is and what it will become.The UK has always been interested in encouraging free trade between countries and is therefore very supportive of the EU as a free trade area.Britain likes to regard the EU as a place where economic cooperation is possible and where a flow of trained personnel and goods are possible.But Britain has always been less enthusiastic about giving up its nationalsovereignty to a European government.The British foreign policy is also affected by its relationship with the United States.During World War Two,the two countries were closely allied and continued to work together closely in the postwar years,because they had many things in common about the past and the world situation.Even today,British and American policy-makers share the general ideas in many respects.However,Britain’s special relationship with the United States has gone through many ups and downs.The British are beginning to realize that their own foreign policy actions can be limited by the United States.What’s more,the contemporary foreign policy of the UK is greatly influenced by its imperial history and also by its geopolitical traits.Perhaps the most important single factor which influences British policy makers is its history.Because British lost its empire so recently,British policy makers frequently forget that Britain is not as influential as it used to be in world affairs.They tend to retain very conservative and traditional views of Britain’s role as a world power.The Britain is still tightly tied with the Commonwealth,which was set up as a forum for continued cooperation and as a sort of support network.Most of Britain’s foreign aid goes to the Commonwealth members.Another influence upon the British foreign policy is geopolitical factor.Britain is an island state,and this is considered an important psychological factor which has influenced Britain’s economic and military development.It also created a sense of psychological isolation in its inhabitants.。
余志远《英语国家概况》(2015年版)教材的配套题库(第六章 英国经济Economy)【圣才出品】
第六章英国经济EconomyⅠ.Multiple choices1.Which of the following statements is NOT true about the UK economy?A.Britain remains one of the Group of Seven large industrial economies.B.Britain has experienced a relative economic decline since1945.C.There has been a period of steady decreasing of living standards.D.Some smaller economies have overtaken the UK in terms of output per capita.【答案】C【解析】自1945年二战结束以来，英国经历了经济衰退，但是这是一种相对衰退，而不是绝对衰退。
英国比1945年更富有了，生产力更强了。
但是由于其他国家发展得更快，所以英国经济从第2位下滑至第6位。
因此，说英国国民的生活水平持续下降是不正确的。
总体上，人们的生活水平仍然在上升。
2.Which of the following was NOT the reason for the relative economic decline since1945?A.Britain did not invest in modern equipment and new products.B.Britain spent a high proportion of its national wealth on the military.C.Britain had been heavily in debt to finance the war.D.Britain had carried out the nationalization of the businesses.【答案】D【解析】为了给战争筹集资金，英国已经背上了沉重的债务，这意味着英国在进入战后阶段时已经面临严重的经济问题了。
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第十四章美国经济Economy
Ⅰ.Multiple choices
1.The first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket,in the state of______.
A.New York
B.Rhode Island
C.Connecticut
D.Georgia
【答案】B
【解析】1789年，塞缪尔·斯莱特凭记忆仿制出英国的水力纺纱机，在罗得岛（Rhode Island）建立了美国第一座棉纺厂，揭开了美国工业革命的序幕。
2.The“American system”of mass production was first used in______.
A.car industry
B.textile industry
C.firearms industry
D.agriculture
【答案】C
【解析】19世纪中叶，为适应大规模机器生产，在美国发展了一种新的生产方式，这种方式确定了现代工业化批量生产的模式和工艺，特点是：标准化产品的大批量生产；产品零件具有可互换性；在一系列简化了机械操作中使用大功率机械装置等，这就是“美国制造体系”。
怀特尼于1798年向美国政府提出了一项两年内生产一万支步枪的建议，不过这一计划11年后才完成。
对于现存的怀特尼滑膛枪的研究表明，其可互换的部件是有限的，其精度，也就是可互换的程度也是不同的。
此时的其他一些军火商也采用和发展了这一方法。
怀特尼被称为“美国制造体系”之父。
所以美国制造体系首先是被应用到了军火业。
3.The United States had the first standard paper currency in______.
A.1839
B.1880
C.1863
D.1913
【答案】C
【解析】1863年，美国国会通过财政部长提出的《国民货币法》，第一次以法律形式规定在全国范围内实行法定存款准备金制度，并发行类似于中世纪金匠黄金收据的金币券。
该券票面上印有“持有人可凭此兑取金币”的字样。
它是由美国财政部发行的、以百分之百黄金为储备的货币。
4.In which year was the United States rated No.1in terms of production capacity in the world?
A.1920.
B.1950.
C.1945.
D.1960.
【答案】C
【解析】一战结束后，通过华盛顿条约，美国确立了战后经济格局，也就是金本位制，虽然期间有经济大萧条，但英国瞬间倒退了，这一期间美国迅速膨胀，直到二战（1939年9月1日—1945年9月2日），各国削弱，只有美国独大，在二战后美国的生产力也就迅速跃居世界第一。
5.Which of the following is NOT considered as part of the service industry?
A.Banking.
B.Management consultation.
C.Airline.
D.Steelmaking.
【答案】D
【解析】一般地产业划分为三大类：第一产业（农业）、第二产业（制造业）和第三产业（服务业）。
第一产业是指提供生产物资材料的产业，包括种植业、林业、畜牧业、水产养殖业等直接以自然物为对象的生产部门。
第二产业是指加工产业，利用基本的生产物资材料进行加工并出售。
第三产业是指第一、第二产业以外的其他行业。
第三产业行业广泛。
包括交通运输业、通讯业、商业、餐饮业、金融保险业、行政、家庭服务等非物质生产部。
D项中的钢铁制造属于制造业而不是服务业。
6.The United States produces as much as half of the world’s______.
A.wheat and rice
B.cotton
C.tobacco and vegetable oil
D.soybeans and corn
【答案】D
【解析】美国共有农场207.6万个，粮食产量约占世界总产量的1/5，是世界上第一大农作物产品出口国，如：玉米332(百万吨)，世界第一位，占世界总产量比重的42.6%。
大豆70(百万吨)，世界第一位，占世界总产量比重的32.0%。
棉花21.6(百万包)，世界第三位，占世界总产量比重的17.7%。
大米(已加工)6.3(百万吨)，世界第十二位，占世界总产量比重的1.5%。
7.Which of the following is generally considered as an important institutional factor that contributed to the success of American business and industry?
issez-faire.
B.Bountiful resources.
C.Vast dimensions.
D.Entrepreneurial spirit.
【答案】A
【解析】Laissez-faire放任政策；不干涉主义。
自由放任主义反对政府对经济的干涉，并且反对政府征收除了足以维持和平、治安和财产权以外的税赋。
在放任政策下，迫于市场竞争压力过大，资本家改进技术，提高生产效率，客观上促进了科技和生产的发展。
促使生产和资本高度集中，适应了自由资本主义的发展，促进了美国资本主义的经济发展。
其他三项“丰富的资源”“广阔的疆域”和“进取精神”也是美国经济发展的重要因素，但它们不属于制度因素（institutional factor）。
8.Who has extolled the virtues of farmers?
A.Thomas Jefferson.
B.Alexander Hamilton.
C.Adam Smith.
D.Eli Whitney.
【答案】A
【解析】杰斐逊对人民群众有无限的信心，他深信普通人民的善良和判断能力，他的民主思想始终是美国人民争取进步的推动力量，他还曾热情洋溢地歌颂过美国农民的美德。
9.The latest technology that farmers have adopted is______.
A.artificial fertilizers
B.pesticide
C.tractors
puters
【答案】D
【解析】美国政府十分重视农业信息化网络基础设施建设，从20世纪90年代中期起，美国政府每年拨款15亿美元建设农业信息网络，进行技术推广和在线应用。
2007年，美国配有互联网接口的农场数量从2005年的51%上升到了55%；拥有计算机或租用计算机的农场数量从2005年的55%上升到了59%。
而“人造肥料”“除虫剂”和“拖拉机”的出现都远远早于计算机，所以农民应用的最新的科技是计算机。
Ⅱ.Fill in the blanks:
1.The first Secretary of Treasury of the United States was______.
【答案】Alexander Hamilton
【解析】亚历山大·汉密尔顿（Alexander Hamilton），美国的开国元勋之一，宪法的起草人之一，财经专家，美国的第一任财政部长。
2.One advantage of corporation over sole proprietorship and partnership is that it has______,so investors risked only the amount of their investment and not their entire assets.
【答案】limited liability
【解析】公司制企业拥有独立的法人地位和科学的管理结构，更重要的有限的责任制度，即股东以其出资额为限对公司承担责任，能使股东预先确定其投资风险，即投资者的最大风险仅限于其出资额的损失，而不至于损失自己的全部财产。
3.The best-known stock exchange is______located in______area of New York City.【答案】New York Stock Exchange,Wall Street
【解析】纽约证券交易所（New York Stock Exchange，NYSE）位于美国纽约州纽约市百老汇大街18号，在华尔街的拐角南侧。
4.A great economist in the Industrial Revolution Era was an Englishman named ______.
【答案】Adam Smith。