word study for Text A, unit 3

suppress the truth
initiative
the ability to make decisions and take action without waiting for sb. to tell you what to do
fixed expressions
initiate
to begin
他主动去找老板，坦白了一切。 He went to see the boss on his own initiative and confessed everything.
☛ take the initiative
Peter took the initiative in clearing up the mess, and the other boys followed his example.
Fill in the blank: entertainment He fell in the water, much to the ____________ of the children.
hence
Sentence in Text A
The world today is filled with dangers, hence the sick joke that the reason we have not been contacted by an alien civilization is that civilizations tend to destroy themselves when they reach our stage. (L63)
alien
1) belonging to another country or race; foreign 2) very different from what you are used to; strange alien life-forms 外星球的生命形式 外星文明
an alien civilization
He is a well-informed man.
见多识广的，消息灵通的
Therefore, I hold that Tom ought to be informed of the changes in the plan.
basis
他们友谊的基础是都爱好体育。 The basis of their friendship was a common interest in sports. 我们评价一个工人的依据是他的表现。 We judge a worker on the basis of his performance.
Come early to ensure gettin, cloning technology has become the only practical way to ensure that certain species survive to future generations. 钱不足以使人幸福。
C.f. precise 确切的，表达或描绘很清楚的： a precise description of the suspect 明确的严格区别于其他的；正是所要的： at that precise moment
proportion
n. (usu. singular) a part of a group or an amount You have not done your proportion of the work yet. My father gives to my mother a large proportion of the money he earns. A large proportion of the country is desert. 比例（关系）（多做不可数名词）
精心规划加上努力工作确保了晚会的成功。
evident
word-formation e out + vid see video, visual
adj. easily seen or understood; obvious
+ ent 形容词词尾
It is quite evident that he is homesick. evidence n. proof Scientists haven’t got enough evidence to prove that life exists on Mars.
The proportion of men to women in the population has changed so that there are now fewer women and more men.
The proportion of imports to exports is worrying the government.
into The whole matter had to be inquired ______.
suppress
word-formation
sup + press
下 压 press depress impress express
meanings/usage 1) to put an end to sth. by force suppress bleeding 2) to keep from being revealed, published, or circulated
series
a number of things placed or occurring one after the other usage
“series” is both a singular and a plural form. When it has the singular sense of “one set”, it takes a singular verb, even when series is followed by of and a plural noun.
Whether ______ or not, it is very likely that _________________.
see … as
=
regard … as, think of … as
do without manage to continue or survive though you don’t have something you need No one can do without sleep for very long.
accurate
accuracy
adj. cura n. = care
To be creative is good, but we also need to be accurate.
准确的、精确的，指通过努力使事情达到正确
The scientist observed the experiment attentively and wrote down accurately what he found in his notebook.
Although it is unlikely that everyone will be able to come, they are still going ahead with the plan to hold a reunion. (Page 44) 2. It is likely/unlikely that …
Key Words
likely (L2) suppress (L16) ensure (L20) series (L31) basis (36)
inquire (L14) initiative (L17) evident (L27) informed (L34) accurate (L40)
proportion (L56)
sentence adverb: for this reason (usually written)
这座城市建在一个山坡上，因此得名Hillside。
The town was built on the side of a hill; hence the name Hillside. My mother is by herself; hence I must go home.
e.g. A series of lectures is scheduled.
Two series of lectures are scheduled.
informed
According to informed sources, he has been enrolled by Harvard University. 消息灵通人士
to initiate a conversation/debate
1. I wish you would show a bit more initiative.
2. He did not have the initiative to start his own business.
☛ on one’s own initiative The workers are able to solve the problems on their own initiative.
hence (L63)
entertain (L62)
alien (L64)
likely ---unlikely
two examples from the text … it (the world we live in) is likely to change even more in the next hundred. (L2-3) … but genetic engineering and computers are two of the developments (that are) most likely to change the way we live in the future. (L53) 1. sth./sb. is likely/unlikely to …