专业英语四级(听力)-试卷206
专业英语四级(听力)模拟试卷206(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷206(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 2. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.听力原文：Academic Titles at US Colleges Not everyone who teaches in a college or university is a professor. Many are instructors or lecturers. In fact, not even all professors are full professors. Many of them are assistant or associate professors or adjunct professors. So what do all of these different academic titles mean at American colleges and universities? Get ready for a short lecture, especially if you are thinking of a career in higher education. (1)Professors usually need a doctoral degree. But sometimes a school will offer positions to people who have not yet received their doctorate. This person would be called an instructor until the degree has been completed. After that, the instructor could become an assistant professor. Assistant professors do not have tenure. (2)Tenure means a permanent appointment. This goal of greater job security is harder to reach these days. Fewer teaching positions offer the chance for tenure. (3)A professor with tenure cannot be easily dismissed. Such appointments are permanent. Those hired with the understanding they will seek tenure are said to be “on the tenure track.” (4)Assistant professor is the first job on this path. (5)Assistant professors generally have five to seven years to gain tenure. During this time, other faculty members study the person’s work. (6)If tenure is, denied, then the assistant professor usually has a year to find another job. Candidates for tenure may feel great pressure to get research published. “Publish or perish”is the traditional saying. (7)An assistant professor who receives tenure becomes an associate professor. An associate professor may later be appointed a full professor. Assistant, associate and full professors perform many duties. They teach classes. They advise students. And they carry out research. They also serve on committees and take part in other community activities. Other faculty members are not expected to do all these jobs. They are not on a tenure track. Instead, they might be in adjunct or visiting positions. (8)An adjunct professor is hired to teach for a limited time, usually one semester. Adjunct professors may have a doctorate. (9)But they receive lower pay than those on the tenure track and have no job security. The American Association of University Professors says sixty-eight percent of all teacher appointments at American colleges today are adjuncts. (10)College officials say one reason is low budgets. Another is having the freedom to change teachers as courses become more or less popular. They also say part-time adjuncts can provide real worldexperience for their students. But the AAUP and other college officials say too many adjuncts mean lower educational quality. They say adjuncts do not have the time or support to help students outside class. And they say fewer tenure track positions mean fewer people to work with students, create new courses and serve on committees.A visiting professor has a job at one school but works at another for a period of time. Another position is that of lecturer. Lecturers teach classes, but they may or may not have a doctorate.Academic Titles at US Colleges I. Tenure professorsA 【T1】______is usually needed 【T1】______The appointment is【T2】______【T2】______They can’t be【T3】______【T3】______II.【T4】______【T4】______The first job on the tenure track【T5】______years to gain tenure【T5】______If tenure is【T6】______, they have to find another job【T6】______Ⅲ.【T7】______【T7】______Assistant professors who receive tenureIV. Adjunct professorsTeach for a【T8】______【T8】______Lower pay and no【T9】______【T9】______Account for 68% of all teacher appointmentspartly because of【T10】______【T10】______Have no time or support to help studentsV. Visiting professorsGet a job at one school but works at anotherVI. LecturersTeach classesA doctorate is not a necessary condition1．【T1】正确答案：doctoral degree/doctor degree/doctorate解析：本题考查成为终身聘用教授的必备条件之一。
专业英语四级(听力)模拟试卷306(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷306(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. DICTATIONPART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.1．正确答案：Water Pollution Water pollution is an undersirable change in the state of water, /polluted with harmful substances. /It is the second most important environmental issue next to air pollution. /Any change in the physical, chemical or biological properties of water/will have a harmful effect on living things. /Water pollution affects all the major water bodies of the world/such as lakes, rivers, oceans and groundwater. /Polluted water is unfit for drinking and for other consumption processes. /It is also not suitable for agricultural and industrial use. 涉及知识点：听写2．正确答案：Marketing Marketing is the process of planning and executing the conception, /pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas, goods and services/to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational objectives. /It consists of advertising and promoting your products or services in order to sell them. /Your business produces goods and services. /Marketing is to let potential customers know what are available for sale. /Sales, advertising, and public relations are essential components of marketing/and each requires specialized skills and expertise. /A focus on what the customer wants and needs/is essential to successful marketing efforts. 涉及知识点：听写3．正确答案：The Free Hugs Campaign The Free Hugs Campaign is a social movement/ involving individuals who offer hugs to strangers in public places. /The campaign in its present form was started in 2004 by an Australian man. /Initially, people were suspicious of the strange man on the street/offering to hug anyone who wanted one. /Soon, however, suspicion gave way to enthusiastic acceptance. /The campaign became famous internationally in 2006 as the result of a music video uploaded to the Internet. /Many people joined this newly created movement, /andwent out offering free hugs to whoever wanted one. 涉及知识点：听写4．正确答案：Non-governmental Organization in Denmark Today Denmark has one of the highest proportions of association membership in the world. /Organizations and associations play three important roles. /First, they have been able to develop common interests and identities among different groups of people. /Second, practical improvements in the form of production, increases in salary, /and membership discounts have been achieved . /Third, organizations participate in the political struggle for the distribution of values and goods in society. /For example, charities use sophisticated public relations campaigns to raise funds/and employ standard lobbying techniques with governments. 涉及知识点：听写5．正确答案：Lead Time Lead time is the period between a customer’s order and delivery of the final product. /A small order of a pre existing item may only have a few hours lead time, /but a larger order of custom-made parts may have a lead time of weeks, months or even longer. /It all depends on a number of factors, /from the time it takes to create the machinery to the speed of the delivery system. /Lead time may change according to seasons or holidays/or overall demand for the product. 涉及知识点：听写。
专业英语四级(听力)模拟试卷207(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷207(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. (6)Understand the difference between title and topic. A topic is general, but a title is more specific. Make sure the title explains the benefit of your subject. 2. (7)Provide an image for those who are not experts in your subject. Explain how your research relates to other fields. 3. (8)Work on transitions (linking words) as you go from image to image. These should make the connections between your ideas clear. Professor LeBeau says transitions serve as bridges to each new image. 4. (9)Look at each image from the audience’s point of view. What questions might they have about each image? Prepare an extra image that would help explain the most difficult question you expect. 5. (10)Rehearse your presentation with a timing device. At most conferences, there is a time limit. It is disrespectful to take more than your share of the time. Cut your presentation to fit the time you are permitted. Using these tips for improving your presentations in English should help make the process easier.Tips for Planning a PresentationI. The cultural style of presentation for English speakersA【T1】______with one main idea【T1】______Close the talk by 【T2】______the idea【T2】______The best time to present main idea【T3】______【T3】______【T4】______activity will lead to an unclear presentation【T4】______II. Tips for【T5】______presentations【T5】______Understand the difference between 【T6】______【T6】______Provide an【T7】______for outsiders【T7】______Work on【T8】______that serve as bridges【T8】______Prepare images from the perspective of【T9】______【T9】______【T10】______your presentation with a timing device 【T10】______1．【T1】正确答案：linear style解析：本题与英语演讲者的演讲风格相关。
英语专业四级听力答案解析
英语专业四级听力答案解析听力部分是英语专业四级考试中的一项重要内容，为了帮助考生更好地理解和掌握听力材料，以下是对听力题目的详细解析。
Passage 1Question 1:Choice：A (It can help individuals improve their memory and attention)Explanation: In the passage, the speaker mentions that playing video games can improve cognition, including memory and attention. Therefore, the correct answer is A.Question 2:Choice：B (It is not based on scientific evidence)Explanation: The speaker states that there is no scientific evidence to support the claim that video games lead to violent behavior. Therefore, the correct answer is B.Question 3:Choice：C (Their brains are more adaptable to complex mental tasks)Explanation: The speaker mentions that video game players' brains are more adaptable to complex mental tasks, such as multitasking and strategic thinking. Therefore, the correct answer is C.Passage 2Question 4:Choice：B (To promote sustainable farming practices)Explanation: The speaker introduces a program that aims to promote sustainable farming practices, such as reducing chemical use and protecting biodiversity. Therefore, the correct answer is B.Question 5:Choice：C (To overcome challenges and gain success in organic farming)Explanation: The speaker discusses the challenges faced by organic farmers, such as lack of government support and limited market access. However, successful organic farmers are mentioned, indicating that overcoming these challenges can lead to success. Therefore, the correct answer is C.Question 6:Choice：A (The students' hands-on experience in organic farming)Explanation: The speaker mentions that students in the program gain hands-on experience in organic farming, which allows them to apply their knowledge and skills. Therefore, the correct answer is A.Passage 3Question 7:Choice：B (They were based on assumptions rather than evidence)Explanation: The speaker mentions that early theories about the migration of Pacific Islanders were based on assumptions rather than concrete evidence. Therefore, the correct answer is B.Question 8:Choice：C (The Polynesians' impressive navigation skills)Explanation: The speaker discusses the impressive navigational skills of the Polynesians, which enabled them to navigate the vast Pacific Ocean and settle in remote islands. Therefore, the correct answer is C.Question 9:Choice：A (Mapping patterns of wind and ocean currents)Explanation: The speaker suggests that the Polynesians were able to navigate using their knowledge of mapping patterns of wind and ocean currents. Therefore, the correct answer is A.总结：以上是对英语专业四级听力部分的详细解析。
大学英语四级206_真题(含答案与解析)-交互
大学英语四级206(总分749.5, 做题时间130分钟)Writing (30 minutes)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to your pen friend in America, introducing one of the Chinese festivals. You should write at least 120 words.SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 30答案:Dear Jack,I am delighted to learn that you are interested in Chinese festivals.In China there are lots of holidays such as the Spring Festival, New Year's Day, Labor Day and National Day, and so on. In my opinion, the traditional Chinese New Year, namely, the Spring Festival is the most important because it is a time for family reunion.We often have a big celebration for the Spring Festival. We usually observe the Spring Festival according to the lunar calendar, and it is often on some day in the first half of February or rarely the second half of January, which, as you can see, is often the beginning of spring. Usually we have a big meal called family reunion dinner on the Eve of the lunar New Year, and the New Year's Day is the time for people to visit friends and relatives to exchange New Year's greetings. We also stick the red Chinese character "Fu" upside down on our doors which means happiness.I believe now you may have a clear idea of the Spring Festival. I hope you **e to China to experience it in the near future. Best wishes!Yours Sincerely StevenReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark：Y (for YES) ifMad Cow Disease in CanadaFor years, Canada had been virtually free of mad cow disease. But in May 2003, veterinary officials in Alberta confirmed that a sick cow sent to a slaughterhouse in January of that year had been inspected, found to be substandard, and removed so that it would notend up as food for humans or other animals. The carcass was, however, sent to a processing plant for rendering into oils. Its head was kept for testing. Samples were sent to the world testing laboratories in the U. K. , which confirmed the case of mad cow."What is important is that the system worked," said Shirley McClellan, Alberta''s agriculture minister at the time. "We have a very thorough and respected inspection system." She was insistent to remind the public that the disease is not contagious within a herd. But McClellan''s assurances didn''t stop the U. S. , Japan, South Korea, Australia and other countries from imposing temporary import bans of Canadian beef. Quick Facts● Canada has close to 13.5 million cows and calves.● About 5.7 million (or 42 percent) are in Alberta.● Canada''s total beef exports amount to $ 2.2 billion annually, and have risen sharply in recent years.● Since 1991, beef exports have risen from 100,000 tons to abou t 500,000 tons.● Growth in exports has been greatest to Japan, South Korea and Mexico.● Alberta''s share of total beef exports is 39 percent (worth about $ 860 million a year).In an investigation into the source of the infection, 1,400 cows were slaughtered and tested for the disease. No other cows were found to have BSE until late December 2004. Western premiers demanded $ 360 **pensation from the federal government for losses to the beef industry because of the mad cow scare. Ottawa would later offer $190 million.Over the summer of 2003, cattle ranchers held barbeques across Canada to help pro mote Canadian beef. In August, the U. S. reopened its borders to some Canadian beef, but the border was still closed to live cattle. By this time, a cow that would have normally sold for $1,300 was selling for $15. Canadian beef producers asked Ottawa to approve a mass slaughter of 620, 000 cattle to reduce the size of the herd and prevent further damage to the industry.In October, it was reported that the border would reopen to live cattle in December 2003. But on Dec. 23, 2003, the U. S. announced that it had discovered its first apparent case of BSE in a cow in Washington State. Several countries banned beef from the U. S. soon after the announcement, but Canada restricted imports only on some products made from cattle and other ruminants. It still allowed the import of cattle destined for immediate slaughter, boneless beef from cattle under 30 months of age and dairy products.DNA evidence later revealed that the cow was born in Canada, and the U.S. kept its border shut to live Canadian cattle. On Dec. 29,2004, The USDA announced that it recognized Canada as a "minimal--risk region" for BSE and imports of young Canadian cattle would resume March 7, 2005. The new classification means the U. S. will not again close its borders to Canadian beef unless there are two or more cases of BSE per one million cattle older than 24 months of age in each of four consecutive years. Simply put, Canada can have up to 11 cases of BSE and still be considered a safe country for cattle exports. The move came less than a month after U. S. President George W. Bush made his first official visit to Canada and said the process for reopening the border was underway.However, five days before the ban was to be lifted, a U. S..judge granted a temporary injunction to stop the reopening of the border. The ban came at the request of a group of American ranchers called R-CAI.F, who filed a lawsuit saying reopening the border would cause irreparable damage to the U. S. beef market. In June 2005, the U. S. Department of Agriculture confirmed the country''s second known case of BSE, in a Texas-born cow. On July 14, 2005, a three-judge panel of the U. S. Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals overturned a temporary injunction that banned importation of Canadian cattle. U.S. Agriculture Secretary Mike Johanns announced that day that the U. S. border was "immediately" open to live Canadian cattle.The British connectionPreviously, Canada had only one case of a cow infected with BSE. The animal, reported on a farm near Red Deer, Alberta. , in December of 1993, was imported from Britain. Agriculture Canada opted to destroy the animal and its five herd mates. Mexico, one of thelargest importers of Canadian beef at the time, temporarily banned imports of Canadian cattle after the incident. The United States, another major consumer of Canadian beef, sent observers to Canada to see how the incident was handled.As a result, and because of the rumors of possible human health implications circulating in Britain, the Ministry of Agriculture decided to destroy any animal imported from Britain between 1982 and 1990, the year a ban was placed on British beef imports to Canada. This slaughter also included the offspring of any of those animals. All told, 363 animals were destroyed and their **pensated. Some said the destruction was unnecessary, especially the farm''s whose cattle were killed, but the ministry said it was better to err on the side of caution after seeing what was happening in Britain. As of January 2005, 148 Britons had died of CJD and five others were infected but still living.During the summer of 1995, the disease surfaced again. The Canadian Red Cross Society revealed two of its donors had died of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, CJD. Two years later, concern over bloodwas raised again after a man was found to be a carrier of a gene linked to a hereditary form of CJD. In August 2002, doctors confirmed a man in Saskatchewan died from new variant CJD -- the human counterpart to mad cow disease. He had spent some time in the United Kingdom and it appeared he acquired the disease while he was there, doctors said. The man had an endoscopic examination before he died and that equipment was then used on other patients. However, because of disinfection and cleaning procedures, the risk of cross contamination is minute. Public health officials phoned patients who had received examinations with the endoscope to inform them. It''s still not known if the disease can be transmitted through blood products.SSS_SINGLE_SEL2.The passage gives an overview of how Mad Cow Disease has affected the world in recent years.A YB NC NG该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 7.1答案:B本题为主旨题，线索词汇是affect the world。
专业英语四级(听力)模拟试卷200(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷200(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 2. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation , five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of [A], [B], [C] and [D], and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have thirty seconds to preview the questions.听力原文：M: Hi there, I’d thought to drop in and find out exactly where I went, wrong with this last paper. Do you remember marking it?W: Yes I do and... well, my impression was that you were trying to connect argument after argument without any grounds to support each assertion.M: But surely, you would agree that there simply isn’t a lot of research out there to substantiate my arguments.W: Ah, but research is only one-way to back up an argument.M: May I know what other things I can use?W: For starters, your experiences. Experience forms the basis for conclusion. Then perhaps try to look at analogies to see all that can help.M: Are there any guidelines available on how I can use these?W: I did give a whole lecture on it dated February 3rd you were there, weren’t you?M: Whoops, that was one that fell on the week I couldn’t be there. I had to rush back for personal reasons.W: Well, perhaps on your next paper you’ll know that every argument you make needs legs or your paper will remain on the ground.M: Oh yeah, thanks, Mrs. Moser. It’s all food for thought and you can bet the next one will have a solid base.W: That’s the spirit.1．What is wrong with the academic paper?A．There are no grounds to support each argument.B．There isn’t a lot of research.C．The paper mainly talks about the experiences.D．The arguments are not carefully connected.正确答案：A解析：在回答学生关于其论文为什么不好的问题时，老师说：“……我的印象是你正试图一个论点一个论点地堆加而没有任何依据来支持每一个观点主张。
2019年英语专业四级听力考试真题
2019年英语专业四级听力考试真题In the English Proficiency Test (Level 4) listening section held in 2019, a variety of topics were covered, ranging from academic lectures to casual conversations The passages were carefully designed to assess the test-takers' ability to comprehend spoken English in various contexts and at different levels of complexity Typically, the listening section featured several parts, each focusing on a specific aspect of the languageOne part involved listening to short dialogues or monologues related to daily life situations These could include making appointments, inquiring about services, or discussing personal experiences The primary objective was to evaluate the test-takers' ability to grasp the main ideas, specific details, and implied meanings conveyed through the spoken exchangesAnother part consisted of longer academic lectures spanning subjects such as history, literature, science, or social studies These lectures were often delivered by professors or experts in their respective fields The test-takers were required to understand the main arguments, supporting evidence, and logical connections presented in these lectures Additionally, they needed to identify keyconcepts, definitions, and examples provided by the speakersIn some cases, the listening section incorporated audio materials accompanied by visual aids such as graphs, charts, or diagrams The test-takers had to integrate the information from both sources to accurately answer the questions This assessed their ability to interpret data and make inferences based on the combined audio and visual inputsThroughout the listening section, a range of question types were employed These could include multiple-choice questions, true/false statements, short-answer questions, or fill-in-the-blank items The questions were designed to evaluate various listening skills, such as understanding main ideas, identifying specific details, making inferences, and interpreting speakers' attitudes or intentionsTo prepare for the English Proficiency Test (Level 4) listening section, it was crucial for test-takers to practice with authentic materials and expose themselves to a variety of accents, speech rates, and contexts This helped them develop their listening comprehension abilities and become more adept at processing spoken English in real-timeOverall, the listening section of the 2019 English Proficiency Test (Level 4) aimed to comprehensively assess the test-takers' proficiency in understanding spoken English across a range ofsituations and academic disciplines thereby ensuring that they possessed the necessary listening skills to effectively communicate and succeed in English-language environments。
专四2020真题及答案解析听力
专四2020真题及答案解析听力年真题听力及答案解析2020年的专业四级考试已经结束，其中听力部分一直是考生们的重点关注的内容之一。
为了帮助广大考生更好地了解年真题听力部分内容，并进行答案解析，本文将对听力部分内容进行详细分析。
第一篇听力：本篇听力主要围绕环保话题展开。
对于全球各地的环境保护问题，一直以来都备受关注。
在这篇听力中，先是介绍了环境保护的重要性，然后讲述了一些相关的具体措施。
第一题答案：B解析：在听力中，提到了地球上的动植物正面临许多威胁，比如物种消失等。
根据听力内容，我们可以确定，这些威胁是因为环境的恶化而导致的。
第二题答案：C解析：根据听力内容，我们可以确定这个问题是围绕环境保护的具体措施展开的。
听到“solution”，“recycling”和“consumer behavior”等词语，可以判断C选项是正确的。
第三题答案：A解析：在听力中提到了现在一些公司越来越积极地参与到环保行动中，采取了一些措施。
因此，可以推断出选项A是正确的。
第二篇听力：本篇听力主要讨论了人类与动物之间的关系。
从听力中的描述可以看出，有些动物因为人类活动而面临灭绝的危险。
对此，人们对如何保护这些动物产生了不同的意见。
第一题答案：B解析：在听力中提到了狄士尼乐园洛杉矶分园将关闭海豚表演，可以确定为其原因是因为公众对动物福利的关注。
第二题答案：D解析：听力中提到了人们主要关注两个问题：一个是动物福利，另一个是如何保护野生动物。
因此可以判断选项D是正确的。
第三题答案：C解析：在听力中，提到了一些保护动物的方法，比如加强执法、建立野生动物保护区等。
因此可以判断选项C是正确的。
第三篇听力：本篇听力讨论了科技对社会的影响。
科技的快速发展给人们的生活带来了很多便利，但也引发了一些与此相关的问题。
第一题答案：A解析：听力中提到了在信息时代，人们面临着很多选择，容易导致焦虑。
可以推测选项A是正确的。
第二题答案：D解析：听力中讲到了使用智能手机已经成为人们生活中的一部分，还提到了智能手机成瘾这个问题。
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专业英语四级（听力）-试卷206(总分：80.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、 LISTENING COMPREHENSION(总题数：4，分数：80.00)1.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION（分数：20.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：2.SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.（分数：20.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：Academic Titles at US Colleges I. Tenure professorsA 【T1】1is usually needed 【T1】2The appointment is【T2】 3【T2】 4They can't be【T3】 5【T3】 6II.【T4】 7【T4】 8The first job on the tenure track【T5】 9years to gain tenure【T5】 10If tenure is【T6】 11, they have to find another job 【T6】12Ⅲ.【T7】13【T7】14Assistant professors who receive tenureIV. Adjunct professorsTeach for a【T8】15【T8】16Lower pay and no【T9】17【T9】18Account for 68% of all teacher appointmentspartly because of【T10】 19【T10】 20Have no time or support to help studentsV. Visiting professorsGet a job at one school but works at anotherVI. LecturersTeach classesA doctorate is not a necessary conditionAcademic Titles at US Colleges I. Tenure professorsA 【T1】 21is usually needed 【T1】 22The appointment is【T2】 23【T2】 24They can't be【T3】 25【T3】 26II.【T4】 27【T4】 28The first job on the tenure track【T5】 29years to gain tenure【T5】 30If tenure is【T6】 31, they have to find another job【T6】32Ⅲ.【T7】33【T7】34Assistant professors who receive tenureIV. Adjunct professorsTeach for a【T8】 35【T8】 36Lower pay and no【T9】 37【T9】 38Account for 68% of all teacher appointmentspartly because of【T10】39【T10】40Have no time or support to help studentsV. Visiting professorsGet a job at one school but works at anotherVI. LecturersTeach classesA doctorate is not a necessary condition（分数：20.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：doctoral degree/doctor degree/doctorate）解析：解析：本题考查成为终身聘用教授的必备条件之一。
录音开头提到美国大学学术头衔很多，不是每个人都是教授，教授通常需要博士学位，因此填入doctoral degree，也可填入doctor degree或doctorate，表示“博士学位”。
(2).【T2】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：permanent）解析：解析：录音提到，tenure professors属于永久性聘任。
所以本空需填入permanent，表示“永久的，持久的”。
(3).【T3】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：dismissed/fired）解析：解析：录音提到终身聘用教授不能随随便便解雇，聘期是长期的。
故填入dismissed或fired，表示“解雇”。
(4).【T4】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：Assistant professors）解析：解析：本题考查某个学术职称。
录音提到，从聘任之初开始，打算成为终身教授的人可以说是“走上了终身教授的道路”，而在这条道路上第一份工作就是助理教授，标题下的内容The first job on the tenure track与之意思一致。
因此填入Assistant professors，注意首字母要大写，名词要用复数形式。
(5).【T5】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：Five to seven／5-7）解析：解析：本题考查助理教授需要多少年才能成为终身教授。
录音提到，助理教授通常需要5-7年才能获得永久性聘任，成为终生教授，所以此空填入Five to seven或5-7。
(6).【T6】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：denied／refused）解析：解析：本题考查助理教授在什么情况下需要再找一份工作。
录音提到，在这期间其他教职工会考核其工作。
争取终身职位的助理教授会因为要发表研究成果而倍感压力。
如果被拒绝终身聘任，通常有一年的时间来找工作。
因此填入denied或refused。
(7).【T7】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：Associate professors）解析：解析：本题考查某个学术职称。
录音提到当助理教授获得永久性聘任后就成为副教授。
因此填入Associate professors，注意首字母要大写，名词要用复数形式。
(8).【T8】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：limited time/semester）解析：解析：本题考查与兼职教授相关的内容。
录音提及兼职教授的聘期有限，一般是一个学期。
这里可以填limited time或semester。
(9).【T9】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：job security）解析：解析：本题考查内容与兼职教授的待遇有关。
录音提到，兼职教授虽然也有博士学位，但是一般他们的收入要比终身教授低，而且没有工作保障。
因此填入job security，表示“工作保障”。
(10).【T10】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：low budgets）解析：解析：本题考查68％的老师是兼职教授的原因。
录音提到美国高校有68％的老师是兼职教授，其中一个原因是低预算(low budgets)，另一个原因是可根据课程的多少或热门程度进行更换老师的自由(having the freedom to change teachers)。
讲座每空填入的词不得多于3词，因此填入low budgets最为恰当。
Comparing the TOEFL, IELTS, and TOEIC Tests Three popular standardized tests of Englisha) TOEICtests【T1】1in international workplace【T1】2started in the 1970srequires no special business terms and questions have to do with【T2】 3【T2】 4【T3】 5organizations in 150 countries use it【T3】6b) TOEFL【T4】7: for international student admissions【T4】8TOEFL ITP: used in【T5】9【T5】10not accepted for entrance to universitiesTOEFL Junior/Primary Test: for young English learnersc) IELTShas two formstopics and materials IELTS covered:The Academic IELTS: in undergraduate, graduate, or【T6】11【T6】12The【T7】13IELTS: from everyday books, newspapers, magazines【T7】 14A student's view of the Speaking section in TOEFL and the IELTSIELTS:【T8】15interview【T8】16TOEFL IBT: record【T9】17 using a compute【T9】18TOEFL IBT was more【T10】19 than IELTS【T10】 20Comparing the TOEFL, IELTS, and TOEIC Tests Three popular standardized tests of Englisha) TOEICtests【T1】 21in international workplace【T1】 22started in the 1970srequires no special business terms and questions have to do with【T2】23【T2】24【T3】25organizations in 150 countries use it【T3】 26b) TOEFL【T4】 27: for international student admissions【T4】 28TOEFL ITP: used in【T5】29【T5】30not accepted for entrance to universitiesTOEFL Junior/Primary Test: for young English learnersc) IELTShas two formstopics and materials IELTS covered:The Academic IELTS: in undergraduate, graduate, or【T6】31【T6】32The【T7】33IELTS: from everyday books, newspapers, magazines【T7】 34A student's view of the Speaking section in TOEFL and the IELTSIELTS:【T8】35interview【T8】36TOEFL IBT: record【T9】37 using a compute【T9】38TOEFL IBT was more【T10】39 than IELTS【T10】 40（分数：20.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：everyday English skills）解析：解析：本题与托业(TOEIC)考查的技能相关。