四级模拟题2

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2023年大学英语四级考试模拟试题2

2023年大学英语四级考试模拟试题2

2022年大学英语四级考试模拟试题2姓名年级学号题型选择题填空题解答题判断题计算题附加题总分得分评卷人得分一、问答题1.The Importance of Frustration Education Among College Students无_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________正确答案:(高分范文The Importance of Frustration Education Among College StudentsEach year there are a growing number of college students committingsuicide when confronted with setbacks and frustration,which suggests that frustration education is extremely important for collegestudents.First of all,what cannot be ignored is that most college studentswho are far away from their families need to face challenges aloneand may easily get confused and frustrated.Thus,strengtheningfrustration education can help them become strong-minded and teachthem how to deal with setbacks.Secondly,college guidance on how tocorrectly deal with negative emotions is beneficial to students'mental health and encourages them to take a positive attitude towards their school life.Moreover,frustration is inevitable in our lives.If college students do not learn how to cope with it when they areyoung,they may encounter more problems in their future careers,suchas lack of confidence,difficulties in getting along well with others and unwillingness to try new things,which certainly will become obstacles to their success.In short,frustration education can bring great benefits to students,which should not be neglected at college.)2.昆曲(Kunqu Opera)是中国传统戏剧中最受推崇的形式之一,至今已有600多年的历史。

大学英语英语四级模拟题(包含答案) (2)

大学英语英语四级模拟题(包含答案) (2)

大学英语四级试卷(满分120分,考试时间90分钟)一、选择题:(本题共20小题,每小题3分,共60分)1. A man has to make _____ for his old age by putting aside enough money to live on when old.A. supplyB. arrranceC. provisionD. adjustment2. A neat letter improves your chances of a favorable _________.A. circumstanceB. requestC. receptionD. response3. A river ____ though the narrow wooded valley below.A. extendsB. poursC. expandsD. twists4. A writer has to _______ imagination as well as his experiences for his writing.A. draw back fromB. draw inC. draw upD. draw on5. According to the psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, wisdom comes from the ____ of maturity.A. fulfillmentB. achievementC. establishmentD. accomplishment6. Light comes in _______ the window.A. byB. throughC. out ofD. in7. The young worker expressed the indignation _______ being dismissed without any reason.A. forB. atC. toD. of8. Science has brought _______ many changes in our life.A. outB. intoC. aboutD. forward9. ______ onetime, Manchester, New Hampshire, was the home of the most productive cotton mills in the worlD.A. OnB. AtC. ByD. To10. If something is out _______ the question, it is impossible.A. ofB. toC. withD. in11. _______ snobbish people ______ you described are to be found everywhere.A. Such…likeB. So…likeC. Such…asD. So…as12. The doctors must have spared no pains to treat the patient _______ he has recovered from his serious injury.A. butB. beforeC. forD. till13. So hardworking was he that nothing ______ him from his study remained in the room.A. distractingB. distractC. distractedD. to distract14. ---- Why don’t we take a little break ?---- Didn’t we just have ______ ?A. itB. thatC. oneD. this15. ____,Internet writers do make impressive progress.A.Encouraging and praisingB.To be encouraged and praisedC.Encouraged and praisedD.To encourage and praised16. In the west, people make ___ a rule to send Christmas presents to their relatives and friends.A. thisB. thatC. itD. the following17. --Is there a flight to London this evening?--There ____ be. I’ll phone the airport and find it out.A. mustB. has toC. mightD. ought to18. He called the police for help, ____ that the problem was more than he could deal with.A. having been realizedB. to realizeC. realizedD. realizing19. --- How much is the desk?---it__ninety-nine pounds.( )A. costsB. Pays toC. spendsD. Takes is20. I am afraid I won't be able to keep in touch__him.( )A. To goB. For ifC. withD. By too二、单词拼写(共计15分)1.Mr. Li moved to the seashore in his f______(四十来岁).2.H______(听到) the good news, we all jumped with joy.3.When he realized he had made a difference for those poor children, he ____________ a joyful smile. (突然笑了起来)4.At that time, the explorers __________________ (因为……而着迷) their adventures in the underwater world.5.Recent pressure at work may ____________ (是……的原因,解释) his abnormal behavior.三、阅读理解:(共30分)As she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume Besides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience :people trod on your toes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. "They are real silk," the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. "Worth double the price." But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-----and the prices were very reasonable. Edith did not hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her parents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, "Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking." She informed her daughter.1.Edith's father _______.A.did not like presentB.never got presentC.preferred tiesD.was difficult to choose a present for2.The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______.A.attractiveB.interested in tiesC.tiredD.in need of comfort3.Edith stopped at the next counter_________.A.puroselyB.suddenlyC.unwillinglyD.accidentally4.Edith's father smoked a pipe_______.A.when he was obligedB.on social occasionsC.from time to timeD.when he was delighted5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______.A.coustomers trod on each other's toesB.coustomers poked each other withtheir elbows C.customers knocked each other D.customers were doing their shopping in a great hurry四、书面表达:请你为一个中学生参观团起草一份通知,用一段话说明以下要点:参观日期:5月25日,星期天时间:早上8点钟出发。

大学英语四级考试模拟试题(二)

大学英语四级考试模拟试题(二)

大学英语四级考试模拟试题(二)大学英语四级考试模拟试题(二)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic “Talent Is More than a Certificate”. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 目前社会上有一种重文凭轻能力的现象,譬如公司在聘用人才时……2. 然而……3. 你的观点是……Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Secrets of Self-Made MillionairesThey?re just like you. But with lots of money.When you think of “millionaire”, what image comes to yo ur mind? For many of us, it?s a flashy Wall Street banker type who flies a private jet, collects cars and lives the kind of decadent lifestyle that would make Donald Trump proud.But many modern millionaires live in middle-class neighborhoods, work full-time and shop in discount stores like the rest of us. What motivatesthem isn?t material possessions but the choices that money can bring. “For the rich, it?s not about getting more stuff. It?s about having the freedom to make almost any decision you want,” says T. Harv Eker, author of Secrets of the Millionaire Mind.Wealth means you can send your child to any school or quit a job you don?t like.According to the Spectrem Wealth Study, an annual survey of America?s wealthy, there are more people living the good life than ever before — the number of millionaires nearly doubled in the last decade. And the rich are getting richer. T o make it onto the Forbes 400 list of the richest Americans, a mere billionaire no longer makes the cut. This year you needed a net worth of at least $1.3 billion.If more people are getting richer than ever, why shouldn?t you be one of them? Here are the secrets revealed by the people who have at least a million dollars in liquid assets.1. Set your sights on where you?re goingTwenty years ago, Jeff Harris hardly seemed on the road to wealth. He was a college dropout who struggled to support his wife, DeAnn, and three kids, working as a grocery store clerk and at a junkyard where he melted scrap metal alongside convicts (囚犯). “At times we were so broke that we washed our cloth es in the bathtub because we couldn?t afford the Laundromat.” Now he?s a 49-year-old investment advisor and multimillionaire in York, South Carolina.There was one big reason Jeff pulled ahead of the pack: He always knew he?d be rich. The reality is that 80 percent of Americans worth at least $5 million grew up in middle-class or lesser households, just like Jeff. Wanting to be wealthy is a crucial first step. Eker says, “The biggest obstacle to wealth is fear. People are afraid to think big, but if you think small, you?ll only achieve small things.”It all started for Jeff when he met a stockbroker at a Christmas party. “Talking to him, it felt like discovering fire,” hesays. “I started reading books about investing during my breaks at the grocery store, and I began putting $25 a month in a mutual fund.” Next he taught a class at a local community college on investing. His students became his first clients, which led to his investment practice. “There were lots of struggles,” says Jeff, “but what got me thr ough it was believing with all my heart thatI would succeed.”2. Educate yourselfWhen Steve Maxwell graduated from college, he had an engineering degree and a high-tech job —but he couldn?t balance his checkbook. “I took one finance class in college but dropped it to go on a ski trip,” says the 45-year-old father of three, who lives in Windsor, Colorado. “I actually had to go to my bank and ask them to teach me how to read my statement (结算单).”One of the biggest obstacles to making money is not understanding it:Thousands of us avoid investing because we just don?t get it. But to make money, you must be financially literate. “It bothered me that I didn?t understand this stuff,” says Steve, “so I read books and magazines about money management and investing, and I asked every financial whiz (高手) I knew to explain things to me.”He and his wife started applying the lessons: They made a point to live below their means. They never bought on impulse, always negotiated better deals (on their cars, cable bills, furniture) and stayed in their home long after they could afford a more expensive one. They also put 20 percent of their annual salary into investments.Within ten years, they were millionaires, and people werecoming to Steve for advice. “Someone would say,…I need to refinance my house —what should I do?? A lot of times, I wouldn?t know the answer, but I?d go find it and learn something in the process,” he says.In 2003, Steve quit his job to become part owner of a company that holds personal finance seminars for employees of corporations like Wal-Mart. He also started going to real estate investment seminars, and it?s paid off: He now owns $30 million worth of investment properties, including apartment complexes, a shopping mall and a quarry.“I was an engi neer who never thought this life was possible, but all it truly takes is a little self-education,” says Steve. “You can do anything once you understand the basics.”3. Passion pays offIn 1995, Jill Blashack Strahan and her husband were barely making ends meet. Like so many of us, Jill was eager to discover her purpose, so she splurged on a session with a life coach. “When I told her my goal was to make $30,000 a year, she said I was setting the bar too low. I needed to focus on my passion, not on the paych eck.”Jill, who lives with her son in Alexandria, Minnesota, owned a gift basket company and earned just $15,000 a year. She noticed when she let potential buyers taste the food items, the baskets sold like crazy. Jill thought, Why not sell the food directly to customers in a fun setting? With $6,000 in savings, a bank loan and a friend?s investment, Jill started packaging gourmet foods in a backyard shed and selling them at taste-testin g parties. It wasn?t easy. “I remember sitting outside one day, thinki ng we were three months behind on our house payment, I had two employees I couldn?t pay, and I ought to get a real job. But thenI thought, No, this is your dream. Recommit and get to wo rk.”She stuck with it, even after her husband died three years later. “I live by the law of abundance, meaning that even when there are challenges in life, I look for the win-win,” she says.The positive attitude worked: Jill?s backyard company, Tastefull y Simple, is now a direct-sales business, with $120 million in sales last year. And。

CET-4模拟试题(二)

CET-4模拟试题(二)

CET-4模拟试题(二)生技16-1CET-4模拟测试一、在答题前,请认真完成以下内容:1.请检查试题册背面条形码粘贴条、答题卡的印刷质量,如有问题及时向监考员反应,确认无误后完成以下两点要求。

2.请将试题册背面条形码粘贴条揭下后粘贴在答题卡1的条形码粘贴框内,并将姓名和准考证号填写在试题册背面相应位置。

3.请在答题卡1和答题卡2指定位置用黑色签字笔填写准考证号、姓名和学校名称,并用2B铅笔将对应准考证号的信息点涂黑。

二、在考试过程中,请注意以下内容:1.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答,在试题册上的作答一律无效。

2.请在规定时间内依次完成作文、听力、阅读、翻译各部分考试,作答作文期间不得翻阅该试题册。

听力录音播放完毕后,请立即停止作答,监考员将立即回收答题卡1,得到监考员指令后方可继续作答。

3.作文题内容印在试题册背面,作文题及其他主观题必须用黑色签字笔在答题卡指定区域内作答。

4.选择题均为单选题,错选、不选或多选将不得分,作答时必须使用HB-2B铅笔在答题卡上相应位置填涂,修改时须用橡皮擦净。

三、以下情况按违规处理:1. 不正确填写(涂)个人信息,错贴、不贴、毁损条形码粘贴条;2. 未按规定翻阅试题册、提前阅读试题、提前或在收答题卡期间作答;3. 未用所规定的笔作答、折叠或毁损答题卡导致无法评卷。

4. 考试期间在非听力考试时间佩戴耳机。

Part I Writing (30 minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分,之后将进行听力考试)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have two options upon graduation: one is to take a job in a company and the other to go to a graduateschool. You are to make a choice between the two. Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice. You should write at least 120words but no more than 180words.Part ⅡListening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report,you will hear two or three questions. Both the newsreport and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A) Terrorists attacked Thai troops.C)Shootings occurred in Bangkok.B)Thai troops killed many people. D) Bombs blasted in Bangkok.2.A) The Muslims wanted to build up an Islamic State.B)Thai troops were sent to North.C)About 2,000 people were injured.D)There were no more bombings since 2004.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A) Give oil revenues to some of the provinces.B)Allow provinces distribute their oil revenues.C)Distribute oil revenues according to the population size.D)Distribute oil revenues according to the development of economy.4.A) To help build shopping malls.B)To help improve the country’s economy.C)To help more children to learn how to clean the streets.D)To help more young people to get back to school.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A) Spain. C) France.B)The United States. D) Italy.6.A) 77 million.C) million.B)130 million. D) 100 million.7. A) %. C) 100%.B) 30%. D) 37%.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) The job is boring, but the pay is good. C) She likes the job butstill wants a change.B) It’s not a busy, but a hard job. D) It’s the very job she’s lookingfor.9. A) He likes fashion. C) He believes he qualifies for the job.B) He is learning fashion design. D) He likes working as a salesman.10.A) Someone who is not good at service jobs.B)Someone who is not good at mind tricks.C)Someone who is afraid of being a new one at a job.D)Someone who can start a conversation with strangers easily.11.A) Be played by mind tricks. C) Failto get perfect scores.B) Leave the school and be independent. D) Be unemployed for the timebeing.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A) Living in trees. C) Anenvironmental issue.B) Protecting the forests. D) Tasmania’s policies.13.A) She hates to live with people. C)She wants to live high.B) She likes living in a tree. D) She wants to prevent people fromlogging trees.14. A) It can benefit the environment. C) It can provide jobs.B) It can reduce costs. D) It is profitable.15.A) It is a vital industry in Tasmania.C) It boosts the cutting of trees in Tasmania.B) It will reduce employment rate in Tasmania. D) It stops local peoplefrom money in Tasmania.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage andthe questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 witha single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) New York City is turning 101 years old.B)Grand Central Stat ion’s turning 101 years old.C)A building being named as Grand Central Terminal.D)The change of Grand Central Station.17.A) It has a small, arched window. C)The ticket windows are jeweled.B) The clocks are on four sides. D) The ceiling is a mirror image.18.A) The design of the building is for the public.B) The plan of building a huge office over it failed.C)The modern preservation movement gets more attention.D)The beauty of the building has been known worldwide.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) It contains one paragraph ofintroduction. C) It consists of two sides of the argument.B) It contains five paragraphs of evidence. D) It contains threeparagraphs of the conclusion.20.A) Correcting grammar mistakes incollege. C) Helping students improve their writing.B) Teaching international students. D) Working in a lab in India.21.A) Its subjects are too simple to use the formula.B)The formula is good for this kind of writing.C)Its subjects require deep thoughts and investigation.D)Careful thinking should be throughout the process of writing.22. A) One with a clear five-paragraph essay.B)One with evidence leading to different conclusions.C)One with descriptive words.D) One with shorter but well-organized sentences.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23.A) Busy people. C) Young people.B) Knowledgeable people. D) Rich people.24.A) Ads by celebrity. C) Goodreputation of the seller.B) Friendly online conversation. D) Discounts and small gifts.25. A) By adding various products. C) By having good post-sale service.B) By lowering the prices. D) By making quick deliveries.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks。

四级模拟题2

四级模拟题2

大学英语四级考试模拟试卷二Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Chinese Workers-Paid Holidays. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1. 有人认为“带薪休假”有很多好处……2. 有人认为“带薪休假”落到实处很难3. 你的观点及建议Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Does contagious yawning mean you're nice?You're in a conversation with another person and he casually yawns, As you wonder whether he's bored with the discussion, you find that you're yawning, too. A man walking by, sees you yawn, and pretty soon he yawns. It's carried on and on, passing from one person to another in a domino effect. Science is still investigating exactly what makes us yawn, but ifs a well-known and little-studied fact: Yawning is contagious.We know that much of yawning is due to suggestibility--it's infectious. You don't need to actually see a person yawn to involuntarily yawn yourself; hearing someone yawn or even reading about yawning can cause the same reaction. Chances are you'll yawn at least once while reading this article.But contagious yawning goes beyond mere suggestibility. Recent studies show that the phenomenon is also related to our predisposition toward empathy--the ability to understand and connect with others' emotional states. It sounds strange, but whether or not you're susceptible to contagious yawning may actually be related to how muchempathy you feel for others.Empathy is an important part of cognitive development. We learn from an early age to value ourselves based on the amount and type of empathy our parents display, and developmental psychologists have found that people who weren't shown empathy by their parents struggle later on in life. A lack of early empathy has been shown to lead to the development of sociopathic behavior in adults.So empathy is important sure, but how could it possibly be related to contagious yawning? Leave it up to psychologists at Leeds University in England to answer that. In their study, researchers selected 40 psychology students and 40 engineering students. Each student was made to wait individually in a waiting room, along with an undercover assistant who yawned 10 times in as many minutes. The students were then administered -in emotional quotient test: Students were shown 40 images of eyes and asked what emotion each one displayed.The results of the test support the idea that contagious yawning is linked to empathy. The psychology students –whose future profession requires them to focus on others--yawned contagiously an average of 5.5 times in the waiting room and scored 28 out of 40 on the emotional test. The engineering students--who tend to focus on things like numbers and systems yawned an average of 1.5 times and scored 25.5 out of 40 on the following test. The difference doesn't sound like much, but researchers consider it significant. Strangely, women, who are generally considered more emotionally attuned, didn't score any higher than men.These findings support what neurologists found through brain imaging: Contagious yawning is associated with the same parts of the brain that deal with empathy. These regions, the precuneus and posterior temporal gyrus, are located in the back of the brain. And although the link between contagious yawning and empathy has been established, explanations for the link are still being investigated.Researchers are looking into the world of development disorders and at higher primates for answers to this riddle.Primate Yawing, Autism and Contagious YawningYawning may serve a number of functions, and these functions might be different for different animals. Humans aren't the only animals that yawn--even fish do. But only humans and chimpanzees, our closest relative in the animal kingdom, have shown definite contagious yawning.One study, conducted in Kyoto, Japan, observed six chimps in captivity. Chimps were shown videos of other chimps yawning, along with chimps that opened their mouths but did not yawn. Of the six, two chimps yawned contagiously a number of times. Even more interesting, like their human counterparts under age 5, the three chimp infants showed no susceptibility to contagious yawning.This may be related to the fact that empathy is taught and learned. If contagious yawning is the result of empathy, then contagious yawning wouldn't exist until the ability to empathize was learned. But what if empathy is never developed? Another study, lead by cognitive researcher Atsushi Senju, sought to answer that question. People with autism spectrum disorder are considered to be developmentally impaired emotionally. Autistics have trouble connecting with others and find it difficult to feel empathy. Since autistics have difficulty feeling empathy, then they shouldn't be susceptible to contagious yawning.To find out, Senju and his colleagues placed 48 kids aged 7 to 15 in a room with a television. Twenty-four of the test subjects had been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, the other half were non-autistic kids. Like the Kyoto chimp study, the test subjects were shown short clips of people yawning as well as clips of people opening their mouths but not yawning. While the kids with autism had the same lack of reaction to both kinds of clips, the non-autistic kids yawned more after the clips of people yawning.But there could be another interpretation m Senju's findings. Autistics tend to focus on the mouths of people with whom they interact. But contagious yawning is thought to be cued--not by movements in the mouth area--but by changes to the areaaround the yawning person's eyes. This could explain why autistics are less susceptible to contagious yawning--perhaps they're just missing the cues.However, that notion is undermined by another study. Conducted by researchers at Yale University, this study examined the reactions of autistic adults while they watched emotionally charged scenes from the movie, "Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf" Researchers found that those autistics who watched the eyes of the characters didn't register any more emotional reaction than those who focused on the mouth. This indicates that contagious yawning amounts to more than just cues: the autistics who watched the eves received little information from the cues they found there.It's become pretty clear that contagious yawning is linked to empathy. But why? Perhaps the best explanation for why we yawn, as well as why yawning is contagious, can be found around the watering hole on the savannah tens of thousands of years ago. Some scientists believe that yawning is an involuntary response to a stressful situation: When we yawn, we increase the blood flow' to the brain, thus making us more alert. Contagious yawning may be a method of quiet communication by which our ancestors spread the word that a hungry lion was nearby. Fear is an emotion with which we can empathize, and yawning may serve as a cue by which we spread that fear.1. Whether or not you're easily influenced by contagious yawning may be linked to ______A the personality of the person you are talking toB how much empathy you feel for othersC your reaction when you see someone yawningD the ability to avoid other's influence2. Early empathy is important for us in that ______.A parents first show their empathy to usB it is related to contagious yawningC it's an important part of cognitive developmentD it affects our later life a lot3. The results of the Leeds University's test show that _______.A the less a man focuses on others, the higher he scoresB men didn't score any higher than womenC contagious yawning and empathy are related to the same parts of the brainD it explained the link between contagious yawning and empathy4. Contagious yawning wouldn't exist unless ______.A the ability of yawning is taught C empathy is neverdevelopedB the ability to empathize is learned D yawning is controlledwell5. Why autistics are less susceptible to contagious yawning?A Autistics have difficulty feeling empathy.B Autistics can't communicate with others.C Autistics are not able to learn yawning.D Autistics focus much on people's eyes.6. Another interpretation to Senju's findings is that contagious yawning isthought to be cued by___.A movements in the yawning person's mouth area C changes on emotionreactionB yawning person's appearance D changes around the yawning person'seyes7. According to the Yale University's study, why autistics aren't susceptibleto contagious yawning?A They didn't register' any emotional reaction.B They didn't understand the movie.C They received little information from the cues around people's eyes.D They didn't understand what people say just by seeing movement of mouths.8. The reason why contagious yawning is linked to empathy was _______________9. Some scientists believe that yawning is just to make us __________________10. Yawning may be considered as a cue by which people spread an emotion, and withthe emotion ___________________________.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section A11. A) He expects to hear from his brother. B) He expects a gift from his brother.C) The woman is wrong about when the man’s birthday is. D) His brother is going to visit him.12. A) They don’t enjoy swimming. B) They won’t go swimming in the lake today.C) They don’t know how to swim. D) They’ll swim in the lake tomorrow.13. A) The style of sweater she’s wearing is very common.B) The man saw Jill wearing the sweater.C) She wore the sweater for the first time yesterday.D) She usually doesn’t borrow clothes from Jill.14. A) She’s planning a trip to Antarctica.B) She thinks attending the lecture will be helpful to her.C) Her geography class is required to attend the lecture.D) She has already finished writing her report.15. A) The woman should join the chess club.B) He’s not a very good chess player.C) The woman needs a lot of time to play chess.D) He’s willing to teach the woman how to play chess.16. A) Ask Alice if the man can borrow the novel. B) Return the novel to Alice immediately.C) Help the man find his own copy of the novel. D) Find out how much the novel costs.17. A) He has already tasted the chocolate pudding. B) Chocolate is his favorite flavor.C) He doesn’t want any chocolate pudding. D) There is no more chocolate pudding left.18. A) He arrived at the theater late.B) He left his watch in the theater.C) The production seemed much shorter than it actually was.D) He did not enjoy the production.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) She wants to learn about Richard Sears. B) She is helping the man with his assignment.C) She needs to buy a filing cabinet. D) She wants to order some textbooks.20. A) Teachers. B) Farmers. C) Students. D) Laborers.21. A) As textbooks. B) As fuel. C) As newspapers. D) As art.22. A) Taxes on factory goods rose. B) Some people lost their farms.C) Shipping prices rose. D) Some small stores were out of business. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) The economy is slowing down. B) She may not be able to finish the college.C) She may not find a job after college. D) The tax is going to be raised.24. A) It is on the verge of bankruptcy. B) It is improving steadily.C) It has experienced a rapid increase in sales. D) It is going down hill fast.25. A) She will join the man’s company. B) She will start her ownbusiness.C) She will stay in her parents’ house. D) She will try to find a job. Section BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) They didn’t use singers. B) They gave free concerts.C) They performed in small nightclubs. D) They shortened the length of their performances.27. A) To discuss one way it impacted jazz music.B) To explain why the government reduced some taxes.C) To describe a common theme in jazz music.D) To discuss the popularity of certain jazz bands.28. A) The music contained strong political messages.B) The music had a steady beat that people could dance to.C) The music included sad melodies.D) The music contained irregular types of rhythms.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) A museum exhibition of African baskets.B) Changes in basket-weaving.C) Differences between African and American baskets.D) The development of basket weaving in one town.30. A) Their mothers taught them. B) They traveled to Africa.C) They learned in school. D) They taught themselves.31. A) They sell them as a hobby. B) They make them as a hobby.C) They use them on their farms. D) They make and sell them to make a living.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) Factors that affect the ability to remember.B) The influence of childhood memories on adulthood.C) A proposal for future psychological research.D) Benefits of a busy lifestyle.33. A) The need to exercise the memory.B) How the brain differs from other body tissues.C) The unconscious learning of a physical activity.D) How nerves control body movement.34. A) Repeat it aloud. B) Write it down.C) Make a mental picture of it. D) Practice recalling it.35. A) Ask questions about the assigned reading.B) Give an example of active learning.C) Explain recent research on recalling childhood memories.D) Make an assignment for the next class session.Section CGraduate students often work as teaching assistants while they study in the United States. Teaching assistants (T.A.) may get money or get to take classes for (36) , or both. A T.A. usually works about twenty hours each week. In some cases, the professors they assist have big (37) ____classes with hundreds of students. The professor gives one or two (38) a week, and teaching assistants (39) smaller discussions at other times. They also give tests, (40) work, provide laboratory assistance and meet with students who need help. And they have their own educations to think about.Many states have (41) to require that teaching assistants be able to speak English well enough for students to understand them. Universities have increased their (42) to deal with this problem. Our example school this week is the University of Southern California (USC), in Los Angeles. The American Language Institute at USC provides (43) to help international teaching assistants improve their English.(44) .The exam at USC is a fifteen-minute spoken test that involves two examiners. Students talk about their education and interest in the school.(45) .Those who do not score high enough on the test have to take classes to improve their English. (46) .Part IV Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)Section AQuestions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.The free enterprise had produced a technology 47 of providing the American consumer with the largest and most varied marketplace in the world. Technological advances, however, have come hand-in-hand with impersonal mass marketing of goods and services. Along with 48 too, have come some instances of manipulative(操纵性的;操作) advertising practices and a great increase to products whose reliability, safety and quality are difficult to 49__ .Today’s consumers buy, enjoy, use and throw away more types of goods than could possibly have been imagined even a few years ago. Yes, too often consumers have no idea of the materials that have gone into the manufacturer’s finished product or their own 50 in selecting one product over another.Easy credit and forceful techniques of modern marketing persuade many consumers to buy what they cannot 51 . The consequent 52 of family budgets is a problem for consumers at all economic levels. It is not unusual for families to set aside 20 percentor more of their income to debt repayments without understanding the effect this allocation has upon other choices. Some families have such tight budgets that an illness, a period of unemployment, or some other crisis finds them without 53 reserves(储备;储蓄).In addition to the growing complexity of the market, consumers are sometimes faced with unfair and 54 practices. Although there are laws 55 to protect the consumers, there are not a sufficient number of laws enforced to cover all the abuses of the marketplace.An adult in today’s society should be knowledgeable in the use of credit. He should understand what is involved in purchasing a house, and the many pitfalls to be avoided when 56 into financial agreements. He should know enough about advertising and selling techniques to enable him to tell the honest from the deceptive. He should be knowledgeable about consumer protection laws so that he can demand his rights. When he needs help, he should know the private and public sources to which he can turn for assistance.Section BPassage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Romantic love is a culture trait found primarily in industrialized societies. Elsewhere in the world, pragmatic considerations rather than flights of fancy are often used to make a choice of partner, and romantic love is seen as an unfortunateinconvenience that gets in the way of the ordinary, rational process of mate selection. Traces of this attitude persist in the American upper classes, where daughters are expected to marry “well”—that is, to a male who is eligible by reason of family background and earning potential. Most Americans, however, see romantic love as essential for a successful marriage, and tend to look askance(轻蔑地)at anyone who marries for a more practical reason in which love plays no part.The phenomenon of romantic love occurs when two young people meet and find one another personally and physically attractive. They become mutually absorbed, start to behave in what appears to be a flighty(充满幻想的), even irrational manner, decide that they are right for one another, and may then enter a marriage whose success is expected to be guaranteed by their enduring love. Behavior of this kind is portrayed and warmly endorsed(赞同)throughout American popular culture, by books, magazines, comics, records, popular songs, movies, and TV.Romantic love is a noble ideal, and it can certainly provide a basis for the spouses to live happily ever after. But a marriage can equally well be founded on much more practical considerations—as indeed they have been in most societies throughout most of history. Why is romantic love of such importance in the modern world? The reason seems to be that it has some basic functions in maintaining the institution of the nuclear family(小家庭).57. Romantic love is less frequently found in many non-industrial societies because people in these societies .A) firmly believe that only money can make the world go roundB) fail to bring the imaginative power of the mind into full playC) fondly think that flights of fancy prevent them from making a correct choice of partnerD) have far more practical considerations to determine who will marry whom58. The word eligible (Line 5, Para. l) could best be replaced by .A) qualified B) available C) chosen D) influential59. According to the passage, most Americans .A) expect their daughters to fall in love with a male at first sightB) regard romantic love as the basis for a successful marriageC) look up to those who marry for the sake of wealthD) consider romantic love to be the most desirable thing in the world60. What can we learn from the second paragraph about romantic love?A) It is a common occurrence among the old. B) It is primarily depicted by books.C) It is characterized by mutual attraction. D) It is rejected as flighty and irrational.61. According to the passage, the author believes that .A) romantic love makes people unable to think clearly in the process of mate selectionB) only romantic love can make a marriage happy ever afterC) much more practical considerations can also be the basis for a successful marriageD) romantic love plays an insignificant role in maintaining the institution of the nuclear familyPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.The French word renaissance means rebirth. It was first used in 1855 by the historian Jules Michelet in his History of France, then adopted by historians of culture, by art historians, and eventually by music historians, all of whom applied it to European culture during the 150 years spanning 1450—1600. The concept of rebirth was appropriate to this period of European history because of the renewed interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture that began in Italy and then spread throughout Europe. Scholars and artists of this period wanted to restore the learning and ideals of the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome. To these scholars this meant a return to human. Fulfillment in life became a desirable goal, and expressing the entirerange of human emotions and enjoying the pleasure of the senses were no longer frowned on. Artists and writers now turned to religious subject matter and sought to make their works understandable and appealing.These changes in outlook deeply affected the musical culture of the Renaissance period—how people thought about music as well as the way music was composed and experienced. They could see the architectural monuments, sculptures, plays, and poems that were being rediscovered, but they could not actually hear ancient music—although they could read the writings of classical philosophers, poets, essayists, and music theorists that were becoming available in translation. They learned about the power of ancient music to move the listener and wondered why modern music did not have the same effect. For example, the influential religious leader Bernardino Cirillo expressed disappointment with the learned music of his time. He urged musicians to follow the example of the sculptors, painters, architects, and scholars who had rediscovered ancient art and literature.The musical Renaissance in Europe was more a general cultural movement and state of mind than a specific set of musical techniques. Furthermore, music changed so rapidly during this century and a half—though at different rates in different countries—that we cannot define a single Renaissance style.62. The word “eventually” in line 3 means that .A) music historians used the term “Renaissance” after other historians didB) most music historians used the term “Renaissance”C) the term “Renaissance” became widely used by art historians but not by music historiansD) music historians used t he term “Renaissance” very differently from other historians63. The phrase “frowned on” in Line 9 is closest in meaning to .A) given up B) forgotten about C) argued about D) disapproved of64. It can be inferred from the passage that thinkers of the Renaissance were seekinga rebirth of .A) communication among artists across EuropeB) spirituality in everyday lifeC) a cultural emphasis on human valuesD) religious themes in art that would accompany the traditional secular themes65. According to the passage, why was Bernardino Cirillo disappointed with the music of his time?A) It was not complex enough to appeal to musicians.B) It had little emotional impact on audiences.C) It was too dependent on the art and literature of his time.D) It did not contain enough religious themes.66. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage as a reason for the absence of a single Renaissance musical style?A) The musical Renaissance was defined by technique rather than style.B) The musical Renaissance was too short to give rise to a new musical style.C) Renaissance musicians adopted the styles of both Greek and Roman musicians.D) During the Renaissance, music never remained the same for very long.Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Most people who work in London get a break of about an hour for lunch. 67 they mostly live too far to go back home _68 lunch, they are obliged to 69 other arrangements for their midday meal. Many large firms have a canteen for their employees.In 70 canteens the food served is plain but 71 , and although there is some 72 of choice, the number of dishes 73 usually small. The employees themselves fetch their dishes 74 a counter at which they are 75 . There they can find a tray on76 to carry their knives, forks, spoons, plates, cups, saucers, 77 , of course, their food. A meal in a canteen is inexpensive and may 78 of soup, fish and chips or meat and two vegetables, 79 fruit or a pudding of some _80 as dessert. Some firms that do not run a canteen 81 their staff with luncheon-vouchers(午餐券), which many restaurants will accept in 82 of money. As there are so many people 83_ work in London, there are numerous cafés and restaurants in every area that is not purely residential. A meal 84 cost anything from a modest sum to quite a few pounds, 85 on the restaurant and the food chosen. 86 , one can generally get a meal, or at least a snack, in a pub(酒吧). In recent years there has also been a big increase in the number of “take-away” food shops of all kinds.67. A) While B) As C) Although D) Unless68. A) in B) at C) for D) before69. A) make B) bring C) take D) use70. A) such B) same C) few D) other71. A) limited B) excessive C) full D) adequate72. A) difference B) variety C) change D) exchange73. A) are B) being C) is D) been74. A) from B) along C) with D) to75. A) kept B) served C) made D) waited76. A) it B) them C) which D) those77. A) and B) but C) or D) except78. A) compose B) comprise C) consist D) count79. A) with B) about C) of D) by80. A) category B) sort C) pattern D) name81. A) afford B) invest C) prepare D) provide82. A) request B) place C) case D) face83. A) in B) on C) at D) over84. A) must B) need C) should D) may85. A) depending B) taking C) relying D) holding86. A) Moreover B) However C) Still D) LikewisePart VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentence on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87. (虽然他们有很多共同之处), but they never became true friends.88. The talk (促进了双方的彼此了解) .89. The applicants for the positions (年龄在18岁到22岁不等) are mostly interested in the training opportunities promised in the want ads.90. We will make the deal (严格依据合同条款).91. Sometimes (承受剧痛的病人) can be helped by “drugs” that aren’t drugs at all but rather sugar pills that contain no active chemical elements.。

大学英语四级模拟卷二

大学英语四级模拟卷二

大学英语四级模拟卷二Part I WritingDirections:Write a composition entitled A Letter in Reply to a Friend. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese.提示:假设你的好朋友李芳是大学四年级学生,正在考虑是考研究生继续深造还是大学毕业后就踏上工作岗位。

请给她写封信表明你的态度。

Part II Listening ComprehensionSection AQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.1. A. What we think about public transportation. C. A new way of public transportation.B. The improvement of public transportation. D. A specially built community.2. A. Slowly and safe. B. Safe and fast. C. Fast and dangerous. D. Environmentally friendly and slowly. Questions 3and 4 will be based on the following news item.3. A. Emigration of top students, poor infrastructure, and low demand.B. Emigration of all students, poor infrastructure, and high demand.C. Emigration of all students, poor infrastructure, and no funds.D. Emigration of top students, poor infrastructure, and no funds.4. A. The issues are too serious. C. There are other difficult problems.B. There are no easy solutions. D. Education is important to economic development. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the following news items.5. A. Many people go to work by bus. C. There are more and more cars on the roads.B. Governments can’t afford to solve the problem. D. No technology can control traffic conditions.6. A. It can help reach an accident area faster. C. It can supervise emergency workers.B. It can avoid traffic accidents. D. It can solve traffic problems.7. A. To reduce illegal phenomena on the road. C. To get visual information of the traffic.B. To produce safer and faster vehicles. D. To develop an intelligent system of road signals. Section BConversation One Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A. How to go abroad for study. C. How to look for a job after returning back from abroad.B. How to enjoy the freedom abroad. D. Re-entry Shock and how to minimize it.9. A. Freedom from the stress of working. C. Freedom from the foreign culture.B. Freedom from social regulations. D. Freedom from the stress of study.10. A. They don’t attend classes at all.B. They participate in activities that their parents may be against.C. They stay out and never come back to school.D. They fell free to do what they like to do.11. A. Be clear about what they’re going to do. C. Ignore the cultural norms of their home countries.B. Turn to their parents for advice. D. Turn to their friends for support.Conversation Two Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A. The modem was broken. C. The Internet connection didn’t work.B. The computer couldn’t start properly. D. The instruction book was of no help.13. A. Changing for a new computer. C. Getting the computer repaired.B. Changing for a new modem. D. Calling for a repair person for the computer.14. A. He doesn’t want to replace a computer for her. C. He wants to make the woman upset.B. He doesn’t think the woman buy the computer from him. D. He tries to understand the problem.15. A. The repair persons will go to check the computer in the woman’s house.B. The woman will get a new computer as replacement.C. The woman will bring the computer and get it checked.D. The repair person will take back the computer and get it check.Section CPassage One Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A. It can think for itself. C. It has the mental ability of a two-year-old.B. It has eyes, ears and lips. D. It can express human feelings.17. A. It can act like a mother. C. It can look after a two-year-old baby.B. It can do dangerous jobs. D. It can do entertaining work.18. A. Working in the space stations. C. Watching television.B. Falling in love. D. Going to work instead of people.19. A. Critical. B. Negative. C. Objective. D. Enthusiastic. Passage Two Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.20. A. He is too young to make a right decision.B. He doesn’t have enough experience.C. His decision is less important than others’.D. He can be given good advice from a different perspective.21. A. A friend with rich knowledge. C. Her teachers and advisors.B. A friend who has studied overseas. D. Her classmates.22. A. Her friend has experiences about studying abroad.B. Her friend is a foreigner and familiar with local life.C. Her friend can provide her with another perspective on herself.D. Her friend can decide her future career.Passage Three Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A. The reform of the retailing system. C. The dominance of selfishness.B. The worship of consumption. D. A new generation of upper class consumers.24. A. Poverty still exists in a rich society.B. Unrestricted population growth is the root of over-consumption.C. Traditional rituals are often neglected in the process of modernization.D. Moral values are sacrificed in pursuit of material satisfaction.25. A. Continue to pursue material richness.B. Focus on spiritual needs and give up the value of consumption.C. Keep consumption at a reasonable level.D. Overcome poverty regardless of the exploitation of resources.Part III Reading ComprehensionSection A Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.It seems individual cancer cells send out the same distress signals as wounds, tricking immune cells into helping them grow into tumours. The finding suggests that anti-inflammatory drugs could help to combat or preventcancer. “Lifelong, if you take a small quantity of something that 26 inflammation (炎症), such as aspirin, it could reduce the risk of cancer,” says Adam Hurlstone of the University of Manchester, UK.When tissue is wounded or infected it produces hydrogen peroxide. White blood cells called leukocytes (白血球) are among the first cells to react to this 27 , homing in to kill the infectious agent, clean up the mess and rebuild 28 tissue. At first, the tissue becomes inflamed, but this subsides as the wound is cleared and rebuilding continues. Now, a study in zebra fish shows that this process is also instigated (唆使) and sustained by tumour cells.Hurlstone and colleagues 29 engineered zebra fish so that skin cells and leukocytes would slow different 30 under ultraviolet light. Some zebra fish were also engineered to have cancerous skin cells.The team found that the cancerous skin cells secreted(分泌) hydrogen peroxide(过氧化氢), 31 leukocytes which helped them on their way to becoming a tumour. When the team 32 hydrogen peroxide production in the zebra fish, the leukocytes were no longer attracted to cancerous cells and the cancer colonies reduced in 33 .More alarmingly, the researchers found that healthy skin cells 34 to the cancerous ones also produced hydrogen peroxide, suggesting that cancer cells 35 co-opt them into triggering inflammation.Section BThe Gulf Between College Students and LibrariansA.Students rarely ask librarians for help, even when they need it. This is one of the sobering (令人警醒的) truthsthe librarians have learned over the course of a two-year, five-campus ethnographic(人种学的) study examining how students view and use their campus libraries. The idea of a librarian as an academic expert who is available to talk about assignments and hold their hands through the research process is, in fact, foreign to most students. Those who even have the word “librarian” in their vocabularies often think library staff are only good for pointing to different sections of the stacks.B.The ERIAL (Ethnographic Research in Illinois Academic Libraries) project contains a series of studiesconducted at Illinois Wesleyan, DePaul University, and Northeastern Illinois University, and the University of Illinois’s C hicago and Springfield campuses. Instead of relying on surveys, the libraries included two anthropologists (人类学家), along with their own staff members, to collect data using open-ended interviews and direct observation, among other methods. The goal was to generate data that, rather than being statistically significant but shallow, provided deep, subjective accounts of what students, librarians and professors think of the library and each other at those five institutions.C.The most alarming finding in the ERIAL studies was perhaps the most predictable: when it comes to findingand evaluating sources in the Internet age, students are extremely Internet-dependent. Only 7 out of 30 students whom anthropologists observed at Illinois Wesleyan “cond ucted what a librarian might consider a reasonably well-executed search,” wrote Duke and Andrew Asher, an anthropology professor at Bucknell University, who led the project.D.Throughout the interviews, students mentioned Google 115 times -- more than twice as many times as any otherdatabase. The prevalence of Google in student research is well-documented, but the Illinois researchers found something they did not expect: students were not very good at using Google. They were basically clueless about the logic underlying how the search engine organizes and displays its results. Consequently, the students did notknow how to build a search that would return good sources. “I think it really exploded this myth of the ‘digital native,’ ” Asher said. “Just because you’ve grown up searching things in Google doesn’t mean you know how to use Google as a good research tool.”E.Even when students turned to more scholarly resources, it did not necessarily solve the problem. Many seemedconfused about where in the constellation (云集) of library databases they should turn to locate sources for their particular research topic: Half wound up using databases a librarian “would most likely never recommend for their topic.” For example, “Students regularly used JSTOR, the second-most frequently mentioned database in student interviews, to try to find current research on a topic, not realizing that JSTOR does not provide access to the most recently published articles.” Unsurprisingly, students using this method got either too many search results or too few. Frequently, students would be so discouraged they would change their research topic to something that requires a simple search.F.“Many students described experiences of anxiety and confusion when looking for resources -- an observationthat seems to be widespread among students at the five institutions involved in this study,” Duke and Asher wrote. There was just one problem, Duke and Asher noted: “Students showed an almost complete lack of interest in seeking assistance from libraria ns during the search process.” Of all the students they observed -- many of whom struggled to find good sources, to the point of despair -- not one asked a librarian for help.G.In a separate study of students at DePaul, Illinois-Chicago, and Northeastern Illinois, other ERIAL researchersdeduced several possible reasons for this. The most basic was that students were just as unaware of the extent of their own information illiteracy as everyone else. Some others overestimated their ability or knowledge.Another possible reason was that students seek help from sources they know and trust, and they do not know librarians. Many do not even know what the librarians are there for. Other students imagined librarians to have more research-oriented knowledge of the library but still thought of them as glorified ushers.H.However, the researchers did not place the blame solely on students. Librarians and professors are also partiallyto blame for the gulf that has opened between students and the library employees who are supposed to help them, the ERIAL researchers say. Instead of librarians, whose relationship to any given student is typically ill-defined, students seeking help often turn to a more logical source: the person who gave them the assignment—and who, ultimately, will be grading their work. Because librarians hold little sway with students, they can do only so much to reshape students’ habits. They need professors’ help. Unfortunately, faculty may have low expectations for librarians, and consequently students may not be connected to librarians or see why working with librarians may be helpful. On the other hand, librarians tend to overestimate the research skills of some of their students, which can result in interactions that leave students feeling intimidated and alienated (疏远的). Some professors make similar assumptions, and fail to require that their students visit with a librarian before carrying on research projects. And both professors and librarians are liable to project an idealistic view of the research process onto students who often are not willing or able to fulfill it.I.By financial necessity, many of today’s students have limited time to devote to their research. Showing studentsthe pool and then shoving them into the deep end is more likely to foster despair than self-reliance. Now more than ever, academic librarians should seek to “save time for the reader”. Before they can do that, of course, they will have to actually get students to ask for help. “That means understanding why students are not asking for help and knowing that kind of help they need,” say the librarians.J.“This study has changed, profoundly, how I see my role at the university and my understanding of who our students are”, says Lynda Duke, an academic librarian at Illinois Wesleyan. “It’s been life-changing, truly.”36. None of the students observed in the ERIAL project asked a librarian for help was when searching resources,even when they were in despair.37. The librarians learned from a two-year, five-campus ethnographic study that students rarely turn to librarians forhelp.38. The most important reason why students did not ask librarians for help was that they did not realize their owninformation illiteracy.39. Open-ended interviews and direct observation were used in the ERIAL project to make a deep and subjectivereport.40. Besides students, librarians and professors are also responsible for the gap between students and libraryemployees.41. Students rely heavily on the Internet to find sources.42. Professors fail to connect students to librarians, because they have low expectations for librarians.43. It surprised Illinois researchers that students were not good at using Google.44. Before librarians can realize the goal of “saving time for the reader”, they first should get students to ask forhelp.45. Due to the absence of the newest articles, the frequently used database JSTOR does not necessarily helpstudents solve their problems.Section CPassage one Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.A new study shows that students learn much better through an active, iterative (反复的) process that involves working through their misconceptions with fellow students and getting immediate feedback from the instructor.The research was conducted by a team at the University of British Columbia(UBC), Vancouver, in Canada, led by physics Nobelist Carl Wieman. In this study, Wieman trained a postdoc, Louis Deslauriers, and a graduate student, Ellen Schelew, in an educational approach, called “deliberate practice,’’that asks students to think like scientists and puzzle out problems during class. For 1 week, Deslauriers and Schelew took over one section of an introductory physics course for engineering majors, which met three times for 1 hour. A tenured physics professor continued to teach another large section using the standard lecture format. The results were dramatic: After the intervention, the students in the deliberate practice section did more than twice as well on a 12-question multiple-choice test of the material as did those in the control section.They were also more engaged and a post—study survey found that nearly all said they would have liked the entire 15-Week course to have been taught in the more interactive manner.“It’s almost certainly the case that lectures have been ineffective for centuries. But now we’ve figured out a better way to tea ch” that makes students an active participant in the process, Wieman says. The “deliberate practice”method begins with the instructor giving students a multiple-choice question on a particular concept, which the students discuss in small groups before answering electronically. Their answers reveal their grasp of the topic, which the instructor deals with in a short class discussion before repeating the process with the next concept.While previous studies have shown that this student-centered method can be more effective than teacher-1ed instruction, Wieman says this study attempted to provide “a particularly clean comparison...to measure exactly what can be learned inside the classroom.” He hopes the study persuades faculty members to stop delivering traditional lectures and ‘‘switch over’’ to a more interactive approach.More than 55 courses at Colorado across several departments now offer that approach, he says, and the same thing is happening gradually at UBC.46. What do we know about the study led by Carl Wieman in the second paragraph?A. Students need to turn to scientists for help if they have trouble.B. An introductory physics course was given to physics majors.C. Students were first taught in the “deliberate practice” approach.D. A professor continued to teach the same section with the traditional lectures.47. The results of the research reveal that_______________.A. students performed better on a test in the experimental sectionB. students seemed to be more engaged in the control sectionC. students preferred the traditional lectures to deliberate practiceD. The entire 15-week course was actually given in the new manner48. How does Wieman look at the traditional lectures according to the third paragraph?A. They have lasted for only a short period of time.B. They continue to play an essential role in teaching.C. They can make students more active in study.D. They have proved to be ineffective and outdated.49. How does the “deliberate practice’’ method work?A. The students are first presented with some open questions.B. The students have to hand in paper-based homework.C. The instructor remains consistent in the way of explaining concepts.D. The instructor expects the students to air their views at any time.50. We learn from the last paragraph that Wieman’s new approach________________.A. will take the place of the traditional way of teaching in timeB. can evaluate the studen t’s class performance roughlyC. can achieve the same effects as the traditional lecturesD. has been accepted in some collegesPassage Two Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.According to a new research, both sexes said their early 30s was the optimum (最佳的) time for weight loss because turning 30 was a watershed (分水岭) moment in their lives and they wanted to stay fit and healthy as they leave their 20s. People are less likely to stick to diets in their mid-30s and 40s because they are not so bothered about their appearance as ageing takes its toll and they embrace middle age, according to 54% of dieters. 59% of slimmers said that diets are more likely to go wrong in the 20s because people are more likely to be single and to party more.The findings come from a survey of 1 000 male and female slimmers by a diet company. 82% of those polled said that 30 was a “watershed” age for both sexes and they were more likely to stick to diets afterwards.More than a third of female respondents found the ages of 30 to 35 the best to slim. Amongst this group 32 was the ideal age for women. Women of that age find it easiest to lose weight and stick to a diet plan. Another factor making it the optimum for women to slim is the likelihood that they had become mothers. The average age of women giving birth in the UK is now a few weeks short of 30—while first time mothers are older than ever at 28. Losing baby weight is a powerful incentive for women to slim with 56% saying they had found it easier to lose weight after childbirth than before.Marriage was also a factor in helping women to lose weight. Four out of ten female respondents said they found it easier to lose weight after marrying because they are less likely to drink and eat to excess. The average age for a new bride in the UK is 30.For men, 36% said the ages of 30 to 35 were the most effective years to diet—with the optimum age. Men’s ideal age was a year less than women’s because turning 30 was seen as a bigger watershed for them.51. Why do both sexes think early 30s is the best time to lose weight?A. Because they want to stay in good shape as they turn 30.B. Because they probably have got married in their early 30s.C. Because they have much willpower to stick to diets.D. Because they have time and energy to work out.52. Why are people unlikely to stick to diets in their mid-30s and 40s?A. Because they can’t resist the temptation of delicious food.B. Because they are under great pressure to support their family.C. Because they need great amount of calories to finish their work.D. Because they don’t care so much about appearance at that age.53. What can we learn from the third paragraph?A. The age of first time mothers remains the same as before.B. Giving birth is an important factor for women to lose weight.C. The average age of women giving birth in the UK is 30.D. Less than half women thought it easier to lose weight after childbirth.54. What does the author say about women and marriage?A. Women don’t tend to drink and eat too much after marriage.B. Marriage has no influence on women who want to lose weight.C. Women have to work and care for the family after marriage.D. Women in the UK usually get married for the first time at 32.55. What does the author mean by saying “turning 30 was seen as a bigger watershed for them”in the lastparagraph?A. Men attach greater importance to appearance after 30.B. Men work under much more pressure after 30.C. Men consider turning 30 more meaningful for them.D. Most men have become fathers at the age of 30.Part IV Translation杭州最著名的景点是西湖(the West Lake)。

大学英语四级模拟试题2

大学英语四级模拟试题2

大学英语四级模拟试题(二)Part 1I Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)Directions:For questions 1 - 7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8 - 10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.SleepSleep is one of those funny things about being a human being --- you just have to do it. Have you ever wondered why? And what about the crazy dreams, like the one where a bad person is chasing you and you can’t run or yell. Does that make any sense?Characteristics of SleepWhen we see someone sleeping, we recognize the following characteristics:If possible, the person will lie down to go to sleep.The person’s eyes are closed.The person doesn’t hear anything unless it is a loud noise.The person breathes in a slow, rhythmic pattern.The person’s muscles are completely relaxed. If sitting up, the person may fall out of his or her chair as sleep deepens.During sleep, the person occasionally rolls over or rearranges his or her body. This happens approximately once or twice a n hour. This may be the body’s way of making sure that no part of the body or skin has its circulation cut off for too long a period of time.In addition to these outward signs, the heart slows down and the brain does some pretty funky things.In other words, a sleeping person is unconscious to most things happening in the environment. The biggest difference between someone who is asleep and someone who has fainted or gone into a coma is the fact that a sleeping person can be aroused if the stimulus presented by is strong enough. If you shake the person, yell loudly or flash a bright light, a sleeping person will wake up.Who Sleeps?Reptiles(爬行动物), birds and mammals all sleep. That is, they become unconscious to their surroundings for periods of time. Some fish and amphibians (两栖动物) reduce their awareness but do not ever become unconscious like the higher vertebrates(脊椎动物) do. Insects do not appear to sleep, although they may become inactive in daylight or darkness.By studying brainwaves, it is known that reptiles do not dream. Birds dream a little. Mammals all dream during sleep.Different animals sleep in different ways. Some animals, like humans, prefer to sleep in one long session. Other animals like to sleep in many short bursts. Some sleep at night, while others sleep during the day.Sleep and the BrainIf you attach an electroencephalograph to a person’s head, you can record the person’s brainwave activity. An awake and relaxed person generates alpha waves, which are consistent oscillations at about 10 cycles per second. An alert person generates beta waves, which are about twice as fast.During sleep, two slower patterns called theta waves and delta waves take over. Theta waves have oscillations in the range of 3.5 to 7 cycles per second, and delta waves have oscillations of less than 3.5 cycles per second. As a person falls asleep and sleep deepens, the brainwave patterns slow down. A person deep in delta wave sleep is hardest to wake up.REM SleepAt several points during the night, something unexpected happens -- rapid eye movement (REM) sleep occurs. Most people experience three to five intervals of REM sleep per night, and brainwaves during this period speed up to awake levels. If you ever watch a person or a dog experiencing REM sleep, you will see their eyes flickering back and forth rapidly. In many dogs and some people, arms, legs and facial muscles will twitch during REM sleep. Periods of sleep other than REM sleep are known as NREM (non-REM) sleep.REM sleep is when you dream. If you wake up a person during REM sleep, the person can vividly recall dreams. If you wake up a person during NREM sleep, generally the person will not be dreaming.You must have both REM and NREM sleep to get a good night’s sleep. A normal person will spend about 25 percent of the night in REM sleep, and the rest in NREM. A REM session a dream -- lasts five to 30 minutes.When You Miss Some Zzzzs…One way to understand why we sleep is to look at what happens when we don’t get enough: As you know if you have ever pulled an all-nighter, missing one night ofsleep is not fatal. A person will generally be irritable during the next day and will either slow down (become tired easily) or will be totally wired because of adrenalin (肾上腺素).If a person misses two nights of sleep, it gets worse. Concentration is difficult, and attention span falls by the wayside. Mistakes increase.After three days, a person will start to hallucinate and clear thinking is impossible. With continued wakefulness a person can lose grasp of reality. Rats forced to stay awake continuously will eventually die, proving that sleep is essential.A person who gets just a few hours of sleep per night can experience many of the same problems over time.Two other things are known to happen during sleep. Growth hormone in children is secreted during sleep, and chemicals important to the immune system are secreted during sleep. You can become more prone to disease if you don’t get enough sleep, and a c hild’s growth can be stunted(阻碍) by sleep deprivation.Why Sleep?No one really knows why we sleep. But, there are all kinds of theories, including these: Sleep gives the body a chance to repair muscles and other tissues, replace aging or dead cells, etc.Sleep gives the brain a chance to organize and archive memories. Dreams are thought by some to be part of this process.Sleep lowers our energy consumption, so we need three meals a day rather than four or five. Since we can’t do anything in the dark anyway, we might as well "turn off" and save the energy.What we all know is that, with a good night’s sleep, everything looks and feels better in the morning. Both the brain and the body are refreshed and ready for a new day.DreamsThe brain creates dreams through random electrical activity. Random is the key word here. About every 90 minutes the brain stem sends electrical impulses throughout the brain, in no particular order or fashion. The analytic portion of the brain -- the forebrain----then desperately tries to make sense of these signals. It is like looking at a Rorschach test, a random splash of ink on paper. The only way of comprehending it is by viewing the dream (or the inkblot) metaphorically, symbolically, since there’s no lite ral message.This doesn’t mean that dreams are meaningless or should be ignored. How our forebrains choose to "analyze" the random and discontinuous images may tell us something about ourselves, just as what we see in an inkblot can be revelatory. And perhaps there is a purpose to the craziness: Our minds may be working on deep-seated problems through these circuitous and less threatening metaphorical dreams.Here are some other things you may have noticed about your dreams:Dreams tell a story. They are like a TV show, with scenes, characters and props.Dreams are egocentric. They almost always involve you.Dreams incorporate things that have happened to you recently. They can also incorporatedeep wishes and fears.A noise in the environment is often worked in to a dream in some way, giving some credibility to the idea that dreams are simply the brain’s response to random impulses.You usually cannot control a dream -- in fact, many dreams emphasize your lack of control by making it impossible to run or yell.Dreaming is important. In sleep experiments where a person is woken up every time he/she enters REM sleep, the person becomes increasingly impatient and uncomfortable over time.How Much Sleep Do I Need?Most adult people seem to need seven to nine hours of sleep a night. This is an average, and it is also subjective. You, for example, probably know how much sleep you need in an average night to feel your best.The amount of sleep you need decreases with age. A newborn baby might sleep 20 hours a day. By age four, the average is 12 hours a day. By age 10, the average falls to 10 hours a day. Senior citizens can often get by with six or seven hours a day.1. This passage tells us why people have to sleep and what causes dreams.2. During sleep, the person is conscious to most things happening in the environment.3. Neither reptiles nor birds dream during sleep.4. A normal person spends the main part of the night in NREM sleep.5. If you miss one night of sleep, you will lose your appetite to some extent.6. Nobody really knows the reason why we sleep.7. Generally speaking, you need less amount of sleep as you grow older.8. The slower ________________ , the deeper the sleep.9. REM in this passage stands for ________________________.10. The brain stem sends electrical impulses throughout the brain about every ________________Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Growing up as an Asian in Britain is much more than a question of facing discrimination and trying to find a decent job -- especially for a girl. She has to keep a delicate 47 between two cultures: her own and the British.Seetha Crishna has written a booklet called Girls of Asian Origin in Britain. In it the girls she is most concerned with are those who are 48 different because they have gone through the British educational system and have therefore emerged with an 49 which is distinct from that of their parents.They speak English with regional English accents, they look 50 in Western clothes, and they so not necessarily choose to work in a factory. But they are unmistakably Asian and they are still held by their Asian 51 roots. At home, Asian girl may find herself conformingto the traditions and values of her parents, while at school she tends to 52 the attitudes and appetites of her British contemporaries.As a result, Seetha Crishna found girls existing at two levels -- and inclined to 53 both. "But unless they can successfully accept both, they will 54 constantly from one level to the other, feeling trapped between the two –at 55 cost to their own confidence and happiness."For teenage girls, the main 56 is to match the social life which their parents expectthem to live with that enjoyed by their schoolmates.A culturalF definitelyK balanceB issueG swingL considerableC questionH unfitM scarcelyD difficultI identityN developE refuseJ lowO comfortableSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passages is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C), D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passages.I’m usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago.While any of. These statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. Still, I was struck by a report which concluded that today’s children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children ages 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago.Why are America’s kids so stresse d? The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, among other things--and a growing perception that the world is a mole dangerous place.Given that we can’t tarn the clock back, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation cope.At the top of the list is nurturing (培育) a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress.To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers. Your family will thank you later. They will have more time for face-to-face relationships, and they will get more sleep.Limit the amount of virtual (虚拟的) violence your children are exposed to. It’s not just video games and movies; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news.Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale.Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a good model, for your kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable. But it doesn’t have to ruin your life.57. The author thinks that the conclusions of any research about people’s state of mind amA) surprising B) confusing C) illogical D) questionable58. What does the author mean when he says, "we can’t turn the clock back" (Line 1, Para.3)?A) It’s impossible to slow down the pace of change.B) The social reality children are facing cannot be changed.C) Lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten.D) It’s impossible to forget the past.59. According to an analysis, compared with normal children today, children treated as mentally ill 50 years ago .A) were less isolated physicallyB) were probably less self-centeredC) probably suffered less from anxietyD) were considered less individualistic60. The first and most important thing parents should do to help their children is .A) to provide them with a safer environmentB) to lower their expectations for themC) to get them more involved sociallyD) to set a good model for them to follow61. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?A) Anxiety, though unavoidable, can be coped with.B) Ch ildren’s anxiety has been enormously exaggerated.C) Children’s anxiety can be eliminated with more parental care.D) Anxiety, if properly controlled, may help children become mature.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passages.When families gather for Christmas dinner, some will stick to formal traditions dating back to Grandma’s generation. Their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver, and the dress code will be Sunday-best.But in many other homes, this china-and-silver elegance bas given way to a stoneware-(粗陶) and-stainless informality, with dresses assuming an equally casual-Friday look. For hosts and guests, the change means greater simplicity and comfort. For makers of fine china in Britain, it spells economic hard times.Last week Royal Doulton, the largest employer in Stoke-on-Trent, announced that it is eliminating 1,000 jobs---one---fifth of its total workforce. That brings to more than 4,000 the number of positions lost in 18 months in the pottery (~) region~ Wedgwood and other pottery factories made cuts earlier.Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing, the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts. A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company "has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend" toward casual dining. Families eat together less often, he explained, and more people eat alone, either because they are single or they eat in front of television; Even dinner parties, if they happen at all, have gone casual. In a time of long work hours and demanding family schedules, busy hosts insist, rightly, that it’s better to share a takeout pizza on paper plates in the family room than to wait for the perfect moment or a "real" dinner party. Too often, the perfect moment never comes. Iron a fine-patterned tablecloth? Forget it. Polish the silver? Who has time?Yet the loss of formality has its down side. The fine points of etiquette (礼节).that children might once have learned at the table by observation or instruction from parents and grandparents ("Chew with your mouth closed." "Keep your elbows off the table.") must be picked up elsewhere. Some companies now offer etiquette seminars for employees who may be competent professionally but clueless (愚笨的,无能的) socially.62. The trend toward casual dining has resulted in _________________.A) bankruptcy of fane china manufacturersB) shrinking of the pottery industryC) restructuring of large enterprisesD) economic recession in Great Britain63. Which of the following may be the best reason for casual dining?A) Family members need more time to relax.B) Busy schedules leave people no time for formality.C) People want to practice economy in times of scarcity.D) Young pe ople won’t follow the etiquette of the older generation.64. It can be learned from the passage that Royal Doulton is __________.A) a retailer of stainless steel tablewareB) a dealer in stonewareC) a pottery chain storeD) a producer of fine china65. The main cause of the layoffs in the pottery industry is ______________.A) the increased value of the poundB) the economic recession in AsiaC) the change in people’s way of lifeD) the fierce competition at home and abroad66. Refined table manners, though less popular than before in current social life _________.A) are still a must on certain occasionsB) are bound to return sooner or laterC) axe still being taught by parents at homeD) call help improve personal relationshipsPart V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A], [B], [Gl and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Have you ever wondered what our future is like? Practically all people 67 a desire to predict their future 68 . People seem inclined to 69 this task using causal reasoning. First, we generally 70 that future circumstances are 71 caused or conditioned by present ones. We learn that getting an education will 72 how much money we earn later and that swimming beyond the reef may bring an unhappy 73 with a shark.Second, people also learn that such 74 of cause and effect are probabilistic in nature. That is, the effects occur more often when the causes occur than when the causes are 75 , but not always. 76 , students learn that studying hard produces good grades 77 most instances, but not every time. Science makes these concepts of causality and probability more clear and 78 techniques for dealing with them more 79 than does causal human inquiry. In looking at ordinary human inquiry, we need to 80 between prediction and understanding. Often, even if we don’t understand why, we are willing to act on the basis of a demonstrated 81 ability.Whatever the primitive drives that 82 human beings, satisfying them depends heavily on the ability to predict future circumstances. The attempt to predict is often played in the 83 of knowledge and understanding. If you can understand why certain regular patterns 84 , you can predict better than if you simply observe those patterns. Thus, human inquiry’ aims 85 answering both "what" and "why" questions, and we 86 these goals by observing and figuring out.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

大学英语四级模拟测试(二)(附答案)

大学英语四级模拟测试(二)(附答案)

大学英语四级模拟测试(二)(附答案)听力(略)Part II Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and you should decide which is the best choice. (40 points)Passage 1Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:An unusual cooperation between the local university and other education providers in East Anglia has seen the establishment of Norwich's new Learning Shop. At the city center shop, local people can look through booklets and leaflets to find out about learning opportunities ranging from evening classes to postgraduates(研究生)degrees. Skilled staff are on hand to give accurate information about courses and training in the region.More than 11,000 people have visited the shop since it opened in 1997. The majority of inquiries have been about courses in further education, but 17 percent have related to higher education in general.Customer feedback(反馈)confirms how valuable the resource is. A woman's comment is typical: "It's a brilliant idea ―less daunting than going to the different institutions." A seller told us: "This really gives you hope you can get back into something."Fellow institutions are welcome to set up exhibitions and events at the shop: to date, these have included poetry readings, a recorder concert and numerous exhibitions and displays. Theshop is staffed by two advisers and other colleagues from the fellow institutions in the region.Speaking at the "Norwich as a Learning City" conference, Prof. Mike Campell at the local university, said the first barrier(障碍)to learning was lack of information. The Learning Shop aims to break down that barrier.26. For what purpose is the Learning Shop set up?A) To help people know more about higher education.B) To sell booklets and leaflets of the institutions.C) To provide educational opportunities to old people.D) To promote courses and training in the region.27. The word "daunting" (Line 2, Para. 3) is close to________ in meaning.A) disappointingB) boringC) worryingD) discouraging28. What are the visitors to the Learning Shop mainly interested in?A) Further education courses.B) University degree courses.C) Evening classes.D) Part-time courses.29. The events we can find in the Learning Shop include the following EXCEPT ________.A) recorder concertsB) local conferencesC) poetry readingsD) displays and exhibitions30. Which of the following is TRUE according to Prof. MikeCampell?A) The city authorities should run more learning shops.B) People have difficulties in finding out about learning opportunities.C) The staff should provide customers with accurate information.D) Most people want to go back to college.Passage 2Question 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Not all language is verbal. Some of our communication occurs without words. We often use our entire bodies for communication. We may raise our eyebrows(眉毛)to indicate surprise. Perhaps we nod our heads to show that we agree with something. There are hundreds of nonverbal signals that can be used to communicate. These signals are part of language, and they are governed by rules in the same way that our spoken language is. For this reason, people who speak different languages often use different nonverbal signals as well.In addition to verbal communication and the type of nonverbal communication discussed above, there are other message systems that we use to communicate. When we speak to some people, we may stand very close to them, while we may stand far away from other people. Use of space, then, is a way we can communicate the relationship we feel with another person. The way we dress can also communicate for us. The person who wears dirty jeans and a T-shirt communicates a different attitude from a person who wears neat trousers and an attractive shirt. We can even use time to communicate. The person who is on time for an appointment shows a different attitude from the person who is an hour late does. Can you think of other messagesystems we use in communication?31. Language, according to the passage, is actually ________.A) verbal onlyB) verbal and nonverbal as wellC) the use of our bodiesD) nonverbal signals32. Nonverbal signals ________.A) have few rulesB) are more useful than speechC) are often used in communicationD) are entirely separate from language33. If a person wears a suit and a tie, it is a matter of ________.A) attitudeB) relationshipC) formalityD) habit34. People who do not speak the same language ________.A) have no nonverbal signals in commonB) cannot communicate with nonverbal signalsC) often have different nonverbal signalsD) use the same nonverbal signals35. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a form of nonverbal communication?A) Pace.B) Time.C) Dressing.D) Space.Passage 3Question 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:The market is a concept. If you are growing tomatoes in yourbackyard for sale, you are producing for the market. You might sell some to your neighbors and some to the manager of a local store. But in either case, you are producing for the market. Your efforts are directed by the market. If people stop buying tomatoes, you may stop producing.If you take care of a sick person to earn money, you are producing service for the market. If your father is a steelworker or a truck driver or a doctor or a grocer, he is producing goods or services for the market.When you spend your income, you are buying things from the market. If you spend money in stores, supermarkets, gas stations, and restaurants, you are buying from the market. When the local grocer hires you to drive the delivery truck(送货车), he is buying your labor in the labor market.The market is everywhere, and it's very real. If nobody buys your tomatoes, it won't be long before you get the message. The market is telling you something. It's telling you that you are using energies and resources in doing something the market doesn't want you to do.36. When we are producing for the market, ______.A) our life will become much easierB) we can help others in a better wayC) our efforts are directed by the marketD) we can avoid much waste of money37. You are buying from the market when you ______.A) fix your bike by yourselfB) look after your childrenC) take care of a sick personD) eat out in a restaurant38. The word "real" (line 1, Para. 4) probably means ______.A) urgentB) importantC) seriousD) concrete39. According to the passage the market can tell people ______.A) how to drive a bargainB) what should be producedC) when to stop sellingD) how to increase profits40. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?A) To show what the market can do.B) To explain what the market consists of.C) To indicate how to succeed in the market.D) To argue for the necessity of the market.Passage 4Question 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:It is important to point out that the electronic universe is not without problems. Sometimes data bank producers do not make their products up-to-date as frequently as they should; other on-line systems seem to be forever responding to a single command. In addition, despite the simplicity of concept, no one would argue that the search for information is easy. It can be difficult, for example, to locate the data bank that most likely contains the information you seek.On the other hand, the electronic universe is still young. For all its practical purpose, it is only a decade old, and like our own physical universe, it is constantly expanding. According to Cuadra Associates, publisher of an authoritative directory(指南)of data banks, many new data banks become available on-line eachbusiness day.There is every reason to believe that this trend will continue. Indeed, I have long been convinced that in the future, communications and on-line information retrieval(检索)may well be seen as the single most important result of the revolution in personal computers. Indeed, the electronic universe holds as yet unimagined possibilities.41. Which of the following is mentioned as a problem concerning the electronic universe?A) There is no authoritative directory for the use of data banks.B) Data bank producers do not modernize their products as needed.C) The electronic universe is expanding too fast.D) On-line data banks can not meet the needs of a single command.42. What do we know about the development of the electronic universe?A) It is popular everywhere now.B) It is constantly expanding.C) It appeared long time ago.D) It has caused a lot of problems.43. Cuadra Associates' directory can help people ________.A) to learn about the available online data banksB) to become an authoritative directorC) to build a successful data systemD) to update business data banks online44. What will be expected to be the most significant achievement in the revolution in personal computers?A) Locating the data bank containing your information.B) Up-to-date information and rapid communications.C) Communications and on-line information retrieval.D) Frequent responses to computers' command.45. The passage mainly discusses ________.A) the increase of on-line informationB) the improvement of personal computersC) the expansion of electronic universeD) the new ways of communicationsPart III Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentences. (10 points)46. In fact, to make life _____ easier for themselves, some Americans prefer less demanding jobs, even with less pay.A) somewhat B) somehow C) sometime D) somewhere47. Human cloning has been the most controversial _____ in life sciences this year.A) question B) issue C) problem D) trouble48. We hope the measures to control water pollution, _____ taken by the government, will succeed.A) that B) because C) since D) as49. It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is quite _____ to perform skillfully yourself.A) other thingB) anotherC) somethingD) the other50. The chemical works that has _____ the fertile fields faces billions of dollars in fines.A) injured B) rotted C) spoiled D) upset51. The first two items of this contract are especially _____ of notice.A) worth B) worthy C) worthwhile D) worthless52. What was intended as a peaceful demonstration rapidly _____ into violence.A) caused B) resorted C) generated D) degenerated53. "Do you want to see my ID card or student card?" "Oh, _____."A) either one does wellB) each one is goodC) either one will doD) each will be fine54. The number of people invited to the party _____ two hundred, but a number of them _____ absent for various reasons.A) were … wasB) was … wereC) was … wasD) were … were55. The two most common _____ in making a cake are flour and sugar.A) elements B) factors C) components D) ingredients56. We had to refuse the dinner invitation because of a _____ engagement.A) primary B) preceding C) prior D) prevalent57. On no _____ will you be allowed to drive after drinking alcohol.A) occasion B) circumstance C) situation D) condition58. The student was _____ his head and wondering how he could afford such an expensive computer.A) scratching B) scraping C) screening D) screeching59. The visitors were amazed to see so many _____ and precious treasures in the museum.A) strange B) infrequent C) rare D) odd60. In summer I like to go to the seaside. It _____ good to lie on the beach or swim in the cool sea.A) feels B) does C) gets D) makes61. The last ten years _____ tremendous changes in the city.A) searched B) investigated C) witnessed D) overlooked62. Mr. Jason is an _____ force ― he pushes his students to excel far beyond their own expectations.A) excessive B) agreeable C) aggressive D) inspirational63. Foreign tourists who have paid tax on things they have brought into the country can _____ it when they leave the country with them.A) claim B) acclaim C) exclaim D) reclaim64. _____ in thought, Mr. Smith almost ran into the car in front of him.A) Losing B) Lost C) Having lost D) T o lose65. For the health of babies, breastfeeding is far superior _____ bottle-feeding.A) to B) than C) beyond D) versusPart IV TranslationSection A:Directions: Read the following passage and translate the 5 underlined sentences into Chinese.(5 points)(66) The basic belief behind adult education programs is thata country will be economically and politically stronger if its people are well educated. Germany worries about Germans who cannot read or write and cannot understand the news orparticipate in political life. These people will not be represented in the government. (67) In the United States, it was recently estimated that almost 20 percent of the adults have some difficulty reading and that the cost of this lack of education is as much as $225 billion. (68) Brazil(巴西)worries about farmers who do not know enough about modern farming techniques to use technology effectively. Without the help of these farmers, Brazil's agricultural income will be lower.Adult education faces many obstacles, however. Adults are not accustomed to returning to school and sitting for long hours listening to teachers and reading books. Also, many adults are ashamed or afraid to go back to school. (69) They often think that they will appear to be unintelligent or that they will fail. Adults often have little time for education. They have jobs and families and cannot take four or six or eight or more hours every day to go to school. (70) Because of these problems, adults often cannot go to school, so school must go to the adults.66.____________________________________________________________________ ______67.____________________________________________________________________ ______68.____________________________________________________________________ ______69.____________________________________________________________________ ______70.____________________________________________________________________ ______Section BDirections: In this section, you will translate 5 sentences below into English. (10 points)71. 世界上最大的工业--旅游业--每年的产值为4万4千亿美元,并在全世界提供约2亿3千万个工作。

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四级模拟题2Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意:此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Welcome to our club. You should write at least 120 wordsfollowing the outline given bellow:Welcome to our club1、本社团的主要活动内容2、参加本社团的好处3、如何加入本社团Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in thepassage;N (for NO) if statement contradicts the information given in thepassage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Protect Your Privacy When Job-hunting OnlineIdentity theft and identity fraud are terms used to refer to all types of crime in which someone wrongfully obtains and uses another person’s personal data in some way that involves fraud or deception, typically for economic gain.The numbers associated with identity theft are beginning to add up fast these days.A recent General Accounting Office report estimates that as many as 750,000 Americans are victims of identity theft every year. And that number may be low, as many people choose not to report the crime even if they know they have been victimized.Identity theft is “an absolute epidemic,” states Robert Ellis Smith, a respected author and advocate o f privacy. “It’s certainly picked up in the last four or five years. It’s worldwide. It affects everybody, and there’s very little you can do to prevent it and, worst of all, you can’t detect it until it’s probably too late.”Unlike your fingerprints, which are unique to you and cannot be given to someone else for their use, you personal data, especially your social security number, your bank account or credit card number, your telephone calling card number, and other valuable identifying data, can be used, if they fall into the wrong hands, to personally profit at your expense. In the United States and Canada, for example, many people have reported that unauthorized persons have taken funds out of their bank or financial accounts, or, in the worst cases, taken over their identities altogether, running up vast debts and committing crimes while using the victims’ names. In many cases, a victim’s losses may included not only out-of-pocket financial losses, but substantial additional financial costs associated with trying to restore his reputation in the community and correcting erroneous information for which the criminal is responsible.According to the FBI, identity theft is the number one fraud committed on the Internet. So how do job seekers protect themselves while continuing to circulate their resumes online? The key to a successful online job search is learning to manager the risks. Here are some tips for staying safe while conducting a job search on the Internet.1. Check for a privacy policy.If you are considering posting your resume online, make sure the job search site your are considering has a privacy policy, like . The policy should spell out how your information will be used, stored and whether or not it will be shared. You may want to think twice about posting your resume on a site that automatically shares your information with others. You could be opening yourself up to unwanted calls from solicitors (推销员).When reviewing the site’s privacy policy, you’ll be able to delete your resume just as easily as you posted it. You won’t necessarily want your resume to remain out there on the Internet once you land a job. Remember, the longer your resume remains posted on a job board, the more exposure, both positive and not-so-positive, it will receive.2. Take advantage of site features.Lawful job search sites offer levels of privacy protection. Before posting your resume, carefully consider your job search objective and the level of risk you are willing to assume., for example, offers three levels of privacy from which job seekers can choose. The first is standard posting. This option gives job seekers who post their resumes the most visibility to the broadest employer audience possible.The second is anonymous(匿名的) posting. This allows job seekers the same visibility as those in the standard posting category without any of their contact information being displayed. Job seekers who wish to remain anonymous but want to share some other information may choose which pieces of contact information to display.The third is private posting. This option allows a job seeker to post a resume without having it searched by employers. Private posting allows job seekers to quickly and easily apply for jobs that appear on without retypingtheir information.3. Safeguard your identity.Career experts say that one of the ways job seekers can stay safe while using the Internet to search out jobs is to conceal their identities. Replace your name on your resume with a generic (泛指的) identifier, such as “Intranet Developer Candidate,” or “Experienced Marketing Representative.”You should also consider eliminating the name and location of your current employer. Depending on your title, it may not be all that difficult to determine who you are once the name of your company is provided. Use a general description of the company such as “Major auto manufacturer,” or “International packaged goods sup plier.”If your job title is unique, consider using the generic equivalent instead of the exact title assigned by your employer.4. Establish and email address for your search.Another way to protect your privacy while seeking employment online is to open up an email account specifically for your online job search. This will safeguard your existing email box in the event someone you don’t know gets hold of your email address and shares it with others.Using an email address specifically for you job search also eliminates the possibility that you will receive unwelcome emails in your primary mailbox. When naming your new email address, be sure that it doesn’t contain references to your name or other information that will give away your identity. The best solution is an email address that is relevant to the job you are seeking such as salesmgr2004@.5. Protect your reference.If your resume contains a section with the names and contact information of your references, take it out. There’s no sense in safeguarding your information while sharing private contact information of your references.6. Keep confidential (机密的) information confidential.Do not, under any circumstances, share your social security, driver’s license, and bank account numbers or other personal information, such as race or eye color. Honest employers do not need this information with an initial a pplication. Don’t provide this even if they say they need it in order to conduct a background check. This is one of the oldest tricks in the book –don’t fall for it.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

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