研究生英语论文作业

The management of China’s Relations with its Neighbors and its Challenges under the Initiative of Belt One Road

1.ABSTRACT

To a great extent,the emergence and implementation of the “One Belt One Road”initiative symbolizes a major shift in China’s role within international relations. China has moved from its former role of an observer or participant vis-a-vis the international community or even the global into one of a positive promoter or even shaper of that order.While so,objectively speaking,the “One Belt one Road” is clearly a broad-based developmental initiative,involving many states and a massive population ,and is without precedent in Chinese diplomatic history.At the same time,the national contexts of the states bordering China’s “One Belt one Road” are extremely comliex,if not unavoidable impacts on the initiative.As such,the question of how China can manage its relations with so many different countries is inextricably related to the success of China’s “One Belt one Road”initiative.

KEY WORDS: One Belt One Road ; Neighboring States ; Challenges ; Management

Regardless of realism, liberalism and constructivism, the research on the behavior of international relations is the question of the proper meaning on the mainstream theories of international relations, but the research on the relationship between the process is obviously weak, the constructivism has been covered without the countries "relation" in-depth study. According to the research of domestic scholars, "relationship" reflects the Chinese traditional thought, and this cultural characteristic has important ideological significance in how to construct national relations. In other words, the importance of the relationship has important enlightenment to promote the implementation of the "China development initiative The Belt and Road". "Development initiative The Belt and Road" means that the China role in international relations began to change, which is involved in some extent from the past into a positive "shape", which relates to the strategy of many countries, population of the public, in Chinese unprecedented diplomatic history. In this context, good governance and "China Belt and Road Initiative along the country's relationship is directly related to the" The Belt and Road "development initiatives and defeat. However, the relationship between governance is important, but not for a relationship, this is obviously the most core challenges facing governance "and China Belt and Road Initiative" of the countries along. Only solution to this challenge is on the basis of China’snational culture to achieve, only in this way, China and The Belt and Road "of the countries along the governance in order to find the soul and the core, lay the foundation for the success of The Belt and Road" initiative.

2.Introduction

2.1 The significance of relationship governance to China and Belt and Road Initiative countries

First of all, fundamentally speaking, the relationship between Chinese and Belt and Road Initiative along the country governance effect directly determines the "The Belt and Road" initiative's success or failure, this is undoubtedly the national relationship management on "The

Belt and Road" the most important significance."The Belt and Road" in the "area" includes three parts, namely the North Silk Road Economic Belt, Pakistan Economic Corridor, Yu India Myanmar economic corridor; "the road" refers to the maritime silk road. "The Belt and Road" almost include the vast majority of countries in Eurasia, especially in countries including Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Holland, France, Germany, Belgium, Tajikistan, Maldives, Sri Lanka, India, Indonesia, Malaysia and other 17 countries, but if coupled with "The Belt and Road along with other countries," The Belt and Road "countries reached more than 60, the total population will account for more than 60% of the total population of the world. The more than 60 countries along to "The Belt and Road" initiative to actively respond, but involves the national strategic needs of a large number of countries are different, but also relates to many problems, such as some countries, non-traditional security problems, such as terrorism, some countries still exist and China border disputes.

Secondly, shaping the "development mode and criterion of Belt and Road Initiative" is another important significance Chinese along with national governance. As noted above, the proposed The Belt and Road "initiative indicates that Chinese is changing in the international community's identity, no longer blindly passive to comply with international rules, but to create conducive to the development of international society and its norms. Then what does China try The Belt and Road "shaping mode and criterion of? To find the answers to the idea from President Xi in September 7, 2013 and October 3, 2013 respectively in Kazakhstan and Indonesia's" The Belt and Road ".In.speaking in Kazakhstan, President Xi proposed to use the innovative model of cooperation to jointly build Silk Road Economic Belt; in the speech in Indonesia the President Xi is proposed to the development of marine partnership to jointly build the ASEAN countries, the twenty-first Century maritime silk road. From President Xi in Kazakhstan and Indonesia's speech, we can see that the development model of "The Belt and Road" at least includes the following meanings: peace, partners and open. In other words, "The Belt and Road" is not to seize the territory who, more than one turf, its essence is to create a relaxed and friendly environment for the development of the Eurasian region. This development model is clearly discriminatory and the existing international economic order is different, such as typical cases to China discriminatory terms joined in the world trade organization, not to mention the majority of developing countries generally face discrimination in terms of political cooperation with developed countries. So, to make the smooth development mode of "The Belt and Road" get along the country's approval, the importance of relationship governance emerged. The only good governance relationship Chinese and The Belt and Road along the country's development model of "The Belt and Road" will it be possible to get the national recognition, and then formed norms in the future of the international community, has been accepted by the international community.

Finally, the relationship between national governance and China along third major significance is to cultivate the The Belt and Road "collective emotion. In the light of constructivism, interactive governance influences behavior, and the process of interaction shapes and shapes the identity and interests of actors. Therefore, in the process of cooperation in relation governance, the state can construct collective identity. From President Xi's speech in Kazakhstan and Indonesia, we can see that when he proposed the Silk Road Economic Belt and the maritime Silk Road in twenty-first Century, it was a link between history and manpower. When it comes to "zone", he stressed that more than 2000 years ago, Zhang Qian, a messenger of peace in the Han Dynasty, made the two mission to Central Asia, thus opening the Silk Road linking Europe and

asia. When it comes to "one way", the president stressed the significance of Zheng and his seven voyages to the maritime Silk Road in the Ming dynasty. These are Chinese and Belt and Road Initiative along the country's memories of history. However, things change, because of the change of modern geopolitics, especially China in this kind of pattern has been suppressed, even long has been marginalized, "The Belt and Road" historical memory has not been fully excavated. What is more, with China in recent years continued economic growth, affected by geopolitical competition thinking, long-term adherence to peaceful development Chinese but by some countries to crown the "threat" in the name of unchecked, resulting in Chinese national image in the international community was severely damaged, causing a negative impact on the development of China and "The Belt and Road along the country's. In this context, the development of The Belt and Road "initiative for Chinese along the country and regain the historical memory, mining the rich nutrition, cultivate the common collective emotion has an important role to achieve geographical civilization under the background of common development. However, it is very important to regain such historical memory, cultivate collective emotion, reshape China's national image, and how to improve and perfect the path of China's core cohesive force. To accomplish such a task, it is clear that only relying on relationship governance can spread China's soft power in the process of interaction between actors.

2.2 Background

In September 2013 and October, when President Xi Jinping visited four Central Asian countries and Indonesia, he proposed the idea of building a "Silk Road Economic Belt" and "the maritime Silk Road in twenty-first Century". In December 2014, the central economic work conference this strategy will be included in the annual work tasks, and thus the "The Belt and Road (" strategy officially became the guiding ideology of Chinese internal affairs. In March 2015, the national development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of foreign affairs, the Ministry of Commerce jointly issued "to promote the construction of Silk Road Economic Belt and twenty-first Century Maritime Silk Road vision and action", "The Belt and Road" strategy into the implementation phase. "Belt and Road Initiative" conforms to the fundamental interests of the international community, highlighting the human society is the common ideal and pursuit, international cooperation and global governance in the new mode of active exploration, will add new energy to world peace and development. At the same time, as a prototype of specific China dream and Chinese geo strategy, "The Belt and Road" strategy for the contemporary China indicates the direction of development, planning the allocation pattern of global strategic resources for 30 years China future.

3.The form of relations governance between China and the countries along the “One Belt and One way”

From the perspective of the form of state relations, relational governance mainly involves the interaction of various state relations. We can roughly divide the state of state relations into three categories, namely, the starting point of interaction, the deepening of cooperation and the repetition of relations. On the basis of the above three types of relationship, relationship governance and "China Belt and Road Initiative along the country can be divided into three categories, namely the starting point of relationship governance, relationship governance and relational governance development degradation.

3.1 Starting point of relationship governance

We know that in the new starting point Belt and Road Initiative ", Chinese self determined identity is peaceful rise," The Belt and Road along the country's friend and partner, the identity and interests The Belt and Road along the country that is friends and partners, with the needs of economic development in developing countries. However, need to change the angle of view here, namely China into "the other", "The Belt and Road along the country become a" self "situation. In this case, the situation is very different. In the level of economic development, "The Belt and Road along the country recognized China development achievements, and also hope Chinese together to promote economic cooperation, to obtain economic development opportunities. However, in the construction of "The Belt and Road" starting point relations, many countries along these countries still have doubts, BP heart to Chinese actually thought is not only the economic interests, some of the domestic "The Belt and Road" was apparently also corroborated this idea (such as a major strategic layout). Thus, in China along with countries in the "The Belt and Road" starting point relationship construction in cognitive are fuzzy, situational definition and cognitive gap between both sides, which will implement the initiative for the next Chinese and Belt and Road Initiative along the country's governance and the relationship between "The Belt and Road" has brought great challenge.

3.2 Relationship governance

After setting up in the new situation under the background of the interactive relationship between the definition of starting point, China and The Belt and Road "countries along the relationship into the stage of development of relationship governance. From the interactive track Chinese and The Belt and Road along the country's point of view, the development of relations with Chinese governance "The Belt and Road along the country's main focus on the following key:

First, promote the strategic partnership with the construction of "China Belt and Road Initiative along the country's. The construction and development of strategic cooperative partners is a new normal state of relations between China's governance and other countries since twenty-first Century, and achieved very good results. According to statistics, China's partners in the world have reached 58. In the "The Belt and Road" along the country, the European Union, Britain, Italy, France, Spain, Portugal, Greece, Kazakhstan, Indonesia and Malaysia, the comprehensive strategic partnership; Pakistan all-weather strategic partners China; Germany for all-round strategic partnership; Nepal and Bangladesh for the comprehensive partnership; Thailand, Vietnam Kampuchea, Laos and Burma, the comprehensive strategic partnership; Afghanistan, South Korea, India and Sri Lanka as a strategic partner of ASEAN, the United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan; Turkmenistan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, China and Ukraine as a strategic partner. The relationship between Chinese and Belt and Road Initiative along the country governance in the future, the foreign partner will still is the priority among priorities. According to the needs of the construction and development of The Belt and Road ", some important countries such as India have potential to rise for the comprehensive strategic partnership, as the Southern Silk Road important channel of Turkey should also become the strategic focus of China partner diplomacy. On the other hand, how to enrich the Chinese and The Belt and Road along the national partnership content will be the future core of relationship governance.

Third, cultural exchanges will become an important part of relationship governance. Cultural exchanges is undoubtedly the construction of relations between countries is a long-term and fundamental work, one of the main contents are "The Belt and Road" development initiatives.

From the current situation, China and The Belt and Road along the country's cultural exchanges have made great success. Cultural exchanges involving "The Belt and Road" countries along the Southeast Asian countries, including India, Pakistan, Turkey, Iran, Israel, Arabia, Russia, Central Asia countries, Germany, France and Britain etc.. The rich connotation of cultural diplomacy, formed a unique cultural diplomacy, including: Confucius college and educational cooperation, theme activities, friendly city, medical diplomacy, sports diplomacy, diplomacy, diplomacy, Olympic Expo tourism diplomacy, Mrs. diplomacy, panda diplomacy etc.. In the new starting point The Belt and Road "initiative, China and The Belt and Road", along the South Asian countries, the countries of Central Asia and the Middle East countries have rich resources to explore cooperation.

3.3 Relational governance development degradation

Objectively speaking, the governance of state relations in general is moving in a positive direction, but due to the impact of many factors, the development of national relations will occur repeatedly. For example, in the cold war geopolitical situation, Chinese relations with the Soviet Union, China and India and other countries there was a serious setback, especially the relationship between China and India, although the two sides have made great efforts, but the bilateral relationship is greatly compromised in strategic mutual trust, mutual trust and a serious shortage. It Chinese and The Belt and Road "countries along, although the new background of the definition of both common interests and goals, but does not guarantee that the relationship between the two sides will Everything is going smoothly. governance. In recent years, the most prominent example is the severe retrogression of China Myanmar relations. 2011 is the climax of the China and Myanmar relations governance, the two countries signed the construction of a comprehensive strategic partnership agreement, but with Burma's political transformation period, China Myanmar relations in the trough, the degradation of the situation, the special relationship between the two sides to build after 20 years has been a great impact. Burma's private opinion is extremely dissatisfied with China, economic and trade cooperation between the two countries has come to a standstill. The uncertainty between the two countries is increasing, and the governance of the two countries will be in a dilemma.

However, for the "The Belt and Road", the problem will be more serious, because many countries along the political situation are facing the same problem with Burma or other more prominent problems, means that the relationship governance and "China Belt and Road Initiative along the country may face a state of degradation. According to the China Myanmar relations governance, some scholars put forward in accordance with the different scale of construction of national relationship model initiative, and suggested that in the adjustment of the mentality and thinking, strengthen top-level design, mechanism construction and policy implementation, major problems of management in the bilateral relations, promote pragmatic economic cooperation, establish a correct outlook of governance and other aspects of strengthening the bilateral the relationship between the. Another typical example is a setback for the China Sri Lankan cooperation project, which was announced in March 2015 by Sri Lanka's new government to suspend investment projects in Colombo. Although some scholars have analyzed the situation in Burma and Sri Lanka, they are closely related to the influence of external forces, but the root is still the problem of the governance of relations between China and other countries. Although the influence of external factors can not be ignored, the problems of China and Burmese relations still depend on the internal political transition and political struggle.

4. The way to relationship governance to China and Belt and Road Initiative countries

The “One belt and One Road”is very important to China and initiative countries,so what should be done to do well in relationship:

4.1 Co-governance

From the relevant leaders of the statement we can see that, "The Belt and Road initiative proposed for China though, but if only rely on China, is clearly not feasible. In China, governance and the relationship between these countries, should be fully respected "the main role of The Belt and Road along state actors, on the development of relations between the two sides to fully respect each other and consider the strategic demand.

4.2 Interactive governance

The relationship between governance, relationship of mutual construction, the interaction between the two is not only possible to shape the behavior body identity, and in the process of practice in the interaction may also produce behavior recognition of the relationship between governance norms and rules. "Belt and Road Initiative" is an international cooperation initiative, the design is not unilateral Chinese, so more attention should be paid to the interaction of relationship governance.

4.3 Key-governance

As everyone knows, "The Belt and Road" refers to the country very much, it is difficult for the relationship between corporate governance and China Belt and Road Initiative along the country's. Objectively speaking, although China economic strength greatly increased in recent years, and in quantity has become the second largest economy in the world, such as PPP, is Chinese already is the largest economy in the world, but the average economic indicators were low. This determines the "The Belt and Road" development, Chinese is not necessary in all aspects of strength, the key to find out the relationship between Chinese and The Belt and Road "national governance. Key countries should at least meet three conditions: better traffic conditions, and has certain anti-interference ability, which is facing the influence of third parties, and China cooperation will not be a large disturbance, but also have a sincere desire to cooperate with Chinese according to the above criteria, "the national strategic fulcrum The Belt and Road" at least including Indonesia Pakistan, Iran, Sri Lanka, Turkey, and Kazakhstan.

4.4 Multidimensional governance

The traditional inter state relations govern the behavior mainly is the country, the performer is the diplomatic representative. But with the interaction and practice of state relations becoming more and more abundant, the forms and contents of diplomacy are becoming more and more abundant. Of these, there are two very noteworthy phenomena. First, the rise of public diplomacy. Its forms include foreign aid, personnel visits, information exchange, cultural communication and media publicity. Two, sub actors are gradually involved in the management of relations between countries, such as urban diplomacy.

5.Conclusion

The Belt and Road "development initiative and implementation, provides an important way to create a good environment for the rise of China, its effect is how to have relations with these countries China governance effect. It can be said that the relationship between China and Belt and

Road Initiative along the country governance effectiveness determines the success and failure of the initiative The Belt and Road "development. Overall, we believe that the relationship between China along with national governance should not only consider the object's identity and interests, give enough respect, but also should break through the traditional model in relational governance in behavior, behavior, encourage the participation of non-state actors in relational governance.

More importantly, we believe that in the process of promoting the relationship Chinese along with national governance, should not avoid security issues, should actively promote the "common security" concept, the CICA opened a good start, China is to promote China on "common security" plan in relations with countries along the Chinese governance, thoroughly solve the problem of cooperation and strategic mutual trust China "Belt and Road Initiative along the country's problems.

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