2020版一轮译林英语 第一部分 语言知识 (2)

能力提升题组训练(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018江苏苏州一模) In English the sky is blue,and the grass is green.But in Vietnamese there is just one color category for both sky and grass:xanh.For decades cognitive(认知的) scientists have pointed to such examples as evidence that language largely determines how we see color.But new research with four-to six-month-old babies indicates that long before we learn language,we see up to five basic categories of color—a finding that suggests a stronger biological element to perceive(感知) color than previously thought.The study,published recently in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA,tested the color-discrimination abilities of more than 170 British babies.Researchers at the University of Sussex in England measured how long babies spent staring at color swatches,a system known as looking time.First babies were showed one swatch repeatedly until their looking time decreased—a sign they had grown bored with it.Then the researchers showed them a different sample and noted their reaction.Longer looking times were explained to mean the babies considered the second sample to be a new color.Their increasing responses showed that they distinguished among five colors:red,green,blue,purple and yellow.“The finding suggests you come by nature to make color distinctions,but given your culture and language,certain distinctions may or may not be used,”explains lead author Alice Skelton,a doctoral student at Sussex.The study systematically explored babies’ color perception,revealing how we perceive colors before we have the words to describe them,says Angela M.Brown,an experimental psychologist at the Ohio State University’s College of Optometry,who was not involved with the new research.The results add a new challenge to the long nature-versus-nurture debate and the so-called Sapir Whorf hypothesis(假设)—the idea that the way we see the world is shaped by language.In future work,Skelton and her colleagues are interested in testing babies from other cultures.“The way language and culture interact is a really interesting question,”she says.“We don’t yet know the exact systems,but we do know how we start off.”1.What’s the finding of the new research?A.It clarifies what makes babies perceive colors.B.It proves human color recognition is inborn.C.It finds how many colors babies can perceive.D.It shows the color culture is shaped by language.2.According to the new research,we can learn that .A.swatches affect babies in memory and attentionB.longer looking times are based on the psychologyC.researchers determine babies’ color perceptionD.babies can tell the differences of some colors3.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A.Rainbow in the Baby’s WorldB.A Journey to the World of ColorsC.A New Challenge:Language vs.CultureD.Different Babies,Different Color Perception语篇解读:本文是说明文。

英国萨塞克斯大学一项对婴儿的研究发现,人类生来具有区分颜色的能力。

答案及剖析:1.B 细节理解题。

根据第一段“But new research with four-to six-month-old babies...to perceive(感知) color than previously thought”可知,对4—6个月大的婴儿研究后发现在我们学习语言前,已看出多达5种基本颜色。

即人类辨别颜色的能力是天生的。

2.D 细节理解题。

根据第二段“Their increasing responses showed that they distinguished among five colors:red,green,blue,purple and yellow.”可知,婴儿能够区分一些颜色。

3.A 文章标题题。

通读全文可知,最新研究表明婴儿具有区分颜色的能力。

“rainbow(彩虹)”在此指代颜色。

故A项“婴儿世界里的彩虹(色彩)”作为标题最合适。

BInstagram is containing so many photos of food—now a pop-up diner in London is taking advantage of this new trend by letting people settle the bill for their meals simply by uploading photos of their dishes to social networks.I always thought people’s taking pictures of their food was kind of silly, but at this new pop-up restaurant in the UK, I’d probably do it too.‘The Picture House’is the world’s first pay-by-photo restaurant—you order, click a photo of the food, share on Instagram and eat for free!The restaurant belongs to frozen food giant Birds Eye, who came up with the idea to cash in on people’s addiction with photographing food and sharing the pictures online. They conducted a survey and found out that more than half of the British population regularly took pictures of their meals.So they realized it was a better way to advertise their new dining range.The pop-up diner was open in Soho, London for three days in May, and is now moving to other major UK cities.They serve two-course meals that customers don’t have to pay for, if they photo and Instagram it.The restaurant is a part of Birds Eye’s ‘Food for Life’ campaign, a new marketing project that aims at changing the way people look at frozen food.“Taking photos of food enables people to show off and to share their mealtime moments—from the everyday to the special,” said marketing director Margaret Jobling.The reaction to The Picture House has been great so far.And the pay-by-picture concept has proven to be an effective way.Alternative payment methods are actually gaining popularity among a lot of st year, in a cafe in Germany customers pay by how much time they spend there, not by what they eat.4.Instagram probably is .A.a restaurant free of chargeB.a campaign of “Food for Life”C.a new marketing projectD.a program used to share photos5.What’s the author’s attitude to this new trend?A.Opposed.B.Interested.C.Confused.D.Unconcerned.6.‘The Picture House’ encourages sharing photos of its food to .A.attract more customersB.raise the price of frozen foodC.create a new social media trendD.reward the regular customers7.Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage?A.No Need to Pay.B.The Pop-up Diner.C.Pay by Picture.D.Food for Life.语篇解读:本文是记叙文。