同济大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试试卷A+C组
同济大学研究生院：2011同济大学复试信息汇总
不断更新中......敬请期待！！考研频道
2011年同济大学硕士研究生入学考试录取工作已经进入紧张的复试阶段在此?无忧考网考研频道特整理了2011同济大学研究生复试信息汇总
同济大学研究生院：2011年同济大学硕士研究生入学考试录取工作已经进入紧张的复试阶段，在此考研频道特整理了2011同 济大学研究生复试信息汇总：同济大学复试分数线、同济大学复试名单、同济大学复试时间及复试科目等相关信息供广大考生 查询，预祝大家顺利通过考试！
2011-2012年A卷
同济大学课程考核试卷（A卷）2011 —2012学年第一学期命题教师签名：审核教师签名：课号：03117 课名：土力学A 考试（√）考查（）此卷选为：期中考试( )、期终考试(√)、重考( )试卷，开卷（）、闭卷（√）任课老师：赵春风、蒋明镜、艾智勇、姚笑青、张宏鸣、钱建固、梁发云、冯世进、贾敏才年级专业学号姓名得分一、选择题（20分）（C）1. 土的三相比例指标中，全部属于试验指标的是：A、密度，干密度；B、含水率，干密度；C、土粒比重，密度；D、土粒比重，饱和度。
（D）2. 二种砂土相比较，孔隙比e小的砂土的密实度是：A、较密实；B、较疏松；C、密实度相同；D、不能判定。
（ C ）3. 在同样荷载强度作用时，基础的宽度也相同，则荷载在基础中心点下的影响深度最大的是：A、方形基础；B、矩形基础；C、条形基础；D、都有可能。
（ B ）4. 饱和土中某点的有效应力为σ'，土颗粒间的接触应力为σs，则有：A、σ'>σs；B、σs>σ'；C、σ'=σs；D、饱和土的有效应力公式仅适用于砂土。
（C）5. 关于抗剪强度，下面说法正确的是：A、抗剪强度与总应力有唯一的对应关系，与有效应力之间没有唯一的对应关系；B、抗剪强度与总应力和有效应力之间都没有唯一的对应关系；C、抗剪强度与有效应力有唯一的对应关系，与总应力之间没有唯一的对应关系；D、抗剪强度与总应力和有效应力之间都有唯一的对应关系。
（D）6．已知某土样高度为L、饱和重度为γsat , 试验的水头差为Δh，则土样发生流砂的条件是：A、Δh>Lγsat /γw；B、Δh <Lγsat /γw；C、Δh >L(γsat- γw)；D、Δh >L(γsat- γw )/γw。
（B）7．下列土的模量可通过现场载荷试验p-s曲线上求得的是：A、压缩模量；B、变形模量；C、弹性模量；D、变形模量和弹性模量。
同济大学2011年设计史真题
同济大学 2011年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题科目名称：工业设计工程时间：180分钟填空与作图（填空每空2分；共130分；作图每题4 分，共5题20分）1．17世纪以意大利为中心的﹍﹍﹍运动给艺术设计的发展提供很大机缘，对于西方宗教和信仰产生冲突。
﹍﹍﹍技术对于知识的传播起到很大促进作用。
2．﹍﹍﹍装饰风格是17世纪欧洲广为流传的设计风格，法国的凡尔赛宫就是其典型的代表作品。
3．18世纪的英国制陶业比较发达，﹍﹍﹍建的制陶工厂手工艺很高，被英格兰女王夏洛特命名为“王后器皿”。
4．中国古代的园林设计非常发达，江南园林首推苏州园林，其中有苏州的﹍﹍﹍，留园、狮子林、网师园、西园、仓浪亭等，北京园林中，被称作万园之园的﹍﹍﹍。
5．中国的禅宗思想对日本寺院结构影响很大，写意庭院的为日本当时最流行，其中﹍﹍﹍被称为日本的园林的代表。
6. 1851年在英国伦敦海德公园举办的第一届世界博览会的建筑称作﹍﹍﹍。
7. 对英国的艺术与手工艺运动最早美学观点先驱﹍﹍﹍，他的代表作品为﹍﹍﹍。
另一为倡导者为﹍﹍﹍，他的著作《威尼斯之石》对社会文化和经济提出的广泛的见解。
8. 艺术与设计运动中，莫里斯的第一个实践作品为新房﹍﹍﹍，请画出它的简图。
9.新艺术运动中，美国的代表人物﹍﹍﹍，他最擅长﹍﹍﹍技术设计10.六人集团中，最有影响力的人物﹍﹍﹍，他设计了巴黎地铁站人口。
11.比利时的新艺术运动中心人物为﹍﹍﹍，他设计的布鲁塞尔都灵路12号住宅内部设计12.德国新艺术运动中最富有代表人物为﹍﹍﹍，他与通用电气公司合作，设计了很多优秀作品，最引人注目的创造该公司的﹍﹍﹍建筑。
13.英国的新艺术为﹍﹍﹍学派，中心人物是﹍﹍﹍，画出他的代表作品。
其中他的实践对于奥地利的﹍﹍﹍团体影响很大。
14.19世纪70年代，美国建筑界出现一个重要设计流派﹍﹍﹍，这个学派提出的著名口号为“形式追随功能”15. 19世纪维也纳家具公司极为成功的，其中代表人物是﹍﹍﹍，他设计的﹍﹍﹍维也纳咖啡馆椅子，至今还为广受欢迎。
2011年同济考研卷构造部分
五．填空（每个0.5分,共20格，共10分）1.折板结构可分为长短两种:当___1____时,称为长折板;当___2____折称为短折板。
折板厚度t不大于____3___，板宽不大于__4____，同时考虑到开窗，顶部水平开孔一般取___5____；现浇整体式拆板结构的波长L2一般不应大于____6__；拆板结构的跨度L1,则可达___7__。
拆板屋盖的倾角α不宜小于___8____；长拆板的矢高f一般不宜小于___9___，短拆板矢高f一般不宜小于____10__。
2.网架的支承有：___11___、____12___、____13___、____14_、____15___五种形式。
3．豪式木屋架的节间长度控制在___16____的范围内为宜，一般为____17___节间，适用跨度为___18____；四节头位置应尽量靠近节点，避免承受较大的____19___；木屋架的高跨比宜在____20___之间。
六．.是非题(每题2分,共10题，共20分)1．网架支座不产生水平推力。
A（是）；B（非）2．悬索是空间结构。
A（是）；B（非）3．梁的受力变形，与其约束条件有关。
A（是）；B（非）4．提高梁的整体刚度最有效的办法是提高梁的高度。
A（是）；B（非）5．蜗牛的壳是壳体结构。
A（是）；B（非）6．基础下面的桩只受垂直力。
A（是）；B（非）7．轴心受压柱是不存在的。
A（是）；B（非）8．房屋的瞬时倒塌是由地震震级大小所决定的。
A（是）；B（非）9．隧道的拱顶是合理拱。
A（是）；B（非）10．桁架的零杆可以取消。
A（是）；B（非）七、作图题（每题10，2题，共20分）1.请画出正交正放桁架式网架及桁架式三向网架的平面示意图。
3.请画出下列单层厂房平面示意图中所指定的位置的定位轴线。
③②①五、将下列建筑平面图作结构布置。
（本题30分）。
[VIP专享]2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试
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体积______.
（12） 曲线 y x2 1 ，直线 x 2 及 x 轴所围成的平面图形绕 x 轴旋转所成的旋转体的
（11） 曲线 tan(x y ) ey 在点 (0, 0) 处的切线方程为______. 4
y
88.8918÷1.2990÷.1=4214÷3922=.0034=1÷15251371=8535.78.208÷023.2173c00÷1*m=29030.3922c=.1÷20m3=2÷120252.=3535=42314c)*523m240341*31.252=31*.1.535.*031342.*9205221.04.455=+213*05*2022.02.854850.3150.*+58c12*5m1*202+.050+0.014*85.20*051000+0+03/8T.+0÷+=55+1*011+010+91÷01454050*0010200+5+0+080+400*+4**1*1510.3910%*C%-*6+÷M(=*M=5÷50)*30*31(÷3110*5+**÷4*1m243.%71e=78%n0)8=8s.5=77.93c.6c0mmc.4*m1*31,0w199o.k2.m4c-cem.5mn2csp26m659*.0.34-50.60c5*pm.3c85m9,c05g.m.05i0rp-l.s.85p6/c50bcm0.om7py.c.6spm5c+mc;0m..7.cmk ; 1+1k+12+1+k2234=1c+m1++4+4+2
(A) k 1, c 4 (B) k 1, c 4 (C) k 3, c 4
2011年同济大学硕士生招生专业目录及初试考试科目
_ 01机械动态设计、分析与试验_ 02工程机械及其关键技术_ 03机械控制与信息处理技术_ 04计算机仿真与虚拟现实技术_ 05智能机械与机器人080220★工业工程①101思想政治理论②201英语一或202俄语或203日语或242德语③301数学一④814工业工程 _ 01物流工程与管理_ 02人因工程及工作研究_ 03制造业管理信息系统和网络化企业集成技术_ 04企业整体运作与优化_ 05生产系统分析与仿真_ 06全面质量管理与控制_ 07工业工程与机电一体化080701工程热物理①101思想政治理论②201英语一或242德语③301数学一④815传热学或816工程热力学 _ 01高效洁净燃烧技术_ 02建筑室内环境控制技术_ 03半导体制冷、发电技术_ 04炉内强化换热技术_ 05工业系统节能技术080702热能工程①101思想政治理论②201英语一或203日语或242德语③301数学一④815传热学或816工程热力学 _ 01燃烧理论与污染控制_ 02能源利用技术_ 03能源系统安全与控制_ 04可再生能源开发与利用技术_ 05燃气燃烧与输配技术080705制冷及低温工程①101思想政治理论②201英语一或242德语③301数学一④815传热学或816工程热力学 _ 01新型空调制冷技术_ 02制冷系统仿真模拟_ 03冷藏链及相关技术_ 04制冷系统节能技术_ 05运输工具制冷空调 w .d o c u -t r a c k .c wo081404供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一或202俄语或203日语或241法语或242德语③301数学一④815传热学或816工程热力学 _ 01空调技术中的热湿交换过程_ 02建筑节能技术_ 03空气洁净技术_ 04室内空气品质控制与污染物控制_ 05燃气供热与制冷_ 06燃气输配与应用技术085201机械工程(专业学位)①101思想政治理论②201英语一或202俄语或203日语③301数学一④812机械设计 _ 01机械设计及理论_ 02机械电子工程_ 03现代制造技术085206动力工程(专业学位)①101思想政治理论②201英语一或202俄语或203日语③301数学一④815传热学或816工程热力学 _ 01暖通空调_ 02热能应用技术085236工业工程(专业学位)①101思想政治理论②201英语一或202俄语或203日语③301数学一④814工业工程 _ 01物流工程与管理_ 02人因工程及工作研究_ 03制造业管理信息系统和网络化企业集成技术_ 04企业整体运作优化与质量控制_ 05生产系统分析与仿真_ 06全面质量管理与控制_ 07工业工程与机电一体化040经济与管理学院020202区域经济学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③303数学三④817经济学 _ 01城市与区域经济规划_ 02经济开发与规划_ 03城市经济与管理020203财政学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③303数学三④817经济学 _ 01财政理论与应用_ 02税收政策与管理_ 03财政理政策与资本市场_ 04财政政策与宏观经济 w .d o c u -t r a c k .c wo020204金融学①101思想政治理论②201英语一或203日语③303数学三④817经济学 _ 01资本市场理论及投资管理_ 02商业银行管理_ 03金融工程的理论、方法及应用_ 04风险管理与保险学020205产业经济学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③303数学三④817经济学 _ 01城市化与产业经济_ 02产业经济与区域开发_ 03产业经济与制度经济学020206国际贸易学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③303数学三④817经济学 _ 01国际贸易理论与政策_ 02国际融资与跨国投资_ 03国际商务方式与组织_ 04服务业国际服务贸易025100金融硕士(专业学位)①101思想政治理论②201英语一③303数学三④431金融学综合 _ 01投资分析与管理_ 02商业银行管理_ 03金融工程方法及应用_ 04风险管理与保险085236工业工程(专业学位)①101思想政治理论②202俄语或203日语或204英语二③302数学二④818管理学概论 _ 01无085240物流工程(专业学位)①101思想政治理论②202俄语或203日语或204英语二③302数学二④818管理学概论 _ 01无120100管理科学与工程①101思想政治理论②201英语一或241法语或242德语③301数学一④818管理学概论 _ 01管理科学_ 02管理理论与工业工程_ 03现代物流与供应链管理_ 04信息管理与信息系统_ 05建设工程管理120201会计学①101思想政治理论②201英语一或241法语③303数学三④818管理学概论_ 01会计理论与方法 w .d o c u -t r a c k .c wo_ 02国际会计_ 03审计理论与方法_ 04会计信息化120202企业管理001组①101思想政治理论②201英语一或241法语③303数学三④818管理学概论 120202企业管理002组①101思想政治理论②201英语一或241法语③301数学一④814工业工程 _ 01战略管理_ 02市场营销_ 03组织与人力资源管理_ 04财务管理120204技术经济及管理001组 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一或203日语或241法语或242德语③303数学三④817经济学或818管理学概论120204技术经济及管理002组①101思想政治理论②201英语一或203日语或241法语或242德语③301数学一④812机械设计或814工业工程或825自动控制原理或838交通工程学 _ 01工程经济与项目评价_ 02风险投资与创业管理_ 03投资与决策分析_ 04技术创新与管理120401行政管理①101思想政治理论②201英语一或203日语或242德语③303数学三④818管理学概论 _ 01公共管理理论与方法_ 02公共政策分析与评价_ 03公共经济与管理_ 04城市发展与管理120403教育经济与管理①101思想政治理论②201英语一或203日语或242德语③303数学三④818管理学概论 _ 01教育政策分析与评价_ 02教育信息管理_ 03教育质量管理120404社会保障①101思想政治理论②201英语一③303数学三④818管理学概论 _ 01社会保障理论与方法_ 02社会保障基金与管理_ 03社会福利与社会救助120405土地资源管理 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一或242德语③303数学三④w .d o c u -t r a c k .c w o818管理学概论_ 01土地市场与开发经营_ 02土地经济与利用规划_ 03房地产投资与决策_ 04房地产政策分析与评价120502情报学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③301数学一④817经济学或818管理学概论或824通信原理_ 01情报理论与方法_ 02竞争情报125100工商管理硕士(专业学位)①-无②203日语或204英语二或242德语③399管理类联考综合能力④--无 _ 01无125200公共管理硕士(专业学位)①-无②203日语或204英语二或242德语③399管理类联考综合能力④--无 _ 01无125300会计硕士(专业学位)①101思想政治理论②201英语一③399管理类联考综合能力④443会计学 _ 01会计理论_ 02国际会计_ 03财务管理_ 04审计125600工程管理硕士(专业学位)①-无②204英语二③399管理类联考综合能力④--无 _ 01无050环境科学与工程学院081403市政工程①101思想政治理论②201英语一或203日语或241法语或242德语③301数学一④819普通化学 _ 01水处理理论与技术_ 02污水和废水处理理论与技术_ 03水资源与给水排水工程设计运行的最优化083001环境科学①101思想政治理论②201英语一或203日语或241法语或242德语③302数学二④820环境科学与工程基础 _ 01环境化学与过程污染控制_ 02现代环境分析理论与技术_ 03环境生物学与生态修复_ 04环境友好功能材料_ 05生态毒理与环境健康 w .d o c u -t r a c k .c wo_ 06环境系统管理与可持续发展083002环境工程 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一或203日语或241法语或242德语③302数学二④820环境科学与工程基础 _ 01城市面源污染控制与雨水综合管理_ 02区域及流域水环境治理_ 03水污染控制与资源化利用技术_ 04生活垃圾处理与资源化技术_ 05工业及危险废弃物处置与利用_ 06大气污染控制技术_ 07环境与能源纳米材料_ 08环境生态工程085229环境工程(专业学位)①101思想政治理论②204英语二③302数学二④819普通化学或820环境科学与工程基础 _ 01水处理理论与技术等_ 02环境化学与过程污染控制等_ 03水污染控制与资源化利用技术等060材料科学与工程学院080502材料学①101思想政治理论②201英语一或202俄语或203日语或242德语③302数学二④808材料力学与结构力学或821材料研究方法或833普通物理或836化工原理 _ 01先进土木工程材料_ 02生态环境材料_ 03无机非金属材料_ 04高分子材料_ 05金属材料_ 06复合材料080503材料加工工程①101思想政治理论②201英语一或242德语③302数学二④808材料力学与结构力学或821材料研究方法或833普通物理或836化工原理 _ 01高分子材料工程_ 02金属材料工程_ 03无机材料工艺过程仿真研究与装备_ 04建筑材料工程_ 05复合材料工程 w .d o c u -t r a c k .cwo_ 03新能源变换与系统集成技术_ 04电气系统的智能控制与应用技术080902电路与系统 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一或203日语或242德语③301数学一④408计算机学科专业基础综合或823模拟和数字集成电路设计或824通信原理或825自动控制原理 _ 01大规模集成电路设计与EDA 技术_ 02SOC 方法和技术080903微电子学与固体电子学 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一或203日语或242德语③301数学一④408计算机学科专业基础综合或823模拟和数字集成电路设计或824通信原理或825自动控制原理_ 01高性能集成电路设计与微处理器研究_ 02光电子信息器件和材料081001通信与信息系统①101思想政治理论②201英语一③301数学一④408计算机学科专业基础综合或824通信原理或825自动控制原理 _ 01通信理论与技术_ 02光纤通信与宽带网络_ 03宽带移动通信_ 04计算机通信网081002信号与信息处理①101思想政治理论②201英语一③301数学一④408计算机学科专业基础综合或824通信原理或825自动控制原理 _ 01多媒体通信与信息处理_ 02数字信号处理及应用_ 03通信信号处理_ 04多媒体信号处理081101控制理论与控制工程①101思想政治理论②201英语一或242德语③301数学一④408计算机学科专业基础综合或822电路分析或823模拟和数字集成电路设计或824通信原理或825自动控制原理 _ 01智能自动化理论与工程_ 02机器人与智能系统_ 03过程控制与计算机控制081102检测技术与自动化装置①101思想政治理论②201英语一或242德语③301数学一④408计算机学科专业基础综合或822电路分析或823模拟和数字集成电路设计或824通信原理或825自动控制原理 _ 01微机测控装置与系统_ 02测控系统与诊断技术_ 03检测技术与智能化仪表081103系统工程 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一或242德语③301数学一④w .d o c u -t r a c k .cwo408计算机学科专业基础综合或812机械设计或818管理学概论或822电路分析或825自动控制原理_ 01智能生产系统_ 02工业与制造系统081104模式识别与智能系统①101思想政治理论②201英语一③301数学一④408计算机学科专业基础综合_ 01图像、语言及文本处理_ 02网络智能_ 03神经网络与模式识别_ 04分布式人工智能_ 05计算机智能技术081201计算机系统结构①101思想政治理论②201英语一③301数学一④408计算机学科专业基础综合 _ 01计算机网络_ 02分布式系统_ 03嵌入式系统_ 04可信计算机系统_ 05可重构系统081202计算机软件与理论①101思想政治理论②201英语一③301数学一④408计算机学科专业基础综合 _ 01网络软件设计与验证_ 02面向服务的软件开发技术_ 03并行分布计算理论及软件_ 04系统软件支撑技术_ 05计算智能081203计算机应用技术①101思想政治理论②201英语一③301数学一④408计算机学科专业基础综合 _ 01数据库与数据挖掘_ 02生物信息学_ 03计算机辅助设计_ 04信息安全_ 05电子商务与电子政务_ 06企业信息化_ 07计算机图形学_ 08Web 搜索与网络数据管理_ 09地理信息系统082803农业生物环境与能源工程 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一③302数学二④813机械原理w .d o c u -t r a c k .c wo化学或820环境科学与工程基础或825自动控制原理或839基础生命科学或840生物信息学_ 01环境友好型设施农业生产技术_ 02生物质能源方向_ 03农业环境方向_ 04农村规划与景观园艺方向090外国语学院050201英语语言文学①101思想政治理论②202俄语或203日语或241法语或242德语③626综合英语④827英语语言学知识或828英美文学研究_ 01英美文学_ 02翻译学_ 03跨文化交际050204德语语言文学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③627现代德语④829德汉互译 _ 01德语文学与文化学_ 02德语语言学与媒体学_ 03翻译学_ 04中德跨文化交际050205日语语言文学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③628综合日语④830日语语言文学 _ 01日语语言_ 02日本文化_ 03日本文学050211外国语言学及应用语言学_ 01理论语言学（形式语言学和功能语言学、英） ①101思想政治理论②202俄语或203日语或241法语或242德语③626综合英语④827英语语言学知识_ 02应用语言学（语言教学理论与实践、英语） ①101思想政治理论②202俄语或203日语或241法语或242德语③626综合英语④827英语语言学知识_ 03计算语言学(英语) ①101思想政治理论②202俄语或203日语或241法语或242德语③626综合英语④827英语语言学知识 _ 04理论语言学（形式语言学和功能语言学、德） ①101思想政治理论②201英语一或202俄语或203日语或241法语③627现代德语④829德汉互译_ 05应用语言学（语言教学理论与实践、德语） ①101思想政治理论②201英语一或202俄语或203日语或241法语③627现代德语④829德汉互译_ 06计算语言学(德语)①101思想政治理论②201英语一或202俄语或203日语或241法语③627现代德语④829德汉互译 055201英语笔译(专业学位) ①101思想政治理论②211翻译硕士英语③357英语翻译基础④w .d o c u -t r a c k .c wo448汉语写作与百科知识_ 01英汉互译笔译实践 055209德语笔译(专业学位)①101思想政治理论②215翻译硕士德语③361德语翻译基础④448汉语写作与百科知识 _ 01德汉笔译101航空航天与力学学院080100力学①101思想政治理论②201英语一或242德语③301数学一④808材料力学与结构力学或811工程地质学或812机械设计或822电路分析或825自动控制原理或831理论与材料力学或832数学分析或837材料力学（交通） _ 01振动力学与振动工程_ 02动力学与控制_ 03车辆动力学_ 04流固耦合振动_ 05网络计算模型及其动态特征_ 06智能材料的力学行为_ 07计算力学与软件设计_ 08实验力学与信息处理_ 09复杂环境下的结构分析_ 10生物力学及应用_ 11纳米材料及结构的力学_ 12流体力学数值计算_ 13水动力学与模型设计_ 14土木工程中的耦合力学与施工力学_ 15重大工程结构的风振力学与振动控制_ 16特种结构工程力学_ 17复合材料纳米结构的力学行为_ 18结构工程与岩土工程分析的计算机方法_ 19计算机辅助工程分析080120★航空航天材料与结构设计①101思想政治理论②201英语一或242德语③301数学一④808材料力学与结构力学或811工程地质学或812机械设计或822电路分析或825自动控制原理或831理论与材料力学或832数学分析或837材料力学（交通） _ 01飞行器一体化设计与数字化设计_ 02飞行器结构设计w .d o c u -t r a c k .c wo_ 03飞行器可靠性工程与系统工程_ 04飞行器动力学与控制_ 05飞行器材料与结构102数学系070101基础数学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③609高等代数④832数学分析 _ 01多复变函数_ 02整体微分几何_ 03代数数论与模形式_ 04代数群、李群及其表示理论_ 05算子代数及其应用_ 06密码学070102计算数学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③609高等代数④832数学分析 _ 01计算金融_ 02微分方程数值解_ 03数值逼近_ 04数值代数070103概率论与数理统计①101思想政治理论②201英语一③609高等代数④832数学分析 _ 01应用统计_ 02极限理论及其统计分析_ 03多元统计分析070104应用数学 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一③609高等代数④832数学分析 _ 01组合数学与图论微分方程及其应用 _ 02金融数学_ 03偏微分方程及其应用_ 04泛函微分方程理论及应用070105运筹学与控制论①101思想政治理论②201英语一③609高等代数④832数学分析 _ 01线性及非线性优化_ 02非线性最优控制理论与应用_ 03复杂系统理论与应用_ 04脉冲控制理论与应用_ 05最优化方法 w .d o c u -t r a c k .cwo103物理系070201理论物理①101思想政治理论②201英语一③608高等数学④833普通物理 _ 01量子多体理论_ 02计算纳米物理学_ 03复杂结构的力学、电磁学性质 _ 04量子光学与量子信息学_ 05自旋电子学和微磁学_ 06软凝聚态物理070205凝聚态物理①101思想政治理论②201英语一③608高等数学④833普通物理 _ 01凝聚态物理与材料设计_ 02人工电磁材料_ 03凝聚态物质与光的相互作用 _ 04纳米科学_ 05电介质微结构_ 06光信息材料与器件070207光学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③608高等数学④833普通物理 _ 01信息光学_ 02极紫外与软X 射线光学_ 03薄膜光学_ 04中子光学_ 05成像光学077001教育技术学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③302数学二或608高等数学④408计算机学科专业基础综合或833普通物理或834教育技术学 _ 01多媒体技术与应用_ 02网络技术及应用_ 03视频数字化技术080300光学工程①101思想政治理论②201英语一③301数学一④833普通物理_ 01光计量技术_ 02极紫外与软X 射线光学及技术 _ 03非球面光学_ 04薄膜光学及技术_ 05仪器光学080501材料物理与化学 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一③302数学二④808材料力学w .d o c u -t r a c k .c w o与结构力学或821材料研究方法或833普通物理或836化工原理_ 01纳米材料与技术_ 02信息光学材料与器件_ 03新型功能材料与器件_ 04新型热电材料_ 05新型玻璃与陶瓷材料080522★信息功能材料与器件①101思想政治理论②201英语一③302数学二④819普通化学或821材料研究方法或833普通物理_ 01微波介质材料与器件_ 02铁电压电陶瓷与器件_ 03热电材料与器件_ 04压电磁电多重铁性材料_ 05纳米与储能材料_ 06介电、铁电薄膜与器件085202光学工程(专业学位)①101思想政治理论②204英语二③302数学二④833普通物理_ 01极紫外与软X 射线光学_ 02薄膜光学_ 03成像光学104化学系070301无机化学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③611综合化学④835化学实验基础 _ 01纳米化学_ 02材料无机化学_ 03配位与超分子化学_ 04生物无机化学_ 05稀土化学070302分析化学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③611综合化学④835化学实验基础 _ 01化学计量学_ 02分离与过程分析_ 03电分析化学070303有机化学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③611综合化学④835化学实验基础 _ 01有机合成化学_ 02物理有机化学_ 03生物有机化学 w .d o c u -t r a c k .c wo070304物理化学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③611综合化学④835化学实验基础_ 01纳米电化学、环境生物电化学 _ 02多孔炭结构与表面化学、吸附与催化_ 03胶体与界面化学、纳米材料物理与化学_ 04分子光谱与反应动力学081704应用化学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③302数学二④836化工原理_ 01传质与分离工程_ 02催化与与反应工程_ 03环境化学与工程085216化学工程(专业学位)①101思想政治理论②204英语二③302数学二④836化工原理_ 01化学工程_ 02应用化学106声学所070206声学①101思想政治理论②201英语一或242德语③608高等数学④833普通物理 _ 01检测超声与医学超声_ 02激光超声和光声学_ 03环境声学与噪声学_ 04建筑声学与电声学110医学院100101人体解剖与组织胚胎学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③306西医综合④--无 _ 01细胞分子生物学（张军）_ 02肿瘤的免疫和基因治疗（赵培林） _ 03干细胞在神经退行性疾病治疗中的研究（袁琼_ 04天然产物活性成份的作用机制研究、炎症与癌_ 05干细胞的研究：分化和重编程与表观遗传学机_ 06表观遗传和干细胞（孙毅）_ 07基于人的诱导性全能干细胞的神经退行性疾病100102免疫学 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一③306西医综合④--无w .d o c u -t r a c k .c wo_ 03新生儿疾病的基础与临床研究（魏东）_ 04儿童先天性心脏病基因研究（刘兴元）100203老年医学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③306西医综合④--无 _ 01老年高血压病基础与临床研究（张华）_ 02老年心力衰竭基础与临床研究（张华）100204神经病学 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一或203日语或242德语③306西医综合④--无_ 01脑血管病及相关认知障碍临床与基础研究（徐_ 02缺血性脑血管病和帕金森氏病基础及临床研究_ 03脑血管疾病的基础及临床研究（聂志余）_ 04痴呆及认知功能障碍的分子生物学研究及治疗_ 05神经系统变性疾病及肌张力障碍性疾病－肉毒_ 06脑血管病神经损伤修复再生（王晓梅）100205精神病与精神卫生学 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一或242德语③306西医综合④--无_ 01心身医学与心理治疗；跨文化精神医学的研究_ 02难治性精神疾病的诊治和早期干预（陆峥）100206皮肤病与性病学①101思想政治理论②201英语一③306西医综合④--无_ 01性病研究（叶元康）100207影像医学与核医学 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一③306西医综合④--无_ 01磁共振功能影像学、分子影像学临床和基础研_ 02腹部、胸心、神经、骨关节的影像学研究（王_ 03介入治疗的临床应用及相关基础研究（王培军_ 04核医学基础和临床研究（吕中w .d o c u -t r a c k .c w o_ 05超声诊断新技术在心血管病诊断中的应用、心100208临床检验诊断学 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一③306西医综合④--无_ 01恶性肿瘤发病机制、早期诊断及其检测方法学_ 022型糖尿病发病机制的分子生物学研究（于永?/TD>_ 03血液免疫的分子生物学研究（万海英）_ 04免疫性疾病的发病机制、实验诊断及防治的应_ 05肿瘤的分子生物学（孙奋勇）_ 06肿瘤相关基因表达调控（潘秋辉）100209护理学 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一③308护理综合④--无_ 01临床护理研究（施雁、刘薇群、彭幼清、万宏_ 02护理教育及管理（施雁、彭幼清、万宏伟）_ 03护理心理学（刘薇群）100210外科学 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一③306西医综合④--无_ 01普外科(葛海燕、赵中辛、王永光、校宏兵、?/TD>_ 02胸外科(刘中民、姜格宁、高文、王良旭、范?/TD>_ 03骨科(俞光荣、王予彬、谭军、程黎明、李少?/TD>_ 04泌尿外科(王跃闽、郑军华、章劲夫、彭波、?/TD>_ 05神经外科(海舰、陈左权、楼美清、王飞、丁?/TD>_ 06外科病理学（陈岗）_ 07麻醉学_ 08耳鼻咽喉科（马兆鑫）100211妇产科学 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一③306西医综合④--无_ 01盆底外科及妇科泌尿学（童晓文、李怀芳）_ 02妇科肿瘤、妇科微创（童晓文、_ 03妇女保健（朱丽萍、何丽萍）_ 04围产医学（段涛、应豪、李婷）_ 05生殖内分泌（杨健之、李昆明）_ 06妇科肿瘤基础研究（周倩、汪希鹏、李芳）100212眼科学 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一③306西医综合④--无 _ 01视网膜玻璃体病 （荣翱）_ 02角膜移植和眼表疾病（盛敏杰）_ 03眼表疾病基础研究（崔红平）_ 04角膜病、眼表疾病、眼前段疾病的基础和临床_ 05视网膜脱离基础临床研究(王方)_ 06老年性与代谢性眼病（徐国彤）_ 07眼整形及眼眶病（叶信海）_ 08眼视光与玻璃体视网膜病（于靖）100213耳鼻咽喉科学 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一③306西医综合④--无_ 01喉肿瘤基础与临床、过敏性鼻炎基础与临床（100214肿瘤学 ①101思想政治理论②201英语一③306西医综合④--无_ 01消化道恶性肿瘤的外科综合治疗及其相关基础_ 02内分泌（乳腺、甲状腺）肿瘤的外科综合治疗_ 03消化道癌复发转移防治及相关基础（血管生成_ 04消化系恶性肿瘤的发病机制及治疗(高勇)。
2011年同济大学环境工程研究生入学考试专业课真题
同济大学环境科学与工程基础2011 年真题回忆版A 组（普通化学）一、填空（22 分每空一分）1、氨基酸通式2、SiC 是（）无机材料、水泥是具有水硬性的（）材料、微观粒子具有（）性3、H2o+CO=CO2+H2 焓变问了三个关于体积温度变化相应的平衡移动问题，很基础。
4、溶液依数性中沸点（）5、塑料的三个状态（）、（）、（）其他的都是前七章中很基础的东西，课本看了几遍基本上就差不多。
二、简答（5 小题27 分）1、分散系的分类及依据2、熵的概念3、反渗透的原理三、计算题（3小题分数不详）1、A→B 反应半衰期为300S，反应半衰期与A 浓度无关。
A 浓度为1 的时候，问200S 时转化率为多少？（显然课本上没说半衰期的概念，无机化学学过，用反应级数的概念，不过在同济出版的那本指导书上有差不多的题目）2、Ag2CrO7 的标准电势是多少？告诉了Ksp 和Ag+的标准电势。
问当CrO72+浓度为0.1 的时候电势为多少？3、铵离子和某金属离子的配位反应。
没有出讲座的题（曾出现比较纯净水、矿泉水的简答题），没有出超分子的题，也没有出现超纲的题（曾出现过测量水硬度的实验内容）。
总体上普通化学的题难度一般，主要复习方向是知识点掌握要全面。
今年没有出选择题，所以元素周期、杂化的推理性的内容考得极少，与之前有所不同。
重点在前七章，每个知识点最好都做原理性的记忆性的认识（我个人栽在这上面了）。
前七章以外的章节过几遍就好，因为考的较基础，所以建议将类似大标题小标题的东西记忆下，基本概念要弄懂（如绿色化学）。
计算不要求高难度，所以不建议投入太多精力，每种题型都做熟悉就可以。
个人建议将同济普通化学配套的学习指导做熟（里面错误不少，自己分析），课本多看几遍，做真题，其他的不要做太多，会浪费太多时间。
我自己在复习的时候在元素周期、杂化等推理性的内容时没有做好规划（虽然这部分考得很少，但是谁也说不准），遇到题目是反复遇到同类型问题，建议复习时将此类规律性问题一次性解决，做好归纳，参考有机、无机教材，不懂的问老师最有效率。
2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试(含答案)
2011年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试卷Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D an ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)"The Internet affords anonymity to its users — a boon to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber crime that has 1 across the Web.Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing a semblance of safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ?Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nation’s cyber czar, offered the Osa ma government a 4 to make the Web a safer place —a ―voluntary identify‖ system that would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key, fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specific computer, and would authenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identify systems. Users could 9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license 10 by the government.Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have sign-on‖ systems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services.12 , the approach would create a ―walled garden‖ in safe ―neighborhoods‖ and bright ―streetlights‖ to establish a sense of a 13 community.Mr. Schmidt described it as a ―voluntary ecosystem‖ in which indivi duals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 ,trusting the identities of the infrastructure that the transaction runs 15 .'"Still, the administration’s plan has 16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such an initiative push toward what would 17 be a license‖ mentality.The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some experts, who worry that the ―voluntaryand identify themselves, in drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.1.A.swept B. skipped C. walked D. ridden2.A.for B. within C. while D. though3.A.careless B. lawless C. pointless D. helpless4.A.reason B. reminder C. compromise D. proposalrmation B. interference C. entertainment D. equivalent6.A.by B. into C. from D. over7.A.linked B. directed C. chained D. compared8.A.dismiss B. discover C. create D. improve9.A.recall B. suggest C. select D. realize10.A.released B. issued C. distributed D. delivered11.A.carry on B. linger on C. set in D. log in12.A.In vain B. In effect C. In return D. In contrast13.A.trusted B. modernized C. thriving D. competing14.A.caution B. delight C. confidence D. patience15.A.on B. after C. beyond D. across16.A.divided B. disappointed C. protected D. united17.A.frequently B. incidentally C. occasionally D. eventually18.A.skepticism B. tolerance C. indifference D. enthusiasm19.A.manageable B. defendable C. vulnerable D. invisible20.A.invited B. appointed C. allowed D. forcedSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Ruth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs's board as an outside director in January 2000; a year later she became president of Brown University in Rhode Island. For the rest of the decade she apparently juggled both roles (as well as several other directorships) without attracting much criticism. But by the end of 2009 Ms Simmons was under fire from students and alumni for having sat on Goldman's compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? By February Ms Simmons had left the board. The position was just taking up too much time, she said.Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, advisers on a firm's board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably have enough independence to disagree with the chief executive's proposals. Leaders from other fields are frequently in demand: former presidents or Cabinet members, retired CEOs, and yes, university presidents. If the sky, and the share price, is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.The researchers used a database that covered more than 10,000 firms and more than 64,000 different directors between 1989 and 2004. Then they simply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. The most likely reason for departing a board was age, so the researchers concentrated on those "surprise" disappearances by directors under the age of 70. They found that after a surprise departure, the probability that the company will subsequently have to restate earnings increases by nearly 20%. The likelihood of being named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases, and the stock is likely to perform worse. The effect tended to be larger for larger firms, although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship. Often they "trade up", leaving riskier, smaller firms for larger and more stable firms.But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives, such as increasing pay, says Dr Fahlenbrach.Otherwise outside directors will follow the example of Ms Simmons, once again very popular on campus.21. According to Paragraph 1,Ms Simmons was criticized for .A. gaining excessive profits B .failing to fulfill her dutyC .refusing to make compromises D. leaving the board in tough times22. We learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be .A. generous investors B .unbiased executivesC .share price forecastersD .independent advisers23. According to the researchers from Ohio University，after an outside director’s Surprisedeparture ,the fire is likely to .A. become more stableB. report increased earningsC .do less well in the stock market D. perform worse in lawsuits24. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that outside directors .A. may stay for the attractive offers form the firm.B. have often had records of wrongdoings in the firm.C. are accustomed to stress-free work in the firm.D. will decline incentives from the firm.25 The author’s attitude toward the role of outside directors is.A permissiveB positiveC scornfulD criticalText 2Whatever happened to the death of newspapers? A year ago the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom. America’s Federal Trade Commission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations? Should the state subsidize them? It will hold another meeting on June 15th. But the discussions now seem out of date.In much of the world there is little sign of crisis. GermA.n and Brazilian papers shrugged off the recession (see article). Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most troubled corner of the global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few years ago, but profit all the same.It has not been much fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13,500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved the right ones and, sadly for many journalists, they can be pushed further.Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2008, according to the OECD. In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly, Japanese newspapers are much more stable.The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspapers are least distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely pruned. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business. Just look at the fate of Otis Chandler’s creation.26.By saying ―Newspapers like ….their own doom‖(lines 3-4,para,1) the author indicates that newspapers .A .neglected the sign of crisisB .failed to get state subsidiesC .were not charitable corporationsD .were in a desperate situation27.Some newspapers refused delivery to distant suburbs probably because .A .readers threatened to pay lessB .newspapers wanted to reduce costsC .journalists reported little about these areasD .subscribers complained about slimmer products.pared with their American counterparts, Japanese newspaper are much more stable because they .A .have more sources of revenueB .have more balanced newsroomsC .are less dependant on advertisingD .are less affected by readership29.What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the current newspaper business?A .Distinctiveness is an essential feature of newspapers.B .Completeness is to blame for the failure of newspapers.C .Foreign bureaus play a crucial role in the newspapers business.D .Readers have lost their interest in car and firm30.The most appropriate title for this text would beA .American Newspapers: Struggling for SurvivalB .American Newspapers: Gone with the WindC .American Newspapers: A Thriving BusinessD .American Newspapers: A Hopeless StoryText 3We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G.I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.But when it came to their houses, it was a time of common sense and a belief that less truly be more. During the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint,in combination with the postwar confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish.Economic condition was only a stimulus for the trend toward efficient living. The phrase ―less is more‖ was actually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to the United States before World War II and took up posts at American architecture schools. These designers came to exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture, but none more so than Mies.Mies’s signature phrase means that less decoration, properly organized, has more impact than a lot. Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance. Like other modern architects, he employed metal, glass and laminated wood — materials that we take for granted today but that in the 1940s symbolized the future. Mies’s sophisticated presentation ma sked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient, rather than big and often empty.The apartments in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive, for example, were smaller-two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet —than those in their older neighbors along the city’s Gold Coast. But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings’ details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.The trend toward ―less‖ was not entirely foreign. In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright started building more modest and efficient houses —usually around 1,200 square feet —than the spreading two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century.The ―Case Study Houses‖ commissioned from talented modern architects by California Arts & Architecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown influence on the ―less is more‖ trend. Aesthetic effect came from the land scape, new materials and forthright detailing. In his Case Study House, Ralph Rapson may have mispredicted just how the mechanical revolution would impact everyday life — few American families acquired helicopters, though mosteventually got clothes dryers — but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shared.31. The postwar American housing style largely reflected the Americans .A. prosperity an growthB. efficiency and practicalityC. restraint and confidenceD. pride and faithfulness32. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3 about the Bauhaus?A. It was founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.B. Its designing concept was affected by World War II.C. Most American architects used to be associated with it.D. It had a great influence upon American architecture.33.Mies held that elegance of architectural design .A. was related to large spaceB. was identified with emptinessC. was not reliant on abundant decorationD. was not associated with efficiency34.What is true about the apartments Mies built on Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive?A. They ignored details and proportions.B. They were built with materials popular at that time.C. They were more spacious than neighboring buildings.D. They shared some characteristics of abstract art.35.What can we learn about the design of the ―Case Study Houses‖?A. Mechanical devices were widely used.B. Natural scenes were taken into consideration.C. Details were sacrificed for the overall effect.D. Eco-friendly materials were employed.Text 4Will the European Union make it? The question would have sounded outlandish not long ago. Now even the project’s greatest cheerleaders talk of a continent facing a ―Bermuda triangle‖ of debt, demographic decline and lower growth.As well as those chronic problems, the EU faces an acute crisis in its economic core, the 16 countries that use the single currency. Markets have lost faith that the euro zone’s economies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive stragglers the quick fix of devaluation.Yet the debate about how to save Europe’s single currency from disintegration is stuck. It is stuck because the euro zone’s dominant powers, France and Germany, agree on the need for greater harmonisation within the euro zone, but disagree about what to harmonise.Germany thinks the euro must be saved by stricter rules on borrowing, spending and competitiveness, backed by quasi-automatic sanctions for governments that stray. These might include threats to freeze EU funds for poorer regions and EU mega-projects, and even the suspension of a count ry’s voting rights in EU ministerial councils. It insists that economic co-ordination should involve all 27 members of the EU club, among whom there is a small majority for free-market liberalism and economic rigour; in the inner core alone, Germany fears, a small majority favour French dirigisme.A ―southern‖ camp headed by France wants something different: ―European economic government‖ within an inner core of euro-zone members. Translated, that means politicians meddling in monetary policy and a system of redistribution from richer to poorer members, via cheaper borrowing for governments through common Eurobonds or outright fiscal transfers. Finally, figures close to the French government have murmured, euro-zone members should agree to some fiscal and social harmonisation: eg, curbing competition in corporate-tax rates or labour costs.It is too soon to write off the EU. It remains the world’s largest trading block. At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more porous to goods, capital and labour than any comparable trading area. It is an ambitious attempt to blunt the sharpest edges of globalisation, and make capitalism benign.36.The EU is faced with to many problems thatA .it has more or less lost faith in marketsB .even its supporters begin to feel concernedC .some of its member countries plan to abandon euroD .it intends to deny the possibility of devaluation37 The debate over the EU’s single currency is stuck because the dominant powersA .are competing for the leading positionB .are busy handling their own crisesC. fail to reach an agreement on harmonisationD .disagree on the steps towards disintegration38 To solve the euro problem ,Germany proposed thatA .EU funds for poor regions be increasedB .stricter regulations be imposedC .only core members be involved in economic co-ordinationD .voting rights of the EU members be guaranteed39 The French proposal of handling the crisis implies thatA. poor countries are more likely to get fundsB .strict monetary policy will be applied to poor countriesC .loans will be readily available to rich countriesD .rich countries will basically control EurobondsA .pessimisticB .desperate C. conceited D. hopefulPart BDirections：You are going to read a list of headings and a text about what parents are supposed to do to guide their children into adulthood. Choose a heading from the list A — G that best fits the meaning of each numbered part of the text （41 — 45）. There are two extra headings that you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. （10 points）Leading doctors today weigh in on the debate over the government's role in promoting public health by demanding that ministers impose "fat taxes" on unhealthy food and introduce cigarette-style warnings to children about the dangers of a poor diet.The demands follow comments last week by the health secretary, Andrew Lansley, who insisted the government could not force people to make healthy choices and promised to free businesses from public health regulations.But senior medical figures want to stop fast-food outlets opening near schools, restrict advertising of products high in fat, salt or sugar, and limit sponsorship of sports events by fast-food producers such as McDonald's.They argue that government action is necessary to curb Britain's addiction to unhealthy food and help halt spiraling rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. Professor Terence Stephenson, president of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, said that the consumption of unhealthy food should be seen to be just as damaging as smoking or binge drinking."Thirty years ago, it would have been inconceivable to have imagined a ban on smoking in the workplace or in pubs, and yet that is what we have now. Are we willing to be just as courageous in respect of obesity? I would suggest that we should be," said the leader of the UK's children's doctors.Lansley has alarmed health campaigners by suggesting he wants industry rather than government to take the lead. He said that manufacturers of crisps and confectionery could play a central role in the Change4Life campaign, the centrepiece of government efforts to boost healthy eating and fitness. He has also criticised the celebrity chef Jamie Oliver's high-profile attempt toimprove school lunches in England as an example of how "lecturing" people was not the best way to change their behaviour.Stephenson suggested potential restrictions could include banning TV advertisements for foods high in fat, salt or sugar before the 9pm watershed and limiting them on billboards or in cinemas. "If we were really bold, we might even begin to think of high-calorie fast food in the same way as cigarettes – by setting stringent limits on advertising, product placement and sponsorship of sports events," he said.Such a move could affect firms such as McDonald's, which sponsors the youth coaching scheme run by the Football Association. Fast-food chains should also stop offering "inducements" such as toys, cute animals and mobile phone credit to lure young customers, Stephenson said.Professor Dinesh Bhugra, president of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, said: "If children are taught about the impact that food has on their growth, and that some things can harm, at least information is available up front."He also urged councils to impose "fast-food-free zones" around schools and hospitals – areas within which takeaways cannot open.A Department of Health spokesperson said: "We need to create a new vision for public health where all of society works together to get healthy and live longer. This includes creating a new 'responsibility deal' with business, built on social responsibility, not state regulation. Later this year, we will publish a white paper setting out exactly how we will achieve this."The food industry will be alarmed that such senior doctors back such radical moves, especially the call to use some of the tough tactics that have been deployed against smoking over the last decade.Section III TranslationDirections: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate it into Chinese and write your version on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)We would have thought that globally, the IT industry produces about the same volume of greenhouse gases as the world’s airlines do- roughly 2 percent of all CO2 emissions?Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment Google search an leak between 0.2 and 0.7 grams of C2O,depending on how many attempts are needed to get the "right‖ answer. To deliver results to its needs quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centers around the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of C2O,these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centre need to be well air-confirmed gases even more energy.However, Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency quickly and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the need to production, but there is much more to be done, and not just by big companies.Section IV WritingPart A47.Directions:Suppose your cousin Li Ming has just been admitted to a university. Write him/her a letter to:(1)congratulate him/her, and(2)give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Zhang Wei" instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B48.Directions:Write a short essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should:1)interpret the chart and2)give your comments.You should write at least 150 wordsWrite your essay on ANSWER SHEET 2.(15points)2008、2009年国内轿车市场部分品牌份额示意图参考答案选择题：1-5ACBDD 6-10BACCA 11-15DBACA 16-20CDACD21-25BBDAA 26-30DBCBB 31-35BDCDB 36-40DCBAC 41-45EDCFG46翻译有谁会想到，在全球范围内，IT行业产生的温室气体跟全球航空公司产生的一样多？占二氧化碳总排量的2%.很多日常工作对环境造成了让人震惊的破坏作用。
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同济大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试试卷试卷代码：419 试卷名称：环境科学与工程基础命题单位：050 A组：普通化学一、填空（每空1分，共22分）1、已知化学反应CO(g)+H2O(g)=CO2(g)+H2的ΔrHm=42.7KJ∕mol,当反应达平衡时，（1）加入催化剂，平衡（1-1）移动（正、逆、不）；（2）若体积不变，减少CO(g)的物质的量，平衡（1-2）移动（正、逆、不）；（3）若体积缩小，平衡（1-3）移动（正、逆、不）；（4）若升高反应温度，KpΘ(1-4)(增加、减少)，平衡（1-5）移动（正、逆、不）。
2、在水中加入某种难挥发的非电解质配成溶剂后，该溶液的沸点会（1-6）。
（升高、下降）3、胶体粒子在外电场作用下发生定向移动的现象称为（1-7）4、微观粒子具有的特征是（1-8）5、BCl3分子的几何构型是（1-9）6、BN、SiC及Si3N4S是（1-10）高强无机材料。
Si和Ge是常用的（1-11）元素。
ZnO、Cr2O3、Al2O3是（1-12）氧化物。
水泥是一种粉状矿物质的（1-13）材料，与水拌合后能在空气和水中组建凝结硬化。
7、醇是分子中有（1-14）基团的，而有机酸分子中则含有（1-15）的基团。
8、高分子化合物的力学状态主要包括（1-16）、（1-17）和（1-18）。
9、氨基酸是组成蛋白质的基本结构单元，除脯氨酸外，氨基酸的分子结构通式为（1-19）。
10、石化能源指的是（1-20）、（1-21）、（1-22）。
二、简答题（每小题分数值表在各小题编号旁的括号内，空23分）1、（4分）简述热力学参数熵的概念及影响因素。
2、（4分）简述分散体系的分类,并举例说明。
3、（5分）简述反渗透的原理。
4、（5分）简述防止金属腐蚀的方法。
5、（5分）简述绿色化学的含义与特点。
三、计算题（每小题10分，共30分）1、（10分）反应A→B的半衰期与A的初始浓度无关，在27℃时，T½=300s,此温度下若A的初始浓度C A。
=1.00mol∕L，那么在T=200s时A的转化率是多少？2、（10分）恰好溶解0.010molMn(0H)2,需要 1.0L多大浓度的NH4Cl?已知KspΘ[MN(OH)2]=1.9×10-13，Kb[NH3•H2O]=1.78×10-5。
3、（10分）已知EbΘAg+\Ag=0.799V，K sp0Ag2CrO4=1.12×10-12。
计算点击反应Ag2CrO4+2e=2Ag+CrO42-的标准电势值，以及当[CrO42-]=0.10mol·L-1时，该电极反应的电势值。
C组:水污染控制工程+固体废物管理一、单项选择题（每题1分，共15分）1、（1-1）已知某污水总固体含量680mg·L-1，其中溶解固体420 mg·L-1，其中悬浮固体中的灰分60 mg·L-1，则污水中的SS和VSS为：（）A.200 mg·L-1和60 mg·L-1B.200 mg·L-1和360 mg·L-1C.260 mg·L-1和200 mg·L-1 C.260 mg·L-1和60 mg·L-12、（1-2）已知某污水处理厂出水TN为18 mg·L-1，氨氮2.0 mg·L-1，则出水中有机氮浓度为（）A.16B.6C.2D.不能确定3、（1-3）关于格栅的设置，下列哪点说明是错误的：（）A.设置格栅的主要作用是拦截污水中较大尺寸的悬浮物和漂浮物；B.格栅截留的栅渣量与污水水质有关，与格栅的栅条间隙无关；C.机械格栅一般根据栅前后的液位差自动清渣；D.提升泵房前面的格栅间隙应考虑水泵的型号和单泵流量。
4、（1-4）平流式隔油池通常用于去除含油废水中的哪种状态油？（）A.可浮油B.细分散油和乳化油C.可浮油和乳化油D.乳化油和溶解油5、（1-5）关于高负荷生物滤池处理系统中出水回流的作用，下列哪点说明是错误的：（）A.提高滤率，增加冲刷，加速膜更新，减少堵塞；B.稀释进水，调节水质波动，降低进水浓度；C.防止滤池蝇产生，减少恶臭；D.提供活性污泥，增加滤料间的污泥浓度6、（1-6）某工业开发园区污水处理厂进水COD Cr400 mg·L-1,TN40 mg·L-1,采用生物脱氮工艺，经过升级改造以后，出水COD小于50 mg·L-1，SS小于10 mg·L-1，BOD5小于10mg·L-1，NH3-N平均1.5 mg·L-1，NO x-N平均5 mg·L-1，TN平均18 mg·L-1。
对照《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》出水一级A标准，仅出水TN大于要求15 mg·L-1，从生物脱氮的氮素变化过程分析，你认为该TN 超标的主要是因为：（）A.硝化能力不足，导致出水TN超标；B.进水不可生化的有机氮浓度偏高，导致水TN超标；C.反硝化效果较差，导致水TN超标；D.有机物浓度偏高，导致水TN超标。
7、（1-7）Monod公式表示微生物增长速率与底物浓度的关系，试问，根基Monod 公式，微生物比增长速率合适与底物浓度是一级反应？（）A、当底物浓度较高，且远大于半速率常数时；B、当底物浓度较低，且远小于半速率常数时；C、当底物浓度与半速率常数相等时；D、当底物浓度为零时。
8、（1-8）关于两相厌氧处理工艺，下列哪些说明是错误的：（）A、酸化和甲烷化在两个独立反应器中进行，可以提供各自最适的生长繁殖条件；B、酸化反应器反应速度快，水力停留时间短；C、甲烷化反应器反应速度较慢，对反应环境条件要求较高；D、因为分为两个反应器，所以两相总容积大于普通单项厌氧反应器容积。
9、（1-9）关于反硝化除磷现象，下列哪些说明是正确的：（）A、反硝化聚磷菌利用硝态氮作为电子受体，氧化体内储存的PHD，同时吸收磷B、反硝化聚磷菌在厌氧池进行反硝化，帮助聚磷菌进行磷释放；C、聚磷菌在好氧条件下，利用氧气作为电子受体，氧化体内储存的PHB，同时吸收磷；D聚磷菌在厌氧条件下，进行磷释放，好氧条件进行磷吸收。
10、（1-10）污泥脱水前常常需要进行加药调理，此项操作的目的是：（）A、降低含水率，缩小污泥体积；B、降解偶记物，使污泥性质得到稳定；C、破坏污泥的胶态结构，改善污泥的脱水性能；D、去除污泥中毛细水和表面吸着水。
11、（1-11）生活垃圾按量付费，属于下列哪类的经济政策：（）A、庇古税B、费用-效益法C、价格补贴D、价格杠杆12、（1-12）我国实施的危险废弃物转移五联制度，属于下列哪类的管理措施：（）A摇篮到坟墓B摇篮到摇篮C全过程管理D末端管理13、（1-13）危险废物是否可直接进入安全填埋场处置，应根据下列哪种方法确定：（）A国家危险废物名录B浸出毒性分析C污染物总含量分析D颗粒稳定性分析14、（1-14）下列哪种方法具有物体废物源头减量作用：（）A、设计使用寿命长的产品B、设计易于再利用的产品C、分类收集垃圾D、园林垃圾堆肥15、（1-15）城市或国家各类固体废弃物产生量的比例分配主要收哪种因素影响A、产业结构B、积极发展水平C、产业结构和积极发展水平D、地理气候二、简答题（44分）1、（10分）什么是好氧呼吸，缺氧呼吸和厌氧呼吸？哪类微生物参与这些呼吸活动？在城市污水处理或污泥处理系统中，举例说明利用这些呼吸作用的场合或单元？2、（10分）从城市污水生物脱氮除磷的基本原理出发，解释污水中碳源对生物脱氮除磷系统的重要性，污水中碳源不足时，你有何应对措施？3、（8分）厌氧生物消化通常分为哪几个阶段？每个阶段有什么特点？4、（10分）对生活垃圾实施分类收集的管理对其处理技术体系的选择和运行会产生什么样的影响？（按对机械分选、焚烧、生物处理、卫生填埋的影响，分别进行论述）5、（6分）针对某种生活垃圾组分，设计可使其源头减量的政策方法。
三、计算分析题（16分）1、（9分）高浓度有机工业废水通常采用厌氧-好氧联合处理工艺，一种某啤酒厂废水经调解后，平均流量800m 3／d。
进水COD为300mg／L,BOD5为500 mg ／L，SS为50mg／L，啤酒废水中含有充足生物处理过程需要的其他营养元素，如果出水要求COD小于60 mg／L，BOD5小于20 mg／L，SS小于20 mg／L，设计厌氧段容积负荷8KgCOD／(m3·d)，厌氧段得COD、BOD5SS去除率分别为25%、80%和30%，好样段设计MLSS浓度为3g／L，MLVSS／MLSS=0.7，好氧池设计污泥负荷为0.161KgBOD5／KgMLVSS·d)试计算：（1）厌氧池有效容积和厌氧池水力停留时间；（2）好氧池容积和好氧池水力停留时间；（3）拖过采用两个圆形二沉池，表面水力负荷去0.7m3／(m2·h)，则每个沉淀池直径取多少？2、（7分）某化工厂每年排放含有机氯废渣，其质量折算成纯氯为q(Kg/a),该工厂减少有机氯排放的边际治理成本，MAC=24-q（万元/Kg）；所造成的边际损失为MDC=3q （万元/Kg），按照社会成本最小的原则进行决策：(1)每年多少的排放量是合适的？(2)污染者要将其排放量降低多少？(3)如果以税收政策对污染者进行管理，每年每Kg氯的最适税收是多少？(4)污染者为降低其排放量需投入多大的治理成本？(5)污染者总费用是多少？(6)受害者承受的损失为多少？(7)设若该长经生产与治理技术改造，其边际治理成本为MAC=20-2q，则此时的最适排放量是多少，税收又应做怎样的调整？。