EMSA 检查简介

2、检查第三国的背景
EU registered ships are often manned by seafarers who are not nationals of EU Member States. This fact needs to be taken into account when determining the best ways of ensuring that crew members on board EU registered ships are appropriately educated and trained. The EU legislation introduced a specific procedure based on which the assessment of compliance with the requirements of the International Maritime Organization's STCW Convention (Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping) by non-EU countries is conducted by the European Commission for a wider recognition of their certificates of competency by EU Member States. With the support of EMSA, the European Commission assesses seafarer certification procedures and maritime education and training (MET) establishments in non-EU countries on behalf of EU Member States and in line with the STCW Convention. All assessments take place based on a five year cycle so that, in addition to the occasional evaluation of proposed new countries, each country that has already been recognised at EU level will be inspected on a regular basis.
这和我们的习惯思维和做法不太一样，
我们审核时往往习惯于请受审方把一
个时间段内的记录统统都拿出来，自
己随意抽查一份。也即我们习惯于关
注“面”。
CMSA
检查方案（中英文）
LNMSA DMU/ SMU
检查一览表
序号 1 2
检查年份 2006 2007
检查国家数 9 8
3 4
5 6 7
2008 2009
countries in developing and implementing EU laws on maritime safety, pollution from shipping and maritime security. It also has responsibilities in the areas of preventing and responding to oil spills,
In practice, the inspections not only ensure that the STCW standards are properly implemented and applied, but also enable the inspected entities to identify areas which may need improvement. Both tasks together require 10 to 12 inspections per year to be carried out by the EMSA team. Maritime administrations and MET establishments in more than 80 countries are currently inspected, thus covering more than 90% of seafarers operating in EU waters, as well as all others operating on EU registered ships around the world.
3、检查的依据
检查的依据
• 根据经修正的《1978年海员培训、发证和书的承认”的规定，一缔约国可以承认另一缔约
国签发给船长、高级船员或无线电操作员的证书， 但需要对该缔约国进行评价，其中可包括对设施和 程序的检查，确认STCW公约有关适任标准、培训、 发证以及质量标准的要求得以完全遵守。 （国际准 则，检查和被检查的共同依据）
检查的依据
• STCW公约正文第I条“公约的一般义务”还规定，各缔约国承 担颁布一切必要的法律、法令、命令和规则，并采取一切必 要的其他措施，使公约充分和完全生效。欧盟议会和欧盟委 员会以立法的形式将STCW公约要求的检查评估成为强制性要 求，并于2008年11月19日颁布了经修订的2008/106/EC号行政 指令（on the Minimum Level of Training of Seafarers）， 规定在欧盟成员国认可某一非欧盟成员国签发的船员适任证 书前，需要接受EMSA组织的检查评估，以确保该国海员教育、 培训、考试、评估和发证以及质量标准符合STCW公约的相关 要求。
面临的压力和困惑
关系到欧盟对中国的评价，压力和责任重大；
没有任何经验可以借鉴；
EMSA是按履约要求审核，还是按照体系审核 的原则审核我们拿捏不准。 新旧公约交替时期，审核的边界难以勘划； 大体系与小体系关系如何把握；
检查的思路
检查评估思路非常清晰，时时刻刻都体现了体系闭环的 原理。检查评估的整体思路是：STCW公约要求——是否 转化为国内立法——是否纳入质量体系控制——验证相
组织机构
• B.1.3 Training of Seafarers • To conduct inspections, using a common methodology, in Member States and third countries under Directive 2001/25/EC; to maintain an information system on education, training and certification of seafarers and to assist the Commission on related matters.
关记录。
具体检查评估某一项内容时（如认可和批准航海院校的 培训课程），往往依照否有标准（工作依据）——如何 执行的——查看相关记录——是否有不足——是否采取 了纠正和预防措施——是否验证了纠正效果的思路进行
审核，找一个切入点沿着各个环节“一条线”一查到底。
检查的思路
EMSA审核员更关注“点”和“线”。
vessel monitoring and long-range identification and
tracking of vessels.
EMSA in a Nutshell：
Tagline: Quality shipping, safer seas, cleaner oceans Set up in 2002, over 200 employees
EMSA对我国履行STCW公约的检查评估简介
2013年3月25日
饶 滚 金
船员考试中心 教授级高工
1、认识EMSA
European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA) Based in Lisbon, the EMSA provides technical
assistance and support to the EU and member
Headquartered in Lisbon, Portugal Budget (2011): € 50.85m
One of 32 Agencies of the EU
• Mission Statements • EMSA's mission is to reduce the risk of maritime accidents, marine pollution from ships and the loss of human life at sea.
2010 2011 2012
8 10
11 14 6
4、检查的实施
Before travelling to a selected country, EMSA inspectors conduct a detailed analysis of the relevant national provisions adopted to implement the STCW Convention. After arriving in the country, the inspection plan involves visits to different parts of the national administrations responsible for setting-up and maintaining the maritime education, training and certification system of seafarers. Coupled with the visits to administrations are visits to the individual MET establishments. These allow EMSA inspectors to verify the system in place, including: the quality of the systems and procedures they have set in place; their operating methods and; the human resources and equipment they have assigned to the different activities.