中南大学724基础英语历年考研试题
中南大学《英语》在线考试题及答案
中南大学《英语（下）》在线考试答案1. Fifty million public school children in America (1) a new school year. The number(1) 1 are starting (2) 2 weak (3) 3 higher (4) 4 on (5) 5 pay (6) 6 property(7) 7 says (8) 8 per (9) 9 receiving (10) 10 many2. Let go love There was once a lonely girl who longed so much for love. One day(1) 1 starving (2) 2 cage (3) 3 strong (4) 4 open (5) 5 that(6) 6 flew (7) 7 horror (8) 8 .for (9) 9 softly (10) 10 keep3. In America schools there is something called Home-coming Day. Many high schools(1) graduation(2) Many weeks before the day(3) To go home to see their family(4) elect or choose(5) The student who is liked most by the others.4. Full-time university students spend all their time studying. They don’t do other(1) Medical students(2) when they graduate(3) live in a universit(4) work for a living in the daytime and study in the evening(5) whose students send their work by post to their tutor5. he sent you to a hospital, but all the advanced equipment there shows that there(1) arrange by turns(2) .When you are in a state of subhealth, you should find out the reasons and relax yourself.(3) they have more pressure in life and work(4) keep relaxed(5) we should have meals with less salt and sugar6. Richard Gray was a famous explorer. He was also a millionaire. He has visited(1) .had traveled all over the world(2) began to search for water in the desert(3) .a large good hote(4) was not permitted to enter the hotel(5) had bought the tie from the man7. In some cities, workholism（废寝忘食地工作）is so common that people don’t Their(1) 1 want (2) 2 hate (3) 3 physical (4) 4 failure (5) 5 efficiently(6) 6 work (7) 7 provide (8) 8 advantages (9) 9 more than (10) 10 made8. Sending text messages from your mobile phone while driving is more dangerous(1)Texting while driving is more dangerous than drink-driving and driving under the influence of drugs(2) The driver feels so excited reading the text on the phone display while driving.(3) Drink-driving(4) The danger of texting while driving and the reasons for(5) .a newspaper report9. The spot at the southwest corner of the house, however, was never going to look(1) .It was something ugly and should be moved away.(2) They were used to having the rock in the yard.(3) The yard didn’t look nice with the rock around the corner.(4) Because it was too easy to dig the rock out.(5) Because they appeared to be great and get others to walk carefully around them just like the rock did.10、 A true apology is more than just acknowledgement（承认1-5，Done，often，ahead，even，expressed，6-10various，.Unless，seized，apology，burst11. Being alone in outer space can be frightening. That is one reason why astronauts1-5busy，However，long，adjustment，shut up，alone，pressure，.handle，choosing12. In America and around the world, Christmas offers many1. The Christmas spirit encourages people to help each other in many ways.2. .By listing important facts.3. .The 2nd sentence4. They all believe that being helpful is one of the greatest virtues in life.5. Salvation Army bell ringers are regular Christmas shoppers., you might be able to live on the moon.In 2020, NASA plans to2020,in 1969,2014, .The agency decided to build a single base and developing several landing sites. The Shackleton crater一．单选. try to () your views by reading 。
考研英语学科试题及答案
考研英语学科试题及答案一、选择题（共20分，每题2分）1. The reason why he didn't attend the meeting was ______.A. because he was illB. that he was illC. he was illD. being ill答案：B2. ______ the book is well worth reading.A. ThatB. WhatC. ItD. As答案：C3. The teacher told us _______.A. the earth moves around the sunB. how the earth moves around the sunC. the earth moves how around the sunD. the earth how moves around the sun答案：A4. She is ______ a good teacher as she is a kind mother.A. soB. asC. suchD. not only答案：B5. ______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. ItB. ThisC. ThatD. There答案：A二、阅读理解（共40分，每篇10分）Passage 1The passage discusses the importance of environmental protection. It mentions that pollution has become a global issue, and everyone should take action to protect the environment.6. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Pollution is a local issue.B. Environmental protection is everyone's responsibility.C. Pollution is a natural phenomenon.D. Environmental protection is unnecessary.答案：B7. According to the passage, what should we do to protect theenvironment?A. Do nothing.B. Take action.C. Ignore the issue.D. Leave it to the government.答案：BPassage 2The passage describes the process of scientific research and emphasizes the importance of collaboration and communication among researchers.8. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The process of scientific research.B. The importance of collaboration.C. The role of communication.D. Both B and C.答案：D9. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a key element in scientific research?A. Experimentation.B. Collaboration.C. Communication.D. Isolation.答案：D三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）In the following passage, there are 10 blanks. For each blank, choose the best word from the four options provided.10. The ______ of the project was delayed due to bad weather.A. implementationB. executionC. operationD. performance答案：A11. The ______ of the company has been growing steadily.A. revenueB. incomeC. profitD. salary答案：A12. She is very ______ in her approach to work.A. meticulousB. casualC. carelessD. lazy答案：A13. The ______ of the new product was a great success.A. launchB. releaseC. introductionD. debut答案：C14. The ______ of the old building was approved by the city council.A. renovationB. constructionC. destructionD. restoration答案：A15. The ______ of the company is expected to increase by 10% this year.A. outputB. productionC. yieldD. outcome答案：A16. The ______ of the experiment was surprising to everyone.A. resultB. consequenceC. effectD. impact答案：A17. The ______ of the meeting was to discuss the budget.A. purposeB. goalC. objectiveD. target答案：A18. The ______ of the book was very engaging.A. contentB. contextC. plotD. storyline答案：C19. The ______ of the company is to provide high-quality products.A. missionB. visionC. aimD. goal答案：A20. The ______ of the project exceeded the initial estimates.A. costB. expenseC. priceD. fee答案：A四、翻译题（共20分，每题10分）21. 请将以下句子翻译成英文。
考研英语真题试卷(8页经典方便打印版)
考研英语真题试卷(8页经典方便打印版)考研英语真题试卷(8页经典方便打印版)答题页码范围：第1页至第8页第1页Section I: Multiple Choice QuestionsDirections: In this section, you will hear short conversations and academic talks. After each conversation or talk, you will be asked about one or more questions. Choose the best answer or answers from the options provided. Mark your answers on the answer sheet.Questions 1-3 are based on the following conversation:M: I can't believe how crowded the library is today. It took me forever to find a study spot.W: I know, right? It's always like this during exam season. I had to come early to secure a seat.1. What is the man's opinion about the library?A. It is too crowded.B. It is a good study spot.C. It is always noisy.D. It is closed during exams.2. What does the woman imply about the library during exam season?A. It is usually empty.B. It is hard to find a seat.C. It is only open in the mornings.D. It is not a suitable place to study.3. What does the woman suggest the man do next time?A. Come early to get a seat.B. Find a different study spot.C. Wait until exam season is over.D. Avoid going to the library.第2页Questions 4-7 are based on the following talk:Good morning everyone. Today, I will be discussing the impact of social media on society. Social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter have become an integral part of our daily lives. They allow us to connect with friends and family, share our experiences, and stay informed about current events.One of the main advantages of social media is its ability to bridge distances. People can communicate with others from different parts of the world, fostering global connections. Additionally, social media has revolutionized the way we receive and consume news. Instead of relying solely on traditional media outlets, individuals can now access news updates in real-time through their social media feeds.However, along with its benefits, social media also poses certain challenges. One such challenge is the spread of misinformation. Due to the lack of gatekeepers, anyone can share information without fact-checking, leading to the circulation of false or misleading content. This can have serious consequences, especially during times of crisis or political unrest.Another concern is the impact of social media on mental health. Constant exposure to carefully curated and filtered posts can create a distorted perception of reality, leading to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem. Moreover, the addictive nature of social media can result in decreased productivity and increased social isolation.In conclusion, social media has both positive and negative effects on society. It has revolutionized communication and access to information, but also poses challenges such as the spread of misinformation and negative impacts on mental health. It is crucial for users to be critical consumers of social media content and maintain a healthy balance between online and offline interactions.4. What is the main topic of the talk?A. The benefits of social media.B. The challenges of social media.C. The global impact of social media.D. The addictive nature of social media.。
中南大学英语学科教学专业真题
中南大学英语学科教学专业真题中南大学333教育综合20XX年真题一名词解释课程、教学、六艺、七艺、学习动机、心智技能二简答题1简述教育的社会流动功能。
2简述王安石的三舍法。
3简述洛克的白板说。
4简述社会规范学习的心理过程。
三分析论述题1教学工作有哪些基本环节？2教师应具备哪些素养？3孔子提出了哪些教学原则和方法？4简要论述和评价卢梭的自然教育理论。
20XX年真题一名词解释教育目的、学科课程、四书五经、颜氏家训、维多里若、学习动机二简答题1简述主要的教学组织形式。
2简述孔子的教学原则。
3简述卢梭的自然主义教育思想。
4简述培养创造性的主要措施。
三论述题1教育具有哪些社会功能？2阐述张之洞的中体西用的教育思想。
3杜威的教思想对中国产生了哪些影响？4阐述人本主义的学生中心观。
20XX年真题一、名词解释活动课程、讲授法、学记、班级授课制、骑士教育、苏湖教法二、简答题1教师需要哪些素养？2人的身心发展主要特点？3苏格拉底法。
4朱熹的读书方法？三、论述题1教学过程中应处理好的关系?2韩愈师说的思想。
3要素主义教育。
4如何培养学生创造性思维？中南大学902教育专业基础20XX年真题一名词解释教学设计、教学设计模式、学习需要、理智技能、布鲁纳、归类分析法、学习态度、校园文化、学校管理制度、科层管理与扁平管理二问答题1简述加涅的五种习得能力。
2皮亚杰的认知发展四阶段说。
3如何理解戴尔的经验之塔。
4简述色吉瓦尼的成功学校。
5信息加工理论对教学设有何影响？6系统的特征。
三论述题1略论孔子因材施教中所包含的科学性和合理性思想。
2教学应该是以儿童为中心还是以学科为中心，请阐述你的观点。
20XX年真题一名词解释教学设计、巴纳赛的教学设计模式、教学目标、言语信息、权变理论、教研组二简答题1古典管理理论2学校管理理论3学校组织机构以及设置4系统教学设计教学与传统教学比较5行为主义理论与认知派学习理论对教学设计影响的比较6简述学习需要的类型三分析论述题1根据自己的学习理论自己设计一门课的教学。
考研英语真题及参考答案完整版()
来源：文都教育Sect ion I Use of En glishDirectio ns:Read the follow ing text. Choose the best word (s) for each nu mbered bla nk and mark A, B, C or Don the ANSWER SHEET. (10 poi nts)Trust is a tricky bus in ess. On the one han d, it's a n ecessary con diti on 1ma ny worthwhile thin gs: childcare, friendships, etc. On the other hand, putting your 2_, in the wrong place often carries a high 3._4, why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good. 5 people place their trust in an in dividual or aninstitution, their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that 6 pleasurable feelings and triggers the herdingin struct that prompts huma ns to 7with one ano ther. Scien tists have found that exposure 8_this horm one putsus in a trust ing 9;_ln a Swiss study, researchers sprayed oxytoci n into the no ses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their 10 who in haled someth ing else.11 for us, we also have a sixth sense for dishonesty that may 12 us. A Canadian study found thatchildre n as young as 14 mon ths can differe ntiate 13_a credible pers on and a disho nest one. Sixty toddlerswere each 14 to an adult tester holding a plastic container. The tester would ask, “ What' s ilook ing into the container, smili ng, and exclaimi ng, “ Wow!” Each subject was_the n in vited to look 15. Hof them found a toy; the other half 16_the container was empty -and realized the tester had _17 them.Among the childre n who had not bee n tricked, the majority were 18 to cooperate with the tester inlearning a new skill, dem on strat ing that they trusted his leadership. 19,_only five of the 30 childre n paired with the _ “ 20 ”tester participated in a foipoactivity.1. [A] on [B] like [C] for [D] from2. [A] faith [B] concern [C] atte ntion [D] in terest3. [A] ben efit [B] debt [C] hope [D] price4. [A] Therefore [B] Then [C] In stead [D] Agai n5. [A]U ntil [B] Un less [C] Although [D] When6. [A] selects [B]produces [C] applies [D] mai ntains7. [A] con sult [B] compete [C] connect [D] compare8. [A] at [B] by [C]of [D]toSection II Readi ng Comprehe nsionPart A Directio ns:Read the follow ing four texts. An swer the questio ns below each text by choos ing A, B, C or D. Mark your an swerson the ANSWER SHEET. (40 poi nts)Text 1Among the annoying challe nges facing the middle class is one that will probably go unmen ti oned in the n ext preside ntial campaig n: What happe ns whe n the robots come for their jobs?Don't dismiss that possibility entirely. About half of . jobs are at high risk of being automated, according to a University of Oxford study, with the middle class disproportionately squeezed. Lower - in come jobs like garde ning or day care don't appeal to robots. But many middle-class occupatio ns-truck ing, finan cial advice, software engin eeri ng — have aroused their in terest, or soon will.The rich own the robots, so they will be fine.This isn't to be alarmist. Optimists point out that tech no logical upheaval has ben efited workers in the past. The In dustrial Revoluti on did n't go so well for Luddites whose jobs were displaced by mecha ni zed looms, but it eventually raised living standards and created more jobs than it destroyed. Likewise, automati on should even tually boost productivity, stimulate dema nd by drivi ng dow n prices, and free10.[A] cou nterparts [B] substitutes 11.[A] Funny [B] Lucky 12.[A] mon itor [B] protect 13.[A] betwee n _| [B] within 14.[A] tra nsferred[B]added15.[A] out [B] back 16.[A] discovered [B] proved 17.[A] betrayed [B]wro nged 18.[A] forced [B] willi ng 19.[A] In con trast[B] As a result 20.[A] in flexible [B] in capable[C] period [D] circle [C] colleagues [D]supporters [C] Odd [D] Ironic [C] surprise [D] delight [C] toward [D] over [C] in troduced[D] en trusted[C] arou nd[D] in side[C] in sisted [D] .remembered [C] fooled [D] mocked [C] hesita nt [D] en titled [C] On the whole [D] For in sta nee[C] unreliable |[D] un suitable9. [A] con text [B] moodworkers from hard, boring work. But in the medium term, middle -class workers may need a lot of help adjusti ng.The first step, as Erik Brynjolfss on and An drew McAfee argue in The Second Mach ine Age, should be rethinking education and job training. Curriculums —from grammar school to college- should evolve to focus less on memorizing facts and more on creativity and complex communication. Vocational schools should do a better job of fostering problem -solving skills and helping students work alongside robots. Online education can supplement the traditional kind. It could make extra training and instruction affordable. Professi on als trying to acquire new skills will be able to do so without going into debt.The challe nge of cop ing with automati on un derl ines the n eed for the . to revive its fadi ng bus in ess dyn amism: Starti ng new compa nies must be made easier. I n previous eras of drastic tech no logical cha nge, en trepre neurs smoothed the tran siti on by dream ing up ways to comb ine labor and mach in es. The best uses of 3D prin ters and virtual reality have n't bee n inven ted yet. The . n eeds the new compa nies that will invent them.Fin ally, because automati on threate ns to wide n the gap betwee n capital in come and labor in come, taxes and the safety net will have to be rethought. Taxes on low-wage labor need to be cut, and wage subsidies such as the earned in come tax credit should be expa nded: This would boost i ncomes, en courage work, reward compa nies for job creati on, and reduce in equality.Tech no logy will improve society in ways big and small over the n ext few years, yet this will be little comfort to those who find their lives and careers upended by automation.Destro ying the mach ines that are coming for our jobs would be nu ts. But policies to help workers adapt will be in dispe nsable.will be most threate ned by automati on?[A] Leadi ng politicia ns.[B] Low -wage laborers.[C] Robot ow ners.[D] Middle -class workers.22 .Which of the following best represent the authors view?[A] Worries about automati on are in fact groun dless.[B] Optimists' opinions on new tech find little support.[C] lssues aris ing from automati on n eed to be tackled[D] Negative con seque nces of new tech can be avoidedin the age of automati on should put more emphasis on[A] creative pote ntial.[B] job -hunting skills.[C] i ndividual n eeds.[D] cooperative spirit.author suggests that tax policies be aimed at[A] en couragi ng the developme nt of automati on.[B] i ncreas ing the retur n on capital in vestme nt.[C] easing the hostility between rich and poor.[D] preve nti ng the in come gap from wide ning.this text, the author prese nts a problem with[A] oppos ing views on it.[B] possible soluti ons to it.[C] its alarmi ng impacts.[D] its major variati ons.Text 2A new survey by Harvard Un iversity finds more tha n two -thirds of young America ns disapprove ofPreside nt Trump ' s use of Twitter. The implicati on is that Mille nni als prefer n ews from the White House to be filtered through other source, Not a preside nt ' s social media platform.Most America ns rely on social media to check daily headli nes. Yet as distrust has rise n toward all media, people may be start ing to beef up their media literacy skills. Such a trend is badly n eeded. During the 2016 presidential campaign, nearly a quarter of web content shared by Twitter users in the politically critical state of Michiga n was fake n ews, accord ing to the Un iversity of Oxford. And a survey con ducted for BuzzFeed News found 44 perce nt of Facebook users rarely or n ever trust n ews from the media gia nt.Young people who are digital n atives are in deed beco ming more skillful at separati ng fact from fictio nin cyberspace. A Knight Foundation focus -group survey of young people between ages 14and24 found they use “ distributed trust 'to verify stories. They cross-check sources and prefer news from different perspectives —especially those that are open about any bias. “ Many young people assume a great deal pers onal resp on sibility for educati ng themselves and actively seek ing out oppos ing viewpo in ts, con cluded.Such active research can have ano ther effect. A 2014 survey con ducted in Australia, Britai n, and theUn ited States by the Uni versity of Wisc onsin -Madis on found that young people s relia nee on social medialed to greater political en gageme nt.Social media allows users to experienee news events more intimately and immediately while also permitting them to re -share news as a projection of their values and interests. This forces users to be more con scious of their role in pass ing along in formatio n. A survey by Barna research group found the top reas on give n by America ns for the fake n ews phe nomenon is “ readeerror, more so tha n made-up stories or factual mistakes in reporting. About a third say the problem of fake news lies in “ misinterpretationor exaggeration of actual news ” via social media. In other words, the choice to share news on social mediamay be the heart of the issue. “ This in dicates there is a real pers onal resp on sibility in coun teract ing this problem, ” says Roxanne Stone, editor in chief at Barna Group.So when young people are critical of an over-tweeti ng preside nt, they reveal a men tal discipli ne in thinking skills - and in their choices on when to share on social media.26. Accord ing to the Paragraphs 1 and 2, many young America ns cast doubts on[A] the justification of the news -filtering practice.[B] people ' s preferenee for social media platforms.[C] the adm ini strati ons ability to han dle in formati on.[D] social media was a reliable source of n ews.27. The phrase “ beer up ”(Line 2, Para. 2) is closest in meaning to[A] sharpe n[B] defi ne[C] boast[D] share28. Accord ing to the kni ght foun dati on survey, young people[A] te nd to voice their opinions in cyberspace.[B] verify n ews by referri ng to diverse resources.[C] have s strong sense of resp on sibility.[D] like to excha nge views on “ distributed trust ”29. The Barna survey found that a main cause for the fake news problem is[A] readers outdated values.[B] jo urn alists biased report ing[C] readers ' misin terpretati on[D] journalists '-umatteies.30. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] A Rise in Critical Skills for Sharing News Online[B] A Counteraction Against the Over -tweeting Trend[C] The Accumulation of Mutual Trust on Social Media.[D] The Platforms for Projectio n of Personal In terests.Text 3Any fair- min ded assessme ntof the dan gers of the deal betwee n Brita in's Nati onal Health Service(NHS) and DeepM ind must start by ack no wledgi ng that both sides mean well. DeepM ind is one of the leading artificial intelligenee (AI) companies in the world. The potential of this work applied to healthcare is very great, but it could also lead to further concen trati on of power in the tech gia nts. It Is aga inst that backgro und that the in formati on commissi oner, Elizabeth Den ham, has issued her damning verdict aga inst the Royal Free hospital trust under the NHS, which handed over to DeepMind the records of million patients In 2015 on the basis of a vague agreement which took far too little account of the patients' rights and their expectatio ns of privacy.DeepMind has almost apologized. The NHS trust has mended its ways. Further arrangement& and there may be many-between the NHS and DeepMind will be carefully scrutinised to ensure that all n ecessary permissi ons have bee n asked of patie nts and all unn ecessary data has bee n clea ned. There are less ons about in formed patie nt consent to learn. But privacy is not the only an gle in this case and not even the most importa nt. Ms Den ham chose to concen trate the blame on the NHS trust, since un der exist ing law it “ con trolled ” the data and DeepM ind merely “ processed" it. But this disti nction misses the point that it isprocess ing and aggregatio n, not the mere possessi on of bits, that gives the data value.The great questi on is who should ben efit from the an alysis of all the data that our lives now gen erate.Privacy law builds on the con cept of damage to an in dividual from ide ntifiable kno wledge about them. That misses the way the surveilla nce economy works. The data of an in dividual there gains its value only whe n it is compared with the data of coun tless milli ons more.The use of privacy law to curb the tech giants in this instance feels slightly maladapted. This practice does not address the real worry. It is not eno ugh to say that the algorithms DeepM ind develops will ben efit patie nts and save lives. What matters is that they will bel ong to a private mono poly which developed them using public resources. If software promises to save lives on the scale that dugs now can, big data may be expected to behave as a big pharm has done. We are still at the beginning of this revolution and small choices now may turn out to have gigantic consequences later. A long struggle will be needed to avoid a future of digital feudalism. Ms Den ham's report is a welcome start.is true of the agreement between the NHS and DeepMind ?[A] It caused con flicts among tech gia nts.[B] It failed to pay due attention to patient s rights.[C] It fell short of the latter's expectatio ns[D] It put both sides into a dangerous situation.32. The NHS trust respo nded to Den ham's verdict with[A] empty promises.[B] tough resista nee.[C] n ecessary adjustme nts.[D] sin cere apologies.author argues in Paragraph 2 that[A] privacy protect ion must be secured at all costs.[B] leak ing patie nts' data is worse tha n selli ng it.[C] making profits from patients' data is illegal.[D] the value of data comes from the processing of it |to the last paragraph, the real worry arising from this deal is[A] the vicious rivalry among big pharmas.[B] the in effective en forceme nt of privacy law.[C] the uncon trolled use of new software.[D] the mon opoly of big data by tech gia nts.author's attitude toward the applicati on of AI to healthcare is[A] ambiguous.[B] cautious.[C] appreciative.[D] con temptuous.Text 4The . Postal Service (USPS) continues to bleed red ink. It reported a net loss of $ billion for fiscal 2016, the 10th straight year its expe nses have exceeded revenue. Mean while, it has more tha n $120 billi on in unfunded liabilities, mostly for employee health and retirement costs. There are many bankruptcies. Fun dame ntally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze betwee n tech no logical cha nge that has perma nen tly decreased dema nd for its bread -an d-butter product, first -class mail, and a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new realityAnd interest groups ranging from postal unions to greeting -card makers exert self -interested pressure on the USPS sultimate overseer-Congress-insisting that whatever else happens to the Postal Service, aspects of the status quo they depe nd on get protected. This is why repeated attempts at reform legislati on have failed in recent years, leaving the Postal Service unable to pay its bills except by deferring vital moder ni zati on.Now comes word that every one in volved ---Democrats, Republica ns, the Postal Service, the unions and the system's heaviest users —hasnally agreed on a plan to fix the system. Legislation is moving through the House that would save USPS an estimated $ billion over five years, which could help pay for new vehicles, among other survival measures. Most of the money would come from a penny-per-letter perma nent rate in crease and from shift ing postal retirees into Medicare. The latter step would largely offset the financial burden of annually pre -funding retiree health care, thus addressing a long -standing complaint by the USPS and its union.If it clears the House, this measure would still have to get through the Sen ate —wheresome one is bound to point out that it amounts to the bare, bare minimum n ecessary to keep the Postal Service afloat, not comprehensive reform. There ' no change to collective bargaining at the USPS, a major omission considering that personnel accounts for 80 percent of the agency ' s costs. Also missing is any discussioelim in at ing Saturday letter delivery. That com mon-sense cha nge enjoys wide public support and would save the USPS $2 billion per year. But postal special -interest groups seem to have killed it, at least in the House. The emerging consensus around the bill is a sign that legislators are getting frightened about a politically embarrassing short-term collapse at the USPS. It is not, however, a sign that they ' getting serious about tran sform ing the postal system for the 21st cen tury.finan cial problem with the USPS is caused partly by[A] . its un bala need budget.[B] .its rigid man ageme nt.[C] .the cost for tech nical upgradi ng.[D] . the withdrawal of bank support.37. Accord ing to Paragraph 2, the USPS fails to moder nize itself due to[A] . the in terfere nee from in terest groups.[B] .the in adequate funding from Con gress.[C] .the shri nking dema nd for postal service.[D] .the in compete nee of postal unions.Ion g-sta nding eompla int by the USPS and its unions can be addressed by[A] .removi ng its burde n of retiree health care.[B] .making more investment in new vehicles.[C] .adopting a new rate -increase mechanism.[D] . attracting more first -class mail users.the last paragraph, the author seems to view legislators with[A] respect.[B] tolera nee.[C] disconten1.1[D] gratitude.of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] The USPS Starts to Miss Its Good Old Days[B] The Postal Service: Keep Away from My Cheese[C] The USPS: Chro nic Ill ness Requires a Quick Cure[D] The Postal Service Needs More than a Band -AidPart BDirectio ns:The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41-45, you are required to reorga nize these paragraphs into a cohere nt article by choos ing from the list A -G and filli ng them into the nu mbered boxes. Paragraphs C and F have bee n correctly placed. Mark your an swers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 poi nts)A. In December of 1869, Con gress appo in ted a commissi on to select a site and prepare pla ns and cost estimates for a new State Departme nt Buildi ng. The commissi on was also to con sider possible arran geme nts for the War and Navy Departme nts. To the horror of some who expected a Greek Revival twin of the Treasury Building to be erected on the other side of the White House, the elaborate French Second Empire style design by Alfred Mullett was selected, and construction of a building to house all three departme nts bega n in June of 1871.B. Completed in 1875, the State Departme nt's south wing was the first to be occupied, with its elega nt four-story library (completed in 1876), Diplomatic Recepti on Room, and Secretary's office decorated with carved wood, Orie ntal rugs, and ste nciled wall patter ns. The Navy Departme nt moved into the east wing in 1879, where elaborate wall and ceiling stenciling and marquetry floors decorated the office of the Secretary.C. The State, War, and Navy Buildi ng, as it was orig in ally known, housed the three Executive Branch Departme nts most in timately associated with formulati ng and con duct ing the n ati on's foreig n policy in thelast quarter of the nineteenth century and the first quarter of the twentieth century-the period when the United States emerged as an international power. The building has housed some of the nation's most sig ni fica nt diplomats and politicia ns and has bee n the scene of many historic even ts.D. Many of the most celebrated n ati onal figures have participated in historical eve nts that have take n place within the EEOB's gra nite walls. Theodore and Fran kli n D. Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, Dwight D. Eise nhower, Lyndon B. Johnson, Gerald Ford, and George H. W. Bush all had offices in this buildi ng before beco ming preside nt. It has housed 16 Secretaries of the Navy, 21 Secretaries of War, and 24 Secretaries of State. Winston Churchill once walked its corridors and Japa nese emissaries met here with Secretary of State Cordell Hull after the bomb ing of Pearl Harbor.E. The Eise nhower Executive Office Buildi ng (EEOB) comma nds a unique positi on in both the n atio nal history and the architectural heritage of the Un ited States. Desig ned by Supervis ing Architect ofthe Treasury, Alfred B. Mullett, it was built from 1871 to 1888 to house the grow ing staffs of the State, War, and Navy Departme nts, and is con sidered one of the best examples of French Second Empire architecture in the coun try.F. Con struct ion took 17 years as the buildi ng slowly rose wing by wing. When the EEOB was fini shed,it was the largest office building in Washington, with nearly 2 miles of black and white tiled corridors. Almost all of the in terior detail is of cast iron or plaster; the use of wood was mini mized to in sure fire safety. Eight monumen tal curvi ng staircases of gra nite with over 4,000 in dividually cast bronze balusters are capped by four skylight domes and two sta ined glass rot un das.G. The history of the EEOB bega n long before its foun dati ons were laid. The first executive offices were con structed betwee n 1799 and 1820. A series of fires (in cludi ng those set by the British in 1814) and overcrowded con diti ons led to the con struct ion of the exist ing Treasury Buildi ng. In 1866, the con struct ion of the North Wing of the Treasury Buildi ng n ecessitated the demoliti on of the State Departme nt buildi ng.【答案】41. (E) T C T 42. (G) T 43. (A) 44. (B) 45. (D)Part CDirectio ns:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your tran slation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 poi nts)Shakespeare ' s life time was coincident with a period of extraordinary activity and achievement in the drama.(46) By the date of his birth Europe was witnessing the passing of the religious drama, and the creation of new forms under the incentive of classical tragedy and comedy. These new forms were at first mainly written by scholars and performed by amateurs, but in England, as everywhere else in western Europe, the growth of a class of professional actors was threatening to make the drama popular, whether it should be new or old, classical or medieval, literary or farcical. Court, school organizations of amateurs, and the traveling actors were all rivals in supplying a widespread desire for dramatic entertainment; and (47) no boy who went a grammar school could be ignorant that the drama was a form of literature which gave glory to Greece and Rome and might yet bring honor to England.When Shakespeare was twelve years old, the first public playhouse was built in London. For a time literature showed no interest in this public stage. Plays aiming at literary distinction were written for school or court, or for the choir boys of St. Paul' s and the royal chapel, who, however, gave plays in public as wel as at court.(48) but the professi onal compa nies prospered in their perma nent theaters, and uni versity men with literatureambiti ons were quick to turn to these theaters as offeri ng a means of livelihood. By the time Shakespeare was twen ty-five, Lyly, Peele, and Gree ne had made comedies that were at once popular and literary; Kyd had written a tragedy that crowded the pit; and Marlowe had brought poetry and genius to triumph on the com mon stage - where they had played no part since the death of Euripides. (49) A native literary drama had bee n created, its allia nee with the public playhouses established, and at least some of its great traditi ons had bee n beg un.The developme nt of the Elizabetha n drama for the n ext twenty -five years is of excepti onal in terest tostudents of literary history, for in this brief period we may trace the beginning, growth, blossoming, and decay of many kinds of plays, and of many great careers. We are amazed today at the mere nu mber of plays produced, as well as by the number of dramatists writing at the same time for this London of two hundred thousa nd in habita nts. (50)To realize how great was the dramatic activity, we must remember further that hosts of plays have bee n lost, and that probably there is no author of note whose en tire work has survived.【参考译文】46. 到莎士比亚出生的年代，欧洲经历了宗教戏剧的消亡，以及在古典悲剧和喜剧的影响下新的戏剧形式的产生。
中南大学网络学院--基础英语（上）---在线考试参考资料
中南大学网络学院--基础英语（上）---在线考试参考资料(一) 单选题1. In order to win the competition，they practiced the song _______.(A) over and again(B) over and over again(C) again and over(D) again and again over参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！2. I thought Jim would say something about his school report, but he _______ it.(A) doesn’t mention(B) didn’t mention(C) hasn’t mentioned(D) haven’t mentioned参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！3. My sister _______ on her best clothes and left for the party.(A) put(B) puts(C) will put(D) is putting参考答案：(A)没有详解信息！4. 3. I was afraid the sickness had sapped my strength.(A) accelerated (B) loosened (C) increased (D) gradually weakened参考答案：(D)没有详解信息！5. They won’t buy new clothes bec ause they _______ money to buy a new house.(A) save(B) are saving(C) have saved(D) were saving参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！6. He was so busy that he _________ his health.(A) reviewed(B) ignored(C) neglected(D) regarded参考答案：(C)没有详解信息！7. In spite of his ________ quietness, George is very aggressive.(A) outward (B) coward (C) reward (D) inward参考答案：(A)没有详解信息！8. _______ trees makes our environment better.(A) Plant(B) Planted(C) Having planted(D) Planting参考答案：(D)没有详解信息！9. Unemployment in this country is quite high, especially the senior workers.(A) junior(B) early(C) experienced(D) elderly参考答案：(D)没有详解信息！10. So many fantastic ideas! It’s too much for me to _______ all at once.(A) abandon(B) absorb(C) break(D) revolve参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！11. He was wearing casual clothes.(A) serious (B) informal (C) formal (D) tidy参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！12. I can’t just tell you directly; it would _________ the flow of the story.(A) ruin(B) spoil(C) harm(D) damage参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！13. The experience of staying far away from home created a very special bond between us.(A) relationship (B) proof (C) blog (D) money参考答案：(A)没有详解信息！14. If I _______ how that works, I’ll post an update.(A) figure out(B) break out(C) carry out(D) turn out参考答案：(A)没有详解信息！15. “It’s such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table________ for customs.(A) conserved(B) deserved(C) preserved(D) reserved参考答案：(D)没有详解信息！16. Love, joy, hate, fear and grief are all emotions.(A) smiles (B) actions (C) sadness (D) feelings参考答案：(D)没有详解信息！17. He stood there motionless and ________ at the natural beauty of the sea.(A) in wonder(B) in doubt(C) in question(D) in trouble参考答案：(A)没有详解信息！18. As competition became tense, the company decided to ________ its business in China.(A) go down (B) break down (C) wind down (D) let down参考答案：(C)没有详解信息！19. 6. He was born with a slight deformity of the feet which made him limp.(A) disability (B) inability (C) distortion (D) illness参考答案：(A)没有详解信息！20. Last week we _______ to the restaurant in the new hotel.(A) go(B) have gone(C) went(D) are going参考答案：(C)没有详解信息！21. He kept on taking exercises _________ the weather is in winter.(A) no matter what(B) no matter who(C) no matter where(D) no matter which参考答案：(A)没有详解信息！22. I hope my dream about prison won’t _______!(A) realize(B) attain(C) achieve(D) come true参考答案：(D)没有详解信息！23. The speaker __________ by saying that music is vital to our well-being and health.(A) took off (B) fell off (C) started off (D) wiped off参考答案：(C)没有详解信息！24. I _______ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since last year.(A) will play(B) have played(C) play(D) played参考答案：(C)没有详解信息！25. The law ________ him finally.(A) came up with(B) caught up with(C) keep up with(D) brought up参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！26. I _______ born in a small city not far from here.(A) am(B) was(C) have been(D) had been参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！27. Language teachers often _______ advice to language learners.(A) offers(B) offered(C) offer(D) are offering参考答案：(C)没有详解信息！28. The husband _______ for his wife’s every wish.(A) required(B) watched(C) needed(D) catered参考答案：(D)没有详解信息！29. The traffic in our city is already good and it _______ even better.(A) gets(B) has got(C) got(D) is getting参考答案：(D)没有详解信息！30. After that we never saw her again, ________ did we hear from her.(A) not(B) none(C) or(D) nor参考答案：(D)没有详解信息！31. If you’re too trusting, other people will take?________?of you.(A) happiness(B) advantage(C) disadvantage(D) good参考答案：(A)没有详解信息！32. The herb medicine eventually cured her diseases.(A) nicely(B) apparently(C) finally(D) naturally参考答案：(C)没有详解信息！33. He promised his parents to work hard in the following years.(A) previous (B) likely (C) coming (D) last参考答案：(C)没有详解信息！34. The teacher told me the earth _______ around the sun(A) move(B) moves(C) will move(D) have moved参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！35. I’m afraid he is so poor that he can’t ___________ books.(A) afford(B) offer(C) supply(D) provide参考答案：(A)没有详解信息！36. Tourism creates many jobs for local people.(A) gets(B) brings(C) takes(D) finds参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！37. Remember to send me a photo of us when you _______ to me next time.(A) are writing(B) will write(C) has written(D) write参考答案：(D)没有详解信息！38. The company intended to _________ hugely in new technology.(A) defend(B) plan(C) invest(D) remain参考答案：没有详解信息！39. Mark Zuckerberg, the man who created Facebook, has already been a legend when he is so young.(A) heroine (B) famous person (C) old story (D) champion(B)没有详解信息！40. The school offers us the for study.(A) appliance(B) facilities(C) instrument(D) apparatus参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！41. I’m perfectly ________ doing it myself, thank you.(A) able of(B) able to(C) capable of(D) capable to参考答案：(C)没有详解信息！42. That original novel in English is far beyond the ________of those non-English major students.(A) ability(B) capability(C) capacity(D) faculty参考答案：没有详解信息！43. He played the violin well and ________ from all the other musicians.(A) stood up(B) stood by(D) stood out参考答案：(D)没有详解信息！44. It was in that beautiful park ______ we celebrated the family reunion last week.(A) when (B) where (C) that (D) which参考答案：(C)没有详解信息！45. The police were soon __________ after the serious traffic accident.(A) in the rise(B) on the scene(C) on the sea(D) on the air参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！46. His parents came to live in America 15 years ago and he was brought up in a_______ ________ family.(A) orphan (B) immigrant (C) mushy (D) fortunate参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！47. Her ex-husband has to the children once a week.(A) exit(B) entrance(C) access(D) assess参考答案：(C)没有详解信息！48. _______ you leave the house at the same time as your brother does?(A) Are(B) Do(C) Have(D) Had参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！49. The doctor took my temperature and _______ to my heart.(A) listen(B) will listen(C) has listened(D) listened参考答案：(D)没有详解信息！50. He went ahead and fought, ___________ the consequences.(A) despite of(B) regardless of(C) in spite(D) instead of参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！51. ________ faces stared up at her from the audience.(A) A bit of(B) A sea of(C) Amount of(D) A little of参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！52. Her opinion counts because of her experience.(A) considers (B) is important (C) is called (D) calculates参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！53. He _______ at the meeting, but his heart attack prevented him.(A) speaks(B) is going to speak(C) was going to speak(D) speaked参考答案：(C)没有详解信息！54. He made a __________ of $50,000 on his old house.(A) living(B) visit(C) gift参考答案：(D)没有详解信息！55. The market is gloomy. Will his new plan __________ good results?(A) bring together (B) bring about (C) bring forward (D) bring down参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！56. I _______ to see you at 10:00 tomorrow.(A) am going(B) go(C) went(D) has gone参考答案：(A)没有详解信息！57. If people were __________ of education, the nation would not progress.(A) decreased(B) deprived(C) survived(D) arrived参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！58. He was embarrassed at first but he was clever enough to amuse the audience with his sense of _________.(B) direction(C) humor(D) achievement参考答案：(C)没有详解信息！59. Please wait for a moment, we _______ this matter now.(A) discuss(B) discusses(C) discussed(D) are discussing参考答案：(D)没有详解信息！60. Children need a lot of good fresh food to ________ them.(A) nourish(B) furnish(C) develop(D) finish参考答案：(A)没有详解信息！61. The little bird gathered small sticks to __________ a nest.(A) make up (B) make into (C) drive into (D) pick up参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！62. I first met Tom 10 years ago. He _______ in a radio factory at that time.(B) has worked(C) works(D) was working参考答案：(D)没有详解信息！63. This mountain is 3,500 meters above sea __________.(A) class (B) rate (C) line (D) level参考答案：(D)没有详解信息！64. Good food and plenty of exercise are essential for a healthy life.(A) fine (B) unnecessary (C) necessary (D) separable参考答案：(C)没有详解信息！65. So far the ceasefire has been __________ by both sides.(A) observed(B) deserved(C) served(D) looked参考答案：(A)没有详解信息！66. I should teach my students that science is akin to common sense.(A) similar to(B) referred to(D) connected to参考答案：(A)没有详解信息！67. The prince who had told Andersen to _________ a trade was the king.(A) study(B) learn(C) practice(D) know参考答案：(B)没有详解信息！68. Wind power is an ancient source of energy _________ we may return in near future.(A) on which(B) by which(C) to which(D) from which参考答案：(C)没有详解信息！69. The new manager is kind to everybody. He seems easy to ___________.(A) get by (B) get across (C) get along with (D) get rid of参考答案：(C)没有详解信息！70. His main rival is going further.(A) leader (B) partner (C) opponent (D) cooperator参考答案：(C)没有详解信息！71. We need to ___________ our employees to promote mutual-respect in our company.(A) pay respect to(B) carry on(C) focus on(D) carry out参考答案：(A)没有详解信息！72. He was having a really tough time at work at that time but he survived at last.(A) difficult(B) critical(C) soft(D) mild参考答案：(A)没有详解信息！73. This year the company will _______ about 90 new graduates.(A) fire(B) educate(C) hire(D) view参考答案：(C)没有详解信息！(二) 完型填空1. My first “real” job was a part-time job at Burger King andI was a hostess who served coffee. I also cooked the French fries, filled drink orders, and did whatever else the Manager asked me to do. Although the work is 1, I did learn a lot at that job. It 2 me a few 3 I still use to this day. The most important lesson I 4 is that laughter is an amazing bonding tool. And I learned rapidly that workers who 5 together work well together too. We had a lot of6 in that job. I also learned to be flexible in this job. I was officially7 to be the hostess, but many nights I was asked to 8 a bit of time doing other duties too. In crunch times the 9 who just does what needs to be done is always。
中南大学博士研究生英语考试真题
中南大学博士研究生英语考试真题全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Mid-South University PhD English Exam InstructionsPart I: Reading ComprehensionRead the following passage and answer the questions that follow.(1) The benefits of exercise on physical health arewell-documented, but recent studies have explored the connection between physical activity and mental health. Scientists have found that regular exercise can have a positive impact on mood, reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression. One study published in the Journal of Psychiatric Research found that individuals who engaged in at least 30 minutes of physical activity three times a week were less likely to report feelings of depression.(2) The reason behind this connection lies in the release of endorphins, chemicals in the brain that act as natural painkillers and mood elevators. Exercise has been shown to increase endorphin levels, leading to feelings of happiness and well-being.Additionally, physical activity can help decrease stress hormones in the body, further contributing to improved mental health.(3) In addition to the chemical changes that occur in the brain, exercise also provides individuals with a sense of accomplishment and control. Setting and achieving fitness goals can boost self-esteem and confidence, while the routine of exercise can provide structure and stability during challenging times.Questions:1. What is the main topic of the passage?2. How does exercise benefit mental health?3. How do endorphins contribute to feelings of happiness?4. What role does setting and achieving fitness goals play in mental health?Part II: Essay WritingChoose one of the following topics and write an essay of at least 300 words.1. The importance of preserving the environment for future generations.2. The impact of technology on communication and relationships.3. The benefits of multiculturalism in society.Part III: Grammar and VocabularyComplete the following sentences with the correct verb tense or vocabulary word.1. I (to study) English for five years.2. The students (not, finish) their assignment yet.3. The new law (to take) effect next month.4. I can't find my keys. I think I (to lose) them.5. The restaurant has a great (variety/variation) of dishes on the menu.Good luck on your exam!篇2Unfortunately, I do not have access to specific exam questions such as the one you have requested. However, I can provide you with a general idea of what a typical Ph.D. English exam at Central South University might look like.The Ph.D. English exam at Central South University is designed to assess a candidate's proficiency in English and their ability to conduct academic research. The exam typically consists of several sections, including listening, reading, writing, and speaking.The listening section of the exam may involve listening to lectures or conversations and answering comprehension questions based on the material heard. This section is designed to test the candidate's ability to understand spoken English and their listening skills.The reading section of the exam often includes academic articles or passages related to the candidate's field of study. Candidates are required to read the material carefully and answer questions that test their comprehension and critical thinking skills.The writing section of the exam usually requires candidates to write an essay or a research paper on a given topic. This section assesses the candidate's ability to write clearly and coherently, as well as their ability to present and support arguments effectively.The speaking section of the exam typically involves aface-to-face interview with examiners. Candidates may be askedto discuss their research interests, present their findings, or respond to questions related to their field of study. This section tests the candidate's ability to communicate orally in English and to engage in academic discussions.Overall, the Ph.D. English exam at Central South University aims to evaluate a candidate's English language proficiency, academic writing skills, research abilities, and communication skills. Candidates who perform well on the exam demonstrate that they are capable of conducting research and communicating effectively in an academic setting.篇3The Ph.D. entrance exam for international students at Central South University (CSU) is a rigorous and comprehensive assessment of their English language proficiency, academic aptitude, and research potential. The exam is designed to evaluate the applicants' ability to understand and communicate in English, as well as their capacity to engage in advanced research and scholarly activities.The exam consists of three parts: reading comprehension, writing, and speaking. The reading comprehension section includes a series of passages on various topics, such as science,technology, social sciences, and humanities. Applicants are required to read the passages carefully and answer questions based on the content and context of the texts.In the writing section, applicants are asked to write an essay on a given topic within a specified time frame. The topics cover a wide range of disciplines and require critical thinking, analysis, and argumentation. The essays are evaluated based on the applicants' ability to develop ideas, present arguments coherently, and support their claims with evidence.The speaking section assesses the applicants' ability to communicate effectively in English. Applicants are required to participate in a conversation with the examiners, discuss a topic, and respond to questions. The examiners evaluate the applicants' fluency, pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar.Overall, the Ph.D. entrance exam at CSU is a challenging test that requires thorough preparation and a high level of proficiency in English. Applicants are advised to familiarize themselves with the exam format, practice reading, writing, and speaking in English, and seek feedback from teachers or language experts to improve their skills.In conclusion, the Ph.D. entrance exam for international students at Central South University is an important step in theadmissions process and a key determinant of the applicants' readiness for advanced study and research. Successful performance on the exam demonstrates the applicants' ability to succeed in the Ph.D. program and contribute to the academic community at CSU.。
中南大学《英语》在线考试题及答案
中南大学《英语（下）》在线考试答案1. Fifty million public school children in America (1) a new school year. The number (1) 1 are starting (2) 2 weak (3) 3 higher (4) 4 on (5) 5 pay (6) 6 property(7) 7 says (8) 8 per (9) 9 receiving (10) 10 many2. Let go love There was once a lonely girl who longed so much for love. One day (1) 1 starving (2) 2 cage (3) 3 strong (4) 4 open (5) 5 that(6) 6 flew (7) 7 horror (8) 8 .for (9) 9 softly (10) 10 keep3. In America schools there is something called Home-coming Day. Many high schools(1) graduation(2) Many weeks before the day(3) To go home to see their family(4) elect or choose(5) The student who is liked most by the others.4. Full-time university students spend all their time studying. They don’t do other(1) Medical students(2) when they graduate(3) live in a universit(4) work for a living in the daytime and study in the evening(5) whose students send their work by post to their tutor5. he sent you to a hospital, but all the advanced equipment there shows that there(1) arrange by turns(2) .When you are in a state of subhealth, you should find out the reasons and relax yourself.(3) they have more pressure in life and work(4) keep relaxed(5) we should have meals with less salt and sugar6. Richard Gray was a famous explorer. He was also a millionaire. He has visited(1) .had traveled all over the world(2) began to search for water in the desert(3) .a large good hote(4) was not permitted to enter the hotel(5) had bought the tie from the man7. In some cities, workholism（废寝忘食地工作）is so common that people don’t Their (1) 1 want (2) 2 hate (3) 3 physical (4) 4 failure (5) 5 efficiently(6) 6 work (7) 7 provide (8) 8 advantages (9) 9 more than (10) 10 made8. Sending text messages from your mobile phone while driving is more dangerous(1) Texting while driving is more dangerous than drink-driving and driving under the influence of drugs(2) The driver feels so excited reading the text on the phone display while driving.(3) Drink-driving(4) The danger of texting while driving and the reasons for(5) .a newspaper report9. The spot at the southwest corner of the house, however, was never going to look(1) .It was something ugly and should be moved away.(2) They were used to having the rock in the yard.(3) The yard didn’t look nice with the rock around the corner.(4) Because it was too easy to dig the rock out.(5) Because they appeared to be great and get others to walk carefully around them just like the rock did.10、 A true apology is more than just acknowledgement（承认1-5，Done，often，ahead，even，expressed，6-10various，.Unless，seized，apology，burst11. Being alone in outer space can be frightening. That is one reason why astronauts 1-5busy，However，long，adjustment，shut up，alone，pressure，.handle，choosing12. In America and around the world, Christmas offers many1. The Christmas spirit encourages people to help each other in many ways.2. .By listing important facts.3. .The 2nd sentence4. They all believe that being helpful is one of the greatest virtues in life.5. Salvation Army bell ringers are regular Christmas shoppers., you might be able to live on the moon.In 2020, NASA plans to2020,in 1969,2014, .The agency decided to build a single base and developing several landing sites.The Shackleton crater一．单选. try to () your views by reading 。