21考研英语（一）真题及解析
2021年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试
英语（一）试题
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonthe
ANSWERSHEET.(10points)
Fluidintelligenceisthetypeofintelligencethathastodowithshort-termmemoryandtheabilitytothink
quickly,logically,andabstractlyinordertosolvenewproblems.It1inyoungadulthood,levelsoutfora
periodoftime,andthen2startstoslowlydeclineasweage.But3agingisinevitable,scientistsare
findingoutthatcertainchangesinbrainfunctionmaynotbe.
Onestudyfoundthatmusclelossandthe4ofbodyfataroundtheabdomenareassociatedwithadecline
influidintelligence.Thissuggeststhe5thatlifestylefactorsmighthelppreventor6thistypeofdecline.
Theresearcherslookedatdatathat7measurementsofleanmuscleandabdominalfatfrommorethan
4,000middle-to-older-agedmenandwomenand8thatdatatoreportedchangesinfluidintelligenceovera
six-yearperiod.Theyfoundthatmiddle-agedpeople9highermeasuresofabdominalfat10worseon
measuresoffluidintelligenceastheyears11.
Forwomen,theassociationmaybe12tochangesinimmunitythatresultedfromexcessabdominalfat;in
men,theimmunesystemdidnotappeartobe13.Itishopedthatfuturestudiescould14thesedifferences
andperhapsleadtodifferent15formenandwomen.16therearestepsyoucan17tohelpreduceabdominalfatandmaintainleanmusclemassasyouage
inordertoprotectbothyourphysicalandmental18.Thetwohighlyrecommendedlifestyleapproachesare
maintainingorincreasingyour19ofaerobicexerciseandfollowingMediterranean-style20thatishighin
fiberandeliminateshighlyprocessedfoods.
1.[A]pauses[B]return[C]peaks[D]fades
2.[A]alternatively[B]formally[C]accidentally[D]generally
3.[A]while[B]since[C]once[D]until
4.[A]detection[B]accumulation[C]consumption[D]separation
5.[A]possibility[B]decision[C]goal[D]requirement
6.[A]delay[B]ensure[C]seek[D]utilize
7.[A]modified[B]supported[C]included[D]predicted
8.[A]devoted[B]compared[C]converted[D]applied
9.[A]with[B]above[C]by[D]against
10.[A]lived[B]managed[C]scored[D]played
11.[A]ranout[B]setoff[C]drewin[D]went
by12.[A]superior[B]attributable[C]parallel[D]resistant
13.[A]restored[B]isolated[C]involved[D]controlled
14.[A]alter[B]spread[C]remove[D]explain
15.[A]compensations[B]symptoms[C]demands[D]treatments
16.[A]Likewise[B]Meanwhile[C]Therefore[D]Instead
17.[A]change[B]watch[C]count[D]take
18.[A]well-being[B]process[C]formation[D]coordination
19.[A]level[B]love[C]knowledge[D]space
20.[A]design[B]routine[C]diet[D]prescription
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.Markyouranswers
ontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)
Text1
HowcanBritain’strainoperatorspossiblyjustifyyetanotherincreasetorailpassengerfares?Ithasbecomea
grimlyreliableannualritual:everyJanuarythecostoftravellingbytrainrises,imposingasignificantextraburden
onthosewhohavenooptionbuttousetherailnetworktogettoworkorotherwise.Thisyear’sriseanaverageof
2.7percent,maybeafractionlowerthanlastyear’s,butitisstillwellabovetheofficialConsumerPriceInd-er
(CPI)measureofinflation.
Successivegovernmentshavepermittedsuchincreasesonthegroundsthatthecostofinvestinginandrunning
therailnetwork.Shouldbebornebythosewhouseit,ratherthanthegeneraltaxpayer.Why,theargumentgoes,
shouldacar-drivingpensionerfromLincoln-shirehavetosubscribethedailycommuteofastockbrokerfrom
survey?Equally,thereisasensethatthetravailsofcommutersinthesouthEast,manyofwhomwillfaceamong
thebiggestrises,havereceivedtoomuchattentioncomparedtothosewhomustenduretherelativitypoor
infrastructureoftheMidlandsandtheNorth.
However,overthepast12months,thosecommutershavealsoexperiencedsomeoftheworstrailstrikesin
years.Itisallverywelltrainoperatorstrumpetingtheimprovementstheyaremakingtothenetwork,but
passengersshouldbeabletoexpectabasiclevelofserviceforthesubstantialsumstheyarenowpayingtotravel.
Theresponsibilityforthetestwaveofstrikesrestsonthewines.However,thereisastrongcasethatthosewho
havebeenworstaffectedbyindustrialactionshouldreceivecompensationforthedisruptiontheyhavesuffered.
TheGovernmenthaspledgedtochangethelawtointroduceaminimumservicerequirement,sothat,even
whenstrikesoccur,servicescancontinuetooperate.Thisshouldfrompartofawiderpackageofmeasuresto
addressthelong-runningproblemsonBritain’srailways.Yes,moreinvestmentisneeded,butpassengerswillnot
bewillingtopaymoreindefinitelyiftheymustalsoendurecramped,unreliableservicesinterruptedby
regularchaoswhentimetablesarechanged,orplannedmaintenanceismanagedincompetently.Theythreatof
nationalizationmayhavebeenseenofffornow,butitwillreturnwithavengeanceifthejustifiedangerof
passengersisnotaddressedinshortorder.
21.Theauthorholdsthatthisyear'sincreaseinrailpassengerfares.
[A]haskeptpacewithinflation.
[B]isabigsurprisetocommuters.
[C]remainsanunreasonablemeasure.
2023考研英语一真题及答案
2023年全国硕士研究生招生考试
英语（一）试题
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,C
orDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)
CaravanseraiswereroadsideinnsthatwerebuiltalongtheSilkRoadinareasincludingChina,
NorthAfricaandtheMiddleEast.Theyweretypically__1__outsidethewallsofacityorvillage
andwereusuallyfundedbygovernmentsor__2__.
Thisword"Caravanserais"isa__3__ofthePersianword"karvan",whichmeansagroupof
travellersoracaravan,andseray,apalaceorenclosedbuilding.ThePermcaravanwasusedto
__4__groupsofpeoplewhotravelledtogetheracrosstheancientnetworkforsafetyreasons,
__5__merchants,travellersorpilgrims.
Fromthe10thcenturyonwards,asmerchantandtravelroutesbecomemoredeveloped,the
__6__oftheCaravanseraisincreasedandtheyservedasasafeplaceforpeopletorestatnight.
TravellersontheSilkRoad__7__possibilityofbeingattackedbythievesorbeing__8__to
2023考研英语一真题及参考答案
第 1 页 共 24 页 2023考研英语一真题及参考答案
2023考研英语一真题及参考答案
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)
for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the
ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
The traditional wedding is a long and colorful
affair. Formerly it lasted three days 7 by the 1980s
it more monly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist
priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing.
Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9
cotton threads soaked in holy water around the
bride’s and groom’s wrists ,and 10 a candle around a
circle of happily married and respected couples to
bless the 11 .Newlyweds traditionally move in with the
wife’s parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13
they can build a flew house nearby.
参考答案：BDCACACCDBDDBACDBACA 第 2 页 共 24 页 1. [A] by way of [B] as well as [C] on behalf of
2024年考研英语(一)真题及答案解析
2024年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题
SectionIUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorD
ontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)
There'snothingmorewelcomingthanadooropeningforyou.theneedtobetouchedto
openorclose,automaticdoorsareessentialin2disabledaccesstobuildingsandhelping
providegeneral3tocommercialbuildings.
Self-slidingdoorsbegantoemergeasacommercialproductin1960afterbeinginventedsix
years4byAmericansDeeHortonandLewHewitl.They5asanoveltyfeature,butas
theirusehasgrown,their6haveextendedwithinourtechnologicallyadvancedworld.
Particularly7inbusylocationsorduringtimesofemergency,thedoors8Crowd
managementbyreducingtheobstaclesputinpeople'sway.9makingaccessbothinandoutofbuildingseasierforpeople,thedifferenceintheway
manyofthesedoorsopenhelpsreducethetotalarea10bythem.Automaticdoorsoftenopen
2022考研英语一真题及答案解析(完整版)
2022考研英语一真题及答案解析(完整版）
一、完形填空
1. 题目分析：本题主要考查考生对上下文语境的理解及词汇辨析能力。文章讲述了人们对于时间的感知及其影响因素。
答案解析：第一空选A，根据下文提到的“我们的时间感知受到注意力的影响”，可知此处应选与“注意力”相关的词汇，故A选项“focus”符合题意。
2. 题目分析：本题要求考生根据上下文逻辑关系选择合适的连词。
答案解析：第二空选B，前后两句为因果关系，故B选项“because”为正确答案。
3. 题目分析：本题考查考生对固定搭配的掌握。
答案解析：第三空选C，"range fromto"为固定搭配，表示“从……到……的范围”，故C选项正确。
二、阅读理解
Part A
Part B
分析：本文为议论文，主要讨论了社交媒体对青少年心理健康的影响。
答案解析：第41题选F，根据文章结构可知，F选项“社交媒体对青少年心理健康的影响”为文章主旨。
三、翻译
分析：本题要求考生将一段关于中国传统文化与现代科技融合的中文翻译成英文。 四、写作
Section A
分析：本部分要求考生根据所给图表写一篇短文，图表展示了某高校学生阅读兴趣的变化趋势。
答案解析：
The chart illustrates the changes in college students'
reading interests over a period of three years. It is evident
that there has been a significant shift in their preferences.
Initially, fiction was the genre of choice for the majority
of students, accounting for 60%. However, over the next two
考研英语一真题及答案完整版（word）
考研英语一真题及答案完整版（word）
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each
numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10
points)
Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as
fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is _(1)_a study,
published from the University of California and Yale University in
the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has__(2)_.
The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted _(3)__1,932
unique subjects which __(4)__pairs of unrelated friends and
unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both_(5)_.
While 1% may seem_(6)_,it is not so to a geneticist. As James
Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says,
“Most people do not even _(7)_their fourth cousins but
somehow manage to select as friends the people who_(8)_our
2021考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(12)
第 1 页 共 14 页
2021考研英语真题阅读理解试题及名师解析(12)
模考：在线考试中心
目录：
题目
名师解析
难句解析
全文翻译
题目：
If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile,
you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems.
Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to
show them that you are one of them or that you understand their
situation and are in sympathy with their point of view.
Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be
different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may
refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries;
alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want
to comment on their disorganized bosses。
Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses' convention,
of a story which works well because the audience all shared the
same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown
2023年考研英语(一)试题及答案
第 1 页 共 32 页 2023年考研英语(一)试题及答案
2023年考研英语(一)试题及答案
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word (s)
for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the
ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer
may be a resounding “yes!” 1 helping you feel close
and 2 to people you care about, it turns out that hugs
can bring a 3 of health benefits to your body and mind.
Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you
4 getting sick this winter.
In a recent study 5 over 400 health adults,
researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in
Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social
support and the receipt of hugs 6 the participants'
susceptibility to developing the mon cold after being
7 to the virus .People who perceived greater social 第 2 页 共 32 页 support were less likely to e 8 with a cold ,and the
2021年考研英语翻译真题及详细解析(英译汉)
第 1 页 共 9 页
2021年考研英语翻译真题及详细解析(英译汉)
2021年考研英语英译汉试题及解析
In his autobiography, Darwin himself speaks of his
intellectual powers with extraordinary modesty. He points out
that he always experienced much difficulty in expressing
himself clearly and concisely, but (46) he believes that this
very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of
forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence,
and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his
own observations. He disclaimed the possession of any great
quickness of apprehension or wit, such as distinguished Huxley.
(47) He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and
purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which
reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with
mathematics. His memory, too, he described as extensive, but
2022年考研《英语(一)》考试真题及答案解析【完整版】
2022 年考研《英语（一）》考试真题及答案解析【完整版】
Sec t i on I Use of Eng l i sh
Directions: Read the fo I I owing t ext . Choose the best word ( s) for each
numbered b I ank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. ( 10 points)
The i dea that pIants have some degree of consciousness first took root
in the early 2000s; the term "pl ant neur obi ol ogy wa s _ ( 1 ) a r oun d the
notion that some aspec t s of plant behavi or could be—(2) to
intel I igence in anima l s. 一 （3) p l ant s lack brains, the firing of
eIectr icaI si gna Is i n their stems and I eaves nonethe I ess triggered
responses t hat _ (4) consciousness, researchers previous I y r epor t ed.
But such an i dea i s untrue, according to a new op i n i on art i c I e. PI ant
biology is complex and f asc i nat i ng, but i t _ (S) so greatly from that
考研英语一真题及答案解析-完整版
考研英语一真题及答案解析-完整版
【考研英语一真题及答案解析-完整版】
考研英语一真题及答案解析已成为考研复习的重要内容之一。对于考生来说，了解历年真题以及解析对于备考至关重要。本文将为大家提供考研英语一真题及答案解析的完整版，旨在帮助考生更好地复习备考。
一、阅读理解
以下是一道考研英语一真题的阅读理解部分，附有答案解析：
Passage 1
In the late 19th century, the advent of the telephone and transportation of
ever-larger quantities of goods led to the elaboration of methods of mass
production, with the telephone expanding the market for products of all
kinds. But it was also clear at once that the telephone brought with it the
disadvantage of the growing number of interruptions in the intimacy (亲密)of family life.
As long as only telegrams could be received over the telephone, this
disadvantage only concerned business and politicians who could be
interrupted at home. But as soon as relatives and friends began to telephone
one another, people had to start struggling with new difficulties and new