2019高考英语译林版专题技能指导4：阅读理解
2019高考英语译林版专题技能指导3：阅读理解
There is a popular saying in the English language: “Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” Well, that is not true. Unkind words, name－calling or even the so －called “the silent treatment” can hurt children as much as being physically hit, sometimes even more so.A recent study of middle school children showed that verbal(言语的) abuse by other children can harm development in the brain. The study was a project of researchers at Harvard Medical School in Massachusetts. Researcher Martin Teicher and his team studied young adults, aged 18 to 25. These young men and women had not ever been treated in a cruel or violent way by their parents. The researchers asked the young people to rate their childhood exposure to verbal abuse from both parents and other children. Then the researchers performed imaging tests on the brains of the subjects.The images showed that the people who reported suffering verbal abuse from peers in middle school had underdeveloped connections between the left and right side of the brain. The two sides of the brain are connected by a large bundle of connecting fibers called the corpus callosum. This was the area that was underdeveloped.The middle school years are a time when these brain connections are developing. So, unkind, hurtful comments from children or adults during this period have the greatest effect.The researchers tested the mental and emotional condition of all the young people in the study. The tests showed that this same group of people had higher levels of fear, depression, anger and drug abuse than others in the study.The researchers published their findings online on the American Journal of Psychiatry's website.Parents cannot control what other people say to their children, but they can prepare their children.语篇导读本文为说明文。
2019高考英语阅读理解细节理解试题答案及解释
2019高考英语阅读理解细节理解试题答案及解释1、 A new commodity brings about a highly profitable,fast-growing industry,urging antitrust(反垄断)regulators to step in to check those who control its flow. A century ago ,the resource in question was oil. Now similar concerns ares being raised by the giants(巨头)that deal in data, the oil of the digital age. The most valuable firms are Google,Amazon, Facebook and Microsoft. All look unstoppable.Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up. But size alone is not a crime,The giants' success has benefited consumers. Few want to live without search engines or a quick delivery, Far from charging consumers high prices, many of these services are free (users pay, in effect, by handing over yet more data). And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves, too.But there is cause for concern. The internet has made data abundant, all-present and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better. But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new services: translation and visual recognition, to be sold to other companies. Internet companies’ control of data gives them enormous power. So they have a “God’s eye view” of activities in their own markets and beyond.This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves: in time, one of them would become great again. A rethink is required—and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.The first is that antitrust authorities need to move form the industrial age into the21st century. When considering a merger(兼并),for example, they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in. They now need to take into account the extent of firms' data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals. The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-borm threat. When this takes place,especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of, the regulators should raise red flags.The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply panies could be forced to consumers what information they hold and how many money they make form emments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data, with users' consent.Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy But if govemments don't wants a data oconomy bya few giants, they must act soon.1.Why is there a call to break up giants?A.They have controlled the data marketB.They collect enormous private dataC.They no longer provide free servicesD.They dismissed some new-born giants2.What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate?A.Data giants’ technology is very expensiveB.Google’s idea is popular among data firmsC.Data can strengthen giants’ cont rolling positionD.Data can be turned into new services or products3.By paying attention to firms’ data assets, antitrust regulators could .A.kill a new threatB.avoid the size trapC.favour bigger firmsD.charge higher prices4.What is the purpose of loosening the giants’ control of data?A.Big companies could relieve data security pressure.ernments could relieve their financial pressure.C.Consumers could better protect their privacy.D.Small companies could get more opportunities.2 、El Nino, a Spanish term for “the Christ child”, was named by South American fisherman who noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Nifio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.The weather effects both good and bad, are felt in many places. Rich countries gain more from powerfulNiños, on balance, than they lose. A study found that a strong Niño in 1997 helped American’s economy grow by 15 billion, partly because of better agricultural harvest, farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain. The total rise in agricultural in rich countries in growth than the fall in poor ones.But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames. A multi-year drought (干旱)in south-east Brazil is becoming worse. Though heavy rains brought about by El Niño may relieve the drought in California, they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters.The most recent powerful Niño, in 1997-98, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe. But such Niños come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare. According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards. This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction.Simple improvements to infrastructure (基础设施)can reduce the spread of disease. Better sewers (下水道)make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach. Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods. According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and co-authors, civil conflict is related to El Niño's harmful effects—and the poorer the country, the stronger the link. Though the relationship may not be causal, helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people. Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Niño, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.1.What can we learn about El Nino in Paragraph 1?A.It is named after a South American fisherman.B.It takes place almost every year all over the world.C.It forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas.D.It sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean.2.What may El Niños bring about to the countries affected?A.Agricultural harvests in rich countries fall.B.Droughts become more harmful than floods.C.Rich countries’ gains are greater than their losses.D.Poor countries suffer less from droughts economically.3.The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that_________.A.more investment should go to risk reductionernments of poor countries need more aidC.victims of El Niño deserve more compensationD.recovery and reconstruction should come first4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A.To introduce El Niño and its origin.B.To explain the consequences of El Niño.C.To show ways of fighting against El Niño.D.To urge people to prepare for El Niño.3、 While WeChat is China's biggest mobile messaging app (应用软件),there are many equivalent(相当的) apps in other countries that offer similar features(特征).WhatsApp (US)Users: more than 300 millionPlatforms: Android, 10S, Windows Phone, BlackBerryFeatures:Text chat, push-to-talk, file sharing, location sharingWith more than 300 million active users, WhatsApp is one of WeChat's biggest competitors. Developed by two ex-Yahoo! employees in 2009, WhatsApp originally focused on text chat, but onAug6 it also started push - to - talk service. It's noted for its accessibility, ease of use and the absence of advertisements. The service is free for the first year, after which $0.99 (6.06 yuan) is charged for one-year subscription.Kakao Talk (South Korea)Users: more than 100 millionPlatforms: Android, iOS, Windows Phone, BlackBerry and Bada (an operateing system developed by Samsung) Features: Text chat, group chat, push - to - talk, group calls, file sharingWith more than 100 million users in more than 230 countries, Kakao Talk is a multi - platform ( 多平台) texting application that allows users to send and receive messages for free. With Kakao Talk, users can message each other one-on one or in group chats with unlimited numbers of friends. You can also choose from more than 250 animated emoticons (表情符号) and share them with friends.Line (Japan)Users: more than 200 millionPlatforms: Android, iOS, Windows Phone, BlackBerry and PCFeatures:Text chat, group chat, push - to - talk, file sharing, location sharing, gaming, stickers.Line tops the list of the most downloaded free apps in 52 countries. Apart from text and voice messaging, Line provides its users with more than 250 original stickers and emoticons to buy from its own shop. In the first quarter of 2013 alone. it made $ ,7 million just from stickers. The popular app also allows friends to battle each other in the LINE Game.1.The first paragraph of the passage is used to _______.A.introduce the most popular mobile messaging apps in ChinaB.talk about new features in the latest mobile messaging appsC.draw readers' attention to various popular mobile messaging appsD.explain how mobile messaging apps have become so popularpared with the other two apps, which of the following features makes Line stand out?A.Group mobile games.B.Free stickers and emoticons.C.Free download of the app.D.Text and group chat.3.One of the popular features of WhatsApp is that users_______.A.can send and receive messages for freeB.can enjoy live video chats within groupsC.don't need to worry about unwanted adsD.regularly set free stickers and emoticons4、During the past Spring Festival, many children may have received red packets from their families. But Xing Pu, a 40-year-old economist, is asking the government to give red packets to every Chinese citizen.Xing suggested the government give out 1,000 yuan to each Chinese since the government income has increased rapidly in recent years. He said his suggestion would allow everyone to directly enjoy the fruits of the country’s economic success, help the lower-income groups deal with rising prices and increase consumption(消费)around the country.Recent years have seen the government carry out a series of pro-poor(扶贫)and pro-rural(惠农)policies(政策),including increasing spending on public health-care and cutting down the agricultural tax. But thelower-income group still needs more help.Xing said he has borrowed many ideas from practices in countries like theUnited StatesandSingapore. Earlier this year, the governments of the two nations offered cash handouts(救济)to their citizens. As for inChina, “We can even encourage the rich to donate their 1,000 yuan red packet to the poor,” said Xing.Although Xing’s suggestion has gained wide support among ordinary Chinese on the Internet, many other economists criticized it as unpractica l. “To better use the increase of money, handing out money is not a solution that holds good for all time. It could be better to improve the public service or cut the price of energy use in daily life,” said Qiao Xinsheng, an economic professor.1.Xing Pu suggested that the government give out 1,000 yuan to each Chinese because ________.A.the poor should get help from the richB.the government should help the richC.the growing economic pie should be shared among the peopleD.the government doesn’t know ho w to use the money2.What has the government done to help the lower-income group?A.Spending less on public health care.B.Increasing the agricultural tax.C.Handing out money to every Chinese.D.Carrying out pro-poor and pro-rural policies.3.Xing Pu’s id eas of giving red packets to every Chinese citizen mainly came from ________.A.children receiving red packets from their familiesB.the US andSingaporegovernments offering cash handouts to their citizensC.the government’s increasing spending on public he alth careD.the rising prices in the country4.According to Qiao Xinsheng, what is better than giving out money?A.Supplying food to everyone every day.B.Cutting the price of energy use in daily life.C.Controlling the rising of prices.D.Increasing the government income.5、Rock music in one form or another is the most popular type of music all over the world. But where did it come from?Rock began in the USA in the early 1950s. At that time, “rhythm and blue” music was very popular with black Ame ricans. “R&B” was a mixture of black religious music and jazz. It had strong rhythms that you could dance to and simple, fast words.Noticing the success of R&B music, white musicians started to copy the same style. By the mid-1950s, this new white R&B music, called rock ’n’ roll, had become very popular. Singers like Elvis Presley and Bill Haley attracted millions of teenage fans. Their music was fast and loud. Many older people thought that rock ’n’ roll was very dangerous.By the early 1960s, eve n rock ’n’ roll had become old-fashioned. Many of the songs had begun to sound the same. It was at that time that a new group from England became popular — the Beatles.The Beatles first started by singing American style songs, but they soon developed their own style, with more complicated tunes. They also introduced different instruments. Groups like the Beatles had a very important influence on the style of popular music.By the early 1970s, rock ’n’ roll had developed into a new form of music. El ectronics had replaced the amplified guitars and drums of rock ’n’ roll. “Rock” had arrived.Rock music had continued to change and develop. It had combined with music from different parts of the world. Today, there are hundreds of different types of rock music, and almost every country has its own form of rock.1.When had rock ’n’ roll become very popular?A.By the mid-1950s.B.By the early 1960s.C.By the mid-1960s.D.By the early 1970s.2.Which of the following statements is NOT true about the Beatles?A.It was not an American group.B.This group had their own style.C.This group made American style songs popular.D.The style of popular music had been influenced by this group.3.It can be inferred from the passage that Elvis Presley and Bill Haley________.A.were singers of “R&B”B.were singers in the mid-1950sC.were members of the BeatlesD.were popular with old people4.What's the best title of the passage?A.Popular MusicB.The History of Rock MusicC.Different Forms of Music in AmericaD.The Beatles6、I was reading these interesting stories behind a group of great logos in the world. Personally Nike is my favorite one—it’s so simple. And I liked the stories behind them, which made me forget all other things. McDonald’s, Apple, Mercedes Benz and Adidas own great logos as well, and they are among my favorites.NikeIn the Greek myth, Nike is the goddess of victory and the source of inspiration for soldiers. This logo represents the wing in the famous statue of the Greek goddess. Nike’s log o was designed by Carolyn Davidson in 1971 for $ 35, and was registered as a trademark in 1995.McDonald’sThe logo was designed in 1962 by Jim Schindler to resemble the arch shaped (拱形的) signs on the side of the company’s then walk-up hamburger stand. Later on, the two golden arches were combined together to form the M. The McDonald’s name was added to the logo in 1968.AppleThere are different stories behind Apple’s logo. The first logo was a reference to the religious story of Adam and Eve, in which the apple represented the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge. One year later, the second logo was designed in 1977 by Steven Jobs and Ronald Wayne, and it described Sir Isaac Newton sitting under an apple tree. This logo didn’t stay long. One year later it was replaced almost immediately by graphic designer Rob Janoff’s “rainbow apple”, a rainbow-colored silhouette (轮廓) of an apple with a bite taken out of it. And then the rainbow-colored apple was replaced by the one-colored logo in 1998. It has not been changed so far.Mercedes BenzThe Mercedes Benz logo, which was originally created by Gottlieb Daimler in 1909, consists of a simple description of a three- pointed star that represents its rule of the land, the sea and the air. The company was founded by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach. Mercedes is the name of Maybach’s elder daughter, while Benz came as a result of a combination with Benz, Cie. and DMG in 1926.1.What does the author think of the stories of the great logos?A.They are boring.B.They are attractiveC.They are out of date.D.They are practical2.What does Nike’s logo stand for?A.The goddess of victoryB.The source of inspiration for soldiersC.The wing of the Greek goddessD.The statue of the Greek goddess3.We can le arn that Apple’s present logo is______.A.the religious story of Adam and EveB.Newton’s sitting under an apple treeC.a bitten apple with only one colorD.the rainbow-colored bitten apple4.Which of the following time orders describes the births of the great logos?A.Nike –McDonald’s – Apple – Mercedes Benz.B.Mercedes Benz –McDonald’s – Nike – Apple.C.Mercedes Benz – Apple – Nike –McDonald’s.D.Nike –Mercedes Benz –McDonald’s – Apple.答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：1.A; 2.C; 3.B; 4.D解析：1.推理判断题,根据第二段第一句中的“Such situation"可知答案在第一段,第一段暗示出分化商业巨头的原因是他们控制了数据市场, 故答案为A项。
江苏专用2019高考英语二轮增分策略 专题四 任务型阅读 第一节 技法点拨习题
专题四任务型阅读第一节技法点拨切脉近六年任务型阅读考察特色年份话题体裁词数考点原文词汇类变换词汇类归纳词汇类2021 艺术促使经济谈论文470 2 5 3 2021 人口变化说明文486 2 3 5 2021科技对人类生活的影响谈论文435 1 7 22021 不一样的人对新闻阅读的不一样期望及原由说明文436 3 5 22021 同龄压力谈论文410 3 7 /2021 认真尽责谈论文416 5 4 1考情剖析1．任务型阅读文章在体裁方面，以谈论文为主，兼备其余种类。
词数在400到500之间，选材新奇，话题切近实质生活。
要求考生熟习文章构造、写作特色，正确掌握文章要旨粗心、写作思路和作者的写作企图等等。
2．图表和阅读文章构造对应，练习中的图表——表格式和树状式都是依据阅读文章的篇章构造进行设计的。
阅读文章，经过其标题、构造和段落设置，能够展望到图表的构造设计；借助表格，我们能够更好地理解文章主题、构造和各细节的详细出处。
文章和表格互为增补，相辅相成。
在达成试题时，联合二者，能够更有效率地达成测试任务。
3．所设题型考察了考生对信息办理的多种能力，要求考生在理解文章的根基上，获取与所供给资料有关的信息，同时要按必定的要求，用特定的词汇进行信息输出。
在考察考生对直接信息的理解能力和获取能力的根基上，更着重考察考生对间接信息的获取能力以及语言归纳、表达能力。
在考察中，考生对句子的主谓一致、时态与语态、非谓语动词、固定搭配等语言规那么的理解和掌握的能力尤其重要。
4．文章难度大，题目设置难。
近四年的任务型阅读原文难度均比较大，同时题目设置也比较难。
即便文章粗心能读懂，也很难做全对。
2021,2021,2021的该题型成为英语试卷中的“难啃的骨头〞。
5．2021,2021,2021年高考任务型阅读题目使用了表格类，2021,2021,2021年的高考命题使用了树状图，不论是树状图仍是表格类，都不影响学生答题。
江苏2019高考英语阅读理解试题练习04及解析或解析(12月)
江苏2019高考英语阅读理解试题练习04及解析或解析(12月)编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（江苏2019高考英语阅读理解试题练习04及解析或解析(12月)）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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江苏2019高考英语阅读理解试题练习04及解析或解析(12月）山东省济宁实验中学2018届高三月考AThere are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degree of health and wealth and other comforts of life, one becomes happy; the other becomes unhappy。
This arises from the different ways in which they consider things， persons, events and the resulting effects upon their minds.People who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things：the pleasant parts of conversation， the well prepared dishes， the goodness of the wine, and the fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things。
2019高考英语译林版专题技能指导5：阅读理解
“位置”和“逻辑”两个角度来把握该题型的解题技巧。
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专题技能指导(五) 阅读理解之阅读七选五
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一、阅读七选五的解题步骤 阅读七选五多为说明文，寻找主题句是掌握全文主旨大意最有 效的方法。“演绎法”与“归纳法”是说明文写作中常见的写
通读全文， —— 作方法。因此，在阅读过程中要特别注意文章首段的第一句和 理解大意 末段的最后一句。用“演绎法”写出的文章主题句出现在文
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专题技能指导(五) 阅读理解之阅读七选五
近几年全国卷阅读七选五的文章体裁几乎全部是 说明文 (2017 年全国卷Ⅰ除
外)。这种文体的文章结构严谨，脉络清晰，层次分明，逻辑性强，便于学生在阅读 的基础上进行综合理解。适合考查标题概括句、主题句和过渡句等。该题型大致通 过“ 主旨概括句 ( 涉及文章整体内容 )”“ 过渡句 ( 反映文章结构 )”和“ 细节注释句 (反映上下文的逻辑关系 )”三个类型的备选项来考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构 以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握能力。段首题和段中题是考查重点，而段中题又 以考查并列或递进关系和转折或让步关系的居多，这就要求考生必须联系上下文去 做题，仔细揣摩上下句之间的逻辑关系。因此，在做阅读七选五时，考生可以从
着重阅读下文第一、二句，锁定线索信息词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词， 通常正确答案的最后一句与空后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句之间 会有某种形式的衔接手段。 (3)也可能是段落间的过渡句 这时要瞻前顾后找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾 能有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。
2019高考英语二轮阅读理解强化系列(04)及解析
2019高考英语二轮阅读理解强化系列（04）及解析ANooneknowswherethephrase“Indiansummer”gotstarted.Wearesurethatthephrasewaswell －knownbytheyear1778,becauseCrevecoeur,anAmericanwriter,describeditlikethis:“Ahardfrost(霜冻)followstheautumnrains.Thispreparesthegroundtoreceivethesnowsofwinter.Butbefo rethesnowscome,theearthturnswarmonceagainandthereareafewdaysofsmokeandmildnessc alledIndiansummer.”ThereisastoryaboutIndiansummerthatgoesbacktotheveryfirstsettlersoftheNewWorld.T hefirstfrostmeantwinterwascoming.Snowwouldsoonfollow.TheIndians,seeingthesettlerspreparingforwinter,toldthemnottohurry.Theweatherwou ldturnwarm,mildbreezeswouldblowandtheskywouldturnsoftandsmoky.Andsoitdid.Thesun becamehotter,andabrightwarmsmokeflowedoverthefieldsandwoods.Thesettlers,remembe ringthewordsoftheIndians,calledthiswonderfulperiodIndiansummer. ButtheIndianshavetheirownstoriesaboutthislateperiodofwarmweather.Oneoftheirstor iesisaboutagodcalledShawondasee. ShawondaseewasasadgodbecausehehadlosttheloveofatallandbeautifulIndianmaiden.The sadandbeautifulstorycaughttheimaginationoftheAmericanpoetHenryWadsworthLongfell ow.In1855heincludedthestoryofShawondaseeinhispoem“ThesongofHiawatha”. Thestorygoeslikethis：GodShawondasee,fatandlazy,livedunderthedreamyandnever－endingsouthernsun.Hesentbirdsandwildgeesetothenorth,aswellasmelonsandgrapes.Hes mokedabigpipe,andasthesmokerose,itfilledtheskywithdreamysoftness,gaveabrightshi netothewaterandbroughtthetenderIndiansummertothemelancholynorthland. Thereissomethingaboutthisperiodofwarmweatherthatgivespeoplealiftandmakesthemfee lwarmandhappybeforethelongsnowsofwintercome.5、Whichseasondoes“Indiansummer”referto?A.Earlyspring.tesummer.C.Mid－autumn.D.Earlywinter.6、Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheweatherofthisperiodoftime?A.Hotandhumid.B.Warmandmild.C.Coolandbright.D.Coldandsmoky.7、TheIndians’explanationtothisnaturalphenomenonisthatGodShawondasee______.A.livedunderthedreamysouthernsunB.tookpityonthehomelesssettlersC.smokedalotbecauseofhisbadmoodD.lenthissmokingpipetotheIndians8、Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“melancholy”？A.Sadandlonely.B.Dreamyandexciting.C.Softandmusical.D.Warmandhappy.[答案]5、D。
12019年高考英语考试大纲解读专题04阅读理解(含解析)
专题04 阅读理解《2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》（英语）中有关阅读的要求：要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。
考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
【解读】阅读是我国考生学习和使用外语的最主要途径，因此，阅读理解在试卷中占权重较大。
该部分要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。
考生应能：2. 理解文中具体信息文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节信息对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。
具体信息有时可以直接从文章中获取，有时则需要进行归纳、概括和推断后才能得到。
3. 根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的单词和短语，但许多这类词语的含义可以通过上下文推断出来。
这种不使用词典而通过阅读上下文来推断词语含义的能力，是一个合格的读者必须具备的能力，因此也是阅读理解部分经常考查的一种能力。
4.根据所读内容作出判断和推理在实际的阅读活动中，常常需要根据文章提供的事实和线索，进行逻辑推理，推测作者未明确提到的事实或某事件发展的趋势等。
这种判断和推理的能力是阅读理解能力的重要构成部分，因而也是阅读理解部分重点考查的能力之一。
6. 理解作者的意图、观点和态度每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的，或是向读者传递某个信息，或是愉悦读者，或是讲授某个道理。
而这些信息通常并不是明确表达出来，而是隐含在文章之中。
因此，读者需要在理解文章总体内容的基础上，去领会作者的言外之意。
【说明文】【样题】(2018·全国新课标I，D)We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment– and our wallets – as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life –from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn’t throw out our old ones.“The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’ room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house,” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We’re not just keeping these old devices– we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team, old desktop monitors and boxTVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what’s the solution(解决方案)? The team’s data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt’s team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV.B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV.D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。
2019高考英语译林版专题技能指导4：阅读理解
C．Attending.
D．Disturbing.
[分析] 画线单词所在的句子出现了因果关系标志词 thus，由前面的原因“我儿 子听不懂老师的指示”可以推知，“他因此认为我儿子Scola干扰了课堂”，故选D
项。其余三项都不符合这一因果逻辑关系。
高考总复习 · 英语
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专题技能指导(四) 阅读理解之词义猜测题
的作用。由此看来，对于生词的理解是否准确，直接影响着阅读理解题得分的高
低，对能否取得好的高考成绩有着举足轻重的作用。
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专题技能指导(四) 阅读理解之词义猜测题
词义猜测题的命题方式有：
The word “…” refers to/probably means ______.
[ 分析 ] 根据构词法知识我们可知， un －为否定前缀，－ ness 为名词后缀，
easy(舒适)为词根。因此，我们可知uneasi－ness为“不安；担忧”之意。
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专题技能指导(四) 阅读理解之猜测
在阅读理解文章的句子或段落中，若两个事物或两种现象之间构成因果关系， 这时我们可以根据这种因果逻辑关系推断词或短语的含义。表示因果关系的标志词
专题技能指导(四)
阅读理解之词义猜测题
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专题技能指导(四) 阅读理解之词义猜测题
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一、题型特点与命题方式 词义猜测题基本上是阅读理解每年必考的题型。词义猜测是一种阅读技巧和能 力，主要考查考生在短时间内根据上下文快速猜测所指定的某一个生词、词组或者 句子含义的能力，而这些词和词组往往都超出考纲范围，但在文章阅读中起到一定
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(2018·福建莆田高三质检)An old lady was walking with her basket down the middle of a street in Petrograd to the great confusion of the traffic and with no small danger to herself. It was pointed out to her that the pavement was the place for pedestrians，but she replied，“I'm going to walk where I like. We've got liberty now.” It did not occur to the dear old lady that if liberty entitled(使有权利) the pedestrian to walk down the middle of the road，then the end of such liberty would be universal chaos. Everybody would be getting in everybody else's way and nobody would get anywhere. Individual liberty would have become social chaos.
There is a danger of the world getting liberty－drunk in these days like the old lady，and it is just as well to remind ourselves of what the rule of the road means. It means that in order that the liberties of all may be preserved，the liberties of everybody must be limited. When the policeman steps into the middle of the road and puts out his hand，he is the symbol not of tyranny(暴政)，but of liberty.
Liberty is not a personal affair only，but a social contract(契约). In matters which do not touch anybody else's liberty，of course，I may be as free as I like. If I go down the street dressed strangely，who shall say no to me？We have a whole kingdom in which we rule alone and can do what we choose.But directly we step out of that kingdom，our personal liberty of action becomes __qualified__ by other people's liberty.
We all tend to forget this. A reasonable consideration for the rights or feelings of others is the base of social conduct.
语篇导读本文为议论文，通过讲述一位老太太随心所欲过马路而全然不顾交通规则和对别人的影响这件事引出主题：每个人的自由是有范围的，多考虑别人的感受是社会行为的基础。
1．What does the first paragraph serve as？
A．A background.B．An introduction.
C．A comment.D．An explanation.
【解析】B推理判断题。
第一段主要介绍了一位老太太提着篮子走在马路中间，当别人指出她应该走人行道时，她却以维护自己的自由为说辞，文章接下来就围绕自由展开论述。
所以第一段是通过故事导入话题，故选B项。
2．Which is an example of getting liberty－drunk，according to the passage？
A．Park anywhere you like. B．Walk along the pavement.
C．Wear whatever you like. D．Make loud noises in the wild.
【解析】A细节理解题。
根据第二段可知，liberty－drunk指一种对自由的误解，即只顾自己而不顾别人的不负责任的行为，故选A项。
3．What might the author have stated his “rule of the road” (Paragraph 2) as？
A．Follow the orders of policemen.
B．Do what you like in private.
C．Never walk in the middle of the road.
D．Do not behave inconsiderately in public.
【解析】D推理判断题。
根据第二段可知，作者认为道路规则应该是在尊重别人自由的前提下享有个人的自由，故选D项。
4．What does the underlined word “qualified” (Paragraph 3) mean？
A．Limited.B．Ruined.
C．Improved.D．Educated.
【解析】A词义猜测题。
根据第三段内容可知，自由不仅仅是个人的事，也关乎社会契约。
在允许的范围内，我们可以尽享自己的自由，如果关系到别人(directly we step out of that kingdom)，我们的自由是受别人的自由限制的。
由此可猜测，qualified在此意为“被限制的”，故选A项。