2014年考研英语一真题完整版 答案解析
2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试
英语(一)试题
Section Ⅰ Use of English
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for
each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.
(10 points)
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their
memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly
can't remember 1 we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old
acquaintance's name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the
brain 2 , we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments." 3 seemingly
innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(an) 4 impact on
our professional, social, and personal 5 .
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are
increasingly showing that there's actually a lot that can be done. It 6 out
that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and
the right mental 7 can significantly improve our basic cognitive 8 .
Thinking is essentially a 9 of making connections in the brain. To a
certain extent, our ability to 10 in making the connections that drive
intelligence is inherited. 11 , because these connections are made through
effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and
fluctuate 12 mental effort.
Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step 13 and
developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help
people improve and regain their mental 14 .
The Web-based program 15 you to systematically improve your
memory and attention skills. The program keeps 16 of your progress andprovides detailed feedback 17 your performance and improvement. Most
importantly, it 18 modifies and enhances the games you play to 19 on the
strengths you are developing--much like a(n) 20 exercise routine requires
you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
1.[A]where [B]when [C]that [D]why
2.[A]improves [B]fades [C]recovers [D]collapses
3.[A]If [B]Unless [C]Once [D]While
4.[A]uneven [B]limited [C]damaging [D]obscure
5.[A]wellbeing [B]environment [C]relationship [D]outlook
6.[A]turns [B]finds [C]points [D]figures
7.[A]roundabouts [B]responses [C]workouts [D]associations
8.[A]genre [B]functions [C]circumstances [D]criterion
9.[A]channel [B]condition [C]sequence [D]process
10.[A]persist [B]believe [C]excel [D]feature
11.[A]Therefore [B]Moreover [C]Otherwise [D]However
12.[A]according to [B]regardless of [C]apart from [D]instead
of
13.[A]back [B]further [C]aside [D]around
14.[A]sharpness [B]stability [C]framework [D]flexibility
15.[A]forces [B]reminds [C]hurries [D]allows
16.[A]hold [B]track [C]order [D]pace
17.[A] to [B]with [C]for [D]on
18.[A]irregularly [B]habitually [C]constantly [D]unusually
19.[A]carry [B]put [C]build [D]take
20.[A]risky [B]effective [C]idle [D]familiar
答案：1-5 ABDCA 6-10 ACBDC 11-15 DABAD 16-20 BDCCB
答案解析：1. [标准答案] [A] [考点分析] 上下文语义和连词辨析[选项分析] 本题考查连词。根据上下文意思，首先可以排除[B][C]
[D]。这句话中 where 引导一个状语语从句，主要是说记不清把钥匙
放在哪里了。
2. [标准答案] [B] [考点分析] 上下文语义和动词辨析
[选项分析] As the brain 2 we refer to these occurrences as
"senior moments这句话的意思是“由于大脑 2 我们称这些现象
为“瞬间性老年痴呆”，由此可以排除[A] 和 [C]。[D]collapse意
为：使倒塌，使崩溃，不符合题意。fades考察熟词僻意，通常意思为
褪色，逝去。还有衰老的意思，这里就考察是衰老的意思。从前文可
以看出，文章讲的是随着年龄增长，大脑衰老。所以选[B]
3. [标准答案] [D] [考点分析] 逻辑衔接题
[选项分析] [A] if 表示假设“如果”。[B] Unless “除非，如果
不”。[C]Once “一旦”。[D]While，“虽然，然而”表转折。这句
话的意思是虽然表面上看起来没什么，但是危害很大，前后位转折关
系，所以选D。
4. [标准答案] [C] [考点分析] 上下文语义和词汇辨析
[选项分析] 这四个选项均为形容词，[A] 表示“不均匀”， [B] 表
示“有限的”， [C] 表示“有破坏性的，损坏的”， [D] 表示“模
糊的，晦涩的”。这句话意思是这种精神能量的缺失会给我们带
来……的影响。根据上下文的意思，可以排除 [A] 和 [D]。而“有限
的影响”显然不足以表达危害的严重性，故可以排除[B] 选项。[C]
“带来有害的影响”最符合作者意图。
5. [标准答案] [A][考点分析] 上下文语义和名词辨析
[选项分析] 本句话含义是这种精神能量的缺失会给我们的职业、社交
还有个人……带来有害的影响。[A] wellbeing “幸福”。
[B]environment “环境”。[C] relationship “关系”。[D]
outlook “展望”。and连接若干名词，这些名词应该为同一类，职业、社交都是和个人相关，排除[B] 和[D]，[C] personal
relationship就是social的意思，不能重复，选择[A]，个人幸福。
6. [标准答案] [A][考点分析] 固定搭配
[选项分析] [A] it turns out that “原来，其实” 。[B]it
finds out that“本文发现”。[C] it points out that“指出”。
[D] it figures out that“本文发现”。It代表神经科学，这句话
的意思是越来越多的精神学家们都表示，大脑其实跟肌肉一样需要练
习运动。这里给出的是神经科学的结论，因此选择it turns out
that
7. [标准答案] [C][考点分析] 上下文语义和名词辨析
[选项分析] 这四个选项均为名词。[A] roundabouts迂回路线。
[B]responses回应。[C]workouts锻炼，练习。[D]associations协
会。[C]workouts锻炼，练习与前文出现的exercise都有“锻炼，练
习”的意思，近义词复现，所以选[C]
8. [标准答案] [B] [考点分析] 上下文语义和名词辨析
[选项分析] 这四个选项均为名词。[A]genre类型，种类。
[B]functions功能。[C]circumstances情况，环境。 [D]criterion
批评判断的标准、准则。这句话的意思是正确的智力运动能极大地提
高我们最基本的认知功能，根据语义，选择 [B]functions功能。
9. [标准答案] [D] [考点分析] 上下文语义和名词辨析
[选项分析] 这四个选项均为名词。[A] channel通道，频道。
[B]condition条件。[C]sequence顺序，序列。[D]process过程，步
骤。根据常识，思考是一个过 程，并且通过脑神经相互接触来完成，
其他选项表示渠道、序列、条件，均不符合常识。因此正确答案是表
示过程的[D]选项。这句话的意思是思考是大脑神经连 接必要的过
程。
10. [标准答案] [D] [考点分析] 上下文语义和动词辨析
2014年考研英语一真题完整版答案解析
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered
blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that
their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We
suddenly can’t remember ___1___ we put the keys just a moment ago, or
an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love.
As the brain ___2___, we refer to these occurrences as “senior
moments.” ___3___ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can
potentially have a (n) ___4___ impact on our professional, social, and
personal ___5___.
Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are
increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It
___6___ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our
2019年考研英语一真题答案及解析
2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题答案详解
SectionIUseofEnglish
1、【答案】C.Few【试题考点】词义辨析和上下文语境
【解析】此题词义辨析和上下文语境。首句为主题句：今天，我们生活在一个GPS系
统，数字地图和其他导航应用程序都在我们的智能手机上唾手可得的世界。空格所在句指出：
我们中_____在没有电话，个人GPS或其他导航工具的情况下直接走进树林。本句有without
与few构成双重否定表肯定，根据语义应该填入few(几乎没有人)，符合文意。2、【答案】C.run【试题考点】词组搭配
【解析】此题考查词组搭配。runonbattery表示手机用电池发动，运行。其他选项：Puton(穿上;使运转);takeon(承担;呈现);comeon(快点;开始)，语义不通顺。故正确答案为[C]
run。
3、【答案】B.If【试题考点】逻辑关系
【解析】此题考查逻辑关系。空格所在句译文：____你在没有电话或指南针的情况下迷
路，____找不到北方，我们有一些技巧可以帮助你导航____文明。此处为假设的情况，故填
入if(如果)符合上下文的表达。其余选项：Since(因为;自从),though(虽然),until(直到)带入
后，语义不通顺。故正确答案为[B]If。4、【答案】D.literally【试题考点】词义辨析
【解析】空格所在句译文：____你在没有电话或指南针的情况下迷路，____找不到北方，
我们有一些技巧可以帮助你导航____文明。此处literally表示确实地，真正地，带入原文语
义通顺：你的确找不到北方。其余选项：Formally(正式地)，relatively(相对地)，gradually(逐
渐地)带入后，语义不通顺。故正确答案为[D]literally.5、【答案】A.back【试题考点】词义辨析和上下文语境
【解析】空格所在句译文：____你在没有电话或指南针的情况下迷路，____找不到北方，
2014年考研英语(一)真题及答案解析
2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorD
ontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)
Asmanypeoplehitmiddleage,theyoftenstarttonoticethattheirmemoryandmental
clarityarenotwhattheyusedtobe.Wesuddenlycan’tremember1weputthekeysjusta
momentago,oranoldacquaintance’sname,orthenameofanoldbandweusedtolove.Asthe
brain2,werefertotheseoccurrencesas“seniormoments.”3seemingly
innocent,thislossofmentalfocuscanpotentiallyhavea(n)4impactonourprofessional,
social,andpersonal5.
Neuroscientists,expertswhostudythenervoussystem,areincreasinglyshowingthatthere’s
actuallyalotthatcanbedone.It6outthatthebrainneedsexerciseinmuchthesameway
ourmusclesdo,andtherightmental7cansignificantlyimproveourbasiccognitive8.
Thinkingisessentiallya9ofmakingconnectionsinthebrain.Toacertainextent,our
2014年考研英语(一)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2014年考研英语（一）真题试卷 (题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. Use of English 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Writing
Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best
word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points)
As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory
and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember【B1】______we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the
name of an old band we used to love. As the brain【B2】______, we refer to these
occurrences as “ senior moments. “【B3】______seemingly innocent, this loss of
mental focus can potentially have a(n) 【B4】______impact on our professional, social,
and personal【B5】______. Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system,
are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It【B6】______out
2014年考研英语(一)真题及答案解析 2
2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorD
ontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)
Asmanypeoplehitmiddleage,theyoftenstarttonoticethattheirmemoryandmental
clarityarenotwhattheyusedtobe.Wesuddenlycan’tremember1weputthekeysjusta
momentago,oranoldacquaintance’sname,orthenameofanoldbandweusedtolove.Asthe
brain2,werefertotheseoccurrencesas“seniormoments.”3seemingly
innocent,thislossofmentalfocuscanpotentiallyhavea(n)4impactonourprofessional,
social,andpersonal5.
Neuroscientists,expertswhostudythenervoussystem,areincreasinglyshowingthatthere’s
actuallyalotthatcanbedone.It6outthatthebrainneedsexerciseinmuchthesameway
ourmusclesdo,andtherightmental7cansignificantlyimproveourbasiccognitive8.
Thinkingisessentiallya9ofmakingconnectionsinthebrain.Toacertainextent,our
2014年考研数学一真题与解析
1 2014年考研数学一真题与解析
一、选择题 1—8小题．每小题4分，共32分．
１．下列曲线有渐近线的是
（A）xxysin （B）xxysin2
（C）xxy1sin （D）xxy12sin
【分析】只需要判断哪个曲线有斜渐近线就可以．
【详解】对于xxy1sin，可知1xyxlim且01xxyxxsinlim)(lim，所以有斜渐近线xy
应该选（C）
2．设函数)(xf具有二阶导数，xfxfxg)())(()(110，则在],[10上（ ）
（A）当0)('xf时，)()(xgxf （B）当0)('xf时，)()(xgxf
（C）当0)(xf时，)()(xgxf （D）当0)(xf时，)()(xgxf
【分析】此题考查的曲线的凹凸性的定义及判断方法．
【详解1】如果对曲线在区间],[ba上凹凸的定义比较熟悉的话，可以直接做出判断．如果对区间上任意两点21xx,及常数10，恒有)()()()(212111xfxfxxf，则曲线是凸的．
显然此题中xxx,,1021，则)()()(211xfxf)()())((xgxfxf110，而)()(xfxxf211，
故当0)(xf时，曲线是凸的，即)()()()(212111xfxfxxf，也就是)()(xgxf，应该选（C）
【详解2】如果对曲线在区间],[ba上凹凸的定义不熟悉的话，可令xfxfxfxgxfxF)())(()()()()(110，则010)()(FF，且)(")("xfxF，故当0)(xf时，曲线是凸的，从而010)()()(FFxF，即0)()()(xgxfxF，也就是)()(xgxf，应该选（C）
2012年考研英语一真题原文及答案解析完整版
1
2012年考研英语一真题原文及答案解析完整版
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C
or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C
or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue
recently. The court cannot _1_ its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law _2_ justices behave
like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that _3_ the court’s reputation for
being independent and impartial.
Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes
it less likely that the court’s decisions will be _4_ as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is
2014年考研英语一真题
- 1 -
2014年全国硕士研究生招生考试
英语一试题
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and nark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER
SHEET. (10 points)
①As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what
they used to be. ②We suddenly can’t remember 1 we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old
acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. ③As the brain 2 , we refer to these
occurrences as “senior moments.” ④ 3 seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a
(n) 4 impact on our professional, social, and personal 5 .
①Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot
that can be done. ②It 6 out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right
2014年考研英语一真题及答案解析0204192257
2014硕士研究生统一入学考试 英语一 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points) As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can’t remember ___1___ we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance’s name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain ___2___, we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments." ___3___ seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a (n) ___4___ impact on our professional, social, and personal ___5___. Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there’s actually a lot that can be done. It ___6___ out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental ___7___ can significantly improve our basic cognitive ___8___. Thinking is essentially a ___9___ of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to ___10___ in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. ___11___, because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate ___12___ mental effort. Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step ___13___ and developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental ___14___. The Web-based program ___15___ you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps ___16___ of your progress and provides detailed feedback ___17___ your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it ___18___modifies and enhances the games you play to ___19___ on the strengths you are developing—much like a(n) ___20___exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use. 1. [A]where [B]when [C]that [D]why 2. [A]improves [B]fades [C]recovers [D]collapses 3. [A]If [B]Unless [C]Once [D]While 4. [A]uneven [B]limited [C]damaging [D]obscure 5. [A]wellbeing [B]environment [C]relationship [D]outlook 6. [A]turns [B]finds [C]points [D]figures 7. [A]roundabouts [B]responses [C]workouts [D]associations 8. [A]genre [B]functions [C]circumstances [D]criterion 9. [A]channel [B]condition [C]sequence [D]process 10. [A]persist [B]believe [C]excel [D]feature 11. [A] Therefore [B] Moreover [C] Otherwise [D] However 12. [A]according to [B]regardless of [C]apart from [D]instead of 13. [A]back [B]further [C]aside [D]around 14. [A]sharpness [B]stability [C]framework [D]flexibility 15. [A]forces [B]reminds [C]hurries [D]allows 16. [A]hold [B]track [C]order [D]pace 17. [A]to [B]with [C]for [D]on 18. [A]irregularly [B]habitually [C]constantly [D]unusually 19. [A]carry [B]put [C]build [D]take 20. [A]risky [B]effective [C]idle [D]familiar Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points) Text 1 In order to "change lives for the better" and reduce "dependency" George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, introduced the "upfront work search" scheme. Only if the jobless arrive at the jobcentre with a CV, register for online job search, and start looking for work will they be eligible for benefit and then they should report weekly rather than fortnightly. What could be more reasonable? More apparent reasonableness followed. There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker’s allowance. "Those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on." he claimed. "We’re doing these things because we know they help people stay off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster." Help? Really? On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with "reforms" to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidises laziness. What motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for "fundamental fairness"— protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits. Losing a job is hurting: you don’t skip down to the jobcentre with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state. It is financially terrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life. Worse, the crucial income to feed yourself and your family and pay the bills has disappeared. Ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answer is always: a job. But in Osborneland, your first instinct is to fall into dependency — permanent dependency if you can get it — supported by a state only too ready to indulge your falsehood. It is as though 20 years of ever-tougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happened. The principle of British welfare is no longer that you can insure yourself against the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens. Even the very phrase "jobseeker’s allowance" — invented in 1996 — is about redefining the unemployed as a "jobseeker" who had no mandatory right to a benefit he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions. Instead, the claimant receives a time-limited "allowance," conditional on actively seeking a job; no entitlement and no insurance, at £71.70 a week, one of the least generous in the EU. 21. George Osborne’s scheme was intended to [A]provide the unemployed with easier access to benefits. [B]encourage jobseekers’ active engagement in job seeking. [C]motivate the unemployed to report voluntarily. [D]guarantee jobseekers’ legitimate right to benefits. 22. The phrase, "to sign on" (Line 3, Para. 2) most probably means [A]to check on the availability of jobs at the jobcentre. [B]to accept the government’s restrictions on the allowance. [C]to register for an allowance from the government. [D]to attend a governmental job-training program. 23. What prompted the chancellor to develop his scheme? [A]A desire to secure a better life for all.
2014年考研英语一真题完整版答案解析 2
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)
Asmanypeoplehitmiddleage,theyoftenstarttonoticethattheirmemoryandmentalclarityarenotwhattheyusedtobe.Wesuddenlycan’tremember___1___weputthekeysjustamomentago,oranoldacquaintance’sname,orthenameofanoldbandweusedtolove.Asthebrain___2___,werefertotheseoccurrencesas“seniormoments.”___3___seeminglyinnocent,thislossofmentalfocuscanpotentiallyhavea(n)___4___impactonourprofessional,social,andpersonal___5___.
Neuroscientists,expertswhostudythenervoussystem,areincreasinglyshowingthatthere’sactuallyalotthatcanbedone.It___6___outthatthebrainneedsexerciseinmuchthesamewayourmusclesdo,andtherightmental___7___cansignificantlyimproveourbasiccognitive___8___.Thinkingisessentiallya___9___ofmakingconnectionsinthebrain.Toacertainextent,ourabilityto___10___inmakingtheconnectionsthatdriveintelligenceisinherited.___11___,becausetheseconnectionsaremadethrougheffortandpractice,scientistsbelievethatintelligencecanexpandandfluctuate___12___mentaleffort.