考研翻译冲刺必背单词唐静

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唐静-强化翻译笔记

唐静-强化翻译笔记

考研英语强化翻译——第一讲一、考研翻译的重要性略二、翻译的课程安排。

总共5次课,每次课2.5个小时,总共12.5小时,每2.5小时休息十分钟完成事情:1、基础知识2、所有问题用什么资料来复习考研翻译,怎么复习考研翻译考研翻译画线句子里面代词不要翻译my不要翻译出来。

例:I put my hand into my pocket. m y画线句子里面人名、地名、大写的国家名称要不要要翻译。

3、讲义中的真题讲解从96年讲到05年,不讲06-09年的题(它们与近些年的题难度相当),留在考前20天再做。

三、考研翻译的题型什么是考研翻译的所有问题?1、弄清什么是考研翻译考研翻译的题型分两个方面说:大的方面和小的方面大的方面——主观题a. 什么是主观题?用笔写汉字,不要抄英语b. 书写工整小的方面——阅读理解试卷共三道大题:1、完型填空但不要先做完型填空,不一定按照试卷顺序做2、阅读理解1)大阅读,一长篇文章共40分2)新题型,7选5 3)翻译题型要求Part C: Translation Directions: Please read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. 在翻译划线的五句话之前,没有没必有通读全文?不用读文章,直奔主题划线句子3、写作命题原则评分标准2、怎么做考研翻译四、考研翻译的命题原则■翻译命题原则(1)所选择的题材偏向专业领域的学术文献例如:09年考的是教育学(education )出处:杜威《Democracy and Education 》 发表于1916年04年考的沃尔夫的预言假说年考的沃尔夫的预言假说03年考的人类学、关于人、关于社会、关于文化定义之类的文章年考的人类学、关于人、关于社会、关于文化定义之类的文章96年——社会发展的区别年——社会发展的区别97年——动物的权利保护年——动物的权利保护98年——天体物理学中的大爆炸理论年——天体物理学中的大爆炸理论99年——历史研究的方法轮年——历史研究的方法轮00年——政府的宏观调控年——政府的宏观调控01年——人工智能的发展年——人工智能的发展02年——行为科学年——行为科学03年——人类学年——人类学04年——语言学年——语言学05年——传媒领域年——传媒领域06年——美国知识分子的作用年——美国知识分子的作用07年——法学在新闻报道中的作用年——法学在新闻报道中的作用08年——达尔文的思想及其变化年——达尔文的思想及其变化09年——教育学年——教育学(2)所选择的话题偏向文科等社会科学领域)所选择的话题偏向文科等社会科学领域考研翻译的话题有没有重复考过?考研翻译的话题有没有重复考过? 没有没有如:考古学、建筑学、精神病学如:考古学、建筑学、精神病学(3)所选择的划线句总是长难句(平均长度为30个单词左右,多数为35个以上,最长的为58个词)个词)■ 评分标准考研英语强化翻译——第二讲一、考研英语的评分标准评分标准就是翻译的标准。

翻译完型新题型技巧

翻译完型新题型技巧

一般来说去年的考试很多同学7分左右是没有问题的,去年的平均分数已经到了5分左右。
网友:请唐老师介绍一下,考生做翻译时候常犯的错误有哪些呢?
唐静:有两大错误,第一个单词引起的错误,我害怕词汇量大的人,他往往以为自己记的意思就是翻译中的意思,汉语是一种语言,英语是一种语言,把英语转换成汉语就要以中国人的方式说话,翻译是最好拿分的,所以一定要注意单词问题,一定要看上下文,根据中国人说话的方式说话。
网友:能不能介绍一下考场上考生做完型填空的时候,应该注意什么问题?
李玉技:如果说你在最后这两天复习完型填空比较到位的话,有可能卷子出来就可以直接做完型填空,如果觉得有点难度,建议不要先做完型填空,因为很多考生背了很多模板、范文,可以先做作文,然后再做完型填空,完型填空是一个慢热的过程,完型填空有20个空,考的比较散,建议先做其他的题再做完型填空,做完型填空的时候一定要牢牢把握住真题,这是我给各位考生提的建议,当然还建议注意一系列的蒙题技巧东西。
单词量小的同学有点紧张,怎么做呢?记住我讲的,按照顺序做就可以了。还有一个问题是句子结构理不清,所以一定要分析句子的结构,理解语法结构,找着这块是定语从句吗?状语从句吗?第三个容易混淆的是如果碰到定语从句,我们说定语从句有两种翻译方法:一个是前置,一个是后置,汉语的定于总是在名词的前面,但是考研翻译的大多数定语从句,90%的定语从句都应该放在名词的后面翻译。所以一般定语从句本来太长,太复杂搬到后面去,可是你搬到前面的话显的太累赘了,就不通顺就很难达到考研英语的标准。所以为了稳妥起见,所有的定语从句最稳妥的方式直接放在后面翻译,哪怕是可以放在前面翻译的也可以放在后面。比如“我喜欢那个学生,他很可爱”,一般翻译成“我喜欢那个可爱的学生”,一般来说“可爱的”可以后置,这是定语从句翻译犯的错误。

2010年新东方【唐静】考研英语一翻译题详细分析

2010年新东方【唐静】考研英语一翻译题详细分析

4.insects would eat us up of birds failed to control them是to the effect that...所带的从句,本身也是一个复杂句,但是很好翻译,结构简单,意义清晰。但是必须要指出两点。其一,eat us up,可以直译为“把我们吃光”,因为汉语语言本身不具有逻辑,比如汉语我们可以说“他今天把我吃垮了——言下之意是:我请客,他今天吃得够猛,价格还很贵”;所以这个译文应该是正确的。但是“虫子是不能吃人的”,所以我以为最好翻译为:吃光一切东西。其二,fail这个词,千万不要翻译为“失败”,可以翻译为“不能做...”。当然,代词them术语第三人称代词,最好指代明确,它指的是前面的这些“虫子”。
考完了,奋斗过了,经历过了。该歇会,收拾心情,准备下一次奋斗。——唐静上
One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its inteyrity, they are entitled to continuance.
分析:
1.划线部分是整个句子的后半个并列句,前面还有一个小句子,意思是说:我们还不具有一种土地伦理意识。But并列了后半个句子。We have at least drawn nearer the point是主干部分,比较好翻译:我们更起码接近了一点,得出了一种观点。

新东方【唐静】考研英语翻译必备单词

新东方【唐静】考研英语翻译必备单词

2008年46) believe, assert, claim, argue, assume, maintain, contend, point out, be convinced that, accept, prove, demonstrate, validate, state, scribe, tell, show, consider, opine, difficulty, difficult, compensate, compensate for, advantage, advantageous, advance, force, strength, power, thus, therefore, hence, enable, detect, detector, error, mistake, false, flaw, shortcoming, reason, reasoned, reasoning, reasonable, observe, observation, observer;47) follow, pure, purely, abstract, concrete, limit, confine, certain;48) as well, as well as, found, charge, change, critics, criticize, critical, criticism, while;49) add, addition, in addition, additional, tradition, traditional, humble, humbly, perhaps, possible, possibly, probable, probably, superior, superior to, super, inferior, inferior to, common, ordinary, banal, notice, attention, escape, carefully, careful, care, take care of;50) loss, lose (lost), at a loss, take a loss, injurious, injure, injury, intellect, intellectual, intelligence, wisdom, moral, virtue, virtually, virtual, character, characterize, characteristic;07年6) legal, law, preserve, conserve, institution, constitution, view, view…as, regard…as, take…as, see…as, special, specialize, specific, especial, especially; peculiar, peculiar t o, particular, particularly, rather than, necessary, essential, essence, critical, significant, significance, equipment, equip, facility;47) link, connect, connection, on the other, on the other hand, on the one hand, concept, notion, real, reality, in a way, in a manner, in a form, parallel, parallel to, journal, journalist, base, basic, basis, comment, comment on, cover;48) idea, profound, profoundly, far-reaching, citizen, rest on/upon, rely on, depend on/upon, responsible, responsibility, be held responsible for, response, media, news media, news agency, establish, established, establishment, convention;49) grasp, have a grasp of, command, have a good command of, feature, competent, competition, competitive, compete,50) reaction, react, action, in action, interaction, enhance, promotion, promote, preferable, prefer, infer, confer, favor, flavor, favorite, judge, judgment, make judgments of;06年46) define, definition, define…as…, select, elect, individual, active, activity, primary, duty, thinking, thought;47) analogous, analogous to, analyze, analysis, function, obligation, be obliged to do sth., be obliged to sb., obligate, be obligated to do sth., clear, course, cause, lead to, reveal, decision, decisive, decide;48) exclude, exclusive, include, conclude, conclusion, contribute, contribution, contribute to, make contribution to, distribute, distribution, accomplishment, accomplish, complete, solution, solve, resolve, be charged with, approach, aspect, inspect, expect, respect, expect, task;49) code, rule, dedicate, dedicate to, govern, government, energy, conduct, conduction, production, produce, explore, exploration; more than, less than, no more than, no less than, more than +数字, more than +名词/动词, more than +形容词/副词, no more than=no any more than;50) independent, independence, interdependence, reflect, reflection, make reflection on, earn, involve, salary;05年46) television, means, feeling, convey, connect, nation, create, invent, event, recent;47) multi-media, increase, increasingly, bring, publish, in relation to, relation, relate, related to, concern, concerning;48) alone, only, survive, underline, undergo, undertake, undermine, state, statistics, loss, take a loss, at a loss,49) identify, identity, respect, expect, aspect, represent, present, presentation, fabricate, fabric, continent, task, demand, choose, choice, strategic, policy;50) deal with, deal, challenge, scale, on…scale, exaggeration, it is no exaggeration to say…, unite, unity, divide;04年61) structure, instruction, instrument, construction, process, procedure, schedule, real, reality, realize, diversity, diverse, philosophy, philosopher;62) grateful, gratitude, different from, vanish, abolish, assimilate, similar, native, local;63) describ e, description, strike, striking, remark, remarkable, accuse, accuse…of…, data, date;64) interested in, relationship, relative, relatively, determine, habit, habitual, though;65) come to, believe in, a sort of, linguistics, physics, psychology, aesthetics, art, fine art, archaeology, anthropology, economy, psychiatry, law, media, cross-culture, mathematics, math, physician, chemistry, humanity, form, formula, formulate, grammar, pattern, produce, consequence, consequently;03年61) furthermore, further, ability, able, enable, inability, modify, change, charge, exchange, environment, deteriorate, subject, reject, refuse, fancy;62) branch, inquire, acquire, require, endeavor, order, disorder, system, passion, seek, scientific, science, phenomenon;63) combine, integrate, integration, perspective, unique, distinct, distinctly;64) complex, complicated, sophisticated, include, conclude, exclude, conclusion, custom, consume, consumer. Simple, simplicity, implicit, explicit;65) make…possible, res earch;02年61) almost, behavior, trait, trace;62) explain, explanation, explanatory, item, hard, remain, obscure;63) evolution, revolution, innovation, invention, invest, investigation, recognize;64) possess, possession, govern, government, theory, essential, credit, achieve, achievement, conduct, conduction;65) until, till, issue,01年71) chat, host, hold, pollution, containment;72) personality, personnel, personal, relax, relaxation, recreation, digital;73) breakthrough, break out, breakout, out-break, outset, take place, discover;74) ultimate, terminate, termination, century, millennium, decade, thousands of, hundreds of, for the better part of decade, half, quarter, triple, double;75) home, demotic, exotic, apply, apply to, application, appliance, control, operate, operation, cooperation, corporation, company;2000年71) condition, situation, circumstance, situate, vary, varying, various, variety, variety of, expert;72) obvious, ambiguous, be bound up with, bind, efficient, efficiency, industry, agriculture, horticulture, in turn, effort, all kinds;73) owing to, remarkable, mass, communication, community, expose, be exposed to, introduce, for the reason given above;74) pattern, spread, or so;75) stress, migrate, migration, arise from, arise, rise, give rise to, raise,1999年71) while, almost, historian, history, practice, conform, conform to, inform, uniform, attempt;72) valid, validate, validity, discipline, code, rule, intern, extern, quarrel, among;73) transfer, transparent, augment, argument, design, interpret, interpretation, evidence, evident;74) agreement, refer to, in general, generally, generally speaking, largely, appropriate, inappropriate;75) equal, equally, equate, equate…with, sou rce, resource, activity, animate, animation; 1998年71) look into, exist, exit, existence, resident, residence, citizen;72) giant, enormous, virtually, virtual, virtue, put forward, propose, dominant;73) report, finding;74) triumph;75) odd, sound, inflation, inflate, plausible, elementary, primary;1997年71) actually, in fact, account, accountant;72) contract, entitle, title, entitlement;73) discuss, discussion, consider, consideration, either…or, neither…nor, whether…or, extend, extend to, treat;74) relevant, extreme, choose, choice;75) encourage, instinct;1996年71) cause, complete, result, result from, result in, to some extent, accelerate;72) trend, detail, in detail;73) support, an amount of, goal, immediate;74) elegant, elegance, in principle, principal, fascinate, delight;75) standard, criterion;1995年71) target, attack, in doing sth., divert, diversion, competent, incompetent, competition, competitive;72) predict, prediction, reliable, skill;73) experiment, experience, avail, available, comparative, compare, contrast;74) quality, precise;75) favorable, favor; youngster, tell;1994年71) not so much…as, as…as, not so…as, through, insight, welfare, health, worth, genius, improve, tool;72) contend, as we call it, number, numerable, innumerable, expand, a series of, direction, direct;73) ignore, careless, fundamental;74) revolve;75) finance, financial, vice versa, etc, et al.。

新东方考研翻译唐静老师笔记(十一)

新东方考研翻译唐静老师笔记(十一)

新东⽅考研翻译唐静⽼师笔记(⼗⼀)**状语和状语从句英语中状语和状语从句常常可以直接翻译。

有时候需要把时间、条件、⽬的和原因状语从句翻译在主句之前。

状语翻译的最佳位置是在主语后、动词前。

时间翻译在前⾯,地点翻译在后⾯。

如果分词短语作状语在英语句⼦最前⾯的时候常常增加逻辑主语在翻译。

例:①01(75)And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout ofa new psychological disorder---kitchen rage.i、个⼈⽣词:appliance ⽤具,器具(home appliances 家⽤器具)smart ⼩巧,精巧,智能化result in 导致breakout 爆发psychological ⼼理的disorder 混乱rage 狂暴,精神错乱kitchen rage 厨房综合症,厨房狂躁ii、⽅法:”so…that”结果状语从句“如此(太),以⾄于”iii、其他tips:a、”result in the breakout of new psychological disorder---kitchen rage.”注意翻译顺序,从后往前,最后翻译”kitchen rage”iv、参考译⽂:⽽且家⽤器具也将变得如此智能化,以⾄于控制和操作它们将会引发⼀种新的⼼理上的爆发(疾病)---厨房狂躁②02(65)Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.i、个⼈⽣词:issue 问题resolve 解决technology 技术(⼿段)behavior ⾏为reject 排斥ii、⽅法:until引导的条件状语从句,这⾥可以翻译为“如果不”iii、其他tips:a、 “with it” 翻译为“随之”b、 “and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems”这句话省略了谓语”will continue to be rejected”(前后句是并列结构)c、 “a technology of behavior”翻译为“(研究)⾏为的技术(⼿段)”。

唐静翻译笔记(全)

唐静翻译笔记(全)

考博翻译最难做。

(1)翻译是主观题。

(2)做翻译需要单词基础,语法基础,阅读基础和强大的汉语功底。

例:本次旅行有北京、上海等地。

This trip/travel/tour includes Beijing and Shanghai.(3)各所学校的命题非常不稳定。

[/p][p=30, 2, center]英译汉[/p][p=30, 2, center]考博翻译的概述[/p][p=30, 2, left]翻译你做过吗?做翻译不是看翻译Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe. 在联系不同的民族和国家方面,电视或许以前从来没有像在最近欧洲事件中其如此大的作用。

在联系不同的民族和国家方面,电视像在最近欧洲事件中起的作用之大前所未见。

[/p][p=30, 2, center]怎么做英译汉[/p][p=30, 2, left]One might ask why speculation is permitted when there is so real a danger of loss. The basic reason is that speculation can perform useful functions in the market equilibrium and encourages faster entry of more suppliers. If the price change lagged until after an actual commodity shortage had occurred, the fluctuation would probably be sharper and more sudden. Remedial supply action could not be further delayed. Similarly, if speculators foresee a surplus in some commodity, their selling of futures will help drive the price down to some extent before the surplus actually occurs. When speculators foresee a shortage and bid up the price, they are also helping to conserve the present supply. As the price goes up, less of the commodity is purchased; a rise in price encourages users to economize. Similarly, a lowering of price encourages users to buy more, thus helping to sell the surplus which is developing.[/p][p=30, 2, left] The Renaissance embraced, first of all, an impressive record of new achievements in art, literature, science, philosophy, education and religion. Although the foundation of many of these was classical, they soon expanded beyond the measure of Greek and Roman influence. Indeed, many of the achievements in painting, science, politics and religion bore little relation to the classical heritage. Secondly, the Renaissance incorporated a number of dominant ideas and attitudes that gave it the impress of a unique society. Notable among these in general were optimism, and individualism; but the most significant of them all was humanism. In its broadest meaning humanism may be defined as emphasis on the human values.[/p][p=30, 2, left]It was a term derived from Cicero, who used it in the sense of devotion to the liberal arts, or the subjects most compatible with the dignity of man. The humanists rejected the Scholastic philosophy with its preoccupation with theology and logic. They strove for a smooth and elegant style that would appeal more to the aesthetic than to the rational side of man's nature.[/p][p=30, 2, left]翻译的步骤:一、画竖线目的:初步断开句子结构,化繁为简原则:1、拆出主句,分清从句;2、拆出主干,分清修饰;最佳方式:找断句点(1)连词;(2)引导词;(3)介词;(4)分词;(5)to;(6)标点符号;[/p][p=30, 2, left](79)We accept and welcome, therefore, as conditions to which we must accommodate ourselves, great inequality of environment; the concentration of business, industrial and commercial, in the hands of a few; and the law of competition between these, as being not only beneficial to the future progress of the race.[/p][p=30, 2, left]二、写汉字:以每一小节作为单位来写汉字目的:初步了解每一个小结构的意思;[/p][p=30, 2, left](79)We accept and welcome, therefore, as conditions to which we must accommodate ourselves, great inequality of environment; the concentration of business, industrial and commercial, in the hands of a few; and the law of competition between these, as being not only beneficial to the future progress of the race.[/p][p=30, 2, left]三、连汉字目的:把每一小节连接成为通顺的句子;需要适当地调整顺序,或者把一些不通顺的词语替换掉。

唐静翻译必背800词

唐静翻译必背800词
in advance 预先,提前, 事先
/ədˈvæntɪdʒ/
n. 优势;利益
take advantage of 利用
vi. 获利
vt. 有利于;使处于优 势
advocate /ˈædvəkeɪt/
v. 提倡,拥护 n. 拥护者;辩护者
Advocate Science 崇 尚 科学
aesthetics
词 striking 我并没有列举,因为这二者意思完全可以根据构词法知道,而不至于弄错。
: A 字母开头 (20 单词)
众号 alliance 公 ambiguous
allocate ambition
alone amend
alter among
alternative amount
analogous
analyze
vt. 增加,添加 n. 加法
adj. 充足的;适当的
adj. 邻近的,毗连的 n. 管理;行政
adj. 成年的;成熟的 n. 成年人 n. 发展;前进 vt. 提出;预付 vi. 前进;进展 adj. 预先的;先行的
adequate for 足够的,适 合 adjacent sea 近海;邻海 administration building 行政办公楼 young adult 年轻人
/ɛs'θɛtɪks/
n. 美学;美的哲学 aesthetic appreciation 审
affect
/əˈfekt/
美 vt. 影响;感染
vi. 倾向;喜欢
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考研翻译笔记唐静

考研翻译笔记唐静

(一)考研翻译的解题“奥秘”做真题做翻译=写汉字Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed-----and perhaps never before has it serve d so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe.电视是一种激发和传递这些感情的方式。

在联系不同民族和国家方面,电视也许以前从没有起如此大的作用像在最近几次欧洲事件中。

means:方式by means of by modern means of transportCreate:激发create feelingsServe:起作用Peoples:民族(二)考研翻译的题型、命题原则和考试内容1、考研翻译的题型1大的方面:主观题汉字书写工整2小的方面:阅读题没有必要通读全文有些情况下,需要阅读划线句子的上下文划线句子有代词,需要读上下文2、考研翻译的命题原则1体裁偏向学术文献,比较抽象2题材偏向文科领域3划线的句子长30个字左右,为长难句3、考研翻译的考试内容=考点1考察专有名词、词组和多义词的解释专有名词:人名、地名、国家名称、组织机构名称、术语专业术语(常识性质的专有名词):Big Bang大爆炸理论SARS非典学科术语:anthropological 人类学的linguistics 语言学词组:as…as by means of例如,home appliances 家用电器die out 灭绝多义词:before serve life熟词生意:set 集,集合offend 排污超标particle 粒子生词:超纲词2考察一般性翻译技巧包括:词序调整、词义选择A词序调整:即改变英语单词在汉语译文中的先后顺序例如,I studied very hard in the classroom at 6 every morning.我每天早上六点钟在教室认真地学习。

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08年46) believe, assert, claim, argue, assume, maintain, contend, point out, be convinced that, accept, prove, demonstrate, validate, state, scribe, tell, show, consider, opine, difficulty, difficult, compensate, compensate for, advantage, advantageous, advance, force, strength, power, thus, therefore, hence, enable, detect, detector, error, mistake, false, flaw, shortcoming, reason, reasoned, reasoning, reasonable, observe, observation, observer;47) follow, pure, purely, abstract, concrete, limit, confine, certain;48) as well, as well as, found, charge, change, critics, criticize, critical, criticism, while;49) add, addition, in addition, additional, tradition, traditional, humble, humbly, perhaps, possible, possibly, probable, probably, superior, superior to, super, inferior, inferior to, common, ordinary, banal, notice, attention, escape, carefully, careful, care, take care of;50) loss, lose (lost), at a loss, take a loss, injurious, injure, injury, intellect, intellectual, intelligence, wisdom, moral, virtue, virtually, virtual, character, characterize, characteristic;07年46) legal, law, preserve, conserve, institution, constitution, view, view…as, regard…as, take…as, see…as, special, specialize, specific, especial, especially; peculiar, peculiar to, particular, particularly, rather than, necessary, essential, essence, critical, significant, significance, equipment, equip, facility;47) link, connect, connection, on the other, on the other hand, on the one hand, concept, notion, real, reality, in a way, in a manner, in a form, parallel, parallel to, journal, journalist, base, basic, basis, comment, comment on, cover;48) idea, profound, profoundly, far-reaching, citizen, rest on/upon, rely on, depend on/upon, responsible, responsibility, be held responsible for, response, media, news media, news agency, establish, established, establishment, convention;49) grasp, have a grasp of, command, have a good command of, feature, competent, competition, competitive, compete,50) reaction, react, action, in action, interaction, enhance, promotion, promote, preferable, prefer, infer, confer, favor, flavor, favorite, judge, judgment, make judgments of;06年46) define, definition, define…as…, select, elect, individual, active, activity, primary, duty, thinking, thought;47) analogous, analogous to, analyze, analysis, function, obligation, be obliged to do sth., be obliged to sb., obligate, be obligated to do sth., clear, course, cause, lead to, reveal, decision, decisive, decide;48) exclude, exclusive, include, conclude, conclusion, contribute, contribution, contribute to, make contribution to, distribute, distribution, accomplishment, accomplish, complete, solution, solve, resolve, be charged with, approach, aspect, inspect, expect, respect, expect, task;49) code, rule, dedicate, dedicate to, govern, government, energy, conduct, conduction, production, produce, explore, exploration; more than, less than, no more than, no less than, more than +数字, more than +名词/动词, more than +形容词/副词, no more than=no any more than;50) independent, independence, interdependence, reflect, reflection, make reflection on, earn, involve, salary;05年46) television, means, feeling, convey, connect, nation, create, invent, event, recent;47) multi-media, increase, increasingly, bring, publish, in relation to, relation, relate, related to, concern, concerning;48) alone, only, survive, underline, undergo, undertake, undermine, state, statistics, loss, take a loss, at a loss,49) identify, identity, respect, expect, aspect, represent, present, presentation, fabricate, fabric, continent, task, demand, choose, choice, strategic, policy;50) deal with, deal, challenge, scale, on…scale, exaggeration, it is no exaggeration to say…, unite, unity, divide;04年61) structure, instruction, instrument, construction, process, procedure, schedule, real, reality, realize, diversity, diverse, philosophy, philosopher;62) grateful, gratitude, different from, vanish, abolish, assimilate, similar, native, local;63) describe, description, strike, striking, remark, remarkable, accuse, accuse…of…, data, date;64) interested in, relationship, relative, relatively, determine, habit, habitual, though;65) come to, believe in, a sort of, linguistics, physics, psychology, aesthetics, art, fine art, archaeology, anthropology, economy, psychiatry, law, media, cross-culture, mathematics, math, physician, chemistry, humanity, form, formula, formulate, grammar, pattern, produce, consequence, consequently;03年61) furthermore, further, ability, able, enable, inability, modify, change, charge, exchange, environment, deteriorate, subject, reject, refuse, fancy;62) branch, inquire, acquire, require, endeavor, order, disorder, system, passion, seek, scientific, science, phenomenon;63) combine, integrate, integration, perspective, unique, distinct, distinctly;64) complex, complicated, sophisticated, include, conclude, exclude, conclusion, custom, consume, consumer. Simple, simplicity, implicit, explicit;65) make…possible, research;02年61) almost, behavior, trait, trace;62) explain, explanation, explanatory, item, hard, remain, obscure;63) evolution, revolution, innovation, invention, invest, investigation, recognize;64) possess, possession, govern, government, theory, essential, credit, achieve, achievement, conduct, conduction;65) until, till, issue01年71) chat, host, hold, pollution, containment;72) personality, personnel, personal, relax, relaxation, recreation, digital;73) breakthrough, break out, breakout, out-break, outset, take place, discover;74) ultimate, terminate, termination, century, millennium, decade, thousands of, hundreds of, for the better part of decade, half, quarter, triple, double;75) home, demotic, exotic, apply, apply to, application, appliance, control, operate, operation, cooperation, corporation, company;2000年71) condition, situation, circumstance, situate, vary, varying, various, variety, variety of, expert;72) obvious, ambiguous, be bound up with, bind, efficient, efficiency, industry, agriculture, horticulture, in turn, effort, all kinds;73) owing to, remarkable, mass, communication, community, expose, be exposed to, introduce, for the reason given above;74) pattern, spread, or so;75) stress, migrate, migration, arise from, arise, rise, give rise to, raise,1999年71) while, almost, historian, history, practice, conform, conform to, inform, uniform, attempt;72) valid, validate, validity, discipline, code, rule, intern, extern, quarrel, among;73) transfer, transparent, augment, argument, design, interpret, interpretation, evidence, evident;74) agreement, refer to, in general, generally, generally speaking, largely, appropriate, inappropriate;75) equal, equally, equate, equate…with, source, resource, activity, animate, animation;1998年71) look into, exist, exit, existence, resident, residence, citizen;72) giant, enormous, virtually, virtual, virtue, put forward, propose, dominant;73) report, finding;74) triumph;75) odd, sound, inflation, inflate, plausible, elementary, primary;1997年71) actually, in fact, account, accountant;72) contract, entitle, title, entitlement;73) discuss, discussion, consider, consideration, either…or, neither…nor, whether…or, extend, extend to, treat;74) relevant, extreme, choose, choice;75) encourage, instinct;1996年71) cause, complete, result, result from, result in, to some extent, accelerate;72) trend, detail, in detail;73) support, an amount of, goal, immediate;74) elegant, elegance, in principle, principal, fascinate, delight;75) standard, criterion;1995年71) target, attack, in doing sth., divert, diversion, competent, incompetent, competition, competitive;72) predict, prediction, reliable, skill;73) experiment, experience, avail, available, comparative, compare, contrast;74) quality, precise;75) favorable, favor; youngster, tell;1994年71) not so much…as, as…as, not so…as, through, insight, welfare, health, worth, genius, improve, tool;72) contend, as we call it, number, numerable, innumerable, expand, a series of, direction, direct;73) ignore, careless, fundamental;74) revolve;75) finance, financial, vice versa, etc, et al.。

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