吉林大学本科课程考试试卷(中期挑战)

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吉林大学自学考试英语试题及答案

吉林大学自学考试英语试题及答案

1:There was no point ________ out until the storm had really stopped.1.in going2.by going3.of going4.to go2:The company planned to introduce new technology ______ the expense of the existing workers.1.in5.at6.with7.on3:Children should be encouraged to reac h a ______ between what they want and what others want.1.promisepromisepose10.consist4:Here is a message of importance to every man and womanwho______________.1.votes2.vote3.voting4.are voting5:Put the medicine ______ children’s reach. It can be very dangerous.1.within2.beyond5.without6.for6:The firm’s _____ were taken over by the government.1.properties2.assets3.wealths4.well-beings7:Jane is said_______ an opera singer in her youth.1.being2.to be3.to have been4.having been8:If no one has any ______, I’ll declare the meeting closed.1.object2.subject3.objection4.subjection9:The survival of civilization as we know is ________ threat.1.within2.under3.towards4.upon10:The question then _________ what are we going to do when we graduate from the university?1.raises2.arouses3.arises4.rises11:The man worked the poor boy sixteen hours a day and beat him________ .1.in short2.in addition3.in general4.in time12:He has picked ______ some bad habits at that club.1.at2.out3.on4.up13:He wrote on such diverse subjects as the brain ______, research and development, and the economics of higher education.1.rain2.grain3.drain4.train14:The girl found it difficult to ______ to new customs when she first came to Shanghai.1.adapt2.adopt3.change4.shift15:To be financially well ______, you need to work hard and spare no efforts to develop your career when young.1.away2.off3.up4.out16:The judge at first thought the man was a thief, but after he heard all about him he _____ his opinion and said that he was not guilty.1.reserved2.revived3.reversed4.received17:He cannot go without wine even for one day; he is a complete slave ______ drink.1.for2.to3.in4.on18:_________ with size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.1.when comparedpare3.While comparingparing19:We agreed to accept _______ they thought was the best guide.1.whatever2.whomever3.whichever4.whoever20:In ancient China, people invented the compass to help avoid______ when sailing on the sea.1.getting lost2.to get lost3.to getting lost4.get lostå·²ç» æ äº¤ï¼ ï¼ å† æ¬¡æ äº¤å ¯ç‚¹å‡»ä½œä¸šæµ è§ˆé‡ æ–°æŠ½é¢˜!!1:I was very ______ to John for his kindness.1.grate2.grateful3.great4.graceful2:Have you read a newspaper report probing ______ the activities of drug dealers?1.into2.from3.by4.with3:Childre n who are over-protected by their parents may become_________.1.hurt2.damaged3.spoiled4.harmed4:I was very ______ to John for his kindness.1.grate2.grateful3.great4.graceful5:The doctor should be here soon. ______ the meantime, try to relax.1.At2.On3.In4.From6:High interest rates ____ people from borrowing money.1.discourage2.dissuade3.distract4.disturb7:Here is a message of importance to every man and womanwho______________.1.votes2.vote3.voting4.are voting8:In recent years, new building has _______ up like m ushrooms in the city.1.jumped2.sprung3.leapt4.put9:I only bought these shoes last week, and they’re falling______ already.1.down2.away3.out4.apart10:From then on, I was committed ______ losing the weight and getting into shape.1.to2.in3.on4.at11:This adver tisement is directed mainly ______ young people in their early twenties.1.in2.on3.from4.at12:Though you failed in this job interview, you should trust yourself. It’s sad that one lacks ______ in himself.1.belief2.patience3.respect4.confidence13:Professor Tailor’s talk has indicated that science has a very strong ________ on the everyday life of non-scientists as well as scientists.1.motivation2.impact3.perspective4.impression14:Jane is said_______ an opera singer in her youth.1.being2.to be3.to have been4.having been15:Jean felt unable to cope _____ driving in heavy traffic after her accident.1.up2.at3.of4.with16:As a result of hard work over years, he ______ a fortune. He plans to spend all he has on the education of the blind.1.accumulated2.stimulated3.benefited4.dominated17:The situation calls ______ prompt action.1.on2.in3.down4.for18:To be financially well ______, you need to work hard and spare no efforts to develop your career when young.1.away2.off3.up4.out19:Only under special circumstances _________ to take make-up tests.1.are freshmen permitted2.permitted are freshmen3.permitted are freshmen4.are permitted freshmen20:We have ______ our techniques considerably since the work began.1.refined2.confined3.defined4.redefinedå·²ç» æ äº¤ï¼ ï¼ å† æ¬¡æ äº¤å ¯ç‚¹å‡»ä½œä¸šæµ è§ˆé‡ æ–°æŠ½é¢˜!!1:Close your book and____________ a piece of paper.1.to take out2.you take out3.take out4.taking2:Henry is so indifferent to his appearance that he never has his clothes___________.1.pressed nor shine his shoes2.pressed or his shoes shined3.to press or his shoes to shine4.pressing or his shoes shine3:We might cut the book ______ to a little over a hundred pages.1.away2.out3.over4.down4:Scientists say they are beginning to break ______ in the fight against cancer.1.out2.down3.through4.apart5:They will fight to the end; they will never ______.1.survive2.surrender3.render4.succeed6:Jane is said_______ an opera singer in her youth.1.being2.to be3.to have been4.having been7:_____ your letter, I am very pleased to inform you that yourplans are quite acceptable to us.1.Concerning2.Concern3.Regarded4.Regard8:He showed ______ in dealing with a defeated enemy.1.generous2.generosity3.generate4.generation9:When the sun comes out the flowers ______ by opening wide.1.act2.react3.interact4.active10:In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives play __________ roles in raising their children.1.incapable2.indispensable3.insensible4.infinite11:There was no point ________ out until the storm had really stopped.1.in going2.by going3.of going4.to go12:He loves doing some reading at home_________ to the cinema.1.than to go2.than going3.more than going4.rather than to go13:The soldiers showed great joy and satisfaction after winningthe final triumph ______ their enemies.1.over2.out3.from4.of14:We have ______ our techniques considerably since the work began.1.refined2.confined3.defined4.redefined15:They were careful to seat important guests_________ the host so he could talk to them easily.1.near to2.near3.next4.nearly16:The editor told them that if they could cut the story _____more than one third, he would take it.1.in2.off3.down4.across17:The new project is expected to start early next year; it has won the ______ of the board.1.approval2.approve3.disapprove4.prove18:The judge at first thought the man was a thief, but after he heard all about him he _____ his opinion and said that he was not guilty.1.reserved2.revived3.reversed4.received19:It is not I but you who________________ the first run to the goal in that competition.1.is2.was3.are4.is going to20:With the population explosion, scientists will have to_________ new methods of increasing the world's food supply.1.lead to2.live on3.live upe up withå·²ç» æ äº¤ï¼ ï¼ å† æ¬¡æ äº¤å ¯ç‚¹å‡»ä½œä¸šæµ è§ˆé‡ æ–°æŠ½é¢˜!!1:Put the medicine ______ children’s reach. It can be very dangerous.1.within2.beyond3.without4.for2:The editor told them that if they could cut the story _____ more than one third, he would take it.1.in2.off3.down4.across3:He has picked ______ some bad habits at that club.1.at2.out3.on4.up4:Jan e is said_______ an opera singer in her youth.1.being2.to be3.to have been4.having been5:Professor Tailor’s talk has indicated that science has a very strong ________ on the everyday life of non-scientists as well as scientists.1.motivation2.impact3.perspective4.impression6:She never regretted paying $ 200 for the bookcase. As a matter of fact she would gladly have paid________________ for it.1.as much twice2.as twice much3.much as twice4.twice as much7:The river was so ______ with waste from the chemical pl ant that people can not swim in it1.contained2.terminated3.intimidated4.contaminated8:In recent years, new building has _______ up like mushrooms in the city.1.jumped2.sprung3.leapt4.put9:From then on, I was committed ______ losing the weight and getting into shape.1.to2.in3.on4.at10:He loves doing some reading at home_________ to the cinema.1.than to go2.than going3.more than going4.rather than to go11:Since your mother is often ill, remember to keep first-aid medicine kit close ______ hand.1.in2.at3.on4.with12:______right now, she would get there on Sunday.1.Would she leave2.If she leaves3.Were she to leave4.If she had left13:We hoped to be able to move into our new house at the end of the month, but things did not work _____ as we had expected.1.for2.out3.in4.on14:New York _____ second in the production of apples, producing 850 000 000 pounds this year.1.ranked2.occupied3.arranged4.classified15:Generous public funding of basic science would _________ considerable benefits for the country’s health, wealth and security.1.lead to2.result from3.lie in4.settle down16:In a few years , China will be able to produce the camera recorders on a large _______.1.extent2.degree3.range4.scale17:Children should be encouraged to reach a ______ between what they want and what others want.1.promisepromisepose4.consist18:Recent events will make a significant impact ______ government policy.1.to2.in3.with4.on19:It is difficult to _____ the importance of the decision.1.assess2.access3.judge4.identify20:He showed ______ in dealing with a defeated enemy.1.generous2.generosity3.generate4.generationå·²ç» æ äº¤ï¼ ï¼ å† æ¬¡æ äº¤å ¯ç‚¹å‡»ä½œä¸šæµ è§ˆé‡ æ–°æŠ½é¢˜!!1:Operations which left patients _________ and in need of long period of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable.1.injured2.exhausted3.deserted4.abandoned2:They didn’t like bread, so we substituted rice ______ bread.1.for2.as3.with4.into3:The doctor told Penny that too much ___________ to the sun is bad for the skin.1.exposure2.extension3.exhibition4.expansion4:Children should be encouraged to reach a ______ between whatthey want and what others want.1.promisepromisepose4.consist5:Put the medicine ______ children’s reach. It can be very dangerous.1.within2.beyond3.without4.for6:The news soon spread _____ that the examination results were ready.1.abroad2.aboard3.board4.broad7:The manager spoke highly of such_________ as loyalty, courageand truthfulness shown by his employees.1.virtue2.features3.properties4.characteristics8:She doesn’t normally behave like that; she is __________.1.putting it up2.putting it down3.putting it out4.putting it on9:She never laughed,_________ lose her temper.1.nor she ever did2.or she ever did3.or did she ever4.nor did she ever10:We might cut the book ______ to a little over a hundred pages.1.away2.out3.over4.down11:There are a lot of children starving ______ love1.in2.on3.for4.at12:Generous public funding of basic science would _________ considerable benefits for the country’s health, wealth andsecurity.1.lead to2.result from3.lie in4.settle down13:We have ______ our techniques considerably since the work began.1.refined2.confined3.defined4.redefined14:To be financially well ______, you need to work hard and spare no efforts to develop your career when young.1.away2.off3.up4.out15:He felt that in time, the severe misery of the working people would result _____ revolution.1.in2.on3.from4.of16:Although they feel dissatisfied with the election results, they have to become reconciled______________ the decision made by our fellow countrymen.1.for2.on3.to4.with17:Here is a message of importance to every man and womanwho______________.1.votes2.vote3.voting4.are voting18:He loves doing some reading at home_________ to the cinema.1.than to go2.than going3.more than going4.rather than to go19:In the 1950’s, India’s leaders voiced a very strongobjection ______ the “brain drain― as its best students were moving to the West.1.at2.to3.on4.in20:New York _____ second in the production of apples, producing 850 000 000 pounds this year.1.ranked2.occupied3.arranged4.classifiedå·²ç» æ äº¤ï¼ ï¼ å† æ¬¡æ äº¤å ¯ç‚¹å‡»ä½œä¸šæµ è§ˆé‡ æ–°æŠ½é¢˜!!。

教学中心专业层次姓名学号

教学中心专业层次姓名学号

一、选择题 (每题 1分 共40题 总共40分)1. 碳水化合物有那几种元素组成的一大类化合物。

答AA. 碳氢氧B. 碳氯氧C. 碳氯氢D. 铁氢氧与硫氢氧2. 植物利用什么作用,将自然界的水,空气和二氧化碳合成碳水化合物。

答A A. 光合 B. 凝固 C. 化合 D. 结合 E. 生物转化 3 动物不能造碳水化合物,必须从什么中获得并加以利用。

答AA. 植物B. 微生物C. 衍生物D. 化合物E. 生物转化 根据其分子结构可将葡萄糖分为:答A单糖 B. 双糖 C. 三糖 D. 已糖 E. 戊糖 多糖主要有什么组成?答A淀粉 B. 湖精 C. 糖元 D. 葡萄糖 E. 果糖 ( B ) 蛋氨酸 B.氨基酸 C.组氨酸 D.丙氨酸 E.赖氨酸 D ) B.15% C.6% D.16% E.19% A ) A.6.5 B.6.25 C.6.35 D.6.75 E.6.55 9.组成蛋白质的氨基酸超过多少种?( C ) A.10种 B.18种 C.20种 D.22种 E.25种 10.必需氨基酸含有多少种?( B )A 5 种 B8种 C10种 D12种 11.维生素A 又名为?答_B__A 视淳B 视黄淳C 视和淳D 利黄淳12. 25-OH_D 3是血液中的主要存在形式,正常值为25~200nmol/L ,如低于20nmol/L ,则为明显的什么缺乏?答AA Vit DB Vit EC Vit B 1D Vit C 13.VitE 与精子的生成和繁殖能力有关,在动物实验中,什么? 缺乏的雄鼠睾丸不能生成精子,雌鼠的卵不能植入子宫内,胎儿被吸收。

答BA vit D BvitE C VitB 1 D VitC 14.Vit B 1的供给量常按所需能量确定,一般定为多少?CA (0.2~0.3mg/1000kcal )B (0.4~0.5mg/1000kcal )C (0.5~0.6mg/1000kcal )D (0.6~0.7mg/1000kcal )。

吉林大学随机数学期中试题及答案

吉林大学随机数学期中试题及答案
1, 0 x 1 , 其他 . 0,
e y , Y 概率密度为 fY ( y ) 0,
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随机变量x的密度函数为表示对x进行3次重复独立试验中事件dxxdx相互独立则三事件中至少发生一个的概率为三事件中恰好发生一个的概率为1727所以y的概率密度为与b都不发生的概率是a与b同时发生的概率的2abab已知975104196104092104104196051610
期中试题及答案
一.填空题 1. 随机变量 X 的密度函数为 f ( x)
1 , 0 y4 所以 Y 的概率密度为 fY ( y ) ( FY ( y )) 4 y 0, 其它
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( C ) 0 .2 A ;
13.设随机变量 X 的分布律为: P( X a) 0.6 , P( X b) p , (a b) .又 E ( X ) 1.4
D ( X ) 0.24 ,则 a , b 的值为(

吉大本科期末考试题及答案

吉大本科期末考试题及答案

吉大本科期末考试题及答案一、单项选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 吉林大学位于哪个城市?A. 北京B. 上海C. 长春D. 广州答案:C2. 吉林大学的校训是什么?A. 求实创新B. 厚德博学C. 自强不息D. 学以致用答案:A3. 下列哪项不是吉林大学的学科门类?A. 哲学B. 经济学C. 法学D. 农学答案:D4. 吉林大学的创办时间是?A. 1946年B. 1956年C. 1966年D. 1976年答案:A5. 吉林大学的校徽颜色是什么?A. 蓝色B. 红色C. 绿色D. 黄色答案:A6. 吉林大学的校歌名称是什么?A. 吉林大学之歌B. 吉大之歌C. 长春之歌D. 长春大学之歌答案:B7. 吉林大学的校庆日是每年的哪一天?A. 9月15日B. 5月4日C. 10月1日D. 11月11日答案:A8. 吉林大学的校园占地面积是多少?A. 600公顷B. 800公顷C. 1000公顷D. 1200公顷答案:C9. 吉林大学的图书馆藏书量是多少?A. 200万册B. 300万册C. 400万册D. 500万册答案:B10. 吉林大学的现任校长是?A. 李四光B. 王大珩C. 张学良D. 李晓红答案:D二、多项选择题(每题3分,共15分)1. 吉林大学的学科特色包括哪些?()A. 理工科B. 人文社科C. 医学D. 农学答案:ABCD2. 吉林大学的校园文化活动包括哪些?()A. 学术讲座B. 文艺演出C. 体育比赛D. 社团活动答案:ABCD3. 吉林大学的科研机构包括哪些?()A. 国家重点实验室B. 教育部重点实验室C. 省级重点实验室D. 校级重点实验室答案:ABCD4. 吉林大学的国际合作与交流包括哪些方面?()A. 学生交流B. 教师交流C. 科研合作D. 学术会议答案:ABCD5. 吉林大学的毕业生就业方向包括哪些?()A. 国有企业B. 民营企业C. 事业单位D. 继续深造答案:ABCD三、简答题(每题5分,共20分)1. 简述吉林大学的历史沿革。

吉林大学2019~2020学年第二学期《高等数学CII》试卷

吉林大学2019~2020学年第二学期《高等数学CII》试卷

吉林大学2019~2020学年第二学期《高等数学CII》试卷一、单项选择题(共6道小题,每小题3分,满分18分,下列每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求,把所选项前的字母填在题后的括号内.)1.过点(1,2,4)-且与平面234x y z-+=垂直的直线方程是( A ).(A)124231x y z-+-==--(B)238x y z-+=(C)124124x y z-+-==-(D)124231x y z---==-2. 函数(),f x y(0,0)处的偏导数(B ).(A)(0,0)xf'存在,(0,0)yf'不存在(B)(0,0)xf'不存在,(0,0)yf'存在(C)(0,0)xf',(0,0)yf'都存在(D)(0,0)xf',(0,0)yf'都不存在3. 设方程e1zxyz+=确定z是x,y的函数,则zx∂∂=(C ).(A)e zyz-(B)e zyz(C)e zyzxy-+(D)e zyzxy+4.空间区域22{(,,)1,z0}x y z z x yΩ=≤+≤≥的体积是(A)(A)12004d rπθ⎰⎰(B)2200d rπθ⎰⎰(C)2004d rπθ⎰⎰(D)2200d rπθ⎰⎰5.设空间区域222{(,,)2,x y z x y z z Ω=++≤≥,(,,)f x y z 为连续函数,则三重积分(,,)d f x y z V Ω=⎰⎰⎰( D ). (A)11d (,,)d x y f x y z z -⎰⎰(B)14d (,,)d x y f x y z z ⎰(C )221200d d (cos ,sin ,)d r r r f r r z z πθθθ-⎰⎰⎰(D)224000d d (sin cos ,sin sin ,cos )sin d f r r r r r ππθϕϕθϕθϕϕ⎰⎰6. 如果级数1(1)(0)np n p n∞=->∑绝对收敛,则常数p 的取值范围是( A ).(A )1p > (B )01p << (C )1p ≥ (D )01p <≤二、填空题(共6道小题,每小题3分,满分18分,请将答案写在题后的横线上.)1. 极限limsin()x y xy x→→0π= ⎽ π⎽⎽⎽⎽⎽⎽ .2.向量(2,3,5)=-a 与(3,,2)m =-b 互相垂直,则m =⎽⎽⎽-4/3⎽⎽⎽⎽⎽⎽.3. 曲线2224,:x y z y z x ⎧++=Γ⎨=+⎩在Oxz 平面上的投影柱面方程为 222x xz z ++=.4. 差分方程12x x x y y x +-=的通解为⎽c ⎽ .5. 将函数1()f x x=展开成(2)x -的幂级数的形式为⎽10(1)(2),(22)2n nn n x x ∞+=---<∑⎽.6. 微分方程320y y y '''-+=的通解为 212x xc e c e+ .三、按要求解答下列各题(共4道小题,每小题8分,满分32分).1.设f 为(2)C类函数,且(,)z f x y x y =+-,求d z 和2zx y∂∂∂.【解】1212,,z zf f f f x y∂∂''''=+=-∂∂………………2分 故1212d ()d ()d z f f x f f y ''''=++-……………4分211122122zf f f f x y∂''''''''=-+-∂∂ 1122f f ''''=-……………8分 2.设可导函数()f x 满足0()cos 2()sin d 1xf x x f t t t x +=+⎰求()f x .【解】对方程两端关于x 求导,得()cos ()sin 2()sin 1f x x f x x f x x '-+=即 ()()tan sec f x f x x x '=-+……………3分 解得()cos sin f x C x x =+……………6分由 (0)1f =得1C =()cos sin f x x x =+……………8分3.设平面区域{}22(,)1,0D x y x y x =+≤≥,计算二重积分221d d 1Dxyx y x y +++⎰⎰.【解】积分区域D 关于x 轴对称,函数221(,)1f x y x y =++是变量y 的偶函数,函数22(,)1xyg x y x y =++是变量y 的奇函数,则1222211d d 2d d 11=++++⎰⎰⎰⎰DD x y x y xy x y 12200ln 22d d 12ππθ==+⎰⎰r r r ……………4分 22d d 01Dxyx y x y =++⎰⎰,……………6分 故22222211ln 2d d d d d d 1112D D Dxy xy x y x y x y x y x y x y π+=+=++++++⎰⎰⎰⎰⎰⎰……………8分 4. 求幂级数11n n x n -∞=∑的收敛域与和函数.【解】11limlim 1n n n n a n R a n→∞→∞++===,收敛区间为(1,1)- 当1x =时级数发散,当1x =-时级数收敛,故收敛域为[1,1)-.……………2分设11(),11,n n x S x x n-∞==-≤<∑ 则1()ln(1),11,n n x xS x x x n ∞===---<<∑且0x ≠,ln(1)()x S x x --=……………5分1(0)1,(1)lim ()ln 2x S s S x +→-=-==-从而11ln(1),0,11,1,0.n n x x x x x n x -∞=-⎧-≠-≤<⎪=⎨⎪=⎩∑……………8分四、按要求解答下列各题(共4道小题,每小题8分,满分32分).1. 设0,0,0x y z >>>,用Lagrange 乘数法求函数z y x u 23=在约束条件12x y z ++=下的最大值.【解】令)12(),,(23-+++=z y x z y x z y x F λ,则…………3分⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧=++=+==+==+=.12,0,02,0323322z y x y x F yz x F z y x F z y x λλλ…………6分 解得唯一驻点)2,4,6(,6,y 4,z 2x ===,最大值为.691224623max =⋅⋅=u …………8分2. 求微分方程242y y x ''+=满足(0)0,(0)1y y '==的特解.【解】 特征方程 240r +=…………2分 齐次微分方程通解 12cos 2sin 2c x c x +…………4分 又微分方程的一个特解为21124x -…………6分 因而非齐次通解为21211cos2sin 224c x c x x ++-………7分将初始条件代入上式得 特解为21111cos2sin 24224x x x ++-…………8分3. ∑是由曲线(1z 3)0y x ⎧=⎪≤≤⎨=⎪⎩绕z 轴旋转一周所形成的曲面. (1)写出∑的方程;(2)设区域Ω是由曲面∑与平面3z =围成的区域,计算e d d d z x y z Ω⎰⎰⎰.【解】(1)∑的方程221,(13)z x y z =++≤≤;………4分(2)33311e d d d e d d d e (z 1)d zz z z D x y z z x y z e e πΩ==-=+⎰⎰⎰⎰⎰⎰⎰………8分4. 设0a >,讨论级数1!n n n a n n∞=∑的敛散性.【解】1111!0,(1)!1(1)!(1)lim n n n n n n n n nn n n na n u nu a n n au n a n nu a u e ++++→∞=≥+=⋅=++= ………4分(1)当a e <时,级数收敛;………5分(2)当a e >时,级数发散;………6分(3)当a e =时,,111(1)!11(1)!(1)n n n n n nn u a n n au n a n n++++=⋅=>++,得1n n u u +>,故lim 0n n u →∞≠级数发散. ………8分。

吉林大学汽车工程学院本科课程考试试卷10-13合集

吉林大学汽车工程学院本科课程考试试卷10-13合集

吉林大学汽车工程学院本科课程考试试卷考试课程与试卷类型:工程热力学B—A姓名:学年学期:2010-2011-1 学号:考试时间:2011-01-12 班级:一、单项选择题(每小题2分,共10分)1. 孤立系统经不可逆过程后()A:熵值达最大B:熵值达最大C:熵值为零D:熵值不变2. 若在真空泵的作用下使房间内空气流过喷管获得超音速气流,则应选用()A:渐缩喷管B:渐放喷管C:缩放喷管D:三种均可3. 下列哪一项不是空气比定压热容测定实验中的测试参数()A:湿空气进口温度B:湿空气质量流量C:湿空气体积流量D:湿空气相对湿度4. 工质被压缩、向外放热并温度升高,该过程的多变指数的取值范围是()A:(-∞,0)B:(0,1)C:(1,k)D:(k,+∞)5. 下列说法不对的是()A:水蒸气的汽化潜热与压力有关B:水蒸气的汽化潜热与温度有关C:由于水的临界温度是374.15℃,所以不存在400℃的水D:饱和液体的温度与压力两参数各自独立二、判断题(每小题2分,共18分,对的画“√”,错的画“×”)1. 稳定状态稳定流动时,系统内各点的状态相同,且不随时间而变化。

()2. 系统与外界交换的热量与过程无关。

()3. 理想气体温度不变、压力升高时焓不变。

()4. 绝热过程不一定是定熵过程。

()5. 制冷循环为逆向循环,循环净功为负。

()6. 系统经过一个不可逆循环后,系统的熵必定增大。

()7. 活塞式压气机增压比增大时容积效率降低,有效吸气容积减少,产气量减少。

()8. 压力低于临界压力时,水的气化潜热随压力的升高而减小。

()9. 湿空气的含湿量大则一定空气潮湿。

()三、简答题(每题6分,共30分)1. 试用T -s 图说明活塞式内燃机混合加热循环中,放热量、压力升高比和预胀比相同,压缩比增加时,循环热效率如何变化。

2. 在湿空气的h-d 图上表示饱和湿空气先冷却去湿,再加热升温的过程;同时说明在这两个过程中湿空气的焓h 、含湿量d 和相对湿度ϕ 如何变化?3. 在喷管内气体流动特性实验中你测了哪个实验台?请画出你测定的喷管实验台在不同背压下管内压力随位置变化的曲线,并注明每一条压力曲线对应的背压范围。

吉大本科期末考试题及答案

吉大本科期末考试题及答案

吉大本科期末考试题及答案一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 以下哪个选项不是计算机科学的分支?A. 人工智能B. 数据库系统C. 量子物理D. 计算机网络答案:C2. 根据相对论,当物体速度接近光速时,以下哪个现象会发生?A. 时间膨胀B. 质量增加C. 长度收缩D. 所有以上答案:D3. 在经济学中,需求曲线通常表示为:A. 价格与供给量的关系B. 价格与需求量的关系C. 需求量与供给量的关系D. 价格与生产成本的关系答案:B4. 以下哪种编程语言是静态类型语言?A. JavaScriptB. PythonC. JavaD. Ruby答案:C5. 在心理学中,弗洛伊德的哪个理论涉及到潜意识?A. 心理分析B. 行为主义C. 认知发展D. 社会学习理论答案:A6. 根据达尔文的进化论,物种进化的驱动力是:A. 自然选择B. 人为选择C. 突变D. 遗传答案:A7. 在化学中,元素周期表的排列依据是:A. 原子量B. 原子序数C. 电子数D. 化学性质答案:B8. 以下哪个不是数学中的几何图形?A. 三角形B. 圆C. 直线D. 点答案:D9. 在物理学中,描述力对物体作用效果的物理量是:A. 质量B. 力C. 动量D. 能量答案:C10. 以下哪个是生物分类学中的最高分类单位?A. 界B. 门C. 纲D. 目答案:A二、填空题(每空2分,共20分)1. 牛顿第二定律的公式是 \[ F = ma \],其中 \( F \) 代表力,\( m \) 代表质量,\( a \) 代表加速度。

2. 在统计学中,标准差是衡量数据分布的离散程度的一个指标。

3. 计算机操作系统的主要功能包括进程管理、内存管理、设备管理和文件系统管理。

4. 根据热力学第一定律,能量守恒,它表明能量不能被创造或消灭,只能从一种形式转换为另一种形式。

5. 心理学中的自我效能理论是由班杜拉提出的,它强调个体对自己完成特定任务的能力的信念。

吉林大学历年真题

吉林大学历年真题

吉林大学历年真题转载自:/viewthread.php?tid=301786吉林大学1999年社会学概论名词解释1 社会控制2 首属群体3 社区4 费孝通5 过度社会化简答1 简述社会分层的基本标准2 简述“贫困”的含义及中国贫困问题的新特点3 简述关于社会发展的几种主要理论模式4 简述科层制的特点,正负功能及未来发展趋势西方社会学理论简述1 为什么斯宾塞指责孔德没有研究客观?2 简述韦伯关于“感召性权威合法化”的论述?3 米德关于自我意识发展的基本观点。

4 默顿怎样批评帕森斯的结构功能主义?论述1试论述“社会唯名论”和“社会唯实论”争论的基本内容和分歧实质。

2 试论帕森斯“结构功能模式”同马克思的“社会实践结构论”的联系与区别。

2000社会学概论名词解释1 社会结构2 社会张力3 社会性资源4 世界体系论简答1 社会群体有哪些特征?2 社会组织科层制化的内部动因是什么?3 社会不协调发展主要表现在哪些方面?4 偏差行为理论的主要观点是什么?论述1 有序的社会秩序是通过哪些环节结构?你对此问题的看法。

2 社会流动的功能何在?分析当代中、国城乡社会流动的特点和趋势。

1 异化劳动2 普遍化他人3 平等互惠准则4 群体持续性5 关联主义6 中轴原理简答1 怎样理解孔德的这句话“实证主义哲学与神学和形而上学的哲学不同,它具有使那些看起来绝对的思想变成相对的倾向。

”?2 米德怎样论述社会组织的心理基础?3 简述布迪厄关于“惯习”(Habitus)的基本观点。

论述1 比较分析齐美尔的社会形式论同韦伯的理想类型论的联系与区别。

2 试论哈贝马斯对西方社会理性关的批判与重建。

2001社会学概论名词解释1 合理的社会行动2 初级社会群体3 结构性社会流动4 非常规集群行为简答1 社会组织有哪些基本特征?2 社会阶层划分的标准是什么?3 什么是社会行动?它大约可分几类?4 社会张力调控的基本途径是什么?论述1 依据社会制度构成要素的理论,分析我国制度改革中应注意哪些问题?2 试评述社会体系化。

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βc
对于渐缩喷管,其最大膨胀能力为:
pb p1
=
0.528
=
βc ,
P2=0.528P1=0.135 MPa 而 pb=0.1MPa 因此 P2> P1 则气流出喷管后自由膨胀,出口截面速度等于临界流速 316.94m/s。
4. A piston-cylinder device initially contains 0.4m3 of air at 100kPa and 80℃. The air is now compressed to 0.1m3 in such a way that the temperature inside the cylinder remains constant.
Carnot engine and (b) the amount of heat rejected to the sink per cycle.
Solution The heat supplied to a Carnot heat engine is given. The thermal efficiency and the
m pT
p kT 0−T T kT 0−T
积分可得: T2
=
T1
kT1 + (k − T1 )
p1
T0
T0 p2
2. 冬天用热泵向室内供热,室外温度 7,为维持 17 的室温,需要供热量 480×103kJ/h,某公
司称使用它们的热泵设备只需要耗功 18×103kJ/h,试从理论上说明是否可行?驱动热泵
因此 ∆S& g
= − Q&0 T0
+ Q& H TH
= 0.5kJ/(h ⋅ K)
因此理论上是可行的。
要使驱动热泵的功率最小,则热泵应该是可逆的,即 ∆Sg=0
∆S& g
= − Q&0 T0
+ Q& H TH
=0
因此得出
W=16.6×103kJ/h
3. 在压缩空气输气管道上接有一个渐缩型喷管,由阀门来调节喷管前空气的压力,已知喷管前 空气温度为t1=27℃,喷管外环境压力pb=0.1MPa,求当压力p1分别为 0.15 MPa,0.1984
= C ln V2 V1
=
p1V1
ln
V2 V1
W = (100kPa)(0.4m3 ) ln 0.1 = −55.45kJ 0.4
5. A Carnot heat engine receives 500kJ of heat per cycle from a high-temperature source at 652 ℃ and rejects heat to a low-temperature sink at 30 ℃. Determine (a) the thermal efficiency of this
Determine the work done during this process.
Solution For an ideal gas at constant temperature T0 pV = mRgT0 = C
Where C is a constant.
∫ ∫ W
=
2
pdV
1
=C
2 dV 1V
2k k −1
RgT1[1

(
p2 p1
)
k
−1 k
]
==
256.89m
/
s
p1=0.1984 MPa,
pb p1
=
0.528 =
βc
因此气体在喷管内实现完全膨胀:p2=pb=0.1MPa
出口截面的流速: c f 2 =
2k k +1
RgT1
==
316.94m
/
s
p1=0.25 MPa
pb p1
=
0.4 <
MPa,0.25 MPa时,喷管出口截面上的空气压力和流速。假设 c p = 1.004kJ/(kg ⋅ K) ,
Rg = 0.287kJ/(kg ⋅ K) ,k=1.4。
解:p1=0.15 MPa,
由于
pb p1
= 0.667
>
βc
因此气体在喷管内实现完全膨胀:p2=pb=0.1MPa
出口截面的流速: c f 2 =
(A) 0.66 (B) 0.34
(C)0.49
(D) 0.32
10.确定湿蒸汽状态的条件是:
( C)
(A)P 和 T
(B) P 或者 T (C)P 和 v (D)P 或者 v
二、简答题(每小题 5 分,共计 25 分) 1.焓是否可以认为是系统工质所拥有的能量?说明理由。 答: 焓表示随工质的移动而转移的能量中取决于工质热力状态的那部分能量,它不能被认为 是工质所拥有的能量,工质所拥的能量只能是热力学能和外部储能。对流动系统,焓有确切 的意义。对闭口静止系统,焓没有确切的表现形式,只是作为一个状态参数存在,此时焓可 以看成是确定的一个热力函数,是为计算方便,其单位是能量单位。
h0dmin = h0dm = d (mu) = mdu + udm

dm m
=
du h0 − u
,空气为理想气体: u
=
cvT , h0
=
c pT
因此 dm = dT ,又理想气体状态方程的微分方程中(刚性容器),dV=0 m kT0 − T
dm = dp − dT 因此有 dp = dT + dT = kT0 dT
(C)对刚性容器中的空气缓慢加热,使其温度从 20℃升到 30℃;
(D)使用与容器中工质温度相同的热源,使其工质在恒温下蒸发。
2.下列哪个量不是状态参数?
( A)
(A)功 (B) 焓 (C) 熵 (D)热力学能
3.稳定流动能量方程式的应用中,下列哪个装置进、出口的动能、位能变化不能同时取为零?
( C)
吉林大学本科课程考试试卷(中期挑战)
考试课程与试卷类型:《工程热力学 B》
学年学期:2007-2008-1
考试时间:2007-11-30
上课教室:
姓名: 学号: 班级:
一、选择题(每小题 1 分,共计 10 分)
1.下列哪个过程一定是可逆过程?
(D)
(A)向容器内的水加热,使其在恒温下蒸发;
(B)对刚性容器中的水做功,使其在恒温下蒸发;
答:因为有 cn
=
n−k n −1
; qn
=
cn (T2
− T1) ; wn
=
Rg n−
1
(T1
− T2 )
由题设可知: wn = 1 从而得出 n =2 - k qn 2
说明该过程为吸热膨胀升温降压过程,过程线如下所示:
v
p
T
p
T s
v
s
5. p − V 图和 p − v 图有何区别 答: p − V 图为示功图, p − v 图为状态图。 p − v 图中要求过程中系统内工质质量保持不
1.δq = cdT 和 q = c(T2 − T1) 有什么区别,都适用于什么工况。
答:δq = cdT 针对微元过程, q = c(T2 − T1) 是针对有限过程, δq = cdT 能判断每一个
瞬间过程是否与外界交换热量。 3.热力学第一定律和第二定律分析问题时有什么特点? 答:对系统做热力学第一定律的能量分析时,只要研究热力系统的状态及其变化,以及系统 与外界交换的能量,而不必研究外界热源及功源的状态及其变化,甚至系统与热源之间能量 传递的可逆与否也不需要考虑。但是在对系统做热力学第二定律分析时就必须研究系统与外 界环境的性质,以及它们之间相互作用所产生的变化,必须考虑系统与外界组成的孤立系统 的性质及其变化。 4.以空气为工质进行的某过程,加热量的一半变为功量,过程的多变指数 n 为多少?在 p-v 和 T-s 图上画出该过程线的大致位置(比热容为常数)。
即 p1 = p1' p2 p2'
p 1
1’
2 2’
证明:由题设可知,1-2,1’-2’的熵变量 ∆s12=∆s1'2'

cv0
ln
T2 T1
=
cv
0
ln
T2' T1'
又, T1
=
(
p1
k −1
)k

T2
=
(
p2
k −1
)k
T1' p1'
T2' pຫໍສະໝຸດ 'v因此: p1 = p1'
p2 p2'
四、计算题(以下 5 题选做 3 题,双语班同学必须做一道英文题。每小题 10 分,共计 30 分)
(D)Tmp >Tmc >Tmv
8.喷管实验中,流量计的读数随真空罐的真空度的变化关系是: (C)
(A)真空度增大,读数增大
(B) 真空度增大,读数减小
(C)不一定
(D) 真空度增大,读数不变
9.蒸汽机中所用新蒸汽的温度为 280℃,排出的乏汽温度为 90℃,若按照卡诺循环计算,它
的热效率为: ( B )
7.活塞式内燃机中,当压缩比ε 相同,放热量相同,定容加热过程的平均加热温度Tmv ,定
压加热过程的平均加热温度Tmp ,先定容后定压的混合加热过程的平均加热温度Tmc ,三者
之间的关系为: ( A )
(A)Tmv > Tmc >Tmp
(B) Tmv > Tmp >Tmc
(C)Tmc >Tmv >Tmp
最小耗功多少?
解:热泵耗功Hp,从大气吸热Qo,向建筑传热QH,要使热泵从理论上可行,则需环境、热泵、建筑物的
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