可变砻谷胶辊结构的砻谷机的设计

摘要

胶辊砻谷机快辊与慢辊做相向运动，两辊速度的差异让谷物受到一对相反的摩擦力、协同挤压力形成搓撕效应而脱去其颖壳。虽然胶辊砻谷机的机型十分多样，但都是由进料机构，脱壳机构，传动装置和稻壳分离装置四部分组成。本文主要针对砻谷机的可变胶辊结构进行设计，完成谷物的脱壳。主要内容如下：

1.分析了课题研究的意义，我国砻谷机的发展现状，并确定了课题拟定的基本方案及解决的主要问题。

2.对砻谷机松紧辊及辊压调节的可参考的方案举出了两个实例，分别是压砣式辊压调节机构、自动化气压紧辊机构，通过多方对比，选择了压砣辊压调节机构作为本次课题的参考方案。

3.设计并且计算主要参数，确定了快速辊和慢速辊的线速度差、线速、线速和、双层进料流量，并对带传动的一系列参数进行了合理的选取。

4.确定胶辊砻谷机胶辊筒的主要零件的结构尺寸及松紧辊机构。完成了胶辊筒及组合式慢辊机构的部装设计。其中分析了松紧辊及辊压调节原理，确定了胶辊筒类型；完成了法兰的结构设计；完成胶辊轴的结构参数设计。

5.对设计方案的创新点进行了详细的阐述，并给出了合理的选择该方式的理由。

关键词：砻谷机；胶辊；可变胶辊结构；脱壳

Abstract

The rubber roller husker uses the differential transmission principle, and through the opposite movement between the fast roller and the slow roller, the speed difference between the two rollers causes the grain to be torn off by a pair of reverse friction forces and cooperative extrusion force to form a twisting and tearing effect. Although there are many types of rubber roller huskers, they all consist of four parts: feeding mechanism, hulling mechanism, transmission device and rice hull separating device.This paper mainly aimed at the design of variable structure roller huller, complete grain hulling.The main contents are as follows:

1. In this paper analyzes the significance of the subject study, the current development situation of rice huller in our country, and determines the basic plan drawn up by the subject and the main problems solved.

2. Two examples are given for the reference scheme of the huller's elastic roller and the roller pressure adjustment. they are the domestic roller pressure adjustment mechanism and the Sasaki automatic air pressure roller pressure adjustment mechanism. through comparison in many ways, the roller pressure adjustment mechanism of the roller pressure is selected as the reference scheme for this topic.

3. The main parameters are designed and calculated, the line speed difference, line speed, line speed and double-layer feed flow of the fast and slow rollers are determined, and a series of parameters of belt drive are designed and calculated.

4. Design and determine the structural dimensions of the main parts of the rubber roller barrel and elastic roller mechanism of the rubber roller husker. The design of the rubber roller cylinder and the combined slow roller mechanism was completed. Among them, the principle of elastic roller and roller pressure adjustment is analyzed, and the type of rubber roller cylinder is determined. The structural design of the flange has been completed. Complete the design of the structural parameters of the rubber roller shaft.

5.The innovative points of the design scheme are elaborated in detail, and the reasonable reasons for choosing this method are given.

Keywords: Huller; rollers; variable structure; de-hulling