2020年高考英语语法专项突破训练专题12-句子种类
2020高考英语一轮语法考点与训练---句子的种类附解析
How fluently she speaks English!她讲英语多么流利啊!
（2）How +形容词+ a / an +单数可数名词+主语+ be！
How careless a driver he is!
There have been great changes in China in the past several de连词，如and, but等。
Before arriving in Canada, we had made careful preparations for the camp.来加拿大之前，我们对这次训练营做了充分准备。
句型四：主语+谓语（vt.）+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（物）
常见接双宾语的动词有：answer, bring, buy, choose, do, find, get, give, hand, keep, leave, lend, make, offer, owe, pass, pay, play, promise, read, save, sell, send, show, sing, take等。
1、一般疑问句：用yes或no来回答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。其结构是：助动词+主语+谓语+其它成分。
Would you be so kind as to attend the English speech competition as a judge?请您参加英语演讲比赛并担任评委好吗？
Could you please help me polish the language and format of the application, as well as the resume attached to the letter?你能帮我修改申请信以及所附简历的文字和格式吗？
【专项突破】全国高考英语句子的种类用法讲解及练习汇总
全国高考英语句子的种类用法讲解及练习句子种类按照句子的用途，英语句子可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
按照句子的结构，英语句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
考查主要集中在以下几个方面：1. 陈述句的构成形式及基本用法；2. 祈使句的构成形式及基本用法；3. 一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句的构成形式及基本用法；4. 由what, how引导的感叹句的构成形式、用法及区别对于各种从句的用法我们在后面分别论述。
一. 陈述句的构成形式及基本用法1. 陈述句：陈述句是用来陈述一个事实或表达说话人看法（包括肯定和否定）的句子。
通常用降调，句末用句号“.”。
Tom has a new car.The flower isn’t beautiful.2. 陈述句否定式的构成(1) 如果肯定陈述句的谓语部分含有助动词、情态动词或连系动词be，则只需在这些动词后加not即可构成否定式。
(2) 如果陈述句的谓语动词是实义动词，而其中又没有情态动词或助动词时，则需根据人称和时态在该实义动词前加don’t, doesn’t或didn’t。
同时把该实义动词变为原形。
He plays the violin well.（肯定）He doesn’t play the violin well.（否定）She won the game.（肯定）She didn’t win the game.（否定）(3) 如果句子是there be结构或谓语动词是have（有），除了be和have之后加not之外，句中如果有some要变为any。
例如：There is some water in the cup. →There is not any water in the cup.He has some books. →He has not any books.二. 祈使句的构成形式及基本用法祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议、号召等的句子，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号“！”或句号“.”。
2020高考英语二轮语法精讲精练-句子的种类与类型
高考英语二轮语法词汇复习系列第八章句子的种类与类型句子是具有一定的语法结构，表达一个独立完整意义的语言单位。
高考重点要求：1.掌握感叹句的用法和构成2.掌握祈使句的构成及作用3.掌握一般疑问句、选择疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句的应答4.分清简单句和复合句的类型第一节知识点概述一、句子的类型1．句子按结构分可分为简单句、并列句和复合句简单句只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语动词（或并列谓语动词）。
例如：He likes swimming and often swims in the river. 并列句由并列连词把两个或两个以上简单句连在一起构成。
例如：I learn English and he learns French.复合句中含有一个或一个以上的从句。
例如：It was raining hard when I got home yesterday.2．句子按功能分可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句陈述句用来说明一件事实或表达一种看法；疑问句用来提出问题；祈使句用来发出请求或命令；感叹句用来表达强烈的感情。
二、句子的成分句子一般可以分为几个部分，每一个部分在句子中具有一定的功能，称为句子的成分。
句子的成分有主语、谓语、表语、宾语、补语、定语和状语。
1．主语是一个句子的中心，主语的位置一般在句首。
2．谓语动词说明主语的动作与状态，一般在主语之后。
3．表语位置在连系动词之后，说明主语的身份、特征和状态。
4．宾语表示动作的对象，即动作的承受者，一般放在及物动词后。
5．补语补充说明宾语或主语的特征或状态.6．定语修饰名词、代词7．状语修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句。
三、祈使句表示请求、命令、禁止、劝告或建议的句子叫祈使句。
祈使句的主语往往省略。
其常见的句式结构可归纳为四种基本形式：（1）肯定祈使句；（2）否定祈使句；（3）以Let’s 开头的祈使句；（4）以助动词do开头的祈使句。
1．肯定祈使句。
2020年高考英语语法语法专题
2020年高考英语语法语法专题天津一中名师英语教案：高考语法第一部分英语基本句型结构主+谓结构we study for the benefit of our country.主+谓+宾结构we should help each other and care for each other.主+系+表结构we got lost in the woods. he became angry. he made an artist.主+谓+宾+宾结构i gave him a book the other day.he was given a book the other day.we’d better make tea for him beforehand.he promised me to come earlier.he explained to us that the earth goes around the sun.they must have made full use of their spare time to study.(full use must have been made of their spare time to study.)(their spare time must have been made full use of to study.)主+谓+宾+宾补结构we made him monitor of our class.he slept with the window open.how can i study with the music on?we last found him in the hut.we saw him entering the room.how can i study with the music played on every day?(how can i study with the music being played on every day?)this is the first volume of he book, with the second to come out next month.there be 结构there used to be a pine tree in front of the mountain.there happened to be a storm the other day.祈使结构women, carrying babies, get on the bus first.--- alice, you feed the bird today.--- why me?倒装结构he told me never once had he seen such a better result.--- have you read both of this novels recently?--- no. neither shall i read.such was albert einstein, a simple man with great achievements. so brave did he look that he scared the enemy to death.so hard did he work that he won the prize finally.at no time shall we use nuclear weapons first.强调句结构what was it that made him upset the other day?he does get up very early every sunday.省略结构china is no longer what she used to be.never speak until asked to.he didn’t come to the meeting, but we all though he should have 感叹结构you can hardly imagine how worried i was at that time.what fun (it is) to jump into a pool on a hot summer day!主谓主补结构she lay in bed, awake.he left a beggar and returned a millionaire.第二部分高考英语句子整体认知部分并列句英语并列句连接词：（并列连词务必要放在句中来使用）and but (and yet) yet and then otherwise or (or else) soneither…nor either…or both…and…not only…but also whether…orfor when while共2页，当前第1页12主从复合句主从复合句连接词1．名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）that (无中文意思，无语法功能)whether / if , as if / as though because (有中文意思，但无语法功能) who whom whose which when where whyhow (how many…) how often how soon how long (所有含有w / h引导的从句均为从句连接词)w / h - ever (用在名词性从句中表示强调的作用)2．定语从句引导词（限定性与非限定性；定整体与定部分的认知）which who that whom whose when where (介词+which)名词+ of + whichwhich / as 引导非限定性定语从句3．时间状语从句when while asas soon as (the moment the minute the second directly immediately hardly had…whenno sooner had…than scarcely had…then)before since until just asafter till onceeach time every time the first time the last time the year (名词作为连词) 4．原因状语从句because since as now that seeing that consideringwhen (既然)5．条件状语从句if unless provided (providing) supposingsuppose (that) (大写放在句首使用) on condition thatas long as so long as in case (that) once6．目的状语从句so that (后面有情态动词can / could may / might) in order that 7．结果状语从句so…that such…that so that (后面无任何情态动词)8．方式状语从句as just as (in) the wayas if / as though (后面根据句子逻辑采用虚拟或非虚拟) 9．比较状语从句as…as not so…as than倍数比较的各种句型10．地点状语从句where wherever11．让步状语从句although though no matter + w /h w / h - ever whether…or…whileas (倒装)even if / even though (根据句子逻辑采用虚拟或者非虚拟)。
2020年高考英语全国卷12长难句分析
2020年高考英语全国卷12长难句分析(原文)And the Good Morning Britain presenter says shes been able to put a lot of what shes learnt into practice inher own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam,14, Finn,13, and Jack,11、(译文)这位“早安，英国”的电视节目主持人说，她能够在自己的家里把许多学到的东西付诸实践，为14岁的儿子山姆，13岁的芬恩，和11岁的杰克准备膳食。
(分析)这是一个多重复合句，主句And the Good Morning Britain presenter says后面跟的是省略了that的宾语从句。
宾语从句本身也是复合句，其中what shes learnt 也是宾语从句，preparing meals for sons, Sam,14, Finn,13, and Jack,11是-ing形式做伴随状语。
2 (全国卷1阅读C)(原文)The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot,wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers、 (译文)一般的规律是，温和地带的通常为许多人所使用的语言相对较少，而炎热潮湿地带的语言较多，通常为少数人所使用。
(分析)这是一个复合句，句中that引导一个表语从句；从句中often spoken by many people和often spoken by small numbers为-ed形式做定语，分别修饰few languages和lots。
同时while在句中做并列连词，意为“然而”，表示对比。
2020广东中考英语一轮语法精准通关(课件)专题十二 连词和句子种类(复合句)(共48张PPT)
第一部分 语法精准通关
专题十二 连词与句子种类(复合句)
并列连词
（ D ） 1.(2018 广 东 ) China is getting more and more
independent of western technology，
it is leading in many
fields，such as the self-driving car industry.
第一部分 语法精准通关
专题十二 连词与句子种类(复合句)
连接代词/副词与宾语从句
（ D ）1.(2019 广东)—Have you decided
the Expo
2019 Beijing？
—This summer holiday.
A.How are you going to
B.how you are going to
it is
Ali Pay or WeChat Pay.
A.how； whether
B.how； why
C.what； whether
D.what； why
第一部分 语法精准通关
专题十二 连词与句子种类(复合句)
（ C ）3.(2017 广东)—Do you know
—Yes.He went for the boat race.
B.but
C.or
D.and
第一部分 语法精准通关
专题十二 连词与句子种类(复合句)
（ B ）4.Going to the movies is good，
I really only
like listening to music.
A.and
B.but
C.so
高考英语语法句子类型及句子成分基础知识
高考英语语法基础---句子种类分类一.句子种类（按照用途分类）1.陈述句2.祈使句3.感叹句4.疑问句（一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反意疑问句。
）具体知识：1.陈述句陈述句(Declarative Sentence)是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法。
它包括肯定句（The Affirmative Sentence）和否定句(The Negative Sentence)两种。
陈述句在书写时句末用句号，在朗读时用降调。
陈述句的五种基本句型：(1) 主语+连系动词+表语(2) 主语+谓语(不及物动词)(3) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(4) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语(5) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honesty.2. 祈使句祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。
因此，祈使句中一般没有主语，但根据其句意，实际上是省略了主语you。
祈使句句末用感叹号或句号，朗读时，常用降调。
在表达请求或劝告时，在祈使句前或句末可加上please，以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。
祈使句一般没有时态的变化，也不能与情态动词连用。
Keep off the grass! 勿踩踏草地！Always keep in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.3. 感叹句感叹句的基本构成形式1）．What(＋a/an)＋形容词＋名词＋主语＋谓语！2）．How＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！3）．How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！You can't imagine how crucial a role the pigeons played in the battlefields.你无法想象在过去的战场山鸽子发挥了多么重要的作用。
高考英语语法句子类型及句子成分基础知识点
高考英语语法基础---句子种类分类一.句子种类（按照用途分类）1.陈述句2.祈使句3.感叹句4.疑问句（一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反意疑问句。
）具体知识：1.陈述句陈述句(Declarative Sentence)是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法。
它包括肯定句（The Affirmative Sentence）和否定句(The Negative Sentence)两种。
陈述句在书写时句末用句号，在朗读时用降调。
陈述句的五种基本句型：(1) 主语+连系动词+表语(2) 主语+谓语(不及物动词)(3) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(4) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语(5) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honesty.2. 祈使句祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。
因此，祈使句中一般没有主语，但根据其句意，实际上是省略了主语you。
祈使句句末用感叹号或句号，朗读时，常用降调。
在表达请求或劝告时，在祈使句前或句末可加上please，以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。
祈使句一般没有时态的变化，也不能与情态动词连用。
Keep off the grass! 勿踩踏草地！Always keep in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.3. 感叹句感叹句的基本构成形式1）．What(＋a/an)＋形容词＋名词＋主语＋谓语！2）．How＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！3）．How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！You can't imagine how crucial a role the pigeons played in the battlefields.你无法想象在过去的战场山鸽子发挥了多么重要的作用。
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专题十二句子种类重难点分析句子是具有一定的语法结构，表达一个独立完整意义的语言单位。
高考重点要求考生：1.掌握陈述句的基本用法；2.掌握一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句的应答；3.掌握祈使句的构成及作用；4.掌握感叹句的用法和构成；5.分清简单句、并列句和复合句的类型。
考生对句子种类相关知识的掌握对提高书面表达的准确性也显得尤为重要。
一、句子种类二、简单句的五种基本句型三、并列句和并列连词注意：when作并列连词，常译为“就在这时”，主要用于was/were doing sth. when sth./sb. did; was/were about to do sth. when sth./sb. did; was/were on the point of doing sth. when sth./sb. did等句型中，表示“当某人或某物正在或正要做某事，就在这时突然又发生另一事”。
如：I was walking in the park with my parents when I saw two foreigners. 我和父母在公园散步，就在这时我看到了两个外国人。
四、感叹句1. 感叹句的用法：表示说话人强烈的感情。
2. 注意：(1)在复数可数名词和不可数名词之前不可用“How+形容词”构成感叹句，而应用“What+形容词+复数可数名词或不可数名词”。
也就是说“How+形容词”可置于带不定冠词的单数名词之前构成感叹句。
如：What great changes we have had these years! 这些年我们的变化真大啊！(不可说成How great changes we have had these years!)(2) 在口语中，感叹句的主语和谓语常常省略。
如：What a nice present! (省略it is)How disappointed! (省略she is或其它可作本句主、谓的词语)五、祈使句表示请求或命令的句子是祈使句。
谓语动词无时态与数的变化，用动词原形。
祈使句一般用降调，为了使祈使句听起来比较婉转，可用低升调，祈使句句末用句号或感叹号。
1. 祈使句有两种主要类型，即含有第二人称和带有第一、三人称主语的祈使句。
每种类型又有肯定形式和否定形式。
用don’t否定时，通常只能用其缩略式。
2. 注意：① 第二人称主语通常不表示出来，有时为了强调指明向谁提出要求或发出命令，主语也可表示出来，这时主语需要重读。
② 第一人称祈使句可在let前面加do，表示强调，而第三人称祈使句不可以。
如：Do let me have another try. 请务必让我再试试。
注意以下两句的区别：Don’t let the children make much noise. 不要让孩子发出大的噪声。
Let the children not make much noise. 让孩子不要发出大的噪声。
③ 为了使祈使句听起来比较客气、婉转，除了用低升调外，还可用下列方法：a. 在句首或句末加please。
如：Please give me a hand. 请帮一下忙。
Lend me your dictionary, please. 请把你的字典借给我。
b. 在句末加will you。
如：Read the text, will you? 读一下课文好吗？c. please和will you同时使用。
如：Be careful, please, will you? 请小心些，行吗？d. 句末用would you则更加客气。
如：Shut the window, would you? 关上窗户，行吗？e. 句末加won’t you, can’t you, why don’t you。
如：Turn down the radio, won’t you? 关小声一点收音机，好吗？Take it away, can’t you? 拿走，不行吗？Be patient, why don’t you? 耐心点，难道不行吗？六、反意疑问句反意疑问句由陈述句和简略问句构成。
当陈述句为肯定时，简略问句用否定；当陈述句为否定时，简略问句用肯定。
同时简略问句的主语和陈述句保持一致，只能用人称代词或it(there除外)，简略问句的谓语动词也与陈述句保持一致，如果是否定，一定要用简写。
如：Jim isn’t a student, is he? 吉姆不是一名学生，是吗？There are some books in it, aren’t there? 它里面有一些书，不是吗？七、复合句复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。
主句为句子的主体，从句只用作句子的一个次要成分，不能独立成为一个句子。
从句通常由关联词引导，并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。
从句按其在在复合句中的作用，分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句等。
(见专题13、14、15讲解)考点练透一、完成下面的反意疑问句1. Catherine is a girl’s name, ___________?2. I am a teacher, ___________?3. There’s little water in the glass, ___________?4. Don’t take the book out of the library, ___________?5. He’ll never forget it, ___________?6. Let’s have a rest, ___________?7. I think Kate speaks English well, ___________?8. That boy must be Tom, ___________?9. He can hardly swim, ___________?10. Everyone in your family is a teacher, ___________?二、完成下面的感叹句（根据需要可以加上a或an）1. ___________ nice music it is!2. ___________ that boy missed his mother!3. ___________ great fun it is to hike!4. ___________ beautiful parks there are in Shanghai!5. ___________ good the soup tastes!6. ___________ useful subject Chinese is!7. ___________ bad weather it is today!8. ___________ happy life we’re living today!9. ___________ lovely deer they are!10. ___________ bad cold you’ve got!三、汉译英将下面的汉语句子翻译成英文。
1. 请务必提醒她早点回来。
________________________________________2. 请你安静一会儿。
________________________________________3. 让我告诉你答案吧。
________________________________________4. 不要让任何人打扰你。
________________________________________5. 请再给他一次机会。
________________________________________6. 禁止吐痰。
/ 禁止乱扔垃圾。
/ 禁止吃喝。
________________________________________7. 不要在教室里吃东西。
________________________________________8. 对于这件事，咱们什么也不要说。
________________________________________9. 绝不能以貌取人________________________________________10. 勿践草坪。
________________________________________四、语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are over 800 boarding schools in the UK with students from home and foreign countries. Boarding schools 1 (start) hundreds of years ago in the country. 2 the earliest boarding schools were set up for white, rich boys only. Now 3 boys and girls have access to boarding schools from 7 to 18.In the UK, boarding schools have three terms in a school year, 4 13 weeks in each term. Students studyand live together. They can’t go outside 5 they are not allowed to. In addition to the usual classrooms and laboratories, the boarding schools have lots of other facilities for their students, 6 music rooms, boats, swimming pools, cinemas and theatres. Most boarding schools have a “light out” time. So 7 it is time to go to bed, all the lights in the bedrooms are turned off. There are house-masters 8 (take) care of students all the time, especially after school hours.Nearly all students at boarding schools wear 9 school uniform. Boys usually wear a shirt and a tie, and girls wear a white blouse, sometimes also a tie and a skirt. As students get 10 (old), the rules become less strict.助读词汇house-master n. 舍监school uniform 校服boarding school 寄宿学校set up 建立；设立have access to 可以使用/进入in addition to 除了……之外from home and foreign countries/abroad 来自国内外参考答案考点练透一、完成下面的反意疑问句1. isn’t it2. aren’t I3. is there4. will you5. will he6. shall we7. doesn’t she8. isn’t he9. can he 10. aren’t they / isn’t he二、完成下面的感叹句（根据需要可以加上a或an）1. What2. How3. What4. What5. How6. What a7. What8. What a9. What 10. What a三、汉译英1. Be sure to remind her to come back early.2. Be quiet for a moment.3. Let me tell you the answer.4. Don’t let anyone disturb you.5. Do give him another chance.6. No spitting. / No littering. / No eating or drinking.7. Don’t eat in the classroom.8. Let’s not say anything about it.9. Never judge a person by looks.10. Keep off the grass.四、语法填空本文作者简单介绍了英国寄宿学校的情况。