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采矿基础知识

采矿基础知识采矿概论讲义1 采矿基本知识1.1 什么是采矿矿产资源埋藏在地下，要转化为国民经济所需要的原料产品，必须通过一定的技术和手段，将其开发出来。

采矿是从地壳中将矿产资源开采出来并运输到加工地点或使用地点的行为、过程或工作（ore mining）。

1.2 开采方式矿床开采可分为露天开采和地下开采两种方式。

埋藏浅的厚大矿体多采用露天开采，埋藏深、厚度小的矿体多采用地下开采。

介于两者之间的矿体，则需要进行技术经济方案比较后才能确定用露天开采或地下开采，或上部用露天开采，下部用地下开采。

1.3 基本概念1.3.1 矿石、矿体、矿床凡是地壳中的矿物集合体，在当前技术经济水平条件下，能以工业规模从中提取国民经济所必须的金属或矿物产品的，称为矿石。

以矿石为主体的聚集体叫矿体。

矿床是矿体的总称。

一个矿床可由一个矿体或若干个矿体所组成。

1.3.2 围岩、废石矿体周围的岩石称围岩。

根据围岩与矿体的相对位置，有上盘与下盘围岩和顶板与底板围岩之分。

凡位于倾斜至急倾斜矿体上方和下方的围岩，分别称之为上盘围岩和下盘围岩；凡位于水平或缓倾斜矿体顶部和底部的围岩，分别称之为顶板围岩和底板围岩。

矿体周围的岩石，以及夹在矿体中的岩石（称之为夹石），不含有用成分或有用成分含量过少当前不具备开采条件的，统称为废石。

1.3.3 品位、边界品位、最低工业品位品位是指矿石中有用成分的含量，一般用重量百分数（%）表示，贵重金属则用g/t表示。

边界品位是划分矿石与废石的有用组分最低含量标准。

对不同种类的矿床，许多国家都有统一规定的边界品位。

最低工业品位简称工业品位，是指在当前技术经济条件下，矿物原来的采收价值等于全部成本，即采矿利润率为零时的品位。

有开采利用价值的矿产资源，其品位必须高于边界品位和最低工业品位。

1.4 矿岩力学性质硬度、坚固性、稳固性、结块性、氧化性、自然性、含水性、碎涨性是矿石和围岩的主要物理力学性质，对矿床的开采方法有较大的影响。

矿山专业术语术语

矿山专业术语地质名词：1、贫化率：矿石贫化是指，在矿山开采的穿爆铲运过程中，因废石的混入或富矿粉的损失导致矿石品位的降低。

用百分比表示，即为贫化率。

贫化率有两种算法：（1）、直接法： P=Q q×100%P 为矿石贫化率（%）；q 为采出矿石中废石混入量（吨）；Q 为采出矿石量（吨）。

（2）、间接法： P=%100⨯--Wd t d C C C C P 为矿石贫化率%；C d 为地质品位（%）；C t 为采出品位（%）；C W 为相应块段范围的围岩、夹石有益组分含量（%）。

2、损失率：在矿山设计和采矿生产过程中，地质矿量无法全部采出而损失的矿量称为矿石损失，用百分数表示即为损失率。

损失率有两种算法：（1）、直接法：%100⨯+=Dcs bs Q Q Q S S 为矿石损失率%；Q bs 为相应块段未采下矿石损失量（吨）；Q cs 为开采矿段采下矿石损失量（吨）；Q D 为开采块段应采出地质矿量（吨）。

（2）、间接法：%100)()(⨯-⨯-⨯=W d d t d t C C Q C C Q S S 为矿石损失率%；Q t 为相应块段采出矿石量（吨）；Q d 为开采矿段采出地质矿量（吨）；C d 为地质品位（%）；C t 为采出品位（%）；C W 为相应块段范围的围岩、夹石有益组分含量（%）。

3、回采率：在采矿生产过程中回收矿石量占应采地质矿量的百分比称为回采率。

回采率=（1-损失率）×100%。

4、工业品位：在目前技术、经济条件下可供工业利用的矿段或矿体的最低平均品位。

它是划分工业矿体与非工业矿体界限的标准，也是划分矿石工业品级和计算表内、表外储量的依据。

5、边界品位：是划分矿石和岩石，圈定矿体界限的有用组成含量的最低要求，是圈定矿体计算储量的重要依据。

6、工业储量：是指作为矿山建设、设计依据的储量。

7、可采储量：是指已按勘探阶段要求加密工程地段，在三维空间上详细圈定了矿体，肯定了矿体连续性，详细查明了矿床地质特征，矿石质量和开采技术条件，并有相应的矿石加工，选冶试验成果，已进行了可行性研究，包括对开采、选冶经济、市场、法律、环境、社会和政府因素的研究及相应的修改，证实其在计算的当时开采是经济的储量。

采矿相关术语

按设计要求，矿山开采、运输、处理等工艺流程生产作业贯通运转，并获取产品的时间点。 2.1.27 达产年 year of full production
矿山投产后，达到设计生产规模的年度。 2.1.28 生产进度计划 production schedule
矿山开采作业在空间、时间、数量和质量上的安排。 2.1.29 采出矿石量 mining quantity
2.1.4 露天开采 surface mining；openpit mining 从地表揭露出矿体并将其采出的工作总称。
2.1.5 露天开采矿山 surface mine；open-pit mine 从事露天开采的矿山企业，简称露天矿。
2.1.6 地下开采 underground mining 通过一系列井巷工程通达矿体并将矿石采出的工作总称。
前期采用露天开采，后期转为地下开采的开采方式。 2.1.10 地下转露天开采 mining from underground mine to open-pit
前期采用地下开采，后期转为露天开采的开采方式。 2.1.11 工作面 working face
进行采矿、掘进、剥离和排土作业的场地。 2.1.12 残矿回采 residual ore recovery
2.1.7 地下开采矿山 underground mine 从事地下开采的矿山，简称地下矿。
2.1.8 露天－地下联合开采 open-pit and underground combined mining 同一矿床范围内，既有露天开采又有地下开采，且二者在时间和空间上形成一个有机整体的开
采方式。 2.1.9 露天转地下开采 mining from open-pit to underground mine
2

采矿常见术语

采矿常见术语一、矿井1. 井口：位于地面的矿井入口，用于下井和上井。

2. 井筒：从井口向下延伸的垂直通道，连接井口和矿井底部。

3. 矿井底部：位于井筒的最底部，是矿工进行采矿作业的区域。

二、矿石开采1. 钻探：使用钻机或钻杆在地下开采矿石前进行预先定位和勘探。

2. 爆破：将炸药安置在矿石中，引爆以破碎矿石并方便后续的采集和运输。

3. 矿脉：矿石在地下形成的矿物质富集带，矿工需要找到矿脉才能进行开采。

4. 坑道：连接矿井底部的水平通道，用于运输矿石和矿工。

5. 支护：在坑道或巷道中设置支架和支撑材料，以防止坍塌和保护矿工的安全。

三、矿石处理1. 破碎：将矿石通过破碎机或破碎设备进行粉碎，使其符合后续处理的要求。

2. 磨矿：使用磨机将破碎后的矿石进一步细磨，以获得所需的粒度和浓度。

3. 浮选：利用矿石中不同矿物的物理和化学性质差异，通过浮选机将有用矿物从废石中分离出来。

4. 浓缩：将浮选获得的矿石浓缩，提高有用矿物的含量，减少废石的排放。

四、矿石运输1. 卡车：用于在矿山内部和矿山与加工厂之间运输矿石的车辆。

2. 输送带：将矿石从矿山中的一处运输到另一处的设备，提高运输效率。

3. 铁路：建设在矿山内部的铁路线路，用于长距离的矿石运输。

五、安全与环保1. 通风系统：在矿井中设置通风设备，保持空气流通，排除有害气体和粉尘。

2. 瓦斯抽采：利用瓦斯抽采设备将矿井中的可燃瓦斯抽出，防止矿井爆炸。

3. 尾矿处理：对矿石处理过程中产生的废弃物进行处理和回收利用，减少对环境的影响。

4. 安全检查：定期对矿山设备和施工场所进行安全检查，确保矿工的人身安全。

六、矿石质量与评估1. 矿石品位：矿石中有用矿物的含量，品位越高，矿石价值越高。

2. 矿石储量：矿山地下存储的矿石总量，是矿山开采能力的重要指标。

3. 矿石估价：根据矿石品位、储量和市场需求等因素进行矿石价值的评估。

以上是一些采矿常见术语的简要介绍，这些术语涵盖了矿井、矿石开采、矿石处理、矿石运输、安全与环保以及矿石质量与评估等方面。

采矿经济类术语英语

Accumulated losses 累计亏损acquirer投资主体Acquisition premium 收购溢价Administration and Corporate expenses行政管理及公司费用Administrative expenses 管理费用Asset classified as held for sale供出售资产attributable to the owners of the parent entity归属母公司的Backwardation (证券)交割延期(费)。

A situation when the cash or spot price of a metal stands at a premium over the price of the metal for delivery at a forward date.Balance sheet资产负债表Basic earnings (loss) per share 每股收益（亏损）BCM-bank cubic meter 实立方米数BCMs Mined 开采的实立方米数Beginning equity 期初权益benefits packaging 津贴方案By-Product Credits副产品收入抵扣C1 Cash Cost C1现金成本C1 Cash Margin C1现金毛利C2 Production Cost C2 生产成本C3 Total Costs C3总成本Capex as % of sales 资本支出占销售收入比例Capex- Capital expenses资本性开支capital gain tax资本利得税Capitalised mining costs 资本化的采矿成本carry forward capital losses递延资本亏损Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year期初现金及现金等价物余额Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year期末现金及现金等价物余额Cash and cash equivalents 现金及现金等价物Cash collateral for security deposit保证押金cash flow from financing 融资活动现金流量cash flow from investing 投资活动现金流量cash flow from operations 经营活动现金流量Cash flows from financing activities财务活动现金流Cash Margin 现金毛利Cashflow statement现金流量表Change in NWC 净流动资金变动Commercial / OHSE 商务/职业健康安全comprehensive income (loss) for the year本年度综合收入（亏损）Comprehensive income综合收入comprehensive loss for the year 年度综合亏损conduit 过境，导管，水管consolidate合并Contributed equity 实收资本Corporate expenses公司费用Cost of financing 融资成本Cost on disposal of exploration assets 处置勘探资产成本Current Assets流动资产Current liabilities 流动负债D&A as % of sales —Depreciation / Amortisation折旧摊销占收入的比例Deferred receivable 递延的应收款项Deferred tax assets递延应收税款Deferred tax liabilities 递延应付税款deferred tax递延税款Depreciation / Amortisation折旧/摊销Derivative financial instruments金融衍生工具（品）Derivatives and hedging activities衍生和保值活动Diluted earnings (loss) per share稀释后的每股收益（亏损）disability insurrance 伤残保险divestment 撤资dividend access share股息配方股权dividends withholding tax股息预提税Earnings (loss) per share 每股收益（亏损）EPSEBITDA-Earnings Before Interest, Tax, Depreciation & Amortisation税息折旧摊销前收入EBIT-Earnings Before Interest & Tax税息前收入economic substance经济实质Employee benefits 员工福利Ending equity 期末权益enforcement 强制执行equity funding 股权融资Equity instruments权益工具Equity 权益（股本）Existing interest expense 当前利息支出expatriate 外派人员Exploration and evaluation assets 勘探与估价资产Exploration and mine development costs 勘探和矿山开拓成本Fair value adjustments 公允价值调整Fair value 公允价值Farm-in agreement 分享协议FCF for debt repayment用于偿还债务的自由现金流Finance expense 财务支出Finance income财务收入Financial instruments财务工具Financial liabilities 财务负债financial report财务报告Franked dividends已付税股息Franking credits已缴纳税金抵扣Free cash flow （FCF)自由现金流Free dig直接挖掘Fresh 非氧化矿（硫化矿、原生矿）fringe benefits tax 雇员福利税GC drilling-Grade Control drilling品位控制钻探General site costs 现场公共成本GIC Movements生产系统中黄金量变化Goodwill 商誉Gross profit 毛利Haulage Costs运输成本Haulage运输Hedging loss保值损失Impairment of capitalised mining costs资本化采矿成本报损（坏账）Implied equity value 隐含股本价值impose withholding tax征收预提税inbound and outbound 境内和境外Income Statement 利润表Income tax (expense) benefit 所得税（费用）抵扣indemnity赔偿，补偿,赔偿金Infill Drilling 加密钻探instalments rate 分期支付额intangible assets 无形资产Intangibles 无形资产Interest and borrowing costs paid利息及借款成本支出Interest expense 利息费用Interest received利息收入Inventories 库存Issued Capital 实收资本JORC Compliant Resources and Reserves 符合JORC标准的资源量与储量jumbo 掘进钻机L/H rig -Long Hole Rig深孔钻机liabilities and equity 负债与权益Liabilities负债liable to interest withholding tax 缴纳利息预提税LOM- life of mine 矿山寿命LT investments 长期投资LTI-Lost Time Injury 误工伤害Maintenance维护修理Mandatory debt paydown 强制性债项支付Mill Operations选矿作业Mined Grade 采出品位Mined Ounces 采出盎司数Minority interests 少数股东权益Movement in fair value of financial derivatives 金融衍生品公允价值变动Movement in fair value 公允价值变动Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents现金及现金等价物净增减Net Assets 净资产Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities财务活动提供的净现金流Net cash provided by operating activities经营活动净现金流Net cash used in investing activities 用于投资活动的净现金流Net income to common 归属于集团公司的净利润Non-current Assets 非流动资产Non-current Liabilities非流动负债offset losses 抵消损失Open Cut Tonnes Mined 露天矿采出吨数Open Pit Mining 露天采矿Operex-Operation expenses 运营开支option 期权Ordinary share and convertible notes普通股与可转债Other comprehensive income其它综合所得Other non-current assets 其他非流动资产overheads 管理费用Oxide ore 氧化矿PAYG(pay-as-you-go)withholding随赚随付预提税Payment for security deposits 支付保证金payment triger 付款触发条件Payments for plant and equipment 厂房设备支出Payments in course of operations作业过程支付款项Payments in the course of operations经营活动支出payroll benefit工资福利payroll taxes 工资税PPE 固定资产PPP arrangement 公私合营安排Pre-strip 基建剥离（预剥离）Pre-tax income 税前利润priviate equity 私募股权Proceeds from borrowings 借款收入Proceeds from issue of shares 发行股票收入Proceeds on disposal of exploration assets 处置勘探资产收入Proceeds on disposal of property plant and equipment 处置固定资产收入Processing & Maint Costs选矿及维修成本PRODUCTION SCHEDULE 生产计划Profit (loss) before tax 税前利润（亏损）Profit and Loss Statement损益表Property,plant and equipment固定资产Provisions 预提quarterly instalments 季度分期支付RC drilling-Reverse circulation drilling反循环钻探real estate 不动产Receipts in the course of operations 经营活动收入Reconciliation 平衡（使一致）Rehabilitation provision 复垦预提Rehabilitation 复垦repatriate汇回Repayment of borrowings 借款偿付Reserves 准备金（资本储备）Revenue 收入Royalties （政府）权益金royalties特许权使用费Secured Note facility有抵押债券Security deposits 抵押金Senior Note 高级债Share issue costs 发行股票成本Share-based payments按股票计算的支付Shareholders equity 股东权益Site Overheads (Commercial / OHSE)现场管理费（商务/职业健康安全）Specific Gravity 容重spin-off 拆分SPI-Serious Potential Incident严重潜在事故statement of changes in equity 权益变动表Stock Movements 库存变动Stockpiles Grade 矿堆品位Stockpiles milled 矿堆选矿处理量Stockpiles Ounces 矿堆盎司数Strip ratio 剥采比tax consolidate 税务合并tax consolidation regime 税务合并制度tax litigation 税务诉讼Taxes paid 支付税款Tonnes Milled 已选矿石吨数Tonnes Mined (Fresh)采出吨数Total assets 总资产Total Current Assets流动资产合计Total Current Liabilities流动负债合计Total equity and liabilities 负债及股东权益总计Total Equity 权益总计Total Liabilities 负债总计Total Non-current Liabilities 非流动负债合计Trade and other payables 应付和其它应付款项Trade and other receivables 应收及其他应收款Transitional ore过渡带矿石twin boom jumbo 双臂掘进钻机UG Capital Development 井下资本性开拓Underground Mining地下采矿Underground Tonnes Mined 地下矿采出吨数Unfranked dividends未付税股息USD bonds 美元债券Voluntary debt paydown 自愿债项支付Waste BCM 废石实立方米数withholding tax exemption 预提税免征Write off / impairment of assets 报损资产Write off of exploration and evaluation assets and plant and equipment报损的勘探、评估资产与设备设施。

采矿术语英汉对照大全

02 采矿02.02矿山地质即在当前开采技术和经济条件下，对有开采价值的单层矿体的最小厚度要求。

在储量计算圈定工业矿体时，区分能利用(表内)储量和暂不能利用(表外)储量的标准之一。

barren 指在储量计算时，允许夹在矿体中间非工业矿石(夹石)的最大厚度。

当夹石厚度大于或等于该指标时，必须将其剔除；当夹石厚度小于该指标时，那么当作矿石一起参加储量计算。

明度、导电系数、耐热强度。

通过对相当重量的样品进展选矿、烧结、冶炼等性能的试验，了解矿石的加工工艺和可选性质，从而确定选矿、烧结、冶炼的生产流程和技术措施，对矿床做出正确的经济评价。

02.05 凿岩爆破02.303 02.304 02.305 02.306 02.307 02.308 02.309 02.310 02.311 02.312 02.313 02.314 02.315 02.316 02.317 02.318 02.319 02.320 02.321 导火索底盘抵抗线底眼电爆网络电雷管电雷管脚线电雷管点火元件电雷管桥丝电雷管电阻定向爆破顶眼硐室爆破二次爆破发射药非电导爆管辅助孔覆岩，覆土高威力炸药根底safety fusetoe burdenbottom holes, lifterselectric initiation circuitelectric cap, electric detonatorleg wire of electric detonatorfiring element of electric detonatorbridge wire of electric detonatorresistance of electric detonatordirectional blastingtop hole, back holechamber blastingsecondary blasting，boulder blastingpropellant explosivenonel tubesatellite hole, relieveroverburdenhigh strength explosivetoe, tight bottom02.322 02.323 02.324 02.325 02.326 02.327 02.328 02.329 02.330 02.331 02.332 02.333 沟槽效应光面爆破含水炸药毫秒爆破毫秒延期电雷管黑火药后冲〔糊炮〕药包缓冲爆破环形炮孔活动钻头火雷管channel effectsmooth blastingwater-bearing explosivemillisecond blastingmillisecond electric delay detonatorblack powderback breakadobe charge，mud capped chargecushion blastingring holesdetachable bitcap, blasting cap.02.342 胶质炸药 gelatine explosive 02.343 进尺 length of a pull 02.344 静态破碎剂 static breaking agent 02.345 拒爆 misfire 02.346 聚能效应cavity effect02.347 抗杂散电流电雷管 anti-stray-current electric detonator 02.348 抗水炸药 water-resistant explosive 02.349 孔壁压力 borehole pressure02.350 孔距 spacing 02.351 空气冲击波 air blast02.352 控制爆破 controlled blasting延时起爆网络联结用02.353 矿用炸药 explosive products for mining 02.354 雷管 cap, blasting cap, detonator 02.355 雷管感度 cap sensitivity 02.356 连续装药 continuous charging 02.357 连接器，连接器 connector ，MS connector 02.358 菱形布孔 echelon drill pattern 02.359 临界直径 critical diameter 02.360 裸露爆破 adobe blasting 02.361 煤矿许用炸药 permissible explosives 02.362 猛度 brisance 02.363 猛炸药high explosive...02.406 体积威力bulk strength 02.407 填塞长度collar distance02.408 02.409 无起爆药雷管线形装药no-primary-explosive detonatorstring loading02.410 硝铵炸药ammonium nitrate explosive02.411 硝化甘油炸药nitroglycerine explosive02.412 殉爆sympathetic detonation02.413 殉爆距离gap distance of sympathetic detonation 02.414 压气装药器pneumatic loader02.415 压渣爆破buffer blasting02.416 压铸起爆药柱cast primer02.417 延期电雷管electric delay detonator02.418 岩石破碎rock breaking, rock fragmentation 02.419 岩石巩固性firmness of rock02.420 岩石可钻性drillability of rock02.421 岩石磨蚀性abrasiveness of rock02.422 岩石可爆性rock blastability02.423 岩石破碎比能specific energy for rock breaking 02.424 岩石动态弹模dynamic elasticity modulus of rock 02.425 岩石动态强度dynamic strength of rock02.426 岩石波阻抗wave impedance of rock02.427 氧化物，氧化剂oxidizer02.449 柱状药包爆破column charge blasting 02.450 柱状装药column charge02.451 装药charging, loading02.452 装药车装药truck charging02.453 装药系数charging factor02.454 装药密度charging density02.455 装药不耦合系数decoupling ratio02.456 自由空间爆破free space blasting 02.457 自由面free face, free surface 02.458 钻头bit02.459 最大安全电流maximum safety current 02.460 最小准爆电流minimum firing current 02.461 最小抵抗线minimum burden02.06 井巷工程02.462 巷道roadway 指地下采矿时，为采矿提升、运输、通风、排水、动力供给等而掘进的通道。

采矿经济类术语英语

Accumulated losses 累计亏损acquirer投资主体Acquisition premium 收购溢价Administration and Corporate expenses行政管理及公司费用Administrative expenses 管理费用Asset classified as held for sale供出售资产attributable to the owners of the parent entity归属母公司的Backwardation (证券)交割延期(费)。

A situation when the cash or spot price of a metal stands at a premium over the price of the metal for delivery at a forward date.Balance sheet资产负债表Basic earnings (loss) per share 每股收益（亏损）BCM-bank cubic meter 实立方米数BCMs Mined 开采的实立方米数Beginning equity 期初权益benefits packaging 津贴方案By-Product Credits副产品收入抵扣C1 Cash Cost C1现金成本C1 Cash Margin C1现金毛利C2 Production Cost C2 生产成本C3 Total Costs C3总成本Capex as % of sales 资本支出占销售收入比例Capex- Capital expenses资本性开支capital gain tax资本利得税Capitalised mining costs 资本化的采矿成本carry forward capital losses递延资本亏损Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year期初现金及现金等价物余额Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year期末现金及现金等价物余额Cash and cash equivalents 现金及现金等价物Cash collateral for security deposit保证押金cash flow from financing 融资活动现金流量cash flow from investing 投资活动现金流量cash flow from operations 经营活动现金流量Cash flows from financing activities财务活动现金流Cash Margin 现金毛利Cashflow statement现金流量表Change in NWC 净流动资金变动Commercial / OHSE 商务/职业健康安全comprehensive income (loss) for the year本年度综合收入（亏损）Comprehensive income综合收入comprehensive loss for the year 年度综合亏损conduit 过境，导管，水管consolidate合并Contributed equity 实收资本Corporate expenses公司费用Cost of financing 融资成本Cost on disposal of exploration assets 处置勘探资产成本Current Assets流动资产Current liabilities 流动负债D&A as % of sales —Depreciation / Amortisation折旧摊销占收入的比例Deferred receivable 递延的应收款项Deferred tax assets递延应收税款Deferred tax liabilities 递延应付税款deferred tax递延税款Depreciation / Amortisation折旧/摊销Derivative financial instruments金融衍生工具（品）Derivatives and hedging activities衍生和保值活动Diluted earnings (loss) per share稀释后的每股收益（亏损）disability insurrance 伤残保险divestment 撤资dividend access share股息配方股权dividends withholding tax股息预提税Earnings (loss) per share 每股收益（亏损）EPSEBITDA-Earnings Before Interest, Tax, Depreciation & Amortisation税息折旧摊销前收入EBIT-Earnings Before Interest & Tax税息前收入economic substance经济实质Employee benefits 员工福利Ending equity 期末权益enforcement 强制执行equity funding 股权融资Equity instruments权益工具Equity 权益（股本）Existing interest expense 当前利息支出expatriate 外派人员Exploration and evaluation assets 勘探与估价资产Exploration and mine development costs 勘探和矿山开拓成本Fair value adjustments 公允价值调整Fair value 公允价值Farm-in agreement 分享协议FCF for debt repayment用于偿还债务的自由现金流Finance expense 财务支出Finance income财务收入Financial instruments财务工具Financial liabilities 财务负债financial report财务报告Franked dividends已付税股息Franking credits已缴纳税金抵扣Free cash flow （FCF)自由现金流Free dig直接挖掘Fresh 非氧化矿（硫化矿、原生矿）fringe benefits tax 雇员福利税GC drilling-Grade Control drilling品位控制钻探General site costs 现场公共成本GIC Movements生产系统中黄金量变化Goodwill 商誉Gross profit 毛利Haulage Costs运输成本Haulage运输Hedging loss保值损失Impairment of capitalised mining costs资本化采矿成本报损（坏账）Implied equity value 隐含股本价值impose withholding tax征收预提税inbound and outbound 境内和境外Income Statement 利润表Income tax (expense) benefit 所得税（费用）抵扣indemnity赔偿，补偿,赔偿金Infill Drilling 加密钻探instalments rate 分期支付额intangible assets 无形资产Intangibles 无形资产Interest and borrowing costs paid利息及借款成本支出Interest expense 利息费用Interest received利息收入Inventories 库存Issued Capital 实收资本JORC Compliant Resources and Reserves 符合JORC标准的资源量与储量jumbo 掘进钻机L/H rig -Long Hole Rig深孔钻机liabilities and equity 负债与权益Liabilities负债liable to interest withholding tax 缴纳利息预提税LOM- life of mine 矿山寿命LT investments 长期投资LTI-Lost Time Injury 误工伤害Maintenance维护修理Mandatory debt paydown 强制性债项支付Mill Operations选矿作业Mined Grade 采出品位Mined Ounces 采出盎司数Minority interests 少数股东权益Movement in fair value of financial derivatives 金融衍生品公允价值变动Movement in fair value 公允价值变动Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents现金及现金等价物净增减Net Assets 净资产Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities财务活动提供的净现金流Net cash provided by operating activities经营活动净现金流Net cash used in investing activities 用于投资活动的净现金流Net income to common 归属于集团公司的净利润Non-current Assets 非流动资产Non-current Liabilities非流动负债offset losses 抵消损失Open Cut Tonnes Mined 露天矿采出吨数Open Pit Mining 露天采矿Operex-Operation expenses 运营开支option 期权Ordinary share and convertible notes普通股与可转债Other comprehensive income其它综合所得Other non-current assets 其他非流动资产overheads 管理费用Oxide ore 氧化矿PAYG(pay-as-you-go)withholding随赚随付预提税Payment for security deposits 支付保证金payment triger 付款触发条件Payments for plant and equipment 厂房设备支出Payments in course of operations作业过程支付款项Payments in the course of operations经营活动支出payroll benefit工资福利payroll taxes 工资税PPE 固定资产PPP arrangement 公私合营安排Pre-strip 基建剥离（预剥离）Pre-tax income 税前利润priviate equity 私募股权Proceeds from borrowings 借款收入Proceeds from issue of shares 发行股票收入Proceeds on disposal of exploration assets 处置勘探资产收入Proceeds on disposal of property plant and equipment 处置固定资产收入Processing & Maint Costs选矿及维修成本PRODUCTION SCHEDULE 生产计划Profit (loss) before tax 税前利润（亏损）Profit and Loss Statement损益表Property,plant and equipment固定资产Provisions 预提quarterly instalments 季度分期支付RC drilling-Reverse circulation drilling反循环钻探real estate 不动产Receipts in the course of operations 经营活动收入Reconciliation 平衡（使一致）Rehabilitation provision 复垦预提Rehabilitation 复垦repatriate汇回Repayment of borrowings 借款偿付Reserves 准备金（资本储备）Revenue 收入Royalties （政府）权益金royalties特许权使用费Secured Note facility有抵押债券Security deposits 抵押金Senior Note 高级债Share issue costs 发行股票成本Share-based payments按股票计算的支付Shareholders equity 股东权益Site Overheads (Commercial / OHSE)现场管理费（商务/职业健康安全）Specific Gravity 容重spin-off 拆分SPI-Serious Potential Incident严重潜在事故statement of changes in equity 权益变动表Stock Movements 库存变动Stockpiles Grade 矿堆品位Stockpiles milled 矿堆选矿处理量Stockpiles Ounces 矿堆盎司数Strip ratio 剥采比tax consolidate 税务合并tax consolidation regime 税务合并制度tax litigation 税务诉讼Taxes paid 支付税款Tonnes Milled 已选矿石吨数Tonnes Mined (Fresh)采出吨数Total assets 总资产Total Current Assets流动资产合计Total Current Liabilities流动负债合计Total equity and liabilities 负债及股东权益总计Total Equity 权益总计Total Liabilities 负债总计Total Non-current Liabilities 非流动负债合计Trade and other payables 应付和其它应付款项Trade and other receivables 应收及其他应收款Transitional ore过渡带矿石twin boom jumbo 双臂掘进钻机UG Capital Development 井下资本性开拓Underground Mining地下采矿Underground Tonnes Mined 地下矿采出吨数Unfranked dividends未付税股息USD bonds 美元债券Voluntary debt paydown 自愿债项支付Waste BCM 废石实立方米数withholding tax exemption 预提税免征Write off / impairment of assets 报损资产Write off of exploration and evaluation assets and plant and equipment报损的勘探、评估资产与设备设施。

采矿英语术语

abandoned drives [ə'bændənd] [draivs] 废巷道abrasion resistance [ə'breiʒən] [ri'zistəns] 抗磨蚀能力abrasive [ə'breisiv] 磨料absorbent [əb'sɔ:bənt] 吸收剂access ramp ['ækses] [ræmp] 出入沟，出入引道accessory minerals [ək'sesəri] ['minərəls] 副矿物accidental explosion [,æksi'dentəl] [ik'spləuʒən] 意外爆炸Accumulated losses 累计亏损Acid Mine Drainage 矿山酸性废水Acidic run-off water from mine waste dumps and mill tailings ponds containing sulphide minerals. Also refers to ground water pumped to surface from mines.acid mine water ['æsid] [main] ['wɔ:tə] 酸性矿水acid resistant ['æsid] [ri'zistənt] 耐酸的acid rock ['æsid] [rɔk] 酸性岩acidite ['æsidait] 酸性岩acidulation 酸化acquirer投资主体Acquisition premium 收购溢价activated charcoal ['æktiveitid] ['tʃɑ:kəul] 活性煤activator ['æktiveitə] 活化剂adamic earth ['ædəmik] [ə:θ] 红粘土additive ['æditiv] 添加剂adhere [əd'hiə] 粘着adhesion force [əd'hi:ʒən] [fɔ:s] 粘附力Adit ['ædit] 平硐An opening driven horizontally into the side of a mountain or hill for providing access to a mineral deposit.adit collar ['ædit] ['kɔlə] 平硐口adit cut mining ['ædit] [kʌt] ['mainiŋ] 平硐开采adjustable prop [ə'dʒʌstəbl] [prɔp] 伸缩式支柱Administration and Corporate expenses行政管理及公司费用Administrative expenses 管理费用adobe blasting [ə'dəubi] ['blɑ:stiŋ] 裸露装药爆破adobe shot [ə'dəubi] [ʃɔt] 裸露装药爆破advancement [əd'vɑ:nsmənt, əd'væns-] 掘进advancing along the strike [əd'vɑ:nsiŋ] [ə'lɔŋ] [straik] 沿走向掘进Aeromagnetic survey 航磁测绘A geophysical survey using a magnetometer aboard, or towed behind, an aircraft.AFC-The armored face conveyor.工作面皮带输送机Used on the coal face of an underground mine to protect the workers and convey the coal to the crusherAgate ['æɡət] 玛瑙Agglomerate [ə'ɡlɔmərət, -reit, ə'ɡlɔməreit] 集块岩aggregate thickness ['æɡriɡət, 'æɡriɡeit] ['θiknis] 总厚度Agitation .搅动，搅拌In metallurgy, the act or state of being stirred or shaken mechanically, sometimes accomplished by the introduction of compressed air.Air Crossing- [εə] ['krɔ:siŋ] 气流交汇点A place where return air and fresh cross over but are still divided.air flow [εə] [fləu] 气流air intake [εə] ['inteik] 进气口air vent [εə] [vent] 气孔,排气口Airborne survey 航测 A survey made from an aircraft to obtain photographs, or measure magnetic properties, radioactivity, etc.airleg [εə] [leɡ] 气腿式钻机，风动钻架Alloy 合金A compound of two or more metals.Alluvium 冲积层；冲积土Relatively recent deposits of sedimentary material laid down in river beds, flood plains, lakes, or at the base of mountain slopes. (adj. alluvial).Alteration 蚀变Any physical or chemical change in a rock or mineral subsequent to its der and more localised than metamorphism.Alunite ['æljunait] 明矾石anchor bolts 固定螺栓Ancillary Equipment [ək'sesəri] [i'kwipmənt] 辅助设备ANFO 氨油炸药Acronym for ammonium nitrate and fuel oil, a mixture used as a blasting agent in many mines.angle of dip ['æŋɡl] [dip] 倾角anisotropic [ə，naisəu'trɔpik] .各向异性的Anomaly 异常状态Any departure from the norm which may indicate the presence of mineralisation in the underlying bedrock.anthracite ['ænθrəsait] 无烟煤A hard, black coal containing a high percentage of fixed carbon and a low percentage of volatile matter.anticline ['æntiklain] 背斜An arch or fold in layers of rock shaped like the crest of a wave. anticlinorium [,æntiklai'nɔ:riəm] 复背斜asbestos [æz'bestɔs] 石棉asphalt ['æsfælt] 沥青asphyxia [æs'fiksiə], suffocation [,sʌfə'keiʃən], gassing ['ɡæsiŋ] 窒息Assay 化验；分析；鉴定，测定A chemical test performed on a sample of ores or minerals to determine the amount of valuable metals contained.Assay Foot 化验尺度(metre, inch,centimetre)Assessment Work 例行评估工作The amount of work, specified by mining law that must be performed each year in order to retain legal control of mining claims.Asset classified as held for sale供出售资产associate bed [ə'səuʃi,eitid] [bed] 伴生层attributable to the owners of the parent entity归属母公司的auger drill ['ɔ:ɡə] [dril] 螺旋钻auger mining ['ɔ:ɡə] ['mainiŋ] 螺旋钻采矿法augite ['ɔ:dʒait] 辉石autoclave ['ɔ:təkleiv]: 高压灭菌器a closed strong vessel for conducting chemical reactions under high pressure and temperature.Autogenous Grinding 自磨The process of grinding ore in a rotating cylinder using large pieces of the ore instead of conventional steel balls or rods.Back [bæk] 巷道顶部The back is the roof or overhead surface of an underground opening.back fill [bæk] [fil] : 采空区充填Waste material used to fill the void created by mining an orebodybackfill cure ['bækfil] [kjuə] 回填物凝固Backhoe [bækhəu] 反铲挖土机Backwardation (证券)交割延期(费)。