汉译英(二)
《英汉互译2》教学大纲

英汉互译2、基本信息二、课程描述〃英汉互译〃系英语专业技能必修课程,这是一门操作性、技巧性很强的课程,它涉及两种语言和各方面的知识,是专业英语学生必须掌握的基础课程。
翻译是用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思想内容、感情、风格等忠实地重新表现出来的语言活动。
针对已获得基础语言水平和交际能力的英语专业学生,帮助其学习和掌握英汉互译基本技能,使学生能够针对各类文本体裁,较准确、流畅地进行汉英英汉双向笔译,为国际交流与合作培养高质量的笔译人才。
通过自评、互评和教师评阅等环节,重点训练学生在源语听辨、口译记忆、交传笔记、数字口译、信息重组、口译产出、话语分析、跨文化交际意识和口译职业化等放啊民的额实际应用能力。
通过学习,学生能够掌握基本的交传口译技巧,如记忆、笔记、综述、信息的快速分析、数字转换、连贯表达等;掌握不同口译场合所需的口译策略;轻松完成基本的商务口译任务,如外贸谈判、投资洽谈、会展口译、礼仪口译、旅游口译、联络陪同口译等。
三、教学目标通过本课程学习,使学生具备如下能力:1、本课程旨在培养学生对翻译工作的认识,了解翻译基础理论和英、汉两种语言的异同,掌握英汉两种语言互相转换的规律,掌握翻译的基本技巧,并能胜任普通的笔译工作。
2、学生通过一学期的学习和训练,能基本掌握英汉语言的显著差异,能够在达意、准确、连贯和忠实四个层面不断提高笔译水平;能够针对不同本文语境,流畅地进行汉英英汉双向,尤其是汉英笔译工作。
3、通过本课程的学习,要求学生能运用翻译理论和技巧将英美报刊文章及文学作品译成汉语,或将我国报刊、杂志上的文章或一般文学作品译成英语,翻译速度为每小时450 个英文单词左右,译文忠实于原著,语义流畅。
四、课程目标对毕业要求的支撑五、教学内容第1 章Going Global and Translation (支撑课程目标2、3)重点内容:翻译助力“走出去”的意义、条件、方法难点内容:中国文化走出去,翻译如何行教学内容:1、走出去的困惑2、名家推荐3、翻译思维4、跨文化交际意识5、翻译职业意识第2章Lexical Selection (支撑课程目标1、2、3)重点内容:词义选择难点内容:语篇中的词义选择教学内容:1、词语的意义2、语境意义3、搭配意义4^原型意义5、翻译评析第 3 章Variety of Translation重点内容:一词多义的翻译难点内容:语篇中的一词多义现象教学内容:1、汉语词语翻译的多样性2、汉语成语翻译的多样性3、汉语句子翻译的多样性4、翻译评析(TEM8)第 4 章Equivalence重点内容:对等译法难点内容:意义对等而非形式对等教学内容:1、警惕“假朋友”2、语境辨析与逻辑常识3、成语的对等译4、谚语的对等译6、翻译评析第 5 章Amplification, Reduction重点内容:增词与删减难点内容:增词与删减策略的语篇运用教学内容:1、出于语法需要的增词2、出于语义与修辞需要的增词3、范畴词删减4、语义重复的删减第 6 章Transproperty重点内容:词类转换难点内容:转性译法的运用教学内容:1、汉语动词转移2、汉语名词转移3、汉语形容词或副词转移4、翻译评析第7 章Hypotaxis & Parotaxis重点内容:意合与形合难点内容:意合向形合的转换教学内容:(支撑课程目标1、2)(支撑课程目标1、2、3)(支撑课程目标1、2)(支撑课程目标1、2)(支撑课程目标1、2、3)1、汉语意合的特点2、意合的实现手段4、英语形合的特点5、形合的实现手段6、翻译评析第8 章Documentary Translation (支撑课程目标2、3)重点内容:讲好中国故事,再议文献翻译难点内容:逻辑、严谨、选词教学内容:1、当今时代的中国故事2、译文的严谨性3、译文的逻辑性4、斟酌选词留有余地5、头重脚轻与头轻脚重六、教学安排该课程每周2学时,16周,16学时为课堂授课教学时间,16学时为课内实践教学(模拟口译、小组演练、同行评议)时间。
2011年11月二级笔译真题汉译英(二)

我国控烟和禁烟形势依然严峻(考试内容只节选了几百字,红色字体印象中有考到)尽管我们在控烟和禁烟方面做了大量工作,取得了一定成效,但控烟和禁烟形势依然严峻。
一、普遍对烟草烟雾危害性认识存在四大误区。
禁烟难、难禁烟,主要是对烟草烟雾的危害不认识或认识不足,甚至把吸烟说成好处多、贡献大、危害小、不伤害他人。
这些错误的认识包括:吸烟“好处多”。
很多烟民认为,吸烟可以消除疲劳、解除烦闷、振奋精神、刺激情绪;吸烟可以防止虫叮蚊咬,以毒攻毒消除某些病害;吸烟可以社交联谊、广交朋友、潇洒浪漫;吸烟可以帮助大脑启发思考、写作带来灵气等。
吸烟“贡献大”。
吸烟是为国家做贡献、创造财富、增加税收、脱贫致富、解决就业。
没有烟民,国家哪能每年收入几千个亿元税收,解决上千万人的就业,国家应感谢烟民,从而为吸烟找到所谓正当理由。
吸烟“无大害”。
许多烟民和社会公众认为吸烟有点害但无大害。
主要是尼古丁的毒害,这种毒害也是轻微的、漫长的、潜移默化的,只要自己身体好无大害,你看某位亲人一辈子吸烟活到九十九,不影响健康长寿。
其实,一些烟民只知道吸烟对人体的呼吸系统有影响,不知道烟雾中含有4000多种化学物质;只知道吸烟可能致癌,不知道烟雾中至少有40多种致癌物质;只知道吸烟有害,不知道烟雾还有毒,烟雾中含有许多有毒有害致病物质,如烟碱、二氧化氮、氢氰酸、丙烯醛、砷、铅、汞等。
烟雾对人群的危害超过工业污染的化学气体,对人体的大脑、心肺、肝、脾、胃、肾,对人体的性功能、生殖功能都有不同程度的伤害,甚至将严重影响生育繁衍质量。
吸烟“不伤害他人”。
这是在公共场所和工作场所禁烟难的一个重要原因。
烟民错误地认为,吸烟是自己的权利,自己的自由,不受他人干涉。
对于烟雾污染环境、污染空气质量,对二手烟、三手烟、主动吸烟、被动吸烟造成对他人健康侵害和享有清新空气的环境权的侵害不认知、不支持,我行我素。
有的认为有点影响问题也不大,缺乏共同营造文明环境的思想和道德素质。
汉译英2

教育主管部门一直在寻求各种手段创造更 多的就业机会。 Education authorities have been seeking ways to create more opportunities of employment.
Hale Waihona Puke There are many complaints about the inaccessibility of medical care and high tuitions. However, another thing that deserves attention is the difficulty of college graduates in getting employed. Those with master’s degrees can no longer find a job as easily as they did ten years ago. Because of the increasingly intense competition for a position, academic excellence and proficient expertise will not necessarily be translated into an ideal job. Education authorities have been seeking ways to create more opportunities of employment.
倍数增减的表示法 is 2.5 times greater than Force N2 (考点:倍数 + 形容词/副词比较级 + than) reacts three times as fast as the other one (考点:倍数 + as + 形容词/副词 + as) is 49 times the size of the moon (考点:倍数 + 名词) wants to raise the rent by a third (考点:动词 + by + 数词/百分比/倍数) plan to double their investment (考点:double + 名词)
历年考研英语二级翻译真题汉译英

历年考研英语二级翻译真题汉译英历年考研英语二级翻译真题汉译英1Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)I can pick a date from the past 53 years and know instantly where I was , what happened in the news and even the day of the week. I’ve been able to do this since I was four.I never feel overwhelmed with the amount of information my brain absorbs my mind seems to be able to cope and the information is stored away reatly. When I think of a sad memory, I do what everyone does- try to put it to one side. I don’t think it’s harder for me just because my memory is clearer. Powerful memory doesn’t make my emotions any more acture or vivid. I can recall the day my grandfather died and the sadness I felt when we went to the hosptibal the day before. I also remember that the musical paly Hamopened on the Broadway on the same day- they both just pop into my mind in the same way.历年考研英语二级翻译真题汉译英2Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)Think about driving a route thats very familiar. It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips its easy tolose concentration on the driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down a well-known route, because we dont have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we cant remember the journey well because we didnt pay much attention to it. So we assume it wasshorter.历年考研英语二级翻译真题汉译英3Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)。
英语翻译--汉译英2 汉英词汇比较与翻译

4. 跳出字面选择合乎逻辑的词义 胆小如鼠: as timid as a rat/rabbit 落汤鸡: a drowned rat 养虎为患: to cherish a snake in one’s bosom 瓮中捉鳖: like a rat in the hole 如鱼得水: like a duck to water 愚蠢如猪: as stupid as a goose 犟得像头牛: as stubborn as a donkey/mule 像热锅上的蚂蚁: Like a hen on a hot girdle
3.根据搭配选择合适的词义
身体好,学习好,工作好。 Keep fit, study hard and work hard. 化 经济法制化: manage economic affairs within a framework 经济全球化: economic globalization 社会知识化: build a knowledge-driven society 国际关系民主化: the practice of democracy in international relations 国民经济信息化: build an information-based national economy 科研成果产业化: apply scientific research results to industrial production
3. 他们对这项计划提出了修改的意见。
4. 大家对这一做法很有意见。 5. 他们在会上闹起了意见。 6. 你应该听从医生的意见。 7. 他们就此问题取得了一致的意见。
8. 还有些未完成的事要处理。
9. 我们就这件事请教过他。 10.请回去吧,这里没你的事了。
汉英翻译2-句子的翻译

汉译英方法二——句法翻译一.无主句的译法无主句。
(一)英语用被动语态1.表示事物存在或出现的无主句。
1)这儿将修建更多的居民楼。
More apartments will be built here.2)去年发现了一种稀有元素。
A rare element was found last year.2.表示要求、规定的无主句。
3)发现了错误,一定要改正。
Wrongs must be corrected when they are discovered.4)本剧场内禁止吸烟。
Smoking is prohibited in this theater.(二)用there be句型,或是it 做形式主语+be +to, it is + past participle +that….等结构1.你忘了一句古话了吗:学到老,活到老。
更何况你并不老。
(周而复《上海的早晨》)You’re forgetting the old saying: one is never too old to learn. In any case, you are not old at all.2.总之,有两点需要考虑。
In short, there are two aspects have to be considered.(三)用倒装语序1.在游廊的最左端,靠近一道门,却坐着一位将近三十岁的男子。
(矛盾《子夜》)Close by a door at the extreme left of the corridor sat a man of about thirty.(四)用祈使句。
汉语中表示请求、命令、号召、标语、口号等无主句,可以用祈使句。
1.中国共产党万岁!Long live the Chinese Communist Party.2.此处禁止停车No Parking(五)用适当的名词或代词补出主语1.没有受过恋爱洗礼的人生,不能算是真正的人生。
考研英译汉英语二真题2023

考研英译汉英语二真题2023考研英译汉英语二真题2023单词是英语学习的基础,无论你是想提升阅读、翻译、还是作文,都要先攻克词汇量这个难关,词汇量是衡量我们语言力量的一个重要指标!下文是我为你细心编辑整理的考研英译汉英语二真题,期望对你有所帮忙,更多内容,请点击相关栏目查看,感谢!考研英译汉英语二真题146. Directions:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)Think about driving a route thats very familiar. It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips its easy tolose concentration on the driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down a well-known route, because we dont have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. Andafterwards, when we come to think back on it, we cant remember the journey well because we didnt pay much attention to it. So we assume it wasshorter.参考译文:想想看在一条特别熟识的路上驾驶的感觉,这可能发生在上班,进城或回家的路上。
英译汉2

2010年4月英译汉1.I’m thinking about a visit to Paris. 我在考虑去巴黎旅游。
2.Our library is as big as theirs. 我们的图书馆和他们的图书馆一样大。
3.You needn’t go there anymore. He already knows about it. 你不必去了,他已经知道那件事了4.I prefer tea to coffee.我喜欢茶胜于喜欢咖啡。
5.Go down this street until you reach the second traffic lights. 沿着这条街走,一直走到第二个红绿灯。
6.Each time history repeats itself, the price goes up. 历史每重演一次,代价就增加(一分)。
7.I don’t think he can operate the new type of computer. 我想他不会操作这台新电脑。
8.He lives in a small room with only one small window. 他住在只有一个小窗户的房间里。
9.In no other country in the world can you find such plants as this one. 像这种植物在世界上的其他任何一个国家中都找不到10.Everyone was in bed except me. 除了我,每个人都上床了。
11.My problem is that I don’t have much time to do the work. 我的问题是我没有太多的时间做这个工作。
12.Would you please help me with this heavy box? 你能帮我抬一下这个很沉的箱子吗?13.Stay here before I get back.我回来之前你就呆在这里。
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有时他也看文艺方面的书籍消遣。我到东 四牌楼他家小坐闲谈的时候,常常可以听 到他骂我国的旧式武侠小说。 For fun he read works of literature from time to time. During my casual visits to his home near Dong Si Pai Lou, I would often hear him make scornful comments on old Chinese novels about swordsmen and chivalry.
他在讲话中特别强调提高产品质量。He laid special stress on raising the quality of the products in his speech. 他们一不会做工,二不会种地,三不会打 仗。They don’t know a thing about factory work, nor about farm work, nor about military affairs. 中国人民百年以来不屈不挠、再接再厉地 英勇斗争,使得帝国主义至今不能灭亡中 国,也永远不能灭亡中国。Thanks to Chinese people’s unrelenting and heroic struggle during the last hundred years, imperialism has not been able to subjugate China, nor will it ever be able to do so.
我初到越州,第一遭去访问的山水是东湖。 During my first visit to Yuezhou, the first place I went to was the East Lake. 你得喝几口水,把药丸吞下去。 You have to wash the pill down with sips of water. 室内栽种花卉树木需要洒水施肥,但施肥过多 又只能使效果适得其反,因此应掌握正确的施 肥方法。 House plants need water and food, but overfeeding could possibly cause a reaction contrary to your anticipation. So all house plants need wise fertilization.
Exercises:
1. 2.
3.
4. 5. 6.
绝对不许违反这个原则。 林则徐认为,要成功地制止鸦片(opium)买卖, 就得首先把鸦片销毁。 邓小平在“十一大”(the 11th Party Congress) 上说:“一定要少说空话,多做工作”。 他在讲话中特别强调提高产品质量。 他们一不会做工,二不会种地,三不会打仗。 中国人民百年以来不屈不挠、再接再厉地英 勇斗争,使得帝国主义至今不能灭亡中国, 也永远不能灭亡中国。
绝对不许违反这个原则。No violation of this principle can be tolerated. 林则徐认为,要成功地制止鸦片(opium)买 卖,就得首先把鸦片销毁。Lin Zexu believed that a successful ban of the trade in opium should be preceded by a destruction of the drug itself. 邓小平在“十一大”(the 11th Party Congress)上说:“一定要少说空话,多做 工作”。Deng Xiaoping said at the 11th Party Congress, “There must be less empty talk and more hard work.”
借刀杀人 murder sb. with a borrowed sword 徐悲鸿画马画得特别好! Xu’s drawings of horses are exceptionally good. 一打开开关,我们就可以看见一英里外正在发 生的事情。 At the turn of the switch, we can see what are taking place a mile away. 他踌躇了一会儿,终于决定还是自己送我去。 But after much hesitation he finally decided to see me off himse译
1. 动词转换成名词:v—n. 汉语的动词优势与英语的名词优势 英语句子动词用得比较少,一个句子通常只有 一个谓语动词,而名词、特别是抽象名词用得 比较多。 与英语相反,汉语中动词用得比较多,除了动 宾结构外,还普遍使用连动式和兼语式等结构。 因此,汉译英时经常需要把汉语动词转换成英 语名词。 例如: