江苏省常州市2013-2014学年高一下学期期末考试物理试题 Word版含解析
湖南省郴州市第一中学2023-2024学年高一上学期10月月考物理试题 Word版含答案
（4）读出光电门装置记录的挡光时间为 ；
（5）根据以上数据可知，滑块经过光电门处的速度大小为___________m/s，滑块的加速度大小为___________ 。
12.如图1所示，在用电磁打点计时器探究小车运动情况的实验中，实验小组打出了如图2所示的一条纸带。
（1）滑块的加速度；
（2）滑块的初速度；
（3）滑块在全过程中的平均速度和平均速率。
15.如图所示，升降机模型以 的速度匀速向上运动，当升降机模型的底部运动到坐标原点O处时，顶部的小球恰好脱落。已知升降机模型的高度h=0.2m，小球与底部第一次碰撞后其速度相对碰前增加了3m/s，重力加速度g取 ，碰撞时间极短，不计空气阻力，整个过程中升降机速度保持不变。求：
A. B. C. D.
5.一观光游客驾驶小轿车在张家界某平直路段行驶，该路段的限速为30m/s，小轿车先做匀加速运动，达到限速后做匀速运动，小轿车在前75m的x- 图像如图所示，下列说法正确的是（ ）
A.小轿车的加速度大小为5
B.第6s内，小轿车的位移大小为35m
C.第3s末，小轿车 速度大小为18m/s
【1题答案】
【答案】D
【2题答案】
【答案】B
【3题答案】
【答案】D
【4题答案】
【答案】A
【5题答案】
【答案】C
【6题答案】
【答案】C
二、多项选择题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，有多项符合题目要求。全部选对的得5分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错的得0分。
【7题答案】
【答案】AC
（1）质点在第2s末和第4s末的速度大小；
2023-2024学年江苏省常州市联盟学校高一下学期期末学情调研英语试题
2023-2024学年江苏省常州市联盟学校高一下学期期末学情调研英语试题Scientists play a crucial role in advancing technology and improving our quality of life. Consider thework of Marie Curie, who discovered radium and polonium, opening up new frontiers in the field ofradioactivity and laying the foundation for modern nuclear medicine. Her research has led to the development of life-saving treatments and diagnostic（诊断的）tools that have benefited countless patients.Another remarkable scientist is Albert Einstein. His theory of relativity changed our understanding of the universe, challenging conventional wisdom and inspiring countless subsequent studies in physics. This has not only deepened our knowledge of the cosmos but also led to technological advancements such as GPS navigation, which relies on the principles of relativity for correct positioning.Isaac Newton’s laws of motion and universal gravitation provided a framework for understanding the physical world and paved the way for modern engineering and aerospace technology. The applications of his theories are obvious in everything from the construction of buildings to the launch of satellites.Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection transformed our understanding of the diversity of life on Earth. It has had far-reaching implications in fields such as genetics, ecology, and conservation biology, guiding our efforts to protect and preserve the natural world.Nikola Tesla’s contributions to electri cal engineering, particularly in the development of alternating current（交流电）, have powered our modern world. Without his innovations, our reliance on electricity for lighting, communication, and countless other applications would be severely limited.1. Who discovered radium and polonium?A．Albert Einstein. B．Isaac Newton.C．Marie Curie. D．Charles Darwin.2. Which of the following is a major and biggest difference between Albert Einstein and Isaac Newton?B．Their nationality.A．The field of science they mainlycontributed to.D．Their educational background.C．The century in which they did theirresearch.3. Which of the following is a common feature shared by all the scientists mentioned?A．They all made their discoveries in the 20th century.B．They were all from the same country.C．They all faced significant opposition to their work during their lifetimes.D．They all had a deep and lasting impact on the advancement of science and humanknowledge.My childhood memory is closely connected with hunger. Unable to provide enough food to feed its ever-increasing population, the People’s Republic had to adopt a food ration（定量）system to ensure equal supply of food for three decades—the ration for an adult in an urban area was 15 kilograms of wheat, rice, com or sorghum per month.Many young people today might not understand why I’m talking about hunger when an adult’s monthly quota for food grains was 15kg, especially because half of that would perhaps be enough for them for a month. But that’s all an adult c ould consume up to the 1970s, because cooking oil, meat, eggs and sugar were strictly controlled.Although the ration system ensured everybody had a share of the available food and prevented starvation deaths, it led to malnutrition（营养不良）among people of every age.On launching reform and opening-up. China realized a major reason for food shortage was farmers not getting their rightful due under the system then. So the government distributed the collectively-owned farmlands to households and farmers. Within years, the farm yield almost doubled, helping China to abandon the food rationing system in 1993.Now, enough food supply and much money have changed Chinese people’s dietary habits. Many youths refuse to learn cooking, arguing that they can source their meals from restaurants or take-out outlets. As a result, one can see thousands of electric bike riders zigzagging the streets to deliver breakfast, lunch or dinner.Paradoxically, Chinn is now battling over-nutrition. One would be lucky to not find a few overweight boys and girls in a class. When I meet with my former classmates, many of whom are overweight or suffering from over-nutrition-related illnesses, we sometimes talk about the “good old food ration days” when almost no one needed to worry about con trolling weight.4. What is the main purpose of China’s adopting a food ration system?A．To feed enough food to people. B．To ensure less waste of food.C．To avoid increase of population. D．To fight against food shortage.5. What can we infer from paragraph 2?A．Lacking other nutrition made 15kg food grains not enough for an adult.B．Young people today consume less food grains to avoid overweight problem.C．People in poverty had no access to oil, meat, eggs and sugar in the 1970s.D．The farm yield almost doubled with the development of faring technology.6. What does the underlined word “Paradoxically” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean?A．Consequently. B．Unexpectedly.C．Similarly. D．Reasonably.7. Why does the author write the article?A．To suggest our country adopting food ration again.B．To advise people to have enough food.C．To record the change in the development of society.D．To introduce a healthy lifestyle to young people.Playing music requires fine motor skills, which are controlled in both hemispheres（大脑半球）of the brain. It also combines language and mathematics, which the left hemisphere is more involved in, with the novel and creative content that the right does well in. For these reasons, playing music has been found to increase the volume and activity in the brain’s corpus callosum（肼胝体）, the bridge between the two hemispheres, allowing messages to get across the brain faster and through more different ways. This may allow musicians to solve problems more effectively and creatively, in both academic and social settings.Because making music also involves creating and understanding its emotional content and message, musicians often have higher levels of decision-making function, a category of interlinked tasks that includes planning, strategizing, and attention to detail and requires immediate analysis of both cognitive（认知的）and emotional aspects. This ability also has an impact on how our memory systems work. And, indeed, musicians exhibit better memory functions, creating, storing, and retrieving memories more quickly and efficiently. Studies have found that musicians appear to use their highly connected brains to give each memory multiple tags（标签）, such as a conceptual tag, an emotional tag, an audio tag, and a contextual tag, like a good Internet search engine.How do we know that all these benefits are unique to music, as opposed to, say, sports or painting? Or could it be that people who go into music were already smarter to begin with? Neuroscientists have explored these issues, but so far, they have found that the artistic and aesthetic aspects of learning to play a musical instrument are different from any other activity studied, including other arts. And several randomized（随机的）studies of participants, who showed the same levels of cognitive function and neural processing at the start, found mat those who were exposed to a period of music learning showed improvement in multiple brain areas, compared to the others.8. Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?A．The Connection Between Music and Brain Activity.B．The Secret of Musicians’ Success.C．How Music Changes Our Lives.D．The Impact of Music on Motor Skills.9. What does playing music increase in the brain?A．The size of the left hemisphere.B．The size of the right hemisphere.C．The volume and activity in the brain’s corpus callosum.D．The number of neural connections in the front part of brain.10. What have neuroscientists found about-the benefits of playing music?A．They are not unique. B．They are the same as those of sports.C．They are the same as those of painting. D．They are different from any other activitystudied.11. What did the randomized studies find about those exposed to music learning?A．They had worse cognitive function.B．They showed no improvement in brain areas.C．They showed improvement in duty brain area.D．They showed improvement in multiple brain areas.Last week a study was published showing that people with bowel cancer（肠癌）who drink coffee—quite a lot of coffee, two to four cups a day—were less likely to suffer a return of the disease. Experts have said that if the results hold in further studies, coffee could be prescribed（开处方）to cancer patients on the NHS（National Health Service）. That coffee does have an effect on human function is no doubt—but whether that impact is beneficial or harmful has been controversial（有争议的）since its beginning in the mid-15th century.The native peoples of the forests of Kaffa in south-west Ethiopia searched for berries（浆果）from wild coffee plants that were shipped across the Red Sea to prepare the decoction（煮出的汁）known as qahwa, which was used to reduce their desire for sleep. Once mainstream Islamic courts said coffee was not poisonous, consumption became widespread among the Muslim populations in the Middle East and the Ottoman empire.First regarded as a form of medicine, Turkish traders introduced coffee to Venice, where it was prescribed for digestive disorders. It was served in small, cold potions. London’s first coffee houses appeared in the 1650s, attracting customers with the advertised health benefits of the new beverage. However, not all were convinced. The 1674 Women’s Petition Against Coffee declared that too much coffee consumption weakened men and made them unproductive.Since the 1960s, mass surveys of coffee drinkers have shown different results of its impact. In 1991 the World Health Organization listed coffee as a possible cause of cancer, but in 2016 this conclusion was reversed（反转）as more studies have shown a larger number of positive outcomes being associated with coffee drinking. Following centuries on the defensive（处于守势）, it may be time for coffee professionals to dust down those handbills and channel their inner Pasqua Rosée.12. What was the main finding of the recent study mentioned in paragraph 1?A．Coffee has no impact on human function.B．Drinking coffee reduces the risk of bowel cancer.C．People with bowel cancer should avoid drinking coffee.D．Coffee has no effect on the return of bowel cancer.13. Why does the writer mention the history of coffee consumption?A．To highlight the cultural significance of coffee in different regions.B．To emphasize the historical controversy around coffee’s health effects.C．To show coffee’s long-standing popularity and usage.D．To show the link between coffee’s origins and its medical applications.14. Which is the most suitable title for this passage?A．The Dark Side of Coffee: A Hidden Cancer RiskB．The Bitter Drink: Coffee’s Secret in Being PopularC．Uncovering the Truth: Coffee’s Cancer-Fighting HistoryD．Surprising History of Coffee: From Controversial Drink to Potential Cancer Cure15. Which section of the journal might this article belong to?A．Health & fitness. B．Home & garden.C．History & Culture. D．Finance & investment.Around 1830, the Romantic period slowly arose from the delicate form of the Classical period, expanding orchestral（管弦乐的）forces to express emotions and extra-musical ideas they had never expressed before. How was this possible? 16Romantic Period SoundIf you expect the music to have a regular, eight bar phrase（乐节）, think again. It might have irregular phrases to throw you off course, like in Schubert’s ‘Unfinished’ Symphony No. 8. 17 It may well be that composers like Mahler jump to an unexpected musical ending, like in his Symphony No. 2. If in doubt, be prepared to forget anything and everything you previously thought about music, and expect to be surprised, attracted, and amazed by the unexpected twists and turns of the Romantic period.Romantic InstrumentsAs music grew more expressive, the standard orchestral instruments just weren’t rich enough for many Romantic composers. So, more were added, including the contrabassoon, bass clarinet and piccolo, xylophones, drums, celestes, harps, bells, and triangles. 18 Listen to how Tchaikovsky makes use of various instruments in the ‘Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy’ in his ballet, The Nutcracker.Romantic PiecesDespite often being marked as a Classical period composer, Beethoven’s style really covered the two periods. His later works are pretty expansive, conjuring（变戏法般的）life, death, joy, peace, and even the concept of a universal brotherhood in the symphony of all symphonies, his choral Symphony No. 9, written in 1824. 19 It was a one-movement work evoking a story or poem, like Debussy’s dreamy Prélude à l’après-midi d’un faune or Dukas’ Sorcerer’s Apprentice.20 They also expanded the orchestra to express the full range of human emotion through music. But, understandably, this over-indulgent expression had its critics（批判者）who favoured absolute music-music for music’s sake, without a programme or story-and these critics led music into the ever-diverse 20th Century period.After being poorly bred（饲养）by a backyard breeder. Stevie was ________ at a rescue. She was born ________, so her breeder had no ________ to sell her. As soon as Stevie’s parents became aware of her situation, they immediately offered to ________ her. Her eyes were infected（感染）badly and she had congenital glaucoma（先天性背光眼）. Since she never had ________ to begin with, the vet（兽医）decided to ________ her eyes to relieve pain.Slowly, she started to heal from all the trauma（创伤）she had been through. Her adopt（收养）parents became more and more ________ to her. A ________ was made that Stevie would stay as a family member for the rest of her life. She now lives an adventure-packed life with her pup friends. Stevie has no problems ________ as she gradually learned to “feel” her way. She enjoys hikes, camping trips, and even helps other adopted dogs feel ________ in her home. Stevie has shown people that a dog with a（n）________ can live a healthy and happy lifestyle. Eventually, the family also tuned to The Endless Pawsabilities Rescue Society for help. The Endless Pawsabilities Rescue Society is a non-profit organization ________ to animal welfare（福利）. Furthermore, they actively support North American rescue and adoption ________.Stevie’s story became a beacon（灯塔）of hope for countless animals in need. She became a（n）________ of the unbreakable spirit that animals possess. ________ everyone that every pet, regardless of their challenges, deserves a loving home.21.A．bought B．abandoned C．attacked D．disliked 22.A．deaf B．unhappy C．blind D．broken23.A．reason B．secret C．course D．clue24.A．buy B．forgive C．sell D．keep25.A．ability B．sight C．hearing D．sense26.A．cover B．remove C．widen D．reduce27.A．equal B．closed C．attached D．cruel28.A．wish B．notice C．movement D．decision 29.A．going away B．getting over C．getting around D．going through 30.A．active B．popular C．confident D．comfortable 31.A．disability B．specialty C．difference D．interest32.A．admitted B．used C．addicted D．devoted 33.A．performances B．efforts C．battles D．answers 34.A．symbol B．signal C．imagination D．fact35.A．pushing B．helping C．proposing D．reminding阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
XXX2013-2014学年高一下学期期末测试物理试题Word版含答案
XXX2013-2014学年高一下学期期末测试物理试题Word版含答案XXX2013学年第二学期期末测试卷高一物理注意：1.本卷g=9.8m/s2.2.考试时间90min，满分100分。
一．单项选择题1（每题只有一个正确选项，多选不选均不得分2×6=16分）1．在物理学理论建立的过程中，有许多伟大的科学家做出了贡献。
关于科学家和他们的贡献，下列说法正确的是（）（A．英国科学家XXX发现了气体的压强与温度的关系，称为玻意耳定律（B）法国科学家XXX直接发现了在任何情况下理想气体的压强与热力学温度成正比（C）XXX发现了单摆的周期公式（D）英国植物学家XXX在观察花粉运动时发现了分子无规则运动2．下列物理量中，不属于国际单位制基本单位的是（）（A）质量单位kg（B）热力学温度单位K（C）力的单位N（D）物质的量单位mol3．质点作简谐运动，下列各物理量中变化周期是质点振动周期一半的是（）（A）位移（B）回复力（C）加速度（D）动能4．关于机械波的下列说法，错误的是：（）(A)机器振动在介质中传播就形成机器波(B)简谐波的频率等于其波源的振动频率(C)机械波的传播过程也是振动能量的传播过程(D)机械波传播时，介质质点随波一起向前移动5．如图2所示，弹簧振子在C、B间做简谐运动，O点为其平衡位置，则（）(A)振子在由C点运动到O点的过程中，回复力逐渐增大(B)振子在由O点运动到B点的过程中，速率不断增加(C)振子在由O点运动到B点的过程中，加速率速率不断减小(D)振子通过平衡位置O点时，动能最大、势能最小6.上面是某同砚对份子间作用力的研讨，根据你所学的常识阐发精确的是（）（A）份子力一定随份子间间隔的增大而增大（B）分子力一定随分子间距离的增大而减小（C）当分子力表现为斥力时，减小分子间的距离分子力做正功（D）引力和斥力都随份子间间隔的增大而减小单项挑选题2（每题只要一个精确选项，多选不选均不得分3×6=18分）7．质量为的小孩从高度为的滑梯顶端由静止开始滑下，滑到底端时的速度为。
江苏省常州市2013-2014学年高二下学期期末学业水平监测数学理试题 Word版含答案(苏教版)
2013-2014学年江苏省常州市高二（下）期末数学试卷（理科）一、填空题（本大题共14题，每小题5分，共70分）1．已知复数z1=1+i，z2=m﹣i（m∈R，i是虚数单位），若z1•z2为纯虚数，则m=_________．2．二项式（x﹣）6的展开式中第5项的二项式系数为_________．（用数字作答）3．若随机变量X～B（3，），则P（X=2）=_________．4．计算：+=_________．（用数字作答）5．抛掷一颗质地均匀的骰子，设A表示事件“正面向上的数字为奇数”、B表示事件“正面向上的数字大于3”，则P（A|B）=_________．6．用0，1，2，3四个数字，组成没有重复数字的四位数，则其中偶数的个数为_________．7．已知函数f（x）=sin（2x﹣），那么f′（）的值是_________．8．记n!=1×2×…n（n∈N*），则1!+2!+3!+…+2014!的末位数字是_________．0 1 3的方差是_________．10．已知在等比数列{a n}中，若m+2n+p=s+2t+r，m，n，p，s，t，r∈N*，则a m•a n2•a p=a s•a t2•a r．类比此结论，可得到等差数列{b n}的一个正确命题，该命题为：在等差数列{b n}中，若m+2n+p=s+2t+r，m，n，p，s，t，r∈N*，则_________．11．设正四棱锥的侧棱长为3，则其体积的最大值为_________．12．已知甲、乙两人投篮投中的概率分别为和，若两人各投2次，则两人投中次数相等的概率为_________．13．已知函数f（x）的导函数f′（x）是二次函数，且f′（x）=0的两根为0和2，若函数f（x）在开区间（2m﹣3，）上存在最大值和最小值，则实数m的取值范围为_________．14．某宿舍的5位同学每人写一张明信片并放在一个不透明的箱子中，每人从中任意取出一张，记一个“恰当”为有一位同学取到的明信片不是自己写的，用ξ表示“恰当”的个数，则随机变量ξ的数学期望是_________．二、解答题（本大题共6小题，共80分）15．（12分）某小组有4名男生，3名女生．（1）若从男，女生中各选1人主持节目，有多少种不同的选法？（2）若从男，女生中各选2人，组成一个小合唱队，要求站成一排且2名女生不相邻，共有多少种不同的排法？16．（12分）设（2x﹣1）5=a0+a1x+a2x2+a3x3+a4x4+a5x5求：（1）a0+a1+a2+a3+a4（2）（a0+a2+a4）2﹣（a1+a3+a5）2．17．（12分）已知函数f（x）=（x＞﹣1）．（1）求曲线y=f（x）在点（1，f（1））处的切线方程；（2）求f（x）的最小值．18．（14分）在1，2，3，…，9这9个自然数中，任取3个不同的数．（1）求这3个数中恰有2个是奇数的概率；（2）设X为所取3个数中奇数的个数，求随机变量X的概率分布及数学期望．19．（15分）已知数列{a n}的首项a1=1，设T n=a1+a2+a3+…+a n+a n+1（n∈N*）．（1）若数列{a n}是等差数列，且公差d=2，求T n；（2）若数列{a n}是等比数列，且公比q=2．①求T n；②用数学归纳法证明：T n＞n2+2n（n∈N*，n≥2）．20．（15分）已知函数f（x）=x2﹣alnx，a∈R．（1）若a=2，求函数f（x）的极小值；（2）讨论函数f（x）的单调性；（3）若方程f（x）=0在区间[，e]上有且只有一个解，求实数a的取值范围．三、选做题（在21、22、23、24题中只能选做1题，每小题10分）【选修4-1：几何证明选讲】21．（10分）如图，AB为圆O的直径，BC与圆O相切于点B，D为圆O上的一点，AD∥OC，连接CD．求证：CD为圆O的切线．【选修4-2：矩阵与变换】22．已知矩阵A=，向量=，求矩阵A的逆矩阵，及使得A=成立的向量．【选修4-4：坐标系及参数方程】23．在极坐标系中，已知圆C的圆心为C（2，），半径为1，求圆C的极坐标方程．【选修4-5：不等式选讲】24．求函数y=+的最大值．二、解答题（本大题共6小题，共80分）15．解：（1）完成这是事情可分为两步进行：第一步，从4名男生中选1名男生，有4种选法，第二步，从3名女生中选1名女生，有3种选法，根据分步计数原理，共有4×3=12种选法答：有12种不同的选法；（2）完成这是事情可分为四步进行：第一步第一步，从4名男生中选2名男生，有=6种选法，第二步，从3名女生中选2名女生，有=3种选法，第三步，将选取的2名男生排成一排，有=2种排法，第四步，在2名男生之间及两端共3个位置选2个排2个女生，有=6，根据分步计数原理，不同的排法种数为6×3×2×6=216答：有216种不同的排法．16．解：当x=1时，a5x5+a4x4+a3x3+a2x2+a1x+a0=a5+a4+a3+a2+a1+a0=1；当x=﹣1时，a5x5+a4x4+a3x3+a2x2+a1x+a0=﹣a5+a4﹣a3+a2﹣a1x+a0=﹣243；（1）∵a5=25=32∴a0+a1+a2+a3+a4=1﹣32=﹣31（2）∵（a0+a2+a4）2﹣（a1+a3+a5）2．=（a5+a4+a3+a2+a1+a0）（﹣a5+a4﹣a3+a2﹣a1+a0）=1×（﹣243）=﹣24317．解：（1）∵f（x）=，∴f′（x）=，∴f′（1）=，∵f（1）=，∴曲线y=f（x）在点（1，f（1））处的切线方程为ex﹣4y+e=0；（2）令f′（x）=0，可得x=0，x∈（﹣1，0）时，f′（x）＜0，函数单调递减，x∈（0，+∞）时，f′（x）＞0，函数单调递增，∴x=0时，f（x）的最小值为1．18．解：（1）记“3个数中恰有2个是奇数”为事件A，从9个自然数中，任取3个不同的数，共会出现=84种等可能的结果，其中3个数中恰有2个是奇数的结果有=40种，故这3个数中恰有2个是奇数的概率P（A）=．（2）由题意得X的取值范围为0，1，2，3，P（X=0）=，P（X=1）==，P（X=2）=，P（X=3）=，∴随机变量X的分布列为：X 0 1 2 3PEX==．19．解：（1）由题意得，a n=2n﹣1，∵=，T n=a1+a2+a3+…+a n+a n+1，∴T n=a n+1+a n+…+a2+a1=a n+1+a n+…+a2+a1，…2分∴2T n=（a1+a n+1）+（a2+a n）+…+（a n+a2）+（a n+1+a1），=（a1+a n+1）（++…++）=（1+2n+1）2n，∴T n=（n+1）•2n…4分（2）①由题得，a n=2n﹣1，T n=a1+a2+…+a n+a n+1=+2+22+…+2n﹣1+2n=（1+2）n=3n…7分②证明：（i）当n=2时，T2=32=9，22+2×2=8，T2＞8，不等式成立，…9分（ii）假设n=k（k∈N，k≥2）时，不等式成立，即3k＞k2+2k，…10分当n=k+1时，3k+1=3•3k＞3（k2+2k）…11分∵3（k2+2k）﹣[（k+1）2+2（k+1）]=2k2+2k﹣3，∵k≥2，∴2k2+2k﹣3＞2k﹣3＞0，∴3k+1＞（k+1）2+2（k+1）．即当n=k+1时，不等式也成立…14分根据（i）（ii）可知，对任意n∈N*（n≥2），不等式成立…15分20．解：（1）a=2时，f（x）=x2﹣2lnx，x＞0，∴f′（x）=，令f′（x）＞0，解得：x＞1，x＜﹣1（舍），令f′（x）＜0，解得：0＜x＜1，∴f（x）在（0，1）递减，在（1，+∞）递增，∴x=1时，f（x）取到极小值f（1）=1，（2）∵f′（x）=，x＞0，①a≤0时，f′（x）＞0，f（x）在（0，+∞）递增，②a＞0时，令f′（x）＞0，解得：x＞，x＜﹣（舍），令f′（x）＜0，解得：0＜x＜，∴f（x）在（0，）递减，在（，+∞）递增；综上：a≤0时，f（x）在（0，+∞）递增a＞0时，f（x）在（0，）递减，在（，+∞）递增；（3）由题意得：方程a=在区间[，e]上有且只有一个解，令g（x）=，则g′（x）=，令g′（x）=0，解得：x=，∴g（x）在（，）上递减，在（，e）递增，又g（）=＜g（e）=e2，∴方程a=在区间[，e]上有且只有一个解时，有＜a≤e2，或a=2e，∴实数a的取值范围时：{a|＜a≤e2或a=2e}．三、选做题（在21、22、23、24题中只能选做1题，每小题10分）【选修4-1：几何证明选讲】21．证明：连接OD，∵AD∥OC，∴∠A=∠COB，∠ADO=∠COD，∵OA=OD，∴∠A=∠ADO，∴∠COB=∠COD，在△COB和△COD中，OB=OD，∠COB=∠COD，OC=OC，∴△COB≌△COD（SAS），∴∠ODC=∠OBC，∵BC与⊙O相切于点B，∴OB⊥BC，∴∠OBC=90°，∴∠ODC=90°，即OD⊥CD，∴CD是⊙O的切线．22．解：矩阵的行列式为=﹣2，∴矩阵A的逆矩阵A﹣1=，∴=A﹣1=．23．解：在圆C上任意取一点P（ρ，θ），在△POC中，由余弦定理可得CP2=OC2+OP2﹣2OC•OP•cos∠POC，即1=4+ρ2﹣2×2×ρcos（θ﹣），化简可得ρ2﹣4ρcos（θ﹣）+3=0．当O、P、C共线时，此方程也成立，故圆C的极坐标方程为ρ2﹣4ρcos（θ﹣）+3=0．24．解：由柯西不等式可得y2=（+）2≤[12+（）2]（1+x+1﹣x）=6，当且仅当=，即x=﹣时取等号，∵y≥0，∴x=﹣时，y的最大值为．。
2020年高二下学期期末考试 物理 Word版含答案 (2)
绝密★考试结束前2019年学年第二学期浙南名校联盟期末联考高二物理试题本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共8页，满分100分，考试时间90分钟。
其中加试题部分为30分，用【加试题】标出。
考生注意：1.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。
2.答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。
3.非选择题的答案必须使用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔写在答题纸上相应区域内，作图时可先使用2B铅笔，确定后必须使用黑色字迹签字笔或钢笔描黑，答案写在本试题卷上无效。
4.可能用到的相关参数：重力加速度g均取10m/s2。
选择题部分一、选择题I（本题共13小题，每小题3分，共39分。
每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，不选、多选、错选均不得分）1.下列图中仪器所测量的物理量不是．．国际单位制（SI）中基本量的是2.下列式子属于该物理量的定义式的是A.加速度Fam= B.功率P Fv= C.电场强度FEq= D.电阻lRSρ=3.关于物理定律的适用条件与应用，下列说法正确的是A.伽利略通过实验直接证明了自由落体的物体做匀变速直线运动B.牛顿将万有引力定律发表在《自然哲学的数学原理》中，并测得了引力常量C.法拉第不仅提出了场的概念，而且用电场线和磁感线形象地描述电场和磁场D.麦克斯韦建立了经典的电磁场理论，预言并首先捕捉到了电磁波4.下列陈述与事实相符的是A.牛顿首先指出了力不是维持物体运动的原因B.开普勒根据行星运动定律提出了万有引力定律C.库伦发现了静电荷间的相互作用规律D.安培发现了电流的磁效应5.粗糙的水平桌面上放置着一辆小车，小车上安装一竖直且注满清水的玻璃管，玻璃管中放一块适当的圆柱形的红蜡块，红蜡块能由底部匀速上升到顶端。
小车从位置A开始以初速度v0向右运动，同时由底部释放红蜡块。
经过一段时间后，小车运动到图中虚线位置B处。
江苏省常州市市实验中学2021年高一数学理下学期期末试题含解析
江苏省常州市市实验中学2021年高一数学理下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有是一个符合题目要求的1. 下列函数既是奇函数，又在区间[﹣1，1]上单调递减的是( )A．f（x）=sinx B．f（x）=﹣|x+1|C．D．参考答案：D【考点】奇偶性与单调性的综合．【专题】常规题型．【分析】本题是选择题，可采用逐一检验的方法，只要不满足其中一条就能说明不正确．【解答】解：f（x）=sinx是奇函数，但其在区间[﹣1，1]上单调递增，故A错；∵f（x）=﹣|x+1|，∴f（﹣x）=﹣|﹣x+1|≠﹣f（x），∴f（x）=﹣|x+1|不是奇函数，∴故B错；∵a＞1时，y=a x在[﹣1，1]上单调递增，y=a﹣x[﹣1，1]上单调递减，∴f（x）=（a x﹣a﹣x）在[﹣1，1]上单调递增，故C错；故选 D【点评】本题综合考查了函数的奇偶性与单调性，是函数这一部分的常见好题．2. 为了得到函数的图像，只需将函数的图像( )A.向左平移个长度单位B.向右平移个长度单位C.向左平移个长度单位D.向右平移个长度单位参考答案：B3. 如果命题“非或非”是假命题，则在下列各结论中正确的是（）①命题“且”是真命题；②命题“且”是假命题；③命题“或”是真命题；④命题“或”是假命题。
A.①③B.②④C.②③D.①④参考答案：A4. 设锐角△ABC的三个内角A，B，C的对边分别为a，b，c且，，则△ABC周长的取值范围为（）A. B. C. D.参考答案：C5. 已知，且，则等于（）A. B. C. D.参考答案：A6. 若函数f（x）=的定义域为（）A．[0，1）B．（0，1）C．（﹣∞，0]∪（1，+∞） D．（﹣∞，0）∪（1，+∞）参考答案：A【考点】函数的定义域及其求法．【专题】函数的性质及应用．【分析】根据函数成立的条件即可求函数的定义域．【解答】解：要使函数有意义，则，即，解得0≤x＜1，即函数的定义域为[0，1），故选：A【点评】本题主要考查函数的定义域的求解，要求熟练掌握常见函数成立的条件．7. 已知函数是R上的增函数，则实数a的取值范围是A．(1,8) B．(1,+∞)C．(4,8) D．[4,8)参考答案：D8. 定义为n个正数p1，p2，p3…p n的“均倒数”，若已知数列{a n}的前n项的“均倒数”为，又，则…=（）A．B．C．D．参考答案：C【考点】8E：数列的求和．【分析】由“均倒数”的定义，求得S n，即可求得a n，求得b n，利用裂项法即可求得答案．【解答】解：由已知定义，得到=，∴a1+a2+…+a n=n（2n+1）=S n，即S n=2n2+n．当n=1时，a1=S1=3．当n≥2时，a n=S n﹣S n﹣1=（2n2+n）﹣[2（n﹣1）2+（n﹣1）]=4n﹣1．当n=1时也成立，∴a n=4n﹣1；∴=n．∵∴b n=n，则==﹣，∴…=（1﹣）+（﹣）+…+（﹣）=1﹣+﹣+…+﹣=1﹣=，故选C．9. 等差数列则数列的前9项的和等于（）A. B C D 198参考答案：B10. 若a，b是方程的两个根，且a，b，2这三个数可适当排序后成等差数列，也可适当排序后成等比数列，则的值为( )A.－4B. －3C. －2D. －1参考答案：D【分析】由韦达定理确定，，利用已知条件讨论成等差数列和等比数列的位置，从而确定的值。
2013-2014学年高一上学期期末数学试题_Word版含答案
2013-2014学年度第一学期高一级期末考试一．选择题（每小题5分，共50分，每小题只有一个选项是正确的） 1. 已知集合M ＝{x|x ＜3}，N ＝{x |122x>}，则M ∩N 等于（ ） A ∅B {x |0＜x ＜3}C {x |－1＜x ＜3}D {x |1＜x ＜3}2. 已知三条不重合的直线m 、n 、l 两个不重合的平面βα,，有下列命题 ①若αα//,,//m n n m 则⊂； ②若βαβα//,//,则且m l m l ⊥⊥； ③若βαββαα//,//,//,,则n m n m ⊂⊂；④若αββαβα⊥⊥⊂=⊥n m n n m 则,,,, ；其中正确的命题个数是（ ）A ．1B ．2C ．3D ．4 3. 如图，一个简单空间几何体的三视图中，其正视图与侧视图都是边长 为2的正三角形，俯视图轮廓为正方形，则其侧面积是( ) A ．4. 函数()23xf x x =+的零点所在的一个区间是（ ）A ．()2,1--B ．()1,0-C ．()0,1D ．()1,25. 如图，在正方体ABCD-A 1B 1C 1D 1中，异面直线A 1B 和AD 1所成角的大小是（ ） A. 30° B. 45° C.90° D.60°6. 已知函()()21,1,log ,1.a a x x f x x x --⎧⎪=⎨>⎪⎩≤若()f x 在(),-∞+∞上单调递增，则实数a 的取值范围为（ ） A ． ()1,2B ． ()2,3C ． (]2,3D ． ()2,+∞7. 如图在正三棱锥A-BCD 中，E 、F 分别是AB 、BC 的中点，EF ⊥DE ,且BC =1，则正三棱锥A-BCD的体积是 （ ）243D. 123C. 242B. 122.A8. 函数y ＝log 2(1－x )的图象是（ ）俯视图正视图 侧视图9. 已知)(x f 是定义在R 上的函数，且)2()(+=x f x f 恒成立，当)0,2(-∈x 时，2)(x x f =，则当[]3,2∈x 时，函数)(x f 的解析式为 （ ）A ．42-x B ．42+x C ．2)4(+x D ． 2)4(-x10. 已知)91(log 2)(3≤≤+=x x x f ，则函数[])()(22x f x f y +=的最大值为（ ）A ．6B ．13C ．22D ．33二．填空题（每小题5分，共20分）11. 一个长方体的各顶点均在同一球的球面上，且一个顶点上的三条棱的长分别为1，2，3，则此球的表面积为 ．12. 已知函数()()223f x x m x =+++是偶函数，则=m ．13. 已知直二面角βα--l ，点A ∈α，AC ⊥l ,C 为垂足，B ∈β,BD ⊥l ,D 为垂足, 若AB=2，AC=BD=1则C,D 两点间的距离是_______14. 若函数2()log (2)(0,1)a f x x x a a =+>≠在区间102⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭，恒有()0f x >，则()f x 的单调递增区间是三．解答题（本大题共6小题，共80分。
江苏省常州高级中学2024年高二下学期期末考试化学试卷(解析版)
江苏省常州市教育学会2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试化学试题注意事项：1.木试卷分为选择题和非选择题两部分，满分为100分，考试时间为75分钟。
2.答题前请将学校、班级、学号、姓名填涂在答题卡密封线内：答案书写在答题卡规定区域内，在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效：考试结束后仅交答题卡。
可能用到的相对原子质量：H1 C12 N14 O16 Na23 S32 K39 Mn55 Fe56 一、单项选选题：共13小题，每题3分，共39分。
每题只有一个选项最符合题意。
1. 焦尾琴是中国四大古琴之一，琴而板材料取自尾部烧焦的桐木。
桐木中的纤维素属于 A. 糖类 B. 油脂C. 蛋白质D. 核酸【答案】A 【解析】【详解】桐木中的纤维素是多糖，属于糖类，故选A 。
2. 黑火药的爆炸反应为3222S+2KNO +3C K S+N +3CO ↑=↑。
下列说法正确的是 A. 2K S 的电子式为 B. 21molN 中含2mol π键 C. 2CO 为碱性氧化物 D. 爆炸时吸收热量 【答案】B 【解析】【详解】A ．K 2S 是离子化合物，电子式为：，A 错误；B ．N 2中氮氮三键有2个π键，故1molN 2中含2mol π键，B 正确；C ．CO 2能与碱反应生成盐和水，为酸性氧化物，C 错误；D ．爆炸会释放热量，D 错误； 故选B 。
3. 下列有关2Cl (用2MnO 和浓盐酸制取)的实验装置不能达到实验目的的是A ．净化B ．收集C ．性质检验D ．尾气处理A. AB. BC. CD. D【答案】D 【解析】【详解】A ．用MnO 2和浓盐酸制取的氯气中有HCl 杂质，用饱和食盐水可以除去Cl 2中的HCl 杂质，再通过浓硫酸干燥，装置可以起到净化的作用，A 正确； B ．氯气密度大于空气，可以用向上排空气法收集，B 正确；C ．干燥的氯气不能使干燥的红布条褪色，能使湿润的红布条褪色，中间无水氯化钙防止右侧布条的水蒸气到左侧影响实验结果，装置可以进行氯气的性质检验，C 正确；D ．氯气在水中的溶解度不大且氯气与水的反应是可逆反应，用水不能进行尾气处理，不能达到实验目的，D 错误； 故选D 。
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江苏省常州市2013-2014学年下学期期末考试
高一物理试卷
一、单项选择题（共6小题，每小题3分，共18分）
．
3．（3分）（2013•朝阳区二模）经国际小行星命名委员会命名的“神舟星”和“杨利伟星”的轨
．“神舟星”和“杨利伟星”绕太阳运行的周期分别为T1和T2，它们在近日点的加速度分别为a1
解：根据开普勒第三定律有：
根据万有引力产生加速度有
4．（3分）高中生小明骑电动自行车沿平直公路行驶，因电瓶“没电”，改用脚蹬车以5m/s 的速度匀速前进，骑行过程中所受阻力恒为车和人总重的0.02，取g=10m/s2．估算小明骑
5．（3分）某静电场的电场线分布如图所示，一负点电荷只在电场力作用下先后经过场中的M、N两点．过N点的虚线是电场中的一条等势线，则（）
6．（3分）右侧方框内为某台电风扇的铭牌，如果已知该电风扇在额定电压下工作时，转化为机械能的功率等于电动机消耗电功率的97%，则在额定电压下工作时，通过电动机的电流I及电动机线圈的电阻R分别是（）
R=
二、多项选择题（每小题4分，共16分）
E=
是由电场强度的定义式和库仑定律联立得到
8．（4分）如图所示，物体A、B叠放着，A用绳系在固定的墙上，用力F拉着B右移，用F1、F AB、F BA分别表示绳中拉力、A对B的摩擦力和B对A的摩擦力，则下面叙述中正确的是（）
9．（4分）如图所示，两块相互靠近彼此绝缘的平行金属板组成平行板电容器，极板N与静电计金属球相连，极板M和静电计的外壳均接地．用静电计测量平行板电容器两极板间的电势差U．在两板相距为d时，给电容器充电，静电计指针张开一定角度．在与外界绝缘的情况下保持电容器的带电量Q不变，下面的操作中将使静电计指针张角变小的是（）
10．（4分）以恒定的功率P 行驶的汽车以初速度v 0冲上倾角一定的斜坡，设受到的阻力（不包括汽车所受重力的沿斜面向下的分力）恒定不变，则汽车上坡过程中的v ﹣t 图象可能是
B
三、填空题（每空2分，共20分）
11．（8分）现有一个灵敏电流计，它的满偏电流为
I g =1mA ，内阻R g =200Ω，若要将它改成量程为3V 的电压表，应 串 （填“串”或“并”）一个 2800 Ω的电阻；若要将它改装成量程为50mA 的电流表，应 并 （填“串”或“并”）一个 4 Ω（保留一位有效数字）．
﹣
=≈
12．（12分）某同学用如图a所示的实验装置验证重物自由下落过程中机械能守恒定律：
（1）实验中，下列测量工具会用到的有CE
A．天平B．秒表C．交流电源D．直流电源E．刻度尺
（2）为保证重物的初速度为零，所选择的纸带第1、2两点间距应接近2mm；
（3）已知电源的频率为50Hz，重物的质量m=1kg，当地重力加速度g=9.80m/s2，实验中该同学得到的一条点迹清晰的完整纸带如图b所示，纸带上的第一个点记为O，另选连续的三个点A、B、C进行测量，图中给出了这三个点到O点的距离h A、h B和h C的值，回答下列问题（计算结果保留3位有效数字）：打点计时器打B点时重物的速度v B= 3.95m/s，由O到B点，重物动能的增加量等于7.80J，重物重力式能的减小量等于7.84J，实验结论是：在误差允许范围内机械能守恒．
h==0.002m=2mm
=
==7.80J
四、解答题（共5小题，46分。
解答时请写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤，只写出最后答案的不能得分）
13．（10分）如图所示，整点电荷Q=1×10﹣8C的电场中，A、B为一条电场线上的两点，A 点与Q相聚r A=30cm．将q=﹣2×10﹣10C的试探点电荷由A点移到B点，电场力做功为3×10﹣9J．
（1）求A点的电场强度E A；
（2）表明B点的大概位置，并求由A到B试探点电荷电势能的变化量△E p；
（3）求A、B两点的电势差U AB．
E=k
E=k=9.0×
=
14．（12分）如图所示的水平匀强电场中，一电量为q质量为m的带电微粒沿与电场成θ角的方向以初速度v0射入，在电场中恰能沿直线运动，求：
（1）该电场的电场强度E；
（2）微粒在电场中前进的最大距离；
（3）微粒前进的最远点与起始点间电势差的绝对值U．
所以可得
）如图可知，粒子所受合力
）该电场的电场强度为
）微粒在电场中前进的最大距离为
）微粒前进的最远点与起始点间电势差的绝对值为
15．（12分）如图，把一个质量为m=0.5kg的小球用细线悬挂起来，就成为一个摆，摆长为L=0.46m，现将小球拉到偏角为θ=37°的A点．（sin37°=0.6，cos37°=0.8，g=10m/s2）
（1）若将小球由静止释放，求运动到最低点时对细线的拉力；
（2）若给小球沿切线方向的初速度v A，要使小球能在竖直平面内做完整的圆周运动，求v A 的最小值．
）小球能达到圆周运动最高点时速度满足
）小球能通过最高点时的最小速度满足：
=
16．（12分）（2013•朝阳区二模）如图所示，遥控赛车比赛中一个规定项目是“飞跃壕沟”，比赛要求：赛车从起点出发，沿水平直轨道运动，在B点飞出后越过“壕沟”，落在平台EF 段．已知赛车的额定功率P=10.0W，赛车的质量m=1.0kg，在水平直轨道上受到的阻力
f=2.0N，AB段长L=10.0m，BE的高度差h=1.25m，BE的水平距离x=1.5m．若赛车车长不计，空气阻力不计，g取10m/s2．
（1）若赛车在水平直轨道上能达到最大速度，求最大速度v m的大小；
（2）要越过壕沟，求赛车在B点最小速度v的大小；
（3）若在比赛中赛车通过A点时速度v A=1m/s，且赛车达到额定功率．要使赛车完成比赛，求赛车在AB段通电的最短时间t．
=
﹣
17．如图所示，一粗糙水平轨道与一光滑的竖直圆弧形轨道在A处相连接．圆弧轨道半径为R，圆心O点和A点所在竖直线的右侧空间存在着恒力作用区，对进入该区的物体始终施加一水平向左的恒力，现有一质量为m的小物块（可视为质点），从水平轨道的B点由静止释放，结果，物块第一次冲出圆形轨道末端C后还能上升的最高位置为D，且CD=R．已知物块与水平轨道间的动摩擦因数为μ=0.2，AB=2.5R（不计空气阻力，重力加速度为g），求：
（1）物块第一次经过A点时的速度v A；
（2）恒力作用区对小物块施加的恒力F大小；
（3）物块在水平轨道上运动的总路程s．
F=
代入可得：
点时的速度为。