综合训练1
护士执业资格考试综合训练一

综合训练题一(实践能力上)1,导致左心室后负荷加重的疾病是A,肺动脉瓣狭窄B,主动脉瓣狭窄C,二尖瓣关闭不全D,主动脉瓣关闭不全E,甲状腺功能亢进2,导致左心室前负荷加重的疾病是A,肺动脉瓣狭窄B,主动脉瓣狭窄C,二尖瓣关闭不全D,主动脉瓣关闭不全E,甲状腺功能亢进3,使心力衰竭加重最常见的诱因是A,呼吸道感染B,体力活动多C,精神压力大D,高盐饮食E,药物使用不当4,左心衰竭的症状发生的原因主要是A,体循环瘀血B,肺循环瘀血C,循环血容量减少D,心排血量减少E,高血压5,患者,男,60岁。
有高血压病史10年,近2个月来感头晕、乏力,近日出现劳力性呼吸困难,经休息后缓解。
患者最可能出现A,高血压危象B,急性左心衰竭C,慢性左心衰竭D,慢性右心衰竭E,肺部感染6,患者,男,60岁,双下肢水肿,肝大,颈静脉怒张,肝颈静脉反流征阳性。
考虑A,心肌炎B,慢性肾炎C,慢性肌炎D,左心功能不全E,右心功能不全7,患者,女,30岁。
患风湿性心脏病二尖瓣狭窄,出现咳嗽,咳粉红色泡沫痰伴极度呼吸困难,心率120/min,并闻及舒张期奔马律,两肺广泛湿啰音。
其诊断为A,急性左心衰竭B,急性右心衰竭C,肺气肿D,肺梗死E,急性心肌炎8,下列检查不能反映心脏功能状态的是A,X线检查B,超声心动图C,放射核素检查D,胸部CTE,有创性血流动力学检查9,心脏病患者,50岁,体力活动轻度受限制,日常活动可以引起呼吸困难。
判断为A,心功能 I级B,心功能 II级C,心功能III级D,心功能 IV级E,心功能代偿期10,患者,男,50岁。
患慢性心功能不全,表现为夜间阵发性呼吸困难、尿量减少。
给予药物治疗后,以上症状有所好转,但出现恶心、呕吐、头晕、头痛、视物模糊、黄视,测心率50/min,心律不齐。
其原因是A,慢性心功能不全的症状B,洋地黄类药物中毒C,扩血管药物中毒D,利尿剂的不良反应E,洋地黄类药物量不足11,急性肺水肿患者乙醇湿化吸氧的目的是A,减少呼吸道分泌物B,改善肺循环,减轻肺水肿C,扩张运气管,改善通气D,降低肺泡内泡沫的表面张力E,有利于消除呼吸道的分泌物12,患者,女,24岁。
初中物理竞赛训练(综合训练一)

初中物理竞赛训练题(综合训练一)1.一只垒球以某一速度飞向木栅栏,会被木栅栏弹回来,而一辆汽车以相同的速度撞向这一栅栏,木栅栏就会被汽车撞坍。
这是因为汽车()(A)具有较大的势能; (B)具有较大的动能;(C)具有较大的弹性; (D)具有较大的功率。
2.宝山钢铁公司的高炉工人都穿着反光很强的镀铝防护服,这主要是为了( )(A)易于观察操作工人的位置; (B)防止传导给工人造成的危害;(C)防止对流给工人造成的危害;(D)防止辐射给工人造成的危害3.如图所示是测定小灯泡额定功率的实验电路,如果考虑到伏待表和安培表本身有一定的电阻,那么小灯泡额定功率的测量值应该比实际值( )(A)大; (B)小; (C)相等; (D)无法确定。
第3题图第5题图4.一支刻度均匀但刻度线位置不准的温度计,把它放在1标准大气压的沸水中,读数是97℃,把它放在冰水混合物中,读数是2℃。
若用这支温度计去测量某物体的温度时,它的读数恰好等于物体的实际温度,则该物体的温度是( )(A)50℃; (B)47.5℃; (C)4O℃; (D)38℃。
5.如图所示,把测量大气压强的托利拆利实验装置放在托盘电子秤上,玻璃管A由支架固定,且跟水银槽B的底部不接触。
当大气压强为1.01×105帕时,托盘电子秤的读数为Q。
若外界的大气压强下降时,托盘电子秤的读数将( )(A)大于Q; (B)等于Q;(C)小于Q; (D)无法确定。
6.用一个测量仪器测量某物理量时得到的数据跟物理量之间满足最简单的函数关系。
下表所示是该测量仪器测量某物理量时的一组测量值(表中已知量的单位和仪器刻度读数的单位相同):已知物理量Q 0.00 1.00 2.00 4.00 6.00仪器刻度读数S 0.00 0.50 2.00 8.00 18.00由上表可以推断,若用这个测量仪器去测量一个5.00单位的已知物理量时,仪器的读数是( )(A)10.0; (B)12.5; (C)13.0; (D)16.5。
病句综合训练一答案

1(D)A1-2岁之间,并且阅读时长是随着年龄的增长而增加的。
20个小时的义工服务。
C +D .面对经济全球化带来的机遇和挑战,正确的选择是,充分利用一切机遇,合作应对一切挑战,引导好经济全球化走向。
2(C)A .截至124090B,使得这一古老的文明再次吸引了世人的目光。
A )古代雕刻艺术的宝库。
BC力更突出,看待世界也更加宽容。
D、载人航天、月4.下列各句中没有语病的一句是(D)A我们需要能深度学习的人工智能为我们提供协助,帮助我们让生活更加便捷轻松。
5.下列各句中,没有语病的一项是(C)C919B“大众创业、万众创新”活动发展势头迅猛:无论是在大学校园,还是在产业园区,D会协调发展的生态乡,制定了五年发展建设规划。
6(B),昨天在新建的专属剧场首演,该剧以全新的观演模式带领。
C C919的试飞成功,标志着我国大型商用飞机的研制已达到国际先进水平。
D .骑自行车健身时,所以减肥、塑身效果都比较明显。
7D )AB各种生活现象的一种民间说唱曲艺形式。
C,通过共享用户数据、建立单车使用诚信系统等方式共同引导共享单车行业健康有序发展。
8.下列各句中,没有语病的一句是( D )ABC我国成功发射的脉冲星试验卫星属于太阳同步轨道卫星,入轨并完成在轨测试后将开展在轨技术试验,主要验证星载脉冲星探测器性能指标等。
9. 下列各句中,加点成语使用不恰当的一项是(D)A.当全民足球的趋势逐渐被放大,校园足球也出现了“量产式”的发展,家长的担心也并非全都是不经之谈。
B.一篇好的新闻作品,并不取决于作者是不是有倚马可待、妙笔生花的文思与文采,而是取决于作者是不是真的心系群众。
C.来自湖南省的郭建宁等三位艺术家所唱的《亲吻祖国》可谓气冲霄汉,表达了对祖国的中国大学要走向世界,成为世界一流大学,必须在教学、科研、管理、改革等各方面动脑筋、花力气,用罚抄3500遍“我错了”来惩罚逃课大学生,确实让人贻笑大方。
下列各句中,没有语病的一句是(A )这个游戏平台在整个产业链中,占据了中游资源,不仅是中国民族网络游戏、移动互B.C.试政策拓宽足球人才成长渠道,培养优秀足球后备人才。
小学语文三年级上册综合训练(一)

小学语文三年级上册综合训练(一)(考试时间为80分钟,满分100分)第一部分积累运用(35分)一、根据语境拼读,把词语写在田字格内。
(8分)1.zǎo ch en,同学们穿着xiān yàn 的fú zhuāng把学校dǎ bàn得绚丽多彩,zhāo yǐn来了hào qí的蜜蜂、蝴蝶,它们在花丛中tiào wǔ、kuáng huān。
二、根据题干要求,选择正确的选项。
(12分)1.下列加点字读音完全相同的一项是()。
A.放假.假.期假.以时日B.背.诵后背.背.道而驰C.圆圈.羊圈.包围圈.D.和好.好.奇争强好.胜2.结合下列语境,适合填在括号里的一项的是()。
①树叶在秋风中()地响。
②春天来了,泉水(),鸟儿(),仿佛是一首优美的交响曲。
③她()一笑,脸上盛开出一朵美丽的花。
A.簌簌啾啾叮咚扑哧B.叮咚扑哧簌簌啾啾C.簌簌叮咚啾啾扑哧D.啾啾叮咚簌簌扑哧3.有新鲜感的词语能带给我们想象,对下面词语展开的想象不正确的一项是()。
A.咿咿呀呀(想起小孩子学说话或低声哭泣的声音)B.鸦雀无声(想起同学们认真学习,教室里非常安静的样子)C.绚丽多彩(想起春天花园里开放的各种各样的鲜花)D.私塾(想起私人建的别墅)4.下列句子所运用的修辞手法中判断准确的一项是()。
①湿润的东风走过荒野,在竹林中吹着口笛。
②同学们向小鸟打招呼,向老师问好,向国旗敬礼。
③难道你不知道他们为什么那样急急忙忙吗?A.排比比喻疑问B.比喻排比拟人C.拟人比喻反问D.拟人排比反问三、句子练习。
(6分)1.我看见一座教学楼和一阵阵读书声。
(修改病句)(2分)2.孙中山想:这样稀里糊涂地背,有什么用呢?(改为陈述句)(2分)3.孙中山在班里组织了一个读书兴趣小组,请你帮忙取个响亮的名字,吸引有相同爱好的同学一起开展活动吧。
(2分)四、我会诵读。
(9分)1.《大青树下的小学》描写了一所边疆小学里孩子们________________________的学习生活,体现了祖国各民族之间的___________________________,表达了作者__________________________的感情。
2四年级应用题专题训练(单量 数量 总量)综合训练 (1)

四年级应用题专题训练(单量数量总量)综合训练1.一种抽水机4台8小时抽水192吨,平均每台每小时抽水多少吨?2.学校组织植树活动,把学生分成18个小组,一共要植576棵树,平均每组植树多少棵?3.现有80.8千克的油,容量为4.7千克的油桶多少只才能全部装完?(得数保留整数)4.装订一本书要42张纸,现在860张纸装订20本书,纸够吗?5.某日人民币对美元的汇价是100美元可兑换人民币801.97元。这样要兑换1万美元需要人民币( )元。6.王老师有72元钱,他买24元一本的词典,可以买( )本。 A.5B.4C.37.四年级80位少先队员在学雷锋活动中共做好事560件,平均每个同学做了多少好事?8.一台收割机7小时收割小麦3.5公顷。平均收割每公顷小麦要多少小时?平均每小时收割小麦多少公顷?9.如果公园的门票每张8元,某校组织97名同学去公园玩,带800元钱够不够?10.一种播种机的播种宽度是3米,播种机每小时行5千米,照这样计算,2小时可以播种多少公顷?11.海啸过后的第16天,已不是中国首富的丁磊在广州宣布他个人向中国红十字会捐款120万美元,帮助受灾地区重建家园。
他的捐款折合人民币多少万元(1美元相当于8.25元人民币)?12.在百米赛跑中一名运动员用时为12秒,他每秒钟跑( )米。(得数保留两位小数。)13.小明买5千克苹果用去16.5元,小红买7千克苹果用去21.7元,谁买得贵?贵多少?14.一堆煤有3.7吨,一辆板车每次只能运走0.5吨。如果把这堆煤都运走至少要运( )次。[ ]A.7.4 B.7 C.815.妈妈到菜场买猪肉回到家,小明问妈妈猪肉一斤要多少元,妈妈说1.25斤的猪肉要8.5元,你能快速的帮小明解决问题吗?16.一辆汽车3.5升油可以行驶70千米,这辆汽车用1升油可以行驶多少千米?行驶1千米需要多少升汽油?17.李老师给参加数学竞赛获奖的同学买奖品,用148.8元买了12枝钢笔,每枝钢笔是( )元。18.王师傅4.8小时加工12个零件,平均每小时加工多少个,列式是( );平均加工一个零件要多少小时,列式是( )。A、4.8×12 B、4.8÷12 C、12×4.8 D、12÷4.819.有一批13.6吨的货物,用一辆载重4吨的卡车至少要几次才能运完?20.一家粮店5天买出618.5千克大米,平均每天卖出多少千克?21.一张发票被撕掉一角,你能算出每张桌子多少钱吗?22.每本故事书8.65元,李老师要买35本故事书,大约需要多少钱?(得数保留整数)23.商店里运来75个玉米,如果每15个装一筐,能正好装完吗?还可以怎么装?装几筐?24.一根6.4米长的彩带,每1.4米剪一段包扎一个礼盒,这根彩带可以包扎几个礼盒?25.一篇891个字的文章,小英为打字员、办公人员、学生小明三个人作了一个调查,请你帮小英把表填完整。
综合训练一、答案

综合训练一第Ⅰ卷(选择题共70分)一、选择题:本题包括26小题,每小题2分,共52分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题意。
1.水溶性染色剂(PI),能与核酸结合而使细胞核着色,可将其应用于细胞死活的鉴别。
细胞浸泡于一定浓度的PI中,仅有死亡细胞的核会被染色,活细胞则不着色,但将PI 注射到活细胞中,则细胞核会着色。
利用PI鉴别细胞的基本原理是A.死细胞与活细胞的核酸结构不同 B.死细胞与活细胞的核酸含量不同C.活细胞能分解染色剂PI D.活细胞的细胞膜阻止PI的进入2.在做脂肪鉴定的实验中,步骤二用到了50%的酒精溶液,其作用是( ) A.消毒 B.洗去切片上的浮色C.便于观察 D.作为染色辅助剂3.下面是4位同学拼制的DNA分子部分平面结构模型,正确的是( )ABCD4.稻田里农民要拔掉稗草,人们不断清除鱼塘中肉食性的黑鱼,从生态学分析是为( ) A.保持生态平衡B.保持物种的单一性C.调整能量流动的方向D.加快物质循环5.下列属于支原体细胞中的生物膜的是( )A.细胞膜 B.荚膜 C.内质网膜 D.核膜6.对绿色植物来说,在反应式中,当反应向ATP方向进行时,提供能量的生理过程是( )A.暗反应和呼吸作用B.光反应和呼吸作用C.主动运输和光反应D.光反应和暗反应7.某学生在玻璃温室里进行植物栽培实验,为此他对室内空气中的二氧化碳含量进行24小时测定,图曲线中能正确表示其测定结果的是( ) (横坐标为当日时间,纵坐标为二氧化碳浓度)8.下面是最早的抗生素——青霉素的发明人弗莱明所从事的研究过程的一部分。
观察:在培养细菌的器具中发现一种青霉菌,在这种青霉菌的周围没有其他的细菌生存。
问题:为什么会产生这种现象?实验:用培养过青霉菌的培养基制成液体,然后用这种液体培养细菌,实验考察这种培养液对细菌增殖的影响结果:该培养液使细菌增殖停止。
最适合作为这个实验猜想的是( )A.青霉菌与细菌间是共生关系 B.青霉菌污染了细菌生存的环境C.青霉菌产生了对人类有益的物质 D.青霉菌产生了可以抑制细菌增殖的物质9.下列生物学研究选择的技术(方法)不恰当的是 ( ) A.利用纸层析法分离叶绿体中的色素 B.利用γ射线诱变育种C.利用同位素示踪法研究DNA复制 D.利用光学显微镜观察细胞膜磷脂双分子层10.某细菌能产生一种“毒性肽”,其分子式是C55H70O19N10,将它彻底水解后只能得到下列四种氨基酸:甘氨酸(C2H5NO2)、丙氨酸(C3H7NO2)、苯丙氨酸(C9H11NO2)、谷氨酸(C5H9NO4),则控制该毒性肽合成的基因至少含有的碱基数为( )A.4 B.60 C.30 D.1011.一株基因型为AaBbCc的植物,取其花药进行花药离体培养,得到的幼苗中基因型是aabbcc的个体为( )A.1/64 B.1/16 C.1/8 D.012.下图是某遗传病系谱图,如图Ⅲ6与有病的女性结婚,则生育有病男孩的概率是( )A.1/4B.1/3C.1/8D.1/613.假如某大肠杆菌含14N的DNA的相对分子质量为a,若将其长期培养在含15N的培养基中,便得到含15N的DNA,相对分子质量为b。
中考基础专项综合训练 (1)

年 份 用水量
2002年 35吨
2003 年 34.5
2004年 34.0
2005年 33.2
20企业回水利用率统计表
年 份
2002年
2003年
2004年
2005年
2006 年
2007年
利用率
5.1%
5.3%
5.5%
5.7%
5.9%
6.0%
答: (3)在本次活动中,需要粘贴一些标语口号,请你根据 “发展 水利,改善民生”和“绿色奥运,节水先行”的意思和句式,再写 出两条标语,句子字数不必拘泥8个字。(2分) 标语口号: (1) (2)
2024届江苏省南京市高三下学期考前综合训练题(一)英语试题

2024届江苏省南京市高三下学期考前综合训练题(一)英语试题一、阅读理解The Shanghai Museum has announced its 2024 exhibition list, and “Top of the Pyramids, Ancient Egyptian Civilization Exhibition” will be the most anticipated.Running from July 19 to August 17, 2025, the one-year exhibition features the world’s largest and Asia’s highest level of ancient Egyptian cultural relics (文物) seen outside the country of Egypt. More than 95 percent of the Egyptian relics in this show are coming to Asia for the first time. It is also China’s first cooperation with the Egyptian government.Occupying three exhibition halls on the first floor at the Shanghai Museum, the exhibition will display nearly 500 groups of 800 ancient Egyptian relics.To be in concert with this exhibition, “Disappearing Pharaoh Khufu”, an immersive (沉浸的) exhibition, will be held at the same time on the second floor at the museum. Through the top virtual reality technology, visitors are able to travel back to the mysterious Egyptian civilization 4,500 years ago through a 45-minute digital experience.Besides this exhibition, the Shanghai Museum will also arrange a group of overseas exhibitions to spread traditional Chinese culture and art to more people. Among them, “China’s Han Dynasty cultural relics exhibition” will be on display in Hungary from January to June, showing the artistic and cultural achievements during the Han Dynasty. “The World of Marco Polo” will be shown from April to September in Italy and “The Beauty of Chinese Ceramics” in Japan from October to March, 2025.1.What’s special about the Egyptian cultural relics show?A.It displays relics hardly shown in Asia before.B.It features a VR experience in 3 exhibition halls.C.It marks Egypt’s first overseas exhibition of relics.D.It witnesses the long-term China-Egypt cooperation.2.Which exhibition will be shown in Italy?A.Disappearing Pharaoh Khufu.B.China’s Han Dynasty cultural relics exhibition.C.The World of Marco Polo.D.The Beauty of Chinese Ceramics.3.Where is this text probably taken from?A.A travel schedule.B.A local newspaper.C.A museum brochure.D.An official document.Last year I averaged 9,370 steps a day. My smartphone counted. My daily aim? Ten thousand steps. Because goals.Yet the concept of taking 10,000 steps a day to maintain health is rooted not in science but in marketing. In the 1960s, a Japanese company invented an early pedometer (计步器). Because the Japanese character for “10,000” looks like a person walking, the company called its device the 10,000-step meter. “It was just sort of a catchy phrase,” says I-Min Lee, a scientist at Harvard Medical School.In 2019, Lee published a study investigating the actual effects of meeting the 10,000-step goal. The result? Some movement is good, and more is better, but the benefits decline at some point. Your personal peak depends on your age. People younger than 60 should indeed walk 8,000 to 10,000 steps a day to get the best benefits in terms of lifespan (寿命). People older than 60 show the most benefit between 6,000 and 8,000 steps.The difference is energy consumption. “We basically relate energy consumption to health outcomes,” Lee says. Walking for 60 minutes at 3.3 miles an hour and running for 30 minutes at 6 miles an hour use the same amount of energy. “The older you are, the less efficient you are with your steps,” Lee says. “Per step, older people use more energy.” Thus, they need fewer steps to achieve the same benefits.Newer studies are moving beyond death rates to ask questions about the way steps may help to control blood pressure and weight. The goal, after all, is not just to live longer but to live healthier. Ful results are not in yet, so Lee’s advice is: “Tailor your steps according to what you are trying to achieve and according to who you are.”4.The concept of taking 10,000 steps daily arises from ______.A.the findings of scientific surveys B.the formation of a Japanese characterC.a marketing trick D.a healthy habit5.What does Lee’s research find?A.Walking step targets vary with age.B.Walking more makes one look younger.C.Old people benefit more from walking longer.D.Reaching 10,000 steps daily appeals to many.6.What is paragraph 4 mainly about?A.The difference in energy consumption among age groups.B.The contrast between the benefits of walking and running.C.The reason for setting different step goals based on age.D.The link between energy consumption and health outcomes.7.What will newer studies focus on?A.How steps change one’s lifestyle.B.How steps affect one’s lifespan.C.How steps reduce death rates.D.How steps boost healthy living.We go through life assuming we’re in charge of our own minds —until temptation (诱惑) strikes. Few things better illustrate how little control we really have. You can know exactly what you should do (decline the second slice of cake or the third cocktail), but that hardly seems to matter when the urge arises. More self-discipline is rarely the answer, though. Instead, if you can understand what’s going on inside your head when temptation comes, you’ll be far better placed to make a healthier choice.Sometimes, you need to push yourself, the idea behind which, in psychology, is to make the better choice the easier choice. (School pupils eat more healthily, it’s been shown, when the salads are within easier reach than the chips.) So, instead of relying on willpower, stop keeping ice creams in your freezer! Use StayFocused or similar apps to block distracting websites. Change your environment, and temptation will be a non-issue.For every person, behind every bad habit, there's a reasonable desire: some people eat or drink too much because they're lonely, or smoke to get a break from a busy schedule. Once you’ve uncovered this underlying need, find a different way to meet it: call a friend; take a coffee break instead of a cigarette break. There’s nothing wrong with the need—only with the way you’recurrently meeting it.It’s a strange truth that we’ll break all sorts of promises to ourselves— yet most of us would never fail to show up at a prearranged meeting with a friend. Involve others in your temptation-resistance efforts, whether it's asking someone to check in weekly to see if you’re sticking to your plan, or never going shopping alone if you’re subject to impulse purchases. Best of all, launch a joint plan, in which two of you decide to give up a bad habit. That turns a challenge into a fun game.8.What does “that” mean in paragraph 1?A.Temptation.B.Self-awareness.C.Choice.D.Self-motivation.9.Which should be a good choice if you feel worn out from a packed timetable?A.Exercise strong willpower over it.B.Keep ice creams within easy reach.C.Use StayFocused to refresh yourself.D.Chat with a friend over a cup of coffee.10.What does the author suggest you do according to paragraph 4?A.Seek partners’ support.B.Leave challenges behind.C.Keep your promises.D.Say no to playing games.11.What is the text mainly about?A.What causes temptation.B.How to keep temptation at bay.C.Why urges set in.D.How to keep life under control.While lifting weights one day, I heard a loud click on my back. I was rushed to the emergency room, where I was told the pain would eventually disappear. It didn’t, however. What I’ve learned about pain since then — both as a patient and as a physician — has me questioning how we treat it.Vania Apkarian, one of the world’s leading pain researchers, told me the classic idea is that pain continues as long as the injury does, but the injury and pain it produces end up being separate. “Although MRIs (核磁共振) are reliable indicators of injury, they are not reliable indicators of pain,” he says. A review of 33 studies found that among a group of 20-year-olds without any backpain, 37 percent had disc degeneration (腰椎间盘退化) on MRI. And in people whose backs hurt, MRI results have absolutely no connection with their pain.This is a really big deal: millions of people in the U.S. alone get MRIs for back pain. Yet 5 percent of them were medically justified, and of those who received MRIs, 65 percent received potentially harmful advice — including calls for risky back surgery that probably wouldn’t have resolved their pain. I could have been one of those people, yet when I took my MRI films to an experienced surgeon, he told me an operation might leave my back worse off.If MRI doesn’t explain long-lasting pains, what does? One major factor is our mentality. A recent trial has revealed the power of therapies (疗法) that target how we think about discomfort. People who are anxious about being in pain are twice as likely to develop long time pain.A thorough examination of pain and its origins should encourage efforts to make sure everyone in pain receives kindness and respect, as well as access to more than pills and surgical procedures. Fully accepting the complexity of pain can open the door to new and innovative ways to ensure that even if we hurt, we don’t have to suffer.12.What does paragraph 2 imply?A.Back pain is not necessarily an emergency case.B.MRI tests can’t give a full picture of one’s condition.C.Minor injuries can lead to severe pain.D.Bone problems begin to bother the young.13.What can we learn from the author’s personal story?A.He found his back surgery medically justified.B.The surgeon misled him about the back injury.C.A surgery might do him more harm than good.D.Being a physician helps him treat his back pain.14.According to the author, what should a patient with long-lasting pain do?A.Consult professionals to receive surgeries.B.Have painkillers as early as possible.C.Take comprehensive MRI examinations.D.Acquire a thorough understanding of the pain.15.What is a suitable title for the text?A.Origins of pain.B.Killers of pain.C.Victims of pain.D.Effects of pain.On a beautiful Saturday morning, I went for a run in the park. I got to about a mile and a half, through rose gardens and around trees. 16 . The next thing I remember was two worried faces looking down at me.They were calling an ambulance, while a black Labrador was licking my face! I felt pain in my back. Later, I learnt the dog chasing a squirrel ran straight into me. I was thrown into the air and landed on my back. My usual run had turned into a trip to a nearby hospital. Luckily, aside from minor injuries, I was OK. 17 : what if it had been a car? How can we ever see these things coming?The truth is that sometimes, life really is out of our control. Then what do we do when it does? First, do a gratitude stocktake (盘点): my friend Denise, would look after my son Jett; gratitude that it was a dog, not a car, and I lived to tell the tale.The next, who and what measures up? These uncontrollable moments in life are also the times when you find the greatest clarity. 18 .The ones that make the effort: show up; come round; be there.19 see it as an opportunity to step back and reassess. Is your time and love focused on the things that truly matter? Are there conversations left unsaid? What do you want to do differently? If it all ended tomorrow, would your life have been well lived? I hope so. 20 ! A.But it crossed my mindB.Unless misfortune falls upon youC.Then I‘m not entirely sure what happenedD.You see the people who are really there for youE.When the breath is literally knocked out of youF.I didn’t expect a Labrador would transform my lifeG.If not, it’s time to start living and watching out for dogs二、完形填空In 2014, Amy collapsed from a brain hemorrhage (脑溢血) while working. After a year recovering at home, she 21 a course with the ambition to become a 22 .However, occasional vision disturbance was still 23 , influencing the amount of 24 she could give to the course. Further complications (并发症) left the young artist almost completely blind, making it difficult to see a whole figure. It’s particularly 25 because it seemed to 26 her optimism to be a painter!One morning, when watching the sunrise, she suddenly felt a sense of 27 . She realized that she may not 28 a whole face anymore, but it shouldn’t stop her from putting what she could see on canvas (画布). The following years, she 29 her special art journey.“Strangely, my experience has increased my 30 when drawing, enabling me to catch a character better,” she explains. “People often speak highly of the detail and sensitivity of the character. I have more determination and appreciation for my 31 . These are 32 I wouldn’t have had without everything I’ve 33 .” For her new touring exhibition, she has produced a series of artworks based on her visual experience. “In the 34 interaction between what I can and cannot see lies my perspective on the world.”Sometimes, we can tur a loss into a gain: something unique and individual that has been gifted to us by never 35 .21.A.made use of B.looked forward to C.signed up for D.took pride in 22.A.teacher B.doctor C.worker D.painter 23.A.present B.unnoticed C.unusual D.strange 24.A.credit B.energy C.instruction D.donation 25.A.disappointing B.exciting C.inspiring D.depressing 26.A.ruin B.boost C.spread D.express 27.A.achievement B.thankfulness C.belongings D.security 28.A.see B.touch C.draw D.cover 29.A.shared B.concluded C.started D.recalled 30.A.eyesight B.sensitivity C.taste D.attention 31.A.talent B.choice C.role D.vision 32.A.gifts B.challenges C.awards D.pains33.A.relied on B.gone after C.survived through D.thought of 34.A.active B.misty C.social D.regular 35.A.losing B.leaving C.quitting D.failing三、语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
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综合训练项目一
四人表决器电路设计
目的和要求:
1. 目的是熟悉中、小规模集成电路功能,掌握不同类型门电路或集成电路实现组合逻辑电路的方法。
2. 要求设计一个四人表决器,按少数服从多数规则,利用红白两种颜色灯代表是否通过,并用数码管显示同意人数;用门电路或中规模集成电路译码器或数据选择器完成控制任务;有研究方案比较,能够应用相关仿真软件绘制逻辑图。
成果形式:提交实现方案的逻辑图和结果仿真。
四人表决器,用于投票,少数服从多数,当同意和不同意票数相同时,为不通过。
1:当X,Y,Z,W四人按下四个开关时,表示为同意,接入高电平1.当抬起开关时,表示为不同意,接入低电平0。
2:当三人或三人以上的人按下开关时,为通过,红色灯亮,当两人或两人以上抬起开关时,为不通过,绿色灯亮。
3:按下开关同意人数在数码管上显示,分别为0,1,2,3,4人。
所用电路元件为:74HC154(4-16线译码器)、7448(显示译码器)、8输入与非门两个、12输入与非门一个、非门两个,共阴数码管一个。
方案比较:
1:利用4-16译码器和7448显示译码器以及门电路构成电路;
2:利用八选一数据选择器,4-16线译码以及显示译码器构成电路;
方案2所用到的集成电路比方案1多,所以连线也会增多。
所以选择方案1电路,方案1电路中表示结果的Y和7448显示译码器都可以利用4-16线译码器译出的变量的最小项表示出来。
比方案2简便。
以下是两种方案的连线图。
四人表决电路:
方案1:
方案2:
四人意见变量为X,Y,Z,W,意见通过结果为Y。
同意为“1”,不同意为“0”.
Y 通过为“1”,不通过为“0”。
A 、
B 、
C 、
D 为7448显示译码器输入端。
ABCD D ABC ABCD CD AB BCD A Y ++++='''';
用最小项表示为:()∑=15,14,13,11,7m Y ;
7448输入端:
0=D ; 15m C =; ∑=)14,13,12,11,10,9,7,6,5,3(m B ; ∑=)14,13,11,8,7,4,2,1(m A ;
当X,Y,Z,W四人都不同意时,抬起开关,输入低电平,不通过。
绿灯亮,数码管显示0人通过。
当X同意,按下开关输入高电平,Y,Z,W都不同意时,不通过。
绿灯亮,数码管显示1人通过。
当X,Y同意时,按下开关输入高电平。
Z,W不同意时,抬起开关,输入低电平,不通过。
绿灯亮,数码管
显示2人通过。
当X,Y,Z三人通过时,按下开关输入高电平,W不同意时,抬起开关,输入低电平,通过。
红灯亮,数码管显示3人通过。
当X,Y,Z,W四人都同意时,按下开关,输入高电平,通过。
红灯亮,数码管显示4人通过。
心得体会:通过本次综合训练,我发现在纸上边列出真值表和逻辑式之后,在软件中仿真会有一定的差别,在软件中接线的时候,遇到了些困难,最后在查资料后才解决,也帮助我进一步了解了实验所用到的这几个集成元件和接线方法。