张奎武《英美概况》笔记及习题(工业革命、美国独立战争和法国革命)【圣才出品】
隋铭才《英语国家概况》(章节题库 第14章 第二次世界大战结束前英美国家的重大事件)【圣才出品】
第14章第二次世界大战结束前英美国家的重大事件I.Multiple Choices.1.Churchill led the country during______at the end of May,1940.A.the Battle of BritainB.the blitz of LondonC.the miracle of DunkirkD.the depression【答案】C【解析】敦刻尔克大撤退是丘吉尔是主要政绩之一，由丘吉尔亲自领导，8天内奇迹般地撤出被围困在敦刻尔克周围一小块地区的盟军33万多人。
2.Britain declared war on Germany in Aug.1914when Germany invaded______.A.FranceB.PolandC.BelgiumD.Serbia【答案】C【解析】1914年8月4日，德国入侵保持中立的比利时，比利时对德国宣战；同日，英国考虑到比利时对自己国土安全的重要性向德国宣战。
3.During World War I,on the first day of______on July1,1916,19000British troopswere killed in a day.A.the battle of MarneB.the battle of JutlandC.the battle of AmiensD.the battle of the Somme【答案】D【解析】索姆河战役第一天，英军伤亡近六万人，其中死亡近两万人。
这是因为英军以密集队形前进，遭到德军机枪和炮兵火力的严重杀伤。
II.Fill in the blanks.1.To pursue Irish independence,the most spectacular event in the Irish history was ______of1916,in which the rebels occupied Dublin’s______and forced the British to“take it back by______.”【答案】the Easter Rising；Post Office；Military means【解析】复活节起义是爱尔兰共和兄弟会组织的在1916年的复活节周期间发生的一场暴动，是自从1798年爱尔兰起义以来最重大的起义，总部设在邮政总局。
英美概况试题范围(附答案)
名词解释：1 .The Great Depression2 Industrial Revolution3 Melting Pot4. Black Death5. American Constitution1.On October 24，1929，the American stock market crashed. Billions of dollarsof paper profits were wiped out within a few hours. This led to a long economic depression.2. The Industrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequences in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and e arly 19th centuries. Britain was the first country to industrialize. The Industrial R evolution in Britain first began in the textile industry.3. Since the United States is a nation of many ethnic groups，it is also known as a “melting pot，” m eaning immigrants from different nations all over the wo rld have mixed to make up the American nation.4. Black Death was the modern name given to the deadly bubonic plague，an epidemic disease spread by rat fleas. It spread through Europe in the 14th cen tury. It swept through England in the summer of 1348 without warning. It killed many people. As a result of the plague，much land was left untended and there was a terrible shortage of labor.5. The Constitution of the United States is the basic instrument of Americangovernment and the supreme law of the land. It is the oldest written constitutionin the world. It was drawn up in 1787 and went into effect in 1789. It founded federalism and introduced checks and balances into government for the first time in history.。
余志远《英国国家概况》笔记和课后习题详解(加拿大 政府和政策)【圣才出品】
第25章政府和政策25.1 复习笔记Ⅰ. The System of Government1. The Government2. The Canadian Constitution3. Executive power4. Legislative power5. The Provincial government and territories6. Laws and courtsⅡ. Political Parties1. two-party system2. One-Party rule3. Other political partiesⅢ. The Separatist Issue in QuebecⅠ. The System of Government1. The Government(1) Canada, a self-governing member of the Commonwealth of Nations, is afederation of 10 provinces (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick,Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, and Saskatchewan) and two territories (Northwest Territories and Yukon).(2) In 1867, at the request of three British colonies (United Canada, Nova Scotia andNew Brunswick), passed the British North America Act which created a federal union.(3) The Federal Government was assigned powers in such areas as defense, customsand border control, currency and coinage, as well as criminal law in general, those areas involving the interests of the whole country.Ⅰ. 政府的组成1. 政府(1) 加拿大是英联邦自治成员国。
英美概况考试笔记
英美概况考试笔记英语国家概况The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 英国的历史分四部分:1.The Origins of a Nation2.The Shaping of the Nation3.Transition to the Mordern Age4.The Rise and Fall of the British Empire1 取关键词Origins的字头O2 取关键词Shaping的字头S3 取关键词Mordern的字头M4 取关键词Empire的字头E连起来就是OSME=O+S+ME=O(哦),S(是)ME(我)!接着每个部分的标题串在一起,用一句话来记忆.要好好记住每句话里所包括的每个字母代表的是什么标题.可以看几遍这个情景对话,熟悉了之后可以不费吹灰之力就能记住整个英国历史的线索.有了这条线,你再把主要的记忆点,象珠子一样地穿起来,这样回忆就非常容易了.可谓既见树木,又见森林.一切尽在掌握.History of UK (---O.S.M.E---) 哦（O），是（S）我（ME）O: Early settlers -> Roman Britain -> Anglo-Saxons -> the Viking and Danish Invations -> the Norman Conquest O（哦）：eravidan=era(时代)+vida(维达,女名)+n(诺曼征服)句子：（老公看着一本英语国家概况在那里自言自语）哦，原来英国的新时代是伟大的维达小姐实现诺曼征服之后开始的。
S: Norman Rule -> the Great Charter -> the Hundred Years' War with France -> the Blackdeath and the peasant uprising S(是)：ng（拼音：ng=嗯）+hb(hubby丈夫，的缩写)[N+G+H+B]句子：（老婆在看电视，漫不经心地说）是的，嗯, 老公。
《英美国家概况》终极笔记中英文对照版
新版“英语国家概况”精讲笔记Chapter 1第一章Land and People 英国的国土与人民I.Different Names for Britain and its Parts英国的不同名称及其各组成部分1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England.地理名称：不列颠群岛，大不列颠和英格兰。
2.Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.官方正式名称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
3.The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland,and hundreds of small ones.不列颠群岛由两个大岛—大不列颠岛（较大的一个）和爱尔兰岛，及成千上万个小岛组成。
4.Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wales.大不列颠岛上有三个政治区：英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。
(1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section.英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部，是最大，人口最稠密的地区。
(2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。
余志远《英国国家概况》笔记和课后习题详解(今天的新西兰)【圣才出品】
第34章今天的新西兰34.1 复习笔记Ⅰ. The Political System1. The Parliament2. The executive3. The judiciary4. Local governmentⅡ. Characteristics of New Zealand PeopleⅢ. Health Care1. Health2. Dental health3. Public health and children4. WelfareⅣ. Education1. Early childhood education2. Primary education3. Secondary education4. Rural education5. T ertiary educationⅤ. The International Marketplace1. Exports2. Imports3. Agriculture4. Crops and horticulture5. Industry6. EnergyⅥ. Culture and the ArtsⅦ. New Zealand and the WorldⅠ. The Political System(1) There is no written constitution.(2) It is contained in a large number of parliamentary statutes (laws), judiciary (court)rulings, and administrative practices.(3) New Zealand is a sovereign independent state, with a parliamentarygovernment and a constitutional monarchy.(4) Queen Elizabeth Ⅱis Queen of New Zealand as well as Britain. She isrepresented in New Zealand by the Governor-General.(5) The present Governor-General is a woman, Dame Kath Tizzard.(6) The Governor-General has very little real power, but provides continuity whengovernments change and has an important national role as representative of the monarch.Ⅰ. 政治体系(1) 新西兰没有成文宪法。
余志远《英国国家概况》笔记和课后习题详解(大不列颠和北爱尔兰联合王国 国家的起源)【圣才出品】
第2章国家的起源2.1 复习笔记Ⅰ. Early Settlers (5000 BC—55 BC)1. The Iberians2. The Beaker Folk3. The CeltsⅡ. Roman Britain (55 BC—AD 410)Ⅲ. The Anglo-Saxons (446—871)Ⅳ. The Viking and Danish InvasionsⅤ. The Norman Conquest (1066)Ⅰ. Early Settlers (5000 BC—55 BC)1. The IberiansThe first known settlers of Britain were the Iberians. At about 3000 BC during the New Stone Age, the Iberians came to Britain, probably from the Iberian Peninsula.2. The Beaker FolkAt about 2000 BC the Beaker Folk arrived from the areas now known as Holland and the Rhineland.3. The CeltsThe Celts began to arrive about 700 BC. They came to Britain in three main waves. Ⅰ. 早期的定居者(5000 BC—55 BC)1. 伊比利亚人英国最早的定居者是伊比利亚人。
大约公元前3000年，新石器时期，来自伊比利亚半岛的伊比利亚人来到了英国。
2. 宽口陶器人大约公元前2000年，宽口陶器人来到现在的荷兰和莱茵兰地区。
3. 凯尔特人公元前700年，凯尔特人来到英国。
他们分三批来到这里。
Ⅱ. Roman Britain (55 BC—AD 410)1. Julius Caesar, the great Roman general, invaded Britain for the first time in 55 BC. For nearly 400 years Britain was under the Roman occupation.2. The Romans also brought the new religion, Christianity, to Britain.3. The Romans had no impact on the language or culture of ordinary Britons.Ⅱ. 罗马统治时期(55 BC—AD 410)1. 尤里乌斯·凯撒，罗马将领，在公元前55年入侵英国。
余志远《英语国家概况》(2015年版)复习笔记和课后习题详解(第15章 美国政治)【圣才出品】
第15章美国政治15.1复习笔记【知识框架】Ⅰ.The U.S.Constitution1.The Federal system2.Separation of powers:checks and balances3.Provisions for amendment4.Bill of RightsⅡ.The Legislative Branch1.A Two-chamber Congress2.The House of Representatives3.Senate4.Functions of the CongressⅢ.The Executive BranchⅣ.The Judicial Branch1.The Supreme Court2.Courts of Appeals and District CourtsⅤ.State GovernmentⅥ.Local Government【重难点归纳】Ⅰ.The U.S.ConstitutionThe American Constitution is the oldest written constitution in the world.It was drawn up in1787and went into effect in1789.Ⅰ.美国宪法美国宪法是世界上最古老的成文宪法。
1787年制定，1789年生效。
1.The Federal systemThe Constitution set up a federal system of government which has two layers of rule.There is federal government.There are also state and local governments.1.联邦系统宪法规定了具有两层规则的联邦政府系统，包括联邦政府与州和地方政府。
2.Separation of powers:checks and balancesThe government is divided into three branches,the legislative,the executive and the judicial.And each branch can check the actions of the other branches.The three branches are thus in balance.This is called“checks and balances”.2.三权分立，相互制衡政府分为三个分支机构，即立法，行政和司法。
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第7章 工业革命、美国独立战争和法国革命 7.1 复习笔记 I. The American Revolution II. The French Revolution III. Prerequisites for the Industrial Revolution IV. The Industrial Revolution and Its Consequences 1. The Industrial Revolution 2. Its Consequences
I. The American Revolution (美国独立战争) 1. The Navigation Acts (passed in 1651) were intended to increase the prosperity of English merchants and ship builders. 1651年通过了《航海条例》，有利于英国商人和轮船制造者的发展。 2. The process (过程) ①The war broke out in April 1775. ②In October, 1777, the American army won a great battle at Saratoga, which was a turning point. ③By the Treaty of Paris in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the United States. 2 / 6
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①战争开始于1775年4月。
②1777年10月，美国军队取得萨拉托加大捷，这是美国独立战争的转折点。 ③1783年《巴黎和约》，英国承认了美国的独立。
II. The French Revolution (法国革命) 1. The French Revolution broke out in 1789 and Thomas Paine published “The Rights of Man”. 2. In 1793 Britain became the chief leader of a military alliance with Austria and Prussia against revolutionary France. 3. The allies met at the Congress of Vienna and fought for the spoils of victory. England obtained Ceylon, the-Cape of Good Hope, and a number of Spanish, Dutch and French colonies. 1. 1789年，法国革命爆发，潘恩发表《人权宣言》。 2. 1793年，英国联合澳大利亚和普鲁士，反对法国革命。 3. 盟国在维也纳分赃会议上瓜分胜利品。英国得到锡兰，好望角，以及西班牙，荷兰和法国的殖民地。
III. Prerequisites for the Industrial Revolution (工业革命的必要条件) 1. The conditions for the Industrial Revolution : ①the accumulation of capital; ②the development of capitalist farming and the appearance of a labor reserve; ③the expansion of markets, domestic and foreign. 2. Britain’s population grew fast in this period and the people were skilled in 3 / 6
十万种考研考证电子书、题库视频学习平台 圣才电子书 www.100xuexi.com
many different trades.
3. The English Parliament from 1760 to 1844 passed three thousand eight hundred Enclosure Acts. 1. 工业革命的必要条件：①资本的积累②资本主义农业的发展和劳动力储备③国内市场和国外市场的扩展。 2. 英国的人口增长迅速，人们对很多不同种类的贸易技术娴熟。 3. 1760-1844年的英国国会通过了3800项圈地法案。
IV. The Industrial Revolution and Its Consequences (工业革命和它的影响) 1. The Industrial Revolution (工业革命) ①During the latter half of the eighteenth century, The Industrial Revolution began. ②James Watt created a steam engine in 1769. In 1814, George Stephenson constructed the first successful steam locomotive. This made transportation much easier and more convenient. ①18世纪后半期，工业革命开始。 ②1769年，詹姆斯·瓦特发明了蒸汽机。1814年，乔治·史蒂芬孙发明了第一辆蒸汽机车。这使交通变得更简单而又便利。
2. Its Consequences (它的影响) ①The industrial Revolution promoted the development of production. Britain began to produce large quantity of low-priced goods in a more efficient manner. 4 / 6
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②Many new cities came into being and population increased.
③British goods almost achieved a monopoly position in the world market. ④The Industrial Revolution laid a good foundation for the “factory of the world”. A factory system was established. ⑤Workers were employed and managers became capitalists. Two conflicting classes were born. ①工业革命促进了生产的发展。英国开始更有效地生产大量的廉价商品。 ②很多新城市出现，人口有所增加。 ③英国商品在世界市场上几乎占据垄断地位。 ④工业革命为英国“世界工厂”的地位奠定了基础。工厂生产制建立。 ⑤工人被雇佣，经理成为资本家。两个对立阶级产生了。
7.2 课后习题详解 Exercise 1. Answer the following questions: 1. What do you know about the American Revolution and the French Revolution? Key: American Revolution refers to the American War of Independence. It broke out in 1775 and ended in 1783. Britain recognized the independence of the United States after the War. The French Revolution broke out in 1789. The British radicals sympathized with French revolutionists. But the British government was against them, and became the main organizer of the military alliance with Austria and Prussia. In 1815 5 / 6
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Napoleon was defeated by the allies under Wellington at Waterloo.
2. Why did the Industrial Revolution first take place in Britain? Key: Because Britain had some special conditions which no other country could match. These conditions are: the accumulation of capital; the development of capitalistic farming; the appearance of a labor reserve; and the expansion of markets, domestic and foreign.
3. How did the Industrial Revolution exert a great influence on both British society and the world? Key: The Industrial Revolution was not only a technological revolution but also a great social upheaval. It exerted a great influence on both British society and the world. The Industrial Revolution promoted the development of production. It began to produce large quantity of low-priced goods in a more efficient manner. New cities came into being; population increased; the home market was enlarged. The British goods almost achieved a monopoly situation in the world market. A factory system was established. Workers were employed and managers became capitalists. Two conflicting classes were born.